CN109637637A - Medical management system based on block chain - Google Patents
Medical management system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109637637A CN109637637A CN201710983183.7A CN201710983183A CN109637637A CN 109637637 A CN109637637 A CN 109637637A CN 201710983183 A CN201710983183 A CN 201710983183A CN 109637637 A CN109637637 A CN 109637637A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of medical management systems based on block chain, it include: (1) block chain subsystem, for storage section electronic medical record information, verifying abstract, electronic medical record index, with original electronic medical record (EMR) system compatible；(2) authentication subsystem is used for user's registration, safety certification and key management；(3) intelligent contract subsystem, the function of being shared for realizing government's (Wei Jiwei) medical data supervision and management, prescription certification, prescription purchase medicine function, medical insurance reparation and patient medical record authorization, the medical management system based on block chain provide intelligent contract write, combine, the tool of Formal Verification and generation, and by formalization method, the Life cycle of description, modeling, verifying, generation and the execution of intelligent contract is managed；(4) EMR subsystem for storing specific electronic medical record, and provides management and inquires the service of electronic medical record.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical management system fields, more particularly to the intelligent medical treatment management system based on block chain.
Background technique
Nowadays, medical industry continues to develop, perfect, but medical data safety, sharing, privacy still suffer from
Significant challenge, also exactly block chain can put forth effort place.
So-called block chain is the computer technologies such as Distributed Storage, point-to-point transmission, common recognition mechanism, Encryption Algorithm
New application mode, relative to conventional central database, block chain has following advantage: (1) safety: block chain rely on encryption
Case history is verified, can verify and be related to each side's identity of case history.This ensures the agreement if without reference to each side, one " mistake " note
Record cannot be added on block chain.A new record is added with regard to needing to carry out primary complicated mathematics meter to block chain per secondary
It calculates, Hash calculation, this depends on record data, is related to each side's identity of record.Existing block chain rely on previous block chain this
One characteristic ensures that malice participant cannot distort case history historical record.This is because if medical record data before changing, it is existing
Some cryptographic Hash will be affected, and cannot match with other backups of account book；(2) transparent: the essence of block chain determines that it is one
Kind distributed database, by multiple node maintenances with it is synchronous, in addition, record data must be consistent between each side, just have
It may be added into block chain, this is to say can access same data in many ways from design is upper --- therefore substantially increase transparent
Degree, and legacy system is hided dependent on multiple in subsequent " private collection " database of firewall, is sightless from outside；(3) it reduces
Cost of labor: in many blocks, the data about same record are conflicting, so as to cause with high costs, time-consuming interminable right
Account program, tissue can greatly reduce artificial checking requirement, therefore a large amount of sections using distributed data base as block chain
About cost., outside, block chain can allow each tissue to obtain common ability, exempt the duplication of labour；(4) public letter property: block chain technology base
In P2P network, without centralized server and relevant management organization, the failure of single node will not cause system overall operation
It influences, ensure that the robustness of system, credit algorithm of the whole network based on open source, all case histories all occur in node device
On, any trust intermediary and credit endorsement are not needed, trust cost is significantly reduced；(5) fault-tolerance: block chain is one complete
Point to point network, there are many distributed node and computer servers to support, and have high reliability, each system
The copy of a intact block chain data is all saved on the node of middle participation, it is high fault-tolerant that this has whole network
Property, if several nodes of any a part go wrong, it all will not influence network other parts and continue to operate.This do not having
24/7 whole day can be obtained as Disaster Recovery Center or database redundancy center in the case where using complex technology by having
Wait operational characteristic；(6) high redundancy, reliably, can trace to the source: block chain data are protected by all node computers in P2P network
It deposits, even if certain lightweight equipment are not backed up total data, also ensures the highly redundant characteristic of data, each pen in block chain
Case history all passes through cryptography method and connects with adjacent block, can trace to the source, due to the characteristic of block chain high redundancy, unless can control
51% or more node in whole network processed, the otherwise failure of certain nodes or distort to its malice will not be to macro-data
It impacts, node is more, and computing capability is stronger, and Information Security is also higher；(7) data universality: block catenary system can be deposited
Store up any kind of data, it is not necessary to the complexity of concern of data type.
So-called intelligence contract, i.e., " execution that intelligent contract promotes contract by using agreement and user interface ", one
Intelligent contract is a set of promise defined in digital form, can execute the association of these promises above including contract participant
View.As long as participant is reached an agreement, the rights and duties that intelligent contract is established, are held by a computer or computer network
What row was completed.Agreement is that technology is realized, on this basis, contract promise is implemented or contract promises to undertake that realization is recorded.
The code of intelligent contract is deployed on sharing, duplication account book, the assets that it can maintain the state of oneself, draw oneself up
(state, assets are stored on account book as code), additionally it is possible to which the external information received is responded.
