CN109632237B - System and method for accurately adjusting air flow parameters of arc heater - Google Patents

System and method for accurately adjusting air flow parameters of arc heater Download PDF

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CN109632237B
CN109632237B CN201811494268.XA CN201811494268A CN109632237B CN 109632237 B CN109632237 B CN 109632237B CN 201811494268 A CN201811494268 A CN 201811494268A CN 109632237 B CN109632237 B CN 109632237B
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air flow
enthalpy
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CN109632237A (en
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曾徽
欧东斌
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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    • G01M9/04—Details
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    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means

Abstract

The invention relates to an accurate adjustment system and an adjustment method for the airflow parameters of an arc heater, wherein the system comprises a mixing pressure stabilizing chamber, a heat flow measuring device, a pressure measuring device, a flow adjusting device and a data analysis terminal, the system accurately sets the running current and the proportion of cold air and hot air in the simulation test process of the arc heater based on the accurate calculation of the ground simulation test state of the arc heater and the quantitative relation of the working characteristics of the arc heater, thereby rapidly completing the adjustment of the enthalpy value and the heat flow of the airflow to be simulated by the arc heater, the method can rapidly finish debugging a test state (enthalpy and heat flow) by 1-2 times, greatly improve the debugging efficiency of the electric arc heater, accelerate the progress of an engineering model test, the method is suitable for adjusting the airflow parameters of various types of arc heaters such as alternating current heaters, tubular heaters, segmented heaters, laminated heaters and the like which are common at present.

Description

System and method for accurately adjusting air flow parameters of arc heater
Technical Field
The invention relates to an arc heater ground test, in particular to an accurate adjustment system and an accurate adjustment method for air flow parameters of an arc heater, and belongs to the field of aircraft ground aerodynamic heat test research.
Background
The electric arc wind tunnel is important ground test equipment for researching reentry and thermal protection of the hypersonic aircraft, and is one of key technologies and core competitiveness for space exploration in various aerospace countries. The hypersonic aerocraft enters the atmosphere again, the temperature after the shock wave can reach thousands or even tens of thousands K due to strong shock wave and viscous stagnation, and the aerocraft is subjected to severe pneumatic heating. The electric arc heater breaks down a test medium through the front electrode and the rear electrode to form electric arcs, the test gas is heated to generate high-temperature airflow, the conditions of the aircraft re-entering a flow field are simulated, and the ground test of the aircraft heat-proof research is carried out.
The existing electric arc heater devices mainly have tube type, subsection, AC and lamination modes, cover various ranges from low enthalpy (0-6MJ/kg), medium enthalpy (8-12MJ/kg) and high enthalpy (12-20MJ/kg), and the simulation capacity of the heat inflow flow also ranges from low heat flow (kW magnitude) to high heat flow (tens of MW magnitude). The regulation of the aerodynamic hot ground test conditions follows the following basic procedure: and selecting a proper spray pipe according to the size of the model, performing preliminary calculation of a test state, and calculating the total gas flow required by the heater in the state according to the total enthalpy of the gas and the heat flow of the cold wall which need to be simulated. The magnitude of the air flow is actually related to the mach number Ma, prandtl Pr, specific heat ratio r, viscosity coefficient μ, etc. of the selected nozzle. The conventional calculation method is that each step is manually checked, the method is complicated and low in efficiency, errors can be introduced into each step, the difference between the actually calculated flow value and the flow value required by an actual test is huge, meanwhile, due to the fact that quantitative relations among simulation enthalpy values and heat flow parameters required by examination of pneumatic heat-proof materials and operation parameters of electric arc heaters and mass flows are lacked in the existing research, the test debugging adopts a first-step trial and error and a subsequent successive approximation method, the simulation of a test state can be completed by multiple vehicle times, and the test debugging efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the arc heater, which accurately gives the running current and the proportion of cold air and hot air in the simulation test process of the arc heater based on the accurate calculation of the ground simulation test state of the arc heater and by combining the quantitative relation of the working characteristics of the arc heater, thereby quickly completing the adjustment of the enthalpy value and the heat flow of the air flow to be simulated by the arc heater, greatly improving the adjustment efficiency of the arc heater and accelerating the progress of the engineering model test.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for accurately adjusting arc heater gas flow parameters.
The above purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
accurate governing system of arc heater air current parameter is including mixing surge chamber, heat flow measuring device, pressure measurement device, flow control device and data analysis terminal, wherein:
the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber is used for mixing hot airflow generated by the external arc heater with cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device, and the mixed airflow is expanded and accelerated by the external spray pipe and then forms supersonic airflow at the outlet of the spray pipe;
the heat flow measuring device is arranged at the outlet of the external spray pipe, measures the heat flow value of the supersonic velocity air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal;
the pressure measuring device is used for measuring the pressure in the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber and sending the pressure to the data analysis terminal;
the flow regulating device is used for distributing the mass flow of hot air flow entering the external arc heater and the mass flow of cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber; the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow is sent to a data analysis terminal;
the data analysis terminal is used for calculating the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device; comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and if the two values are consistent, finishing the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow; otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow.
