CN109632091B

CN109632091B - Portable plane illuminometer

Info

Publication number: CN109632091B
Application number: CN201910091270.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙逊; 赵怀林; 沈怀宗
Original assignee: Shanghai Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Shanghai Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-01-30
Filing date: 2019-01-30
Publication date: 2020-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-30
Also published as: CN109632091A

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable plane illuminometer.A cosine corrector is arranged at the upper part of each round through hole at the top of a shell cover to form a cosine corrector matrix, and a shading grid matrix and an illuminance sensing matrix are sequentially arranged right below the round through hole matrixThe device comprises a device matrix, a concave mirror matrix and a three-color LED matrix, wherein a driving gear shaft is positioned in the middle of each driven gear shaft, a driving gear on the driving gear shaft is meshed and connected with driven gears on the driven gear shafts on two sides, and a rectangular permanent magnet rod is welded on the driving gear; an upper iron core is arranged on the inner side of the top of the shell cover, and a lower iron core is arranged on the circuit board; the anode of the three-color LED is connected with the digital-to-analog converter end of the CPU, and the cathode is connected with the data selector MUX₂(ii) a Illuminance sensor pass data selector MUX₁Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected with CPU₁ADC of CPU₂And three control signal output ends of the CPU are respectively connected with the upper iron core, the lower iron core and the liquid crystal display.

Description

Portable plane illuminometer

Technical Field

The invention relates to an indoor illuminometer, in particular to a portable indoor local plane illuminometer for measuring the illuminance of a writing operation area of children.

Background

The children in China have heavier learning tasks and are in the process of writing and reading for a long time, whether the desktop or the screen illumination is proper or not depends on subjective judgment of parents or teachers, real-time monitoring of contrast values is lacked, especially, the students are often immersed in the homework, the environment is gradually dim, the self sitting posture deviation can not be known by the students, and the students can not be supervised by the students, so that the situations become one of the reasons that the myopia rate of the students is high for many years.

The indoor writing and reading area is a local working surface but not a certain point, and the illuminance of each part in the working surface is different, for example, the illuminance of the lamp in the reading area is dazzling, and the illuminance of the writing area is dim, so the vision is damaged, therefore, the indoor writing and reading area cannot be used as the illuminance value of a certain point in the working surface to represent the illuminance of the whole surface, and the indoor writing and reading area cannot be used as the average illuminance value of the working surface to represent the illuminance of the whole surface. However, the conventional illuminometer is only provided with one illuminance sensor which can only measure the illuminance of a certain point, so that the illuminance of the whole working surface needs to be measured for multiple times, and especially the illuminance measurement in a large area is not simple, for example, a voice-prompted illuminance testing device for students to learn and use disclosed in patent publication No. CN104406688B, or only an average illuminance value of four illuminance sensor detection points is displayed, for example, a four-sensor illuminometer disclosed in patent publication No. CN102538959A, so that the illuminance of each place in the whole plane cannot be measured simultaneously, and the illuminance conditions of each place can be displayed simultaneously.

In life, many adults and children do not have knowledge about illuminance, and it is difficult to grasp illuminance value of lx unit of a conventional illuminometer, so that patent publication No. CN102818626B discloses a method for qualitatively representing illuminance measured value of a certain point by using a plurality of monochromatic LEDs with different colors and brightnesses, but if the illuminance of a certain point is indicated to be too dark and too dark, … … and too bright, 5 different lamps are required to be used and matched with text description, which is complicated, and the illuminance conditions of various places on a working surface cannot be measured and displayed at the same time.