According to the investigation of existing electronic medical record service condition, electronic medical record is had the following problems at present:
(1) Wei Jiwei supervision problem:
Electronic medical record plays an important role in defending planning commission's checking process.The electricity of each hospital need to be obtained by defending planning commission
Sub- medical records carries out statistics examination to it, to supervise to hospital.In this course, electronic medical record is true
Reality is particularly important.For the authenticity for guaranteeing medical record information, defending planning commission need to spend material resources, manpower to carry out core to medical records
It is real.Hospital side also needs to provide manpower and planning commission's censorship is defended in related data cooperation.Nowadays the part for defending planning commission examines that process needs
It is disclosed to patient and hospital, it is intended that entire medical industry is supervised jointly, to some way need to be used to have more public information
Authenticity.
(2) electronic medical record problem is shared:
Patient is medical in multiple hospitals, and the electronic medical record of patient is not shared by each hospital, causes working as
The information that preceding hospital's medical treatment Shi doctor is obtained is insufficient, increases treatment difficulty.
(3) medical insurance problem:
If patient buys insurance, when leaving hospital, patient need to provide related medical treatment data to insurance company, and insurance company's evidence
This determine whether compensate gives patient corresponding insurance money, this process is quite cumbersome, and easily rise disagree, need to expend a large amount of manpowers and
Material resources.
(4) medicine problem is sold after medical reform:
May stop selling medicine with the reform of medical industry, after hospital, patient need to after infection from hospital prescription in medicine
Corresponding drug is bought in shop, and the prescription in Patients ' Electronic medical records that pharmacy provides according to hospital sells medicine.If but electron medical treatment is remembered
Record is distorted by people, can lead to some of the staff's malicious purchase drug.It will lead to the medical thing of appearance with buying medicine and separate in addition, seeing a doctor
Therefore when be not easy to call to account, need the method that can effectively prove each side's responsibility, that is, providing corresponding record proves, calls to account.
And it can preferably be solved according to can see the two to the introduction of block chain and intelligent contract technology in the background parts
Certainly aforementioned four problem.First, block chain realizes a believable entity for the first time on network, block chain is a string of uses
Cryptography method is associated the data block generated, contains the medical record information of certain time, each data in each data block
Block all includes the cryptographic Hash of a upper block, with the validity for verifying its information.Since block chain is a decentralization
Distributed data base, the slight change of every bit can all change entire state, and in block chain technology, it cracking can find
This change and corrected rapidly, this namely described in storage information be it is not modifiable, this is protected to a certain extent
The true and reliability of data is demonstrate,proved.By the electronic medical record for needing to verify in four problems by it in a manner of extracting abstract
Corresponding abstract is stored on block chain, guarantees the authenticity of its abstract, thus when verifying physical record, and is stored in block chain
On abstract compare, can confirm its authenticity and reliability；Second, intelligent contract be it is a set of define in digital form hold
Promise can execute the agreement of these promises including contract participant above.It is the calculating that can execute agreement terms automatically
Machine program is deployed in block chain, and block chain ensure that the safety and reliability that intelligent contract stores and executes, to use
Intelligent contract can cut down the cost on the man power and material in aforementioned four problem, save the cost expense well.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish the intelligent medical treatment system of a block chain, which mainly has following function
Can: government's (Wei Jiwei) medical data supervision and management, prescription certification, prescription purchase medicine function, medical insurance reparation and patient medical record are awarded
Power is shared.
Summary of the invention
Inventive concept of the invention is on the basis of original electronic medical record system, researches and develops medical block chain skill
The same data message of system and data directory are stored on block chain by art, replace original with the intelligent contract on block chain
The manual operation come, guarantees the authenticity of electronic medical record, opens up the sharing of electronic medical record, protect the privacy of patient
And the safety of data.Establish the electronic medical record system based on block chain.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of medical management systems based on block chain, comprising:
(1) block chain subsystem, for storage section electronic medical record information, verifying abstract, electronic medical record rope
Draw, with original electronic medical record (EMR) system compatible；
(2) authentication subsystem is used for user's registration, safety certification and key management；
(3) intelligent contract subsystem, for realizing government's (Wei Jiwei) medical data supervision and management, prescription certification, prescription
The shared function of medicine function, medical insurance reparation and patient medical record authorization is purchased, the medical management system based on block chain provides
Intelligent contract writes, combines, the tool of Formal Verification and generation, and by formalization method, manage intelligent contract description,
Modeling, verifying, the Life cycle for generating and executing；
(4) EMR subsystem for storing specific electronic medical record, and provides management and inquires electronic medical record
Service.
Preferably, the medical management system based on block chain further includes communication module, is used for user and server, clothes
Information between business device and server is interactively communicated with safe in real time.
Preferably, the block chain subsystem includes block chain management module, consistency module, AM access module, block chain
Memory module and communication protocol module.
Preferably, the block chain subsystem arrangement is divided into two kinds, respectively single-stranded small-scale deployment and polynary mould
Formula large scale deployment.