In the above system for accurately adjusting the parameters of the arc heater gas flow, the method for determining the mass flow of the hot gas flow entering the external arc heater and the mass flow of the cold gas flow entering the mixing plenum by the flow adjusting device is as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device
Figure BDA0001896465070000031
Figure BDA0001896465070000032
Wherein: a is the throat area of the outer nozzle, L is the distance from the throat of the outer nozzle to the outlet of the outer nozzle, q0The target heat flow value of the supersonic air flow is shown, and mu and Pr are respectively a viscosity coefficient and a Plantt number of the supersonic air flow;
Hstatic enthalpy、HRecovery enthalpy、HReference enthalpyThe static enthalpy, the recovery enthalpy and the reference enthalpy of the supersonic air flow are respectively expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000033
Figure BDA0001896465070000034
H0the target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞Is the outer nozzle outlet air flow velocity;
(2) according to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000035
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000036
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000037
Obtained by the following method:
Figure BDA0001896465070000038
wherein: hHeat 1Is the enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater.
In the above system for precisely adjusting the parameters of the arc heater airflow, the enthalpy value H of the hot airflow of the external arc heaterHeat 1Obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001896465070000039
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure BDA00018964650700000310
is the mass flow of hot gas flow entering the external arc heater; a and b are respectively the power exponent of current and the power exponent of mass flow.
In the above electricityIn the accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the arc heater, the viscosity coefficient mu, the Plantt number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow in the step (1)Static enthalpyVelocity V of air flow∞The specific calculation method is as follows:
(1) calculating gas thermophysical parameters of an air test medium by utilizing NASA-CEA thermal balance to obtain a quantitative relation of specific heat ratio gamma (T, P), viscosity coefficient mu (T, P), Prandtl Pr (T, P) and enthalpy H (T, P) thermophysical parameters changing along with temperature T and pressure P, and obtaining discrete data of the gas thermophysical parameters in the operating temperature and pressure ranges of the external arc heater (1);
(2) target enthalpy value H based on supersonic airflow0And a given pressure P0Obtaining an initial value T of the total temperature of the supersonic gas flow based on the discrete data of the enthalpy H (T, P)0Using the total static temperature ratio T/T in the thermal complete gas equation of state0Hydrostatic total pressure ratio P/P0The ratio of the outlet-throat area of the outer nozzle (3) to the area of the outer nozzle (A/A)*Obtaining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow by utilizing the quantitative relation between the two, and utilizing the area ratio A/A of the outlet and the throat*And the specific heat ratio gamma (T, P) to obtain a Mach number Ma;
(3) obtaining the viscosity coefficient mu, the Prandtl number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow by combining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow according to the quantitative relation of the discrete data of mu (T, P), Pr (T, P) and H (T, P)Static enthalpyA value of (d); obtaining the velocity V of the airflow at the outlet of the external spray pipe (3) based on the static temperature T and the Mach number Ma of the supersonic airflow by utilizing a thermal complete gas state equation∞。
In the system for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater, the data analysis terminal calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow according to the received pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber and the mass flow of the hot gas flow and the cold gas flow distributed by the flow adjusting device by the following specific formula:
Figure BDA0001896465070000041
wherein：H1Is the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow; a. the*Is the throat area of the outer nozzle;
Figure BDA0001896465070000042
total mass flow of the gas stream: p1Is the pressure in the hybrid surge chamber.
In the accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the electric arc heater, the data analysis terminal compares the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, compares the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with the target heat flow value, judges that the two values are consistent if the deviation of the two values is within 5 percent, and completes the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow.
In the system for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the arc heater, the data analysis terminal carries out secondary air flow parameter debugging, and the specific method for accurately adjusting the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow is as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device during the second air flow parameter debugging
Figure BDA0001896465070000051
Figure BDA0001896465070000052
Wherein: sigma2Flow coefficient, σ, for second air flow parameter adjustment1Flow coefficient when debugging the first air flow parameter;
Figure BDA0001896465070000053
total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device during the first adjustment of the air flow parameters
Figure BDA0001896465070000054
(2) According to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000055
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000056
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000057
Obtained by the following method:
Figure BDA0001896465070000058
Figure BDA0001896465070000059
wherein: h0Target enthalpy value, H, for supersonic air flowHeat 2The enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater during the second air flow parameter debugging;
(3) setting a current value I required by the second air flow parameter debugging2，I2The following formula is adopted:
Figure BDA00018964650700000510
Figure BDA00018964650700000511
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure BDA00018964650700000512
is the mass flow of hot gas flow entering the external arc heater; a and b are respectively a current power exponent and a mass flow power exponent;
(4) the data analysis terminal debugs and receives the mass flow of the hot air flow distributed by the pressure and flow regulating device in the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber according to the second test
Figure BDA00018964650700000513
Mass flow of cold air flow
Figure BDA00018964650700000514
The specific formula for calculating the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow is as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000061
wherein: h2The total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow during the second test debugging; a. the*The throat area of the outer nozzle;
Figure BDA0001896465070000062
total mass flow of the air flow during the second test commissioning: p2The pressure in the mixed surge chamber during the second test debugging.