Therefore, there is a need for a novel planar illuminometer which is convenient for parents, teachers, children and children to use and can indicate the illuminance of all places on a working surface in real time.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is to provide a portable planar illuminometer for local planar illuminance indication, so as to solve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a portable plane illuminometer comprises an illuminance sensor matrix, a cosine corrector matrix, a shell cover, a circuit board, a bottom plate and a three-color LED matrix, wherein the top of the shell cover is provided with a circular through hole matrix, the size and the shape of each circular through hole are the same, the cosine corrector is arranged at the upper part of each circular through hole, the center distances of two adjacent circular through holes are equal to form the cosine corrector matrix, and a shading lattice matrix which is integrated with the shell cover and the side edges of which are vertical to the top of the shell cover, the illuminance sensor matrix which is bonded on shaft side convex wings of a driving gear shaft and a driven gear shaft, a concave mirror matrix fixed on the circuit board and a three-color LED matrix positioned in a concave mirror are sequentially arranged right below; the side of the circular through hole matrix is provided with a switch and a liquid crystal display, a circuit board fixed with the bottom plate is welded with a bracket, a CPU and a peripheral circuit thereof, a concave mirror surface and a three-color LED, the driving gear shaft is positioned at the middle position of each driven gear shaft, the driving gear shaft and each driven gear shaft are respectively connected with respective brackets, a driving gear on the driving gear shaft is meshed with driven gears on the driven gear shafts at two sides, adjacent driven gears are also meshed and connected, the axes of the gear shafts are equal in height and are parallel to each otherAnd the transmission ratio among all gears is 1: 1; the driving gear is welded with a rectangular permanent magnet rod, and the long edge of the rectangular permanent magnet rod is perpendicular to the axial convex wing plane of the driving gear shaft and the illumination sensor plane on the axial convex wing plane; an upper iron core is arranged on the inner side of the top of the shell cover corresponding to the rectangular permanent magnet rod, and a lower iron core is arranged on the circuit board corresponding to the rectangular permanent magnet rod; when the illumination sensor is positioned at the horizontal upward position, each cosine corrector is superposed with the central lines of the round through hole, the shading grids, the illumination sensor, the concave mirror surface and the three-color LED below the cosine corrector; the anode of the three-color LED is connected with a digital-to-analog converter DAC of the CPU₁～DAC₃Port, cathode connection data selector MUX₂(ii) a The output end of the illumination sensor passes through a data selector MUX₁Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected with CPU₁Port, CPU analog-to-digital converter ADC₂The port is connected with the output end of the temperature sensor and three control signal output ends O of the CPU₁～O₃Respectively connected with the upper iron core, the lower iron core and the liquid crystal display.

Furthermore, a left baffle and a right baffle are respectively embedded in the empty grooves at the left side and the right side of the shell cover, and the liquid crystal display receives the O of the CPU₃And the command control signal of the terminal displays the illuminance values measured by each illuminance sensor in the illuminance sensor matrix according to the layout of the illuminance sensor matrix.

Furthermore, the lower end of the left baffle is provided with a left barb, the lower end of the right baffle is provided with a right barb, the left barb and the right barb are respectively embedded in grooves on the left side and the right side of the shell cover, and the left barb and the right barb are respectively elastically compressed by the groove walls, so that the static friction force between the left baffle and the groove and the static friction force between the right baffle and the groove are greater than the dead weight of the left baffle and the dead weight of the right baffle; when excessively pulling out left baffle and right baffle, left barb is expanded in the left intracavity in left side groove, and right barb is expanded in the right intracavity in right side groove, prevents that the baffle from being pulled out the inslot, and the barb draws in when guaranteeing the baffle pressurized, returns to the inslot.

Furthermore, the light emitting end of each three-color LED is positioned at the focus of the concave mirror surface, so that the light emitted by each three-color LED is vertically reflected upwards by the concave mirror surface,the light passes through the light shielding grids above the light shielding grids, the circular through holes and the cosine corrector and emits light to the outside of the shell cover, and the side edges of the light shielding grids are coated with black to absorb stray light emitted by the three-color LEDs below the light shielding grids, so that the stray light is prevented from leaking outwards through the adjacent cosine corrector to form mutual interference of light rays of various colors; the CPU controls the address line A₁……A_mSo that the data selector MUX₂The cathodes of the three-color LEDs are alternately grounded in a time-sharing manner and are converted into digital-to-analog converters (DACs)₁～DAC₃The combination of the electrical signal values at the ends causes each three-color LED to emit a light color corresponding to the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor directly above the LED.

Furthermore, the radial sections of the convex wings at the shaft sides of the driving gear shaft and the driven gear shaft are rectangular, the radial sections of the rest parts of the shafts are circular, and each gear shaft penetrates through the grooves of one row of the light shielding grids; the driving gear shaft and the driving gear are integrated, each driven gear shaft and the driven gear thereon are integrated, two ends of the driving gear shaft and the driven gear shaft are respectively connected with the bracket through bearings, each gear shaft, each bearing and the bracket are made of good conductor metal, a zero line of the illumination sensor is welded with a shaft side convex wing where the zero line is positioned, the bracket is welded with a zero line on the circuit board, and the zero line of the illumination sensor is communicated with a circuit zero line through the driving gear shaft or the driven gear shaft and the bearings and the bracket thereof; the signal wire of the illuminance sensor is made of fine spring wire made of good conductor metal, and hangs down from the driving gear shaft or the driven gear shaft, and is connected with the data selector MUX on the circuit board₁And (7) welding and connecting.