Preferably, the block chain subsystem starts to build block according to the request that user sends, and building block method includes following step
Rapid: (1) each calculate node can receive user request information, by having untreated case history in timeout time and buffer area,
Jump to (2)；(2) node issues prepropose and instructs and vote the case history received, is selected later using polling algorithm
Specific node out starts calculation block after the prepropose instruction that specific node receives+2/3, the disease that will be voted through
It goes through and is put into block, and be broadcast to other nodes in system, while sending voted command, the step of calculation block includes:
(2-1) fills the fields such as block height, the proparea block header cryptographic Hash of block to be built according to the newest block being locally stored
Value；The case history tissue of case history buffer area is State Tree by (2-2), is stored to the case history area of block, and the tree root of the tree is stored
In case history root field；(2-3) finally fills the field values such as case history producer public key, timestamp, version number and extended code, so far
Block building is completed；(3) after node receives block and voted command, if at this time without locking any block, locking is received
Block, block correctness is verified and is voted, ballot is then broadcast to other nodes in system；If having lock at this time
Determine block and the round of block that receives is greater than the round of Current lock block, then locks the block received and broadcast throwing
Ticket, the verifying includes the following: cryptographic Hash that (3-1) verifies the proparea block header stored in the block, if be locally stored
Newest block block head cryptographic Hash it is consistent；(3-2) verifies the timestamp stored in the block, if than what is be locally stored
The timestamp of newest block is later；(3-3) verifies the block height stored in the block, if than the newest block being locally stored
Block height it is higher；(3-4) votes for for the block, otherwise votes against if above-mentioned verifying is all correct；(4) work as section
When point receives the negative vote of+1/3 pair of Current lock block, unlocks block and be ready for next round；When node receives+2/3 pair
When the affirmative vote of Current lock block, if block also in local block chain, is charged to local block by father's block of this block
In chain and block is unlocked, otherwise broadcasts the message to obtain missing block, the voting results received is broadcast to other nodes later；
If overtime, unlock block and be ready for next round；(5) after each node receives all voting results, each node is compared
Voting results, have following four kinds of situations: if (a) some node issue different nodes be different voting results, that
This node is just considered as " traitor " node；If (b) node is different from most of node voting results, it is believed
Reputation point carries out halving processing；If (c) a node voting results are consistent with final result, and it is consistent to vote, then to its prestige
Divide and slightly rises；It votes if (d) node only sends out part of nodes, its prestige point is reduced；(6) finally, to all
After voting results confirmation, each node sends feedback message.
Preferably, the authentication subsystem includes that user registration module, security authentication module and key issue module.
Preferably, the authentication subsystem realizes the reliable authentication of identity using digital signature technology, including to defending
Planning commission's authentication and certification to prescription.
Preferably, the intelligent contract subsystem include template generation module, template release module, contract generation module and
Contract execution module.
Preferably, the intelligent contract includes framework contract and traffic contract, and the framework contract includes registration contract, general
Contract and medical treatment contract are wanted, the traffic contract includes supervision contract, shared contract, insurance contract and purchase medicine contract.
Preferably, the electronic medical record system includes medical records storage module, medical record management module and case history inquiry mould
Block.
According to the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.Target and feature of the invention will be apparent from view of following description taken together with the accompanying drawings,
In attached drawing:
Attached drawing 1 is the overall framework figure according to the medical system based on block chain of the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the block chain subsystem functional block diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is the small-scale deployment diagram according to the block chain subsystem of the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 4 is the dual mode large scale deployment figure according to the block chain subsystem of the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 5 is according to the dual mode of the block chain subsystem of the embodiment of the present invention specific deployment diagram on a large scale；
Attached drawing 6 is the block and block chain structure schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 7 is the structural schematic diagram according to the user information chain State Tree of the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 8 is the medical record data structure chart according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 9 is the authentication subsystem Nei Wei planning commission identifying procedure figure according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 10 is the intelligent contract subsystem function module map according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 11 is the framework contract relational graph according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 12 is according to the family doctor after the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention medical management system based on block chain
Scene figure；
Attached drawing 13 is according to the classification diagnosis and treatment after the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention medical management system based on block chain
Scene figure；
Attached drawing 14 is to purchase medicine according to the prescription after the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention medical management system based on block chain
Scene figure；
Attached drawing 15 is according to the government regulation after the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention medical management system based on block chain
Scene figure；
Attached drawing 16 is according to the business insurance after the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention medical management system based on block chain
Scene figure.