(5) And the total enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow during the second test and debugging2And the heat flow value measured by the heat flow measuring device is used as a final air flow adjusting parameter during the second air flow parameter debugging, so that the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow is completed.
In the above system for precisely adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater, the flow coefficient σ in the step (1)1、σ2Obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001896465070000063
Figure BDA0001896465070000064
Figure BDA0001896465070000065
Figure BDA0001896465070000066
Figure BDA0001896465070000067
Figure BDA0001896465070000068
wherein: q. q.s1Heat flow value, q, of supersonic air flow at first air flow parameter adjustment0The target heat flow value of the supersonic air flow is obtained. Mu.s1,Pr1Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, mu, of the supersonic air flow at the time of the first adjustment of the air flow parameter2,Pr2Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, H of the supersonic air flow during the second air flow parameter adjustmentStatic enthalpy 1、HRecovery of enthalpy 1、HReference enthalpy 1The static enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, H, of the supersonic flow during the first flow parameter adjustmentStatic enthalpy 2、HRecovery enthalpy 2、HReference enthalpy 2The static enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, V, of the supersonic flow during the second flow parameter adjustment∞1The velocity of the air at the outlet of the external lance, V, being adjusted for the first air flow parameter∞2The velocity of the outer nozzle exit gas flow at the time of second gas flow parameter adjustment; h0The target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞Is the jet exit gas velocity.
In the accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the electric arc heater, the heat flow measuring device and the supersonic air flow at the outlet of the external spray pipe form a certain angle, and the angle is 0-20 degrees.
In the system for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the arc heater, the data analysis terminal is based on an excel, matlab or C software development environment.
In the accurate governing system of above-mentioned electric arc heater air current parameter, heat flow measuring device is dull and stereotyped stopper formula heat probe, and dull and stereotyped main part is the stainless steel, and heat probe adopts the centre to be red copper cylinder chock, sheathes the structure of glass steel radiation shield, do not conduct heat between red copper cylinder chock of heat measurement and the stainless steel.
The method for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater comprises the following steps:
mixing hot air flow generated by an external arc heater with cold air flow distributed by a flow regulating device in a mixing pressure stabilizing chamber, and expanding and accelerating the mixed air flow through an external spray pipe to form supersonic air flow at an outlet of the spray pipe; the hot air flow generated by the external arc heater is formed by heating the entered test medium after discharge breakdown through a set current value;
step (2), the heat flow measuring device measures the heat flow value of the supersonic velocity air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal; the pressure measuring device measures the pressure in the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber and sends the pressure to the data analysis terminal; the flow regulating device distributes the mass flow of hot air flow entering the external arc heater and the mass flow of cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber, and sends the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow to the data analysis terminal;
step (3), the data analysis terminal calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device; comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and if the two values are consistent, finishing the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow; otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method is based on the accurate calculation of the ground simulation test state of the arc heater, combines the quantitative relation of the working characteristics of the arc heater, and accurately gives the running current and the proportion of cold air and hot air in the simulation test process of the arc heater, thereby quickly completing the debugging of the enthalpy value and the heat flow of the air flow to be simulated by the arc heater.
(2) The accurate airflow parameter adjusting system of the electric arc heater can be practically applied to test debugging of ground examination of the pneumatic heat-proof material, greatly improves the debugging efficiency of the electric arc heater and quickens the progress of engineering model tests.
(3) The method for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the electric arc heater has very wide applicability, can cover various types of electric arc heaters such as alternating current, tubular type, subsection, lamination and the like which are common at present, and can adjust the air flow parameters of various electric arc heaters.
(4) The method for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the electric arc heater can rapidly finish debugging a test state (enthalpy and heat flow) by 1-2 times, and improves the debugging efficiency of a pneumatic heat ground test.
(5) The method for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the electric arc heater is based on the accurate calculation of the thermophysical parameters of the heat balance gas, can realize the accurate quantification of the thermophysical parameters of the test medium under different thermophysical parameters (enthalpy and heat flow), can complete the accurate calculation of the test state, and improves the accuracy of the adjustment of the gas flow parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an accurate adjustment system for gas flow parameters of an arc heater according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for diagnosing operating characteristics of a laminated arc heater according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural layout diagram of an accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the arc heater, and it can be seen that the accurate adjustment system for the air flow parameters of the arc heater comprises a mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2, a heat flow measuring device 4, a pressure measuring device 5, a flow adjusting device 6 and a data analysis terminal 7.
The mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 mixes the hot air flow generated by the external arc heater 1 with the cold air flow distributed by the flow regulating device 6, and the mixed air flow is expanded and accelerated by the external spray pipe 3 to form supersonic air flow at the outlet of the spray pipe 3. The hot air flow generated by the external arc heater 1 is formed by heating the entered test medium after discharge breakdown through a set current value.
And the heat flow measuring device 4 is arranged at the outlet of the external spray pipe 3, measures the heat flow value of the supersonic air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal 7. The heat flow measuring device 4 and the supersonic air flow at the outlet of the external spray pipe 3 form a certain angle, and the angle is 0-20 degrees.
The pressure measuring device 5 measures the pressure in the mixing plenum 2, which is the total pressure upstream of the nozzle 3, and sends it to the data analysis terminal 7.
The flow regulating device 6 is used for distributing the mass flow of the hot air flow entering the external arc heater 1 and the mass flow of the cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2, and sending the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow to the data analysis terminal 7.
The method of determining the mass flow of the hot gas stream entering the external arc heater 1 and the mass flow of the cold gas stream entering the mixing plenum 2, as distributed by the flow regulating device 6, is as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device 6
Figure BDA0001896465070000091
Figure BDA0001896465070000092
Wherein: a is the throat area of the outer nozzle 3, L is the distance from the throat of the outer nozzle 3 to the outlet of the outer nozzle 3, q0The target heat flow value of the supersonic air flow is shown, mu and Pr are respectively a viscosity coefficient and a Plantt number of the supersonic air flow, and the target heat flow and the target enthalpy value are based on the supersonic air flow.
HStatic enthalpy、HRecovery enthalpy、HReference enthalpyThe static enthalpy, the recovery enthalpy and the reference enthalpy of the supersonic air flow are respectively expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000093
Figure BDA0001896465070000094
H0the target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞The velocity of the gas at the outlet of the outer lance 3.
(2) According to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000101
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000102
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000103
Obtained by the following method:
Figure BDA0001896465070000104
wherein: h0Target enthalpy value, H, for supersonic air flowHeat 1Is the enthalpy of the hot air flow of the external arc heater 1.
The enthalpy value H of the hot air flow of the external arc heater 1Heat 1Obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001896465070000105
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure BDA0001896465070000106
to access external electricityMass flow of hot gas flow of the arc heater 1; a and b are respectively the power exponent of current and the power exponent of mass flow.
In the step (1), the viscosity coefficient mu, the prandtl number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flowStatic enthalpyVelocity V of air flow∞The specific calculation method is as follows:
(1.1) calculating the gas thermophysical parameters of the air test medium by using NASA-CEA thermal balance to obtain the quantitative relation of the specific heat ratio gamma (T, P), viscosity coefficient mu (T, P), Prandtl Pr (T, P) and enthalpy H (T, P) thermophysical parameters changing along with the temperature T and the pressure P, and obtaining the discrete data of the gas thermophysical parameters in the operating temperature and pressure ranges of the external arc heater 1;
(1.2) target enthalpy value H based on the supersonic air flow0And a given pressure P0Obtaining an initial value T of the total temperature of the supersonic gas flow based on the discrete data of the enthalpy H (T, P)0Using the total static temperature ratio T/T in the thermal complete gas equation of state0Hydrostatic total pressure ratio P/P0The ratio of the outlet-throat area of the outer nozzle 3 to the area of the outer nozzle A/A*Obtaining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow by utilizing the quantitative relation between the two, and utilizing the area ratio A/A of the outlet and the throat*And the specific heat ratio gamma (T, P) to obtain a Mach number Ma;
(1.3) obtaining the viscosity coefficient mu, the Prandtl number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow by combining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow according to the quantitative relation of the discrete data of mu (T, P), Pr (T, P) and H (T, P)Static enthalpyA value of (d); obtaining the velocity V of the airflow at the outlet of the external nozzle 3 based on the static temperature T and the Mach number Ma of the supersonic airflow by using a thermal complete gas state equation∞。
The data analysis terminal 7 calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device 6; and comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and finishing accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow if the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow is consistent with the target enthalpy value. Otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow.
Firstly, the data analysis terminal 7 calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device 6, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000111
wherein: h1Is the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow; a. the*Is the throat area of the outer lance 3;
Figure BDA0001896465070000112
total mass flow of the gas stream: p1Is the pressure in the mixing plenum 2.
Next, the data analysis terminal 7 compares the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with the target enthalpy value, compares the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with the target heat flow value, and if the deviation of the two values is within 5%, the judgment is consistent, and the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow is completed.
Otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device 6 during the second air flow parameter debugging
Figure BDA0001896465070000113
Figure BDA0001896465070000114
Wherein: sigma2Flow coefficient, σ, for second air flow parameter adjustment1Flow coefficient when debugging the first air flow parameter;
(2) according to the gasTotal mass flow of the stream
Figure BDA0001896465070000115
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000116
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000117
Obtained by the following method:
Figure BDA0001896465070000121
wherein: h0Target enthalpy value, H, for supersonic air flowHeat 2The enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater 1 during the second air flow parameter debugging;
(3) setting a current value I required by the second air flow parameter debugging2，I2The following formula is adopted:
Figure BDA0001896465070000122
Figure BDA0001896465070000123
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure BDA0001896465070000124
is the mass flow of the hot gas stream entering the external arc heater 1; a and b are respectively a current power exponent and a mass flow power exponent;
(4) the data analysis terminal 7 debugs and receives the pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 and the mass flow of the hot air flow distributed by the flow regulating device 6 according to the second test
Figure BDA0001896465070000125
Mass flow of cold air flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000126
The specific formula for calculating the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow is as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000127
wherein: h2The total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow during the second test debugging; a. the*The throat area of the outer nozzle (3);
Figure BDA0001896465070000128
total mass flow of the air flow during the second test commissioning: p2The pressure in the mixing plenum 2 was adjusted for the second test.
(5) The total enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow during the second test debugging2And the heat flow value measured by the heat flow measuring device 4 during the second time of air flow parameter debugging is taken as a final air flow adjusting parameter, so that the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow is completed.
The flow coefficient σ in the step (1) is1、σ2Obtained by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001896465070000129
Figure BDA00018964650700001210
Figure BDA0001896465070000131
Figure BDA0001896465070000132
Figure BDA0001896465070000133
Figure BDA0001896465070000134
wherein: q. q.s1The heat flow value, q, of the supersonic air flow at the time of first air flow parameter adjustment (i.e., at the beginning)0The target heat flow value of the supersonic air flow is obtained. Mu.s1,Pr1Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, mu, of the supersonic air flow at the time of the first adjustment of the air flow parameter2,Pr2Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, H of the supersonic air flow during the second air flow parameter adjustmentStatic enthalpy 1、HRecovery of enthalpy 1、HReference enthalpy 1Static enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, H, of supersonic gas flow during first gas flow parameter adjustmentStatic enthalpy 2、HRecovery enthalpy 2、HReference enthalpy 2Static enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, V, of supersonic flow during secondary flow parameter adjustment∞1The velocity of the air at the outlet of the outer nozzle 3, V, being adjusted for the first air parameter∞2The air flow speed at the outlet of the external nozzle 3 when the secondary air flow parameter is adjusted; h0The target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞Is the velocity of the gas at the outlet of the nozzle 3.
The method for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the electric arc heater can realize that the simulation debugging of the target enthalpy value and the heat flow parameters can be completed by 1-2 vehicle numbers, and the debugging efficiency of the aerodynamic heat ground test is improved.
The electric arc heater 1 is a tubular low-enthalpy electric arc heater, can also be a sectional type medium-enthalpy electric arc heater, and can also be a laminated high-enthalpy electric arc heater.
The heat flow measuring device 4 is a flat plug type heat measuring probe, the flat main body is made of stainless steel, the heat measuring probe adopts a structure that a red copper cylindrical plug block is arranged in the middle and a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation sleeve is sleeved on the red copper cylindrical plug block, and heat conduction between the red copper plug block for heat measurement and the stainless steel is confirmed.
The data analysis terminal can extract and analyze data based on software development environments such as excel, matlab or C.
The invention takes a 12MW tubular electric arc heater as an example, combines the knowledge of the test state calculation process, all test parameters are obtained based on the heat balance calculation, all intermediate variable values can be obtained through the NASA-CEA heat balance calculation, and therefore, the air and CO in the operation range (0.01-100atm and 200K-10000K) of the electric arc heater are calculated2And the gas thermophysical parameters of various common test media can complete the accurate calculation of the test state. Meanwhile, the input parameters of the operation of the arc heater only comprise two parameters of current and mass flow, and the accurate calculation of the cold air, hot air ratio and set current of the arc heater can be completed by establishing the quantitative relation between the enthalpy value of the air flow of the arc heater and the current and the mass flow, so that the accurate and quick adjustment of the air flow parameters of the arc heater is realized.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater according to the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
mixing hot air flow generated by an external arc heater 1 with cold air flow distributed by a flow regulating device 6 in a mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2, and expanding and accelerating the mixed air flow through an external spray pipe 3 to form supersonic air flow at an outlet of the spray pipe 3; the hot air flow generated by the external arc heater 1 is formed by heating the entered test medium after discharge breakdown through a set current value.