Further, in an initial measuring state, a magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet rod is arranged at the top, a magnetic pole N is arranged at the bottom, a long edge of the permanent magnet rod is perpendicular to the bottom plate, an upper insulating buffer pad is bonded on one side of the long edge and abuts against the lower end of an upper iron core fixed on the inner side of the top of the shell cover, a lower insulating buffer pad is bonded on the other side of the long edge and abuts against the upper end of a lower iron core fixed on the circuit board; when the O of the CPU₂Terminal output low level, O₁When the end outputs high level, the lower iron core is powered off, the upper iron core is powered on, so that the upper iron core forms an electromagnet with an S pole at the upper part and an N pole at the lower part, and the N pole and the permanent magnet rod of the upper iron coreThe magnetic pole S is attracted, the permanent magnetic rod is firmly fixed, the upper insulating buffer pad between the upper iron core and the permanent magnetic rod is pressed to play the roles of anti-collision buffer and electric insulation, meanwhile, the lower insulating buffer pad is pressed by the permanent magnetic rod and the lower iron core to play the role of anti-collision buffer, the planes of the shaft side convex wings on the driving gear shaft and the driven gear shaft are parallel to the bottom plate, when the illuminometer is horizontally placed on a working surface, the illumination sensors on the shaft side convex wings are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the centers of the illumination sensors are positioned on the central line of the cosine corrector and the three-color LED to form an illumination measurement matrix, the illumination measurement matrix receives illumination from the cosine corrector from the outside from top to bottom, and the illumination is₁Outputting an electric signal of illumination intensity, and controlling address line A by CPU₁……A_mSo that the data selector MUX₁Analog-digital converter ADC for inputting electric signals of each path of illumination into CPU in time-sharing manner₁Synchronous analog-to-digital converter (ADC)₂Receiving a real-time temperature signal output by a temperature sensor, wherein the real-time temperature signal is used for temperature compensation when the CPU calculates the illumination intensity; after each illumination value and the corresponding three-color signal are calculated by the CPU, the display state is entered; when the O of the CPU₂Terminal output high level, O₁When the end outputs a low level, the upper iron core is powered off, the lower iron core is powered on to form an electromagnet with an N pole at the upper end and an S pole at the lower end, so that the N pole at the lower end of the permanent magnet rod and the N pole of the lower iron core are repelled, and the S pole at the upper end of the permanent magnet rod and the N pole of the lower iron core are attracted, so that the permanent magnet rod drives the driving gear, the driving gear shaft and the illumination sensor on the shaft side flange to rotate, and simultaneously, the driven gear shaft and the illumination sensor on the shaft side flange are driven to rotate through gear; when the rotation reaches 90 degrees, the S pole of the permanent magnet rod collides with the N pole of the lower iron core, the N pole of the permanent magnet rod collides with the bottom of the upper iron core, the upper insulating buffer pad plays a role in anti-collision buffer, the lower insulating buffer pad plays a role in anti-collision buffer and electrical insulation, the lower iron core firmly absorbs and fixes the permanent magnet rod, the long edge of the permanent magnet rod rotates to the horizontal position, the convex wings on the side of each shaft and the illumination sensor also rotate to be vertical to the bottom plate, and the CPU controls the output end O to control the output end₃Making the LCD display luminance value matrix, CPU controls address line A₁……A_mAnd a digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃Output, divideEach three-color LED in the three-color LED matrix is switched on in a time-cycling manner, so that the color of light emitted by each three-color LED corresponds to the illumination value, and the vision persistence of a user enables the user to observe the light distribution of each color emitted by the three-color LED matrix at the same time, thereby intuitively knowing the planar illumination distribution measured by the illumination sensor; then CPU sends out command signal to cut off power of lower iron core, and upper iron core is powered on, and returns to measuring state, i.e. the shaft side convex wing and illuminance sensor are turned back to horizontal position, and continuously measures … …, and CPU controls the above-mentioned measuring state and display state to continuously repeat, and continuously implements real-time measurement and display of plane illuminance.

Further, when the CPU controls the continuous repeated measuring state and the display state, all the shaft side convex wings and the illumination sensor continuously rotate around the shaft in a reciprocating mode to present position changes of horizontal, vertical, horizontal and vertical … …, the effect of stirring air in the illuminometer is achieved, the air temperature in the illuminometer is uniform, the temperature sensor is fixed in the position, close to the center, in the shell cover, the measured air temperature can represent the air temperature at each position in the illuminometer, and a temperature compensation circuit is convenient to arrange in the illuminometer.