Specific embodiment
As shown, system is made of four subsystems altogether: block chain subsystem, intelligent contract subsystem, identity are recognized
Demonstrate,prove subsystem and primary electron medical record system.And the basic function of four subsystems is respectively as follows: block chain subsystem: storage unit
Divide electronic medical record information, verifying abstract, electronic medical record index, and compatible original emr system；Intelligent contract subsystem
System: the four big functions that project is proposed are realized by intelligent contract, platform provide intelligence contract write, combine, Formal Verification
The full Life Cycle of description, modeling, verifying, generation and the execution of intelligent contract is managed by formalization method with the tool of generation
Phase；Authentication subsystem: user's registration, safety certification and key management；EMR subsystem: storing specific electronic medical record,
The function of management and inquiry is provided it.
Certainly, in the present embodiment, meet the reality of the information exchange communication between user and server, server and server
Shi Xing, safety have designed and developed a communication module also directed to the characteristics of block chain.
One, block chain subsystem:
As shown in Fig. 2, block chain subsystem mainly provides four functions: the management of block chain, consistency module, access mould
Block, the storage of block chain and communication protocol.The designing points one of block chain subsystem share at 4 points: the scalability of block structure,
Design, block chain and the existing EMR system of the storage form of block data and the construction process of block chain and case history structure and content
System compatible design.
Block chain can be using small-scale deployment and two kinds of deployment way of large scale deployment.The small-scale deployment of block chain is such as
Shown in Fig. 3, for single-stranded deployment, four are used to calculate (at least for four nodes, to meet the fault-tolerant basic demand of CBFT)
Node is placed respectively, and interior joint can be disposed as the case may be.It is communicated between node using high speed network.In logarithm
It is carried out in consistency voting process according to block, the present embodiment uses CBFT algorithm, to guarantee when the feelings for having a node to malfunction
It still can be operated normally under condition.The large scale deployment of block chain uses multi-mode, is with good expansibility.With binary
For mode, as shown in figure 4, block chain is divided into main chain and time chain, each item time chain uses node verification system authentication identity (key
Certification) main chain is added afterwards, interchain secure communication is carried out, every chain is provided which that chain node and chain route two kinds and enter chain mode, this reality
It applies in example, each participation mechanism of medical industry can select suitable mode to be added in block chain, well according to self-demand
Scalability show as each chain and can be extended again, by taking the dual mode in Fig. 4 as an example, main chain can be extended up, at
For the secondary chain of higher level-one chain；And secondary chain can also extend downwards, become the main chain of lower level-one chain.Binary mould is based on to be formed
The multi-mode of formula, adjacent interchain is at dual mode, and integral into multi-mode.
In conjunction with the industry requirement in the present embodiment, the large scale deployment of specific block chain is as shown in Figure 5.With dual mode
For, block chain is divided into main chain and time chain, forms the architecture of two layers of multichain, and multichain can bring higher for medical supervision
The transparency and supervisory efficiency, wherein main chain is issued with time chain by being communicated after the verifying of node verification system by identity authorization system
The public and private key of hair ensures communication safety as communication voucher.Main chain realizes the medical block chain interconnection of each secondary chain, and secondary chain is responsible for depositing
Storage be added this chain medical institutions electronic medical record index and abstract, each chain node be deployed in as the case may be main chain and time
It in the use mechanism of chain, is carried out in consistency voting process to data block, using CBFT algorithm, so that guaranteeing to work as has one
Node can still operate normally in the case where malfunctioning, and each medical institutions for being added to time chain take electronic medical record local
Storage uploads partial data, index, abstract, and authorization is shared and the modes such as secret protection, and abstract is stored in time chain, protects
The authenticity and reliability for demonstrate,proving data extract the medical data of hospital local using multiple party signatures, to realize according to index
The anti-tamper of electronic medical record, data sharing, multiple authorization and secret protection.
It defends planning commission and can be directly becoming main chain node and supervise electronic medical record under the chain；Each medical institutions (hospital, clinic
Deng) can be added in chain by chain node and chain routing two ways, realize the data sharing of each medical institutions；Medical treatment is participated in protect
The insurance institution of danger and the pharmacy after payment mechanism and medical reform can be routed by chain and be linked into equipment as block
Application is added in primary and secondary chain, facilitates the processing of own service.
Certainly, since the block chain that the present embodiment is proposed is with good expansibility, those skilled in the art can be incited somebody to action
The dual mode development that Fig. 5 is proposed is multi-mode, and block chain is made to be flexibly applied to different scenes.
The characteristics of overall system design in the present embodiment, is as follows:
Duplex data system: since block chain is an ever-increasing, retrospective database, so not needing all
System data be all put into block chain and store.Verifying abstract, data directory etc. are stored in block chain, specific medical information
(patient information, symptom, prescription etc.) will be stored in general relevant database.
Multichain design: being designed by multichain, can greatly promote treatment effeciency, realize case history index summary data it is quick on
It passes.And multistage supervision can be realized using multichain, make supervision more high efficient and flexible.
Intelligent Contract Design: goal systems major function can realize by intelligent contract and be completed, unified contract template with
Behavior reduces manpower consumption, guarantees public credibility.
It audits and is designed from supervision: object being accessed by the block chain to different identity, different access authority are set.