Step (2), the heat flow measuring device 4 measures the heat flow value of the supersonic velocity air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal 7; the pressure measuring device 5 measures the pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 and sends the pressure to the data analysis terminal 7; the flow regulating device 6 distributes the mass flow of the hot air flow entering the external arc heater 1 and the mass flow of the cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2, and sends the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow to the data analysis terminal 7.
Step (3), the data analysis terminal 7 calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber 2 and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device 6; comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and if the two values are consistent, finishing the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow; otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow.
The specific implementation method of each step is described in the above description of the system for accurately adjusting the gas flow parameters of the arc heater, and is not described herein again.
Above HHeat 1Enthalpy value, H, of hot gas flow of external arc heater 1 during first-time adjustment of gas flow parametersHeat 2For the enthalpy value of the hot air flow of the external arc heater 1 during the second air flow parameter debugging, the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000151
Figure BDA0001896465070000152
wherein: a and b are respectively a current power exponent and a mass flow power exponent obtained by fitting, and the power exponents can be obtained by means of a laminated arc heater working characteristic diagnosis system, so that H is obtainedHeat 1And HHeat 2The specific method is as follows:
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation characteristic diagnosing system of the laminated arc heater according to the present invention, which includes a power supply system 12, a pressure measuring device 14, a flow measuring device 15 and a data analyzing terminal 16.
The data analysis terminal 16 receives the current value I set by the power supply system 12 and the pressure P measured by the pressure measuring device 14 and downstream of the front electrode of the external arc heater 110And the excess of the outlet of the external nozzle 13 measured by the flow measuring device 15Mass flow of sonic flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000159
The data analysis terminal 16 is based on the pressure P downstream of the front electrode of the external arc heater 110And mass flow of supersonic air flow at the outlet of the outer nozzle 13
Figure BDA00018964650700001510
Obtaining the enthalpy value H of the air flow0To obtain the enthalpy value H of the airflow0The specific method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001896465070000153
wherein: a is the throat area of the outer nozzle 13.
Data analysis terminal 16 for current value I and mass flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000154
And corresponding enthalpy value H of the air flow0Fitting to obtain current value I and air flow enthalpy value H respectively0Power exponent coefficient a and mass flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000155
Enthalpy value H of air flow0The power exponent coefficient b, the quantitative relational expression of the operating characteristics of the external arc heater 1 is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0001896465070000156
in practical application, the current value I of the external arc heater 11 and the mass flow of the test medium are used
Figure BDA0001896465070000157
Using a quantitative relational expression of the operating characteristics of the external arc heater 11
Figure BDA0001896465070000158
Directly determining air flow enthalpy value parameter H to be simulated in examination of pneumatic heat-proof material0。
The supersonic air flow at the outlet of the external spray pipe 13 sets current I through a power supply system 12, and the electric arc is generated by the discharge breakdown between the front electrode and the rear electrode of the external electric arc heater 11 to the incoming mass flow
Figure BDA0001896465070000161
Is heated and then expanded and accelerated through the outer nozzle 13 and then formed at the nozzle outlet.
The external electric arc heater 11 is a high enthalpy laminated electric arc heater with enthalpy value ranging from 8 MJ/kg to 20 MJ/kg.
The pressure measuring device 14 is a YZD-2B type pressure sensor, and the measuring range covers 0-100 kPa to 0-15 MPa.
The flow rate measuring device 15 is a sonic nozzle; the sonic nozzle mass flow measurement is obtained by the nozzle upstream pressure and nozzle throat area, and the sonic nozzle upstream-downstream pressure ratio is greater than 2.
The data analysis terminal 16 is based on a matlab, originlab or excel software development environment.
The above description is only for the best mode of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.

Claims (11)

1. Accurate governing system of electric arc heater air current parameter which characterized in that: including mixing surge chamber (2), heat flow measuring device (4), pressure measurement device (5), flow regulator (6) and data analysis terminal (7), wherein:
the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) mixes hot airflow generated by the external arc heater (1) with cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device (6), and the mixed airflow is expanded and accelerated by the external spray pipe (3) to form supersonic airflow at the outlet of the spray pipe (3);
the heat flow measuring device (4) is arranged at the outlet of the external spray pipe (3), measures the heat flow value of the supersonic air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal (7);
the pressure measuring device (5) is used for measuring the pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and sending the pressure to the data analysis terminal (7);
the flow regulating device (6) is used for distributing the mass flow of hot air flow entering the external arc heater (1) and the mass flow of cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2); the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow is sent to a data analysis terminal (7);
the data analysis terminal (7) is used for calculating the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device (6); comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and if the two values are consistent, finishing the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow; otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow;
the flow regulating device (6) distributes the mass flow of hot air flow entering the external arc heater (1) and the mass flow of cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) to determine the method as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device (6)
Figure FDA0003006220880000011
Figure FDA0003006220880000012
Wherein: a is the throat area of the outer nozzle, L is the distance from the throat of the outer nozzle to the outlet of the outer nozzle, q0Target heat flow for supersonic air flowThe values of mu and Pr are respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number of the supersonic air flow;
Hstatic enthalpy、HRecovery enthalpy、HReference enthalpyThe static enthalpy, the recovery enthalpy and the reference enthalpy of the supersonic air flow are respectively expressed as follows:
Figure FDA0003006220880000021
Figure FDA0003006220880000022
H0the target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞Is the outer nozzle outlet air flow velocity;
(2) according to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000026
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000028
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000027
Obtained by the following method:
Figure FDA0003006220880000023
wherein: hHeat 1Is the enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater.
2. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the enthalpy value H of the hot air flow of the external arc heater (1)Heat 1By the following formulaObtaining:
Figure FDA0003006220880000024
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure FDA0003006220880000025
is the mass flow of hot gas flow entering the external arc heater; a and b are respectively the power exponent of current and the power exponent of mass flow.
3. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the viscosity coefficient mu, the prandtl number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow in the step (1)Static enthalpyVelocity V of air flow∞The specific calculation method is as follows:
(1) calculating gas thermophysical parameters of an air test medium by utilizing NASA-CEA thermal balance to obtain a quantitative relation of specific heat ratio gamma (T, P), viscosity coefficient mu (T, P), Prandtl number Pr (T, P) and enthalpy H (T, P) thermophysical parameters changing along with temperature T and pressure P, and obtaining discrete data of the gas thermophysical parameters in the operating temperature and pressure ranges of the external arc heater (1);
(2) target enthalpy value H based on supersonic airflow0And a given pressure P0Obtaining an initial value T of the total temperature of the supersonic gas flow based on the discrete data of the enthalpy H (T, P)0Using the total static temperature ratio T/T in the thermal complete gas equation of state0Hydrostatic total pressure ratio P/P0The ratio of the outlet-throat area of the outer nozzle (3) to the area of the outer nozzle (A/A)*Obtaining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow by utilizing the quantitative relation between the two, and utilizing the area ratio A/A of the outlet and the throat*And the specific heat ratio gamma (T, P) to obtain a Mach number Ma;
(3) obtaining the viscosity coefficient mu, the Prandtl number Pr and the static enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow by combining the static temperature T and the static pressure P of the supersonic air flow according to the quantitative relation of the discrete data of mu (T, P), Pr (T, P) and H (T, P)Static enthalpyA value of (d); obtaining the velocity V of the airflow at the outlet of the external spray pipe (3) based on the static temperature T and the Mach number Ma of the supersonic airflow by utilizing a thermal complete gas state equation∞。
4. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the data analysis terminal (7) calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and the mass flow of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device (6) by the following specific formula:
Figure FDA0003006220880000031
wherein: h1Is the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow; a. the*Is the throat area of the outer nozzle;
Figure FDA0003006220880000032
total mass flow of the gas stream: p1Is the pressure in the hybrid surge chamber.
5. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: and the data analysis terminal (7) compares the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, compares the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, judges that the two values are consistent if the deviation of the two values is within 5 percent, and completes the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow value of the air flow.
6. The system for precisely adjusting the air flow parameters of an arc heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the data analysis terminal (7) carries out secondary air flow parameter debugging, and the specific method for finishing accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow is as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device (6) during the second air flow parameter debugging
Figure FDA0003006220880000041
Figure FDA0003006220880000042
Wherein: sigma2Flow coefficient, σ, for second air flow parameter adjustment1Flow coefficient when debugging the first air flow parameter;
(2) according to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000043
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000044
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000045
Obtained by the following method:
Figure FDA0003006220880000046
Figure FDA0003006220880000047
wherein: h0Target enthalpy value, H, for supersonic air flowHeat 2The enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater during the second air flow parameter debugging;
(3) setting a current value I required by the second air flow parameter debugging2，I2The following formula is adopted:
Figure FDA0003006220880000048
Figure FDA0003006220880000049
wherein: i is1In order to initially set the current value of the current,
Figure FDA00030062208800000410
is the mass flow of hot gas flow entering the external arc heater; a and b are respectively a current power exponent and a mass flow power exponent;
(4) the data analysis terminal (7) debugs and receives the mass flow of the hot air flow distributed by the pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and the flow regulating device (6) according to the second test
Figure FDA00030062208800000411
Mass flow of cold air flow
Figure FDA00030062208800000412
The specific formula for calculating the total enthalpy of the supersonic gas flow is as follows:
Figure FDA00030062208800000413
wherein: h2The total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow during the second test debugging; a. the*The throat area of the outer nozzle;
Figure FDA00030062208800000414
total mass flow of the air flow during the second test commissioning: p2The pressure in the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber is adjusted during the second test;
(5) and the total enthalpy H of the supersonic air flow during the second test and debugging2And the heat flow value measured by the heat flow measuring device (4) during the second air flow parameter debugging is taken as the final air flow adjusting parameter to finish the target enthalpy value of the air flowAnd precise regulation of the target heat flow.
7. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 6, wherein: the flow coefficient sigma in the step (1)1、σ2Obtained by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003006220880000051
Figure FDA0003006220880000052
Figure FDA0003006220880000053
Figure FDA0003006220880000054
Figure FDA0003006220880000055
Figure FDA0003006220880000056
wherein: q. q.s1Heat flow value, q, of supersonic air flow at first air flow parameter adjustment0Target heat flow value, mu, for supersonic air flow1,Pr1Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, mu, of the supersonic air flow at the time of the first adjustment of the air flow parameter2,Pr2Respectively the viscosity coefficient and the Plantt number, H of the supersonic air flow during the second air flow parameter adjustmentStatic enthalpy 1、HRecovery of enthalpy 1、HReference enthalpy 1Respectively, first time air flow parametersStatic enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, H, of supersonic flow during regulationStatic enthalpy 2、HRecovery enthalpy 2、HReference enthalpy 2The static enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and reference enthalpy, V, of the supersonic flow during the second flow parameter adjustment∞1The velocity of the air at the outlet of the external lance, V, being adjusted for the first air flow parameter∞2The velocity of the outer nozzle exit gas flow at the time of second gas flow parameter adjustment; h0The target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in the laminar state and 1/3 in the turbulent state.
8. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the heat flow measuring device (4) and the supersonic air flow at the outlet of the external spray pipe (3) form a certain angle, and the angle is 0-20 degrees.
9. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the data analysis terminal (7) is based on excel, matlab or C software development environment.
10. The arc heater gas flow parameter fine adjustment system of claim 1, wherein: the heat flow measuring device (4) is a flat plug type heat measuring probe, a flat main body is made of stainless steel, the heat measuring probe adopts a structure that a red copper cylindrical plug block is arranged in the middle, a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation sleeve is sleeved on the red copper cylindrical plug block, and heat is not conducted between the red copper cylindrical plug block and the stainless steel.
11. The method for accurately adjusting the air flow parameters of the arc heater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), mixing hot air flow generated by an external arc heater (1) with cold air flow distributed by a flow regulating device (6) in a mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2), and expanding and accelerating the mixed air flow through an external spray pipe (3) to form supersonic air flow at an outlet of the spray pipe (3); the hot air flow generated by the external arc heater (1) is formed by heating the entered test medium after discharge breakdown through a set current value;
step (2), the heat flow measuring device (4) measures the heat flow value of the supersonic air flow and sends the heat flow value to the data analysis terminal (7); the pressure measuring device (5) measures the pressure in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and sends the pressure to the data analysis terminal (7); the flow regulating device (6) distributes the mass flow of hot air flow entering the external arc heater (1) and the mass flow of cold air flow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2), and sends the mass flow information of the distributed hot air flow and the distributed cold air flow to the data analysis terminal (7);
step (3), the data analysis terminal (7) calculates the total enthalpy of the supersonic airflow according to the received pressure information in the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) and the mass flow information of the hot airflow and the cold airflow distributed by the flow regulating device (6); comparing the total enthalpy of the supersonic air flow with a target enthalpy value, comparing the received heat flow value of the supersonic air flow with a target heat flow value, and if the two values are consistent, finishing the accurate adjustment of the target enthalpy value and the target heat flow of the air flow; otherwise, carrying out secondary air flow parameter debugging to finish the accurate adjustment of the air flow target enthalpy value and the target heat flow;
the method for determining the mass flow of the hot airflow entering the external arc heater (1) and the mass flow of the cold airflow entering the mixing pressure stabilizing chamber (2) distributed by the flow regulating device (6) in the step (2) is as follows:
(1) calculating the total mass flow of the air flow distributed by the flow regulating device (6)
Figure FDA0003006220880000061
Figure FDA0003006220880000062
Wherein: a is the throat area of the outer nozzle, L is the distance from the throat of the outer nozzle to the outlet of the outer nozzle, q0The target heat flow value of the supersonic air flow is shown, and mu and Pr are respectively a viscosity coefficient and a Plantt number of the supersonic air flow;
Hstatic enthalpy、HRecovery enthalpy、HReference enthalpyStatic enthalpy, recovery enthalpy and parameter of supersonic air flow respectivelyEnthalpy of examination, the expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0003006220880000071
Figure FDA0003006220880000072
H0the target enthalpy value of the supersonic airflow is 1/2 in a laminar flow state and 1/3 in a turbulent flow state; v∞Is the outer nozzle outlet air flow velocity;
(2) according to the total mass flow of the gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000073
Distributing hot air flow and cold air flow, wherein the mass flow of the hot air flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000074
Mass flow with cold gas flow
Figure FDA0003006220880000075
Obtained by the following method:
Figure FDA0003006220880000076
wherein: hHeat 1Is the enthalpy value of hot air flow of the external arc heater.
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