Expansible design: block chain structure uses expansible design, makes it have scalability, can carry out flexible deployment.
It is designed for block chain structure, referring to Fig. 6, three parts of structure point of block, first part is the head of block,
Abbreviation build.Head resting period stamp, the height of block, the cryptographic Hash of proparea block header, block cryptographic Hash, block producer,
The root of case history tree, the root of State Tree, version number, extended code (for later extension)；Second part storage is the upper of block
It passes result (non-hash), is not belonging to head；What last part was stored is specific data directory record, the data of the block
Abstract etc..Due to including the cryptographic Hash on previous block head in block, then block is able to organize with chain structure, by
This constitutes block chain structure.
Referring to Fig. 7, since the information such as index, the abstract of current medical record are all mapped as MySQL information table, in order to incite somebody to action
It is mapped as the state root field in block, and all records in several MySQL information tables are mapped as being stored in by this subsystem
State Tree in levelDB (the persistence K-V database of Google open source), as shown in fig. 7, then the tree root of the State Tree is pair
Answer the state root in block.
For the design of case history structure as shown in figure 8, Sender indicates the sender of case history；Receiver indicates connecing for case history
Receipts person；Nonce is the serial number safeguarded by sender, prevents from reprocessing；Authority is permission control；Data is used for
Store EMR data index and abstract and other information；Extra is for storing other data；The signature of sign expression sender.
Block chain subsystem starts to build block according to the request that user sends, and builds block method and includes the following steps: (1) each meter
Operator node can all receive user request information, by having untreated case history in timeout time and buffer area, jump to (2)；
(2) node issues prepropose and instructs and vote the case history received, the specific section selected later using polling algorithm
Point starts calculation block after the prepropose instruction that specific node receives+2/3, the case history voted through is put into block
In, and other nodes in system are broadcast to, while sending voted command, the step of calculation block includes: (2-1) according to this
The newest block of ground storage, fills the field values such as block height, the proparea block header cryptographic Hash of block to be built；(2-2) will be sick
The case history tissue for going through buffer area is State Tree, is stored to the case history area of block, and the tree root of the tree is stored in case history root field
In；(2-3) finally fills the field values such as case history producer public key, timestamp, version number and extended code, and so far block has constructed
At；(3) after node receives block and voted command, if the block received is locked, to area without locking any block at this time
Block correctness is verified and is voted, and ballot is then broadcast to other nodes in system；If have at this time locking block and
The round of the block received is greater than the round of Current lock block, then locks the block received and broadcast ballot, the verifying
It include the following: the cryptographic Hash that (3-1) verifies the proparea block header stored in the block, if with the newest block that is locally stored
Block head cryptographic Hash is consistent；(3-2) verifies the timestamp stored in the block, if than the newest block that is locally stored when
Between stab later；(3-3) verifies the block height stored in the block, if than the newest block being locally stored block height more
It is high；(3-4) votes for for the block, otherwise votes against if above-mentioned verifying is all correct；(4) when node receives+1/3 pair
When the negative vote of Current lock block, unlocks block and be ready for next round；When node receives+2/3 pair of Current lock block
Affirmative vote when, if father's block of this block also in local block chain, block is charged in local block chain and unlocks area
Otherwise block broadcasts the message to obtain missing block, the voting results received is broadcast to other nodes later；If overtime, solve
Lock block is simultaneously ready for next round；(5) after each node receives all voting results, the voting results of each node are compared,
Have following four kinds of situations: if (a) some node issue different nodes be different voting results, this node is just
It is considered as " traitor " node；If (b) node is different from most of node voting results, its prestige point is halved
Processing；If (c) a node voting results are consistent with final result, and it is consistent to vote, then slightly rises to its prestige point；
It votes if (d) node only sends out part of nodes, its prestige point is reduced；(6) finally, confirming to all voting results
Afterwards, each node sends feedback message.,
Since this project uses duplex data system storing data, the important informations such as the index of case history and abstract are stored in area
On block chain, and specific medical record data is then stored in the local data base of hospital.It therefore is the number of block chain and local data base
Corresponding interactive interface, and compatible original emr system are provided according to interaction, realizes that block chain is compatible with original emr system, reaches
The target of compatible design is arrived.Also, the interface for checking block chain subsystem related data is provided for application system programmer, is
Existing emr system provides relevant compatibility interface, and block chain and emr system is facilitated to carry out data interaction.
Two, authentication subsystem
There are most important three identity in medical system: patient, doctor and defending planning commission, pacifies to the identity of three
Entirely, reliably certification is to realize the premise of electronic health record permission, and the object of safety certification is patient, doctor and defends planning commission, this
Embodiment system is traditional using sides such as the mobile phone used user certification, mailbox certification or bank's qualification certifications using being different from
Method, but use the reliable authentication of digital signature technology realization identity.Digital signature is by utilizing the technology of cryptography, when use
Information has uniqueness for signer, with anti-counterfeiting and denies.Digital signature meets signature more accurately
Not imitability.Because either construct new message by later digital signature, or it is false by construction one
Number signs to given message, and it is computationally infeasible to forge a digital signature.It generates, identification and verifying number are signed
Name is relatively simple, and can be backed up in storage backup, more convenient to use, flexible.
With traditional identity authentication method, digital signature identification provides a kind of safer security mechanism, and then guarantees disease
It counts evidence, the integrality and authenticity of hospital's prescription one by one, can test to the true source of case history, prescription, request.
(1) referring to Fig. 9, about the flow chart for defending planning commission's authentication, Wei Jiwei possesses supervision and audit case history is complete
Property and authenticity unit, authentication is most important, defend planning commission issue it is any supervision or audit request require using
Its private key is encrypted, to generate inquiry certificate.Execution side receive inquiry certificate after can be used defend planning commission's public key verifications should
Whether inquiry is issued by defending planning commission, and extracts inquiry content.Identity identifying method based on digital signature is issued for defending planning commission
Inquiry request, the authenticity and integrity of executor's revene lookup can be allowed, without worrying that inquiry request is tampered either
It forges, the safety of the identity authority management effectively increased.
(2) prescription authenticates, and realizes that the link of " medicine separate " most critical is that verifying prescription authenticity and complete is provided to pharmacy
The method of whole property, pharmacy can provide ethical goods after the authenticity and integrality of verifying prescription for patient, based on number
The prescription authentication mechanism of signature can effectively prevent the appearance of false prescription, can track prescription, find the hospital for outputing prescription,
The doctor even to prescribe prevents write a prescription excessively object, illegal the phenomenon that purchasing medicine.The realization and defend planning commission's authentication that prescription authenticates
Similar, doctor outputs prescription and must be encrypted by the private key of oneself to prescription, and pharmacy is complete to its prescription using doctor's public key
It at decryption, verifies authenticity and extracts prescription content, complete the business for selling drug.Prescription certification based on digital signature is more
Securely and reliably, convenient intuitive.Prescription can not be tampered and forge.Pharmacy sells drug, and there has also been true and reliable foundations.
Three, intelligent contract subsystem
Block chain medical system designs according to different business demand and generates corresponding intelligent contract template, by participant
After signature authorization, it is published to after node verification on block chain.When executing related service, template is called by system authorization,
Template is filled according to specific service conditions, generates intelligent contract, and be uploaded on block chain.Finally when contract receive it is specified
After trigger condition, treaty content is executed automatically, and save implementing result.As shown in Figure 10, intelligent contract subsystem mainly includes
Four functions: template generates the generation and execution with publication and contract.
Intelligent contract is divided into two major class by the present embodiment, one kind be basic contract, including registration contract, summary contract with
And medical treatment contract；Another kind of is traffic contract, according to business scenario, sets 4 kinds of intelligent contract templates, respectively supervision is closed
About, contract, insurance contract and purchase medicine contract are shared.
(1) framework contract: framework contract mainly provides user's registration and logs in block chain medical system and manage itself doctor
Functions such as account (case history accounts) are treated, and the function of calling specific medical records by case history index in medical account is provided.Basis
Contract mainly includes 3 contracts: registration contract, summary contract and medical treatment contract.Each contract relation is as shown in figure 11.
(1) it registers contract: registering contract and be user's registration or used when logging in block chain medical record system, it is main
Have recorded the mapping relations of user and user identity identification two dimensional code and user's medical treatment account.The contract inputs body by user
Part information triggering (if user terminal is designed as mobile phone app, inputting identity information can be fingerprint or account number cipher), according to identity
Information from block chain read block chain in user two dimensional code and user profile contract.
(2) summary contract: summary contract mainly saves medical treatment contract address and medical treatment contract state, predominantly user mention
For the function of managed care account.User can check the medical records of oneself according to the medical treatment contract call by location contract, and can
With the medical treatment record for changing medical treatment contract state to authenticate oneself.
(3) medical treatment contract: medical treatment contract mainly saves the contract owner, and corresponding permission License Info and electronics
Medical records index and the Hash hashed value corresponding to it, the contract owner are medical treatment patient.Permission License Info defines
The access authority for the electronic medical record that third party saves the contract.Electronic medical record index located electron medical treatment note
The specific location (i.e. the local data base address of patient's medical treatment hospital) of address book stored, Hash hash are mainly locally extracted to from hospital
Medical data verified.The contract is called by user, is executed within the scope of corresponding authority according to the provided information of user
Operation, from the medical records that can be obtained in calling and obtaining user extent of competence in hospital's local data base, and using Hash hash into
After row verifying, back in the client of user.
(4) framework contract relationship: illustrated between framework contract by a simple scenario applied by the embodiment here
Relationship, as shown in figure 11.Patient A once saw a doctor in C institute, now saw a doctor into B institute.The registered medical treatment account of patient A, arrives C institute
In after, C institute wants to check the medical records that A is previous.A logs in medical block chain app, has invoked registration contract, contract using fingerprint
The summary contract for having invoked A returns the information of medical treatment account and the two dimensional code of A.Hospital is seen a doctor by B institute in input A account
The contract is called in contract address, and scans the two dimensional code of A, carries out authorization, B institute medical treatment contract is according to provided identity
Authorizing information has recalled to the medical records (having verified that) of A from the local data base of B institute, and C institute carries out A according to the medical records
Better treatment.After the completion of C sees a doctor, the medical records of A is made as C institute medical treatment contract and is uploaded to medical chain A by C, and A is just
Doctor's account is updated, and has had more a C institute medical treatment contract address, and state is to be confirmed.The summary contract checking of A arrives
The medical treatment account of A changes, and notice A is checked, A authenticates the medical treatment contract, state after confirmation medical records is errorless
Become having authenticated.
(2) traffic contract: traffic contract mainly according to business scenario, sets 4 kinds of intelligent contract templates, respectively supervises
Pipe contract, shared contract, insurance contract and purchase medicine contract.
(1) supervise contract: supervision contract is applied in the scene for defending supervision of the planning commission to medical chain and EMR.Supervision is closed
The content of template about is formulated by defending planning commission personnel, and after the completion of formulation, Wei Jiwei personnel are uploaded to medical chain after verifying authorization
On.When defending planning commission's processing regulator affairs, calls supervision contract template to fill in template content according to specific requirements, complete
Authorization is uploaded on medical chain afterwards, and calls execution.Contract obtains corresponding medical data, and is handled, and processing result is returned,
As shown in figure 15.
(2) share contract: shared contract is applied in the shared scene of patient EMR authorization, including family doctor obtains and suffers from
Person's case history, patient stratification's treatment and pregnant woman enclose production inspection etc..The template content of shared contract is formulated by relevant healthcare institution,
After the completion of formulation, authorization is uploaded on medical chain.If third party wants to obtain patient's correlation medical record information, can be according to specific requirements
Data fill in template and form shared contract, are uploaded on medical chain and execute after patient's authorization.Contract calls base according to its content
Medical treatment contract in plinth contract fetches corresponding medical record data from patient medical record by patient's authorization in the database of hospital.
The legal understanding patient medical record of third party is helped, helps patient's treatment, as shown in Figures 12 and 13.
(3) insurance contract: insurance contract is applied in the scene of medical insurance reparation, and insurance contract template content is by insuring
Company formulates, and after the completion of formulation, authorization is uploaded on medical chain.Patient, can be common when signing contract with insurance company
Contract template is filled in, insurance contract is formed, rear both sides' authorization is uploaded on medical chain.After patient discharge, insurance contract is executed, is closed
It is about authorized by patient, medical data is obtained from medical treatment hospital using the medical treatment contract in framework contract, after calculating
Obtain insured amount, after establish insurance company and the payment channel of patient, complete insurance money payment, as shown in figure 16.
(4) purchase medicine contract: purchase medicine contract apply patient using prescription purchase medicine scene in, purchase medicine contract template content by
Hospital formulates, and after the completion of formulation, authorization is uploaded on medical chain.When patient purchases medicine, mould is filled according to patient profiles by pharmacy
Version forms purchase medicine contract, is uploaded on medical chain after patient authorizes.Contract licenses the medical treatment in the conjunction of basis by patient
Contract obtains prescription provided by patient's medical treatment hospital, and pharmacy sells medicine to patient, as shown in figure 14 by prescription.
To sum up it can be seen that, the present invention is the intelligent medical treatment system based on block chain, for existing medical industry pain spot,
Propose the combination of block chain, intelligent contract and conditional electronic medical management system.In this novel medical management system,
The most important application of block chain is the preservation to personal medical records, it can be understood as the electronic health record on block chain.If
Case history is imagined as an account book, it rests in each hospital on hand originally, and patient does not grasp oneself, so patient does not just have
There is method to obtain oneself medical records and account of the history, this, which sees a doctor to patient, will cause very big puzzlement, because doctor can not
The detailed medical history taking for recognizing you.Electron medical treatment medical records system based on block chain technology can effectively ensure that medical history information
Authenticity and integrity.On the basis of complete and reliable recording case history, the management of case history permission is realized using intelligent contract.
Based on the distributed electronic record management system of block chain technology, data record that is comprehensive, can not distorting is provided for patient, simultaneously
It realizes across mechanism, access to cross-region medical treatment & health data, its true, privacy, accountability is guaranteed to sensitive medical information.Due to
The characteristic of block chain ensure that the characteristic that can not distort for the data being stored in block chain, then realize complexity by intelligent contract
Rights management guarantees control to data-privacy, can provide controllable flow of the medical data between multiple mechanisms and fill
The safety of code insurance card medical data.In addition, the system also provides true and reliable medical information for hospital management；It is being related to medical treatment
When dispute, electronic health record is to aid in the important evidence for determining legal liabilities again；In medical insurance, case history is related medical payment
Authority.
Although the present invention is described by reference to specific illustrative embodiments, these embodiments are not will receive
Restriction and only limited by accessory claim.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that can be without departing from of the invention
Change and modification are able to carry out to the embodiment of the present invention in the case where protection scope and spirit.
Claims (10)
1. the medical management system based on block chain, characterized by comprising:
(1) block chain subsystem is indexed for storage section electronic medical record information, verifying abstract, electronic medical record, with
Original electronic medical record (EMR) system compatible；
(2) authentication subsystem is used for user's registration, safety certification and key management；
(3) intelligent contract subsystem purchases medicine for realizing government's (Wei Jiwei) medical data supervision and management, prescription certification, prescription
The shared function of function, medical insurance reparation and patient medical record authorization, the medical management system based on block chain provide intelligence
Contract writes, combines, the tool of Formal Verification and generation, and by formalization method, manages the description of intelligent contract, builds
Mould, verifying, generation and the Life cycle of execution；
(4) EMR subsystem for storing specific electronic medical record, and provides management and inquires the service of electronic medical record.
2. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to be based on block
The medical management system of chain further includes communication module, real-time for the information between user and server, server and server
With interactively communicating for safety.
3. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the block chain
System includes block chain management module, consistency module, AM access module, block chain memory module and communication protocol module.
4. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the block chain
System arrangement is divided into two kinds, respectively single-stranded small-scale deployment and multi-mode large scale deployment.
5. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: the area
Block chain subsystem starts to build block according to the request that user sends, and builds block method and includes the following steps: that (1) each calculate node can
User request information is received, by having untreated case history in timeout time and buffer area, jumps to (2)；(2) node issues
Prepropose is instructed and is voted the case history received, the specific node selected later using polling algorithm, when specific section
The prepropose that point receives+2/3 starts calculation block after instructing, and the case history voted through is put into block, and is broadcast to
The step of other nodes in system, while sending voted command, the calculation block includes: (2-1) according to being locally stored most
New block fills the field values such as block height, the proparea block header cryptographic Hash of block to be built；(2-2) is by case history buffer area
Case history tissue is State Tree, is stored to the case history area of block, and the tree root of the tree is stored in case history root field；(2-3) most
The field values such as case history producer public key, timestamp, version number and extended code are filled afterwards, and so far block building is completed；(3) work as node
After receiving block and voted command, if locking the block received without locking any block at this time, being carried out to block correctness
It verifies and votes, ballot is then broadcast to other nodes in system；If having the block for locking block and receiving at this time
Round is greater than the round of Current lock block, then locks the block received and broadcast ballot, the verifying includes the following: (3-
1) cryptographic Hash of the proparea block header stored in the block is verified, if the block head Hash with the newest block being locally stored
Value is consistent；(3-2) verifies the timestamp stored in the block, if than the newest block being locally stored timestamp later；(3-
3) the block height stored in the block is verified, if the block height of the newest block than being locally stored is higher；(3-4) if on
It is all correct to state verifying, then votes for for the block, otherwise votes against；(4) when node receives+1/3 pair of Current lock block
Negative vote when, unlock block simultaneously be ready for next round；When node receives the affirmative vote of+2/3 pair of Current lock block, if
Block also in local block chain, is then charged in local block chain and unlocks block by father's block of this block, and otherwise broadcast disappears
The voting results received are broadcast to other nodes later to obtain missing block by breath；If overtime, unlock block and prepare into
Row next round；(5) after each node receives all voting results, the voting results of each node are compared, there are following four kinds of situations:
If what (a) some node issued different nodes is different voting results, this node is just considered as " traitor " section
Point；If (b) node is different from most of node voting results, its prestige point is carried out halving processing；If (c) one
A node voting results are consistent with final result, and it is consistent to vote, then slightly rise to its prestige point；If (d) node
Only part of nodes is sent out and is voted, then its prestige point is reduced；(6) finally, each node is sent out after to the confirmation of all voting results
Send feedback message.
6. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the authentication
Subsystem includes that user registration module, security authentication module and key issue module.
7. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the authentication
Subsystem realizes the reliable authentication of identity using digital signature technology, including to defending planning commission's authentication and to the certification of prescription.
8. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the intelligence contract
Subsystem includes template generation module, template release module, contract generation module and contract execution module.
9. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the intelligence contract
Including framework contract and traffic contract, the framework contract includes registration contract, summary contract and medical treatment contract, the business
Contract includes supervision contract, shared contract, insurance contract and purchase medicine contract.
10. a kind of medical management system based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electronics doctor
Treating record system includes medical records storage module, medical record management module and case history enquiry module.
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