Further, the three-color LED receiving digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃After the driving signal, different colors of light are emitted, the color of the light represents the range of the illuminance value measured by the illuminance sensor right above the light, and the range is represented by red of seven visible lights: illuminance of light<100 lx; orange indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 100lx<300 lx; yellow indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 300lx<500 lx; green indicates that: illuminance of 500lx or less<2000 lx; cyan represents: illuminance less than or equal to 2000lx<5000 lx; blue indicates that: illuminance of 5000lx or less<10000 lx; purple indicates: the illumination is more than or equal to 10000lx, which areas on the plane are suitable for writing operation can be intuitively known according to different luminous colors, and which areas need to be improved or reduced.

Furthermore, the concave mirror surface is a polished metal mirror surface serving as an upward concave surface with an opening, the maximum horizontal radius of the concave surface is smaller than the radius of a round through hole of the shell cover, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the concave surface, and a pin of each three-color LED penetrates through the through hole to be connected with a digital-to-analog converter DAC (digital-to-analog converter) on the circuit board₁～DAC₃Port and data selector MUX₂Port weldingAnd (6) connecting.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the portable plane illuminometer disclosed by the invention utilizes the upper and lower structures of the rotatable illuminance sensor matrix and the three-color LED matrix, so that the problems that the illuminance of each point on a plane needs to be measured and the illuminance value needs to be displayed are solved; the mechanical structure is used as a circuit wire, so that the problem that a large number of wires are difficult to lay in a portable device is solved; the axial convex wing and the illumination sensor matrix rotate simultaneously, so that the air temperature at each position in the device tends to be uniform, and the temperature compensation problem of each illumination sensor is simplified; qualitative visual display of the multi-point illumination measurement value in the plane is performed by using the luminous color of the three-color LED matrix, and the point illumination measurement of the conventional illuminometer is expanded into plane illumination measurement, so that the illumination distribution in the indoor operation plane of the teenagers is clear at a glance in families and schools, and the eyesight protection of the teenagers is facilitated; the left baffle or the right baffle is used for simulating the influence of the left side or the right side of the shield on the illumination of the working surface when the teenagers do work, so that whether the data such as books and notes can be stacked near the working surface or not can be predetermined.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of the portable planar illuminometer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the portable planar illuminometer of the present invention and a partial cross-sectional view thereof;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of the portable planar illuminometer of the present invention in a measuring state;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of the portable planar illuminometer of the present invention in a display state;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of the portable planar illuminometer of the present invention in the measuring position;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the portable planar illuminance meter of the present invention taken along the line B-B.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the portable planar illuminometer is in a circuit schematic diagram, a switch SB closes the CPU and is electrified, and the portable planar illuminometer enters a measuring state:

o of CPU₂Port output low level, triode T₂When the lower iron core 26 is cut off, the lower iron core is powered off; o is₁A triode T with high output level at port₁Saturation, electrifying the upper iron core 15; o is₃The port instructs the LCD to clear the screen; digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃D of n three-color LEDs with low-level output port₁～D_nDo not emit light; CPU instruction address line A₁……A_mSo that the n illuminance sensors E₁～E_nAre sequentially MUX by the data selector₁To an analog-to-digital converter ADC₁For CPU to collect illumination signal, and ADC₂Then the real-time temperature signal output by the temperature sensor is received for the CPU to carry out temperature compensation when calculating the illumination. In spatial position, E of the illuminance sensor_iShould be located at D of the three-color LED_iJust above.

After the CPU finds n illumination values and corresponding three-color drive signal values, the display state is switched to:

analog-to-digital converter ADC without CPU reception₁And ADC₂The input of (1); o is₁Port output low level, triode T₁Cutting off, and powering off the upper iron core 15; o is₂A triode T with high output level at port₂Saturation, the lower core 26 is energized; even if the illumination sensor is a 10 x 10 matrix planar illumination measurement, n is 100, so the portable device uses O for the large data display of such multiple points₃Port instruction LCD paging display illuminance sensor matrix E₁～E_nThe method of measuring (1); CPU instruction address line A₁……A_mLevel change so that the data selector MUX₂Sequentially handle D₁～D_nThe cathodes of the three-color LEDs are connected to the GND end to achieve the effect of sequentially gating the three-color LEDs, and the gated three-color LEDs are subjected to D_i，CPUBy means of a digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃Port output illuminance sensor E_iThree color driving signals corresponding to the measured values, let D_iLuminescence, qualitative representation of the illuminance sensor E above it by the luminescence color_iThe measured illumination intensity. When the n three-color LEDs are driven to emit light in a circulating mode, an observer can see the illumination display of each point on the whole plane according to the persistence of human vision. According to the illumination distribution of each point on the plane, the invention finally determines the local area suitable for teenagers to do work, so that the qualitative display is a main display mode, and the quantitative paging display of the liquid crystal display is inconvenient for users to observe the illumination values of each point at the same time and can be used as an auxiliary display mode. And when the display state is finished, the CPU is switched to the measurement state again to carry out the next measurement. Therefore, the CPU continuously switches the measuring state and the display state, and realizes the real-time measurement and display of the plane illumination until the switch SB cuts off the power supply.

As shown in fig. 2, the portable planar illuminometer comprises a shell cover 5, a left baffle 14 on the left side of the shell cover, a right baffle 7 on the right side of the shell cover, a switch 6 and a liquid crystal display 8 on the front surface of the shell cover, and a cosine corrector 4 matrix centrally arranged on the front surface of the shell cover 5, wherein each cosine corrector 4 is communicated with a shading grid 3 matrix through a round through hole 25 matrix right below the cosine corrector, four sides of each shading grid 3 are vertical to the top surface of the shell cover 5, radial sections are all the same square, an illuminance sensor matrix composed of metal gear shafts in the same plane and illuminance sensors 1 bonded to shaft side convex wings 24 is arranged right below the shading grid 3 matrix, and a concave mirror surface 2 matrix is arranged right below the illuminance sensor matrix. The gear shafts and the gears thereof are integrated into a whole, two ends of the gear shafts are connected with a bracket 11 on a circuit board 12 through bearings, the axes of the gear shafts are positioned in the same plane and are parallel to each other, the driving gear shaft 9 is positioned in the middle of each gear shaft, and a plurality of driven gear shafts 10 are arranged on two sides of the driving gear shaft.

The light meter is placed on a work plane for normal use, and the top view thereof is shown in fig. 2. The initial state after the switch 6 is closed is the measurement state shown in fig. 2, and the driving gear 19 is driven by the CPU through 1: 1 are in meshing transmission, all gears rotate simultaneously, all the illumination sensors 1 are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are in an upward state at the same time, external light penetrates through the cosine corrector 4 to irradiate the illumination sensors 1, and the illumination sensor matrix outputs illumination signals of all points on the plane. Then, each cosine corrector 4 is overlapped with the central lines of the circular through hole 25, the light shielding grid 3 and the horizontally upward illuminance sensor 1 right below the cosine corrector, the central lines of each row are in the same plane, the central lines of each column are in the same plane, and the central lines are parallel to each other.

As shown in the sectional view of the portable planar illuminometer in the a-a direction in the measuring state of fig. 3, the top surface of the case cover 5 is perpendicular to the side surface, the top of the case cover is provided with a row of circular through holes 25, the cosine corrector 4 is arranged on the upper part of each circular through hole 25 to form a row of cosine corrector, the radius of the lower part of each circular through hole is smaller than the radius of the upper part to support the cosine corrector 4, the inner side of the top of the case cover 5 is provided with a row of light shielding grids 3 integrated with the case cover, the side of each light shielding grid is equidistant and perpendicular to the top surface of the case cover 5, the lower part of each light shielding grid 3 is provided with a row of illuminance sensors 1 bonded on the shaft side convex wing 24 of the driving gear shaft 9, the driving gear shaft 9 passes through the groove 31 of the row of light shielding grids 3 directly above, the circuit board 12 fixed with the bottom plate 22 is welded with the bracket 11, the CPU and its peripheral circuits, a row of, the pinion 19 and the pinion shaft 9 are metallic in one piece. The temperature sensor 21 is fixed near the center inside the illuminometer.

In a measuring state, the upper iron core 15 vertically fixed on the inner side of the top of the shell cover 5 is electrified, the lower iron core 26 is powered off, the upper iron core 15 becomes an electromagnet with an S pole at the upper end and an N pole at the lower end, the N pole is attracted with the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17, so that the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 drives the driving gear 19 to rotate around the shaft to the long side of the permanent magnet rod 17 to be vertical to the bottom plate 22 by attraction of the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17, and the permanent magnet rod stops rotating after being attracted with the lower end of the upper iron core; by 1: 1 are in meshed transmission, driven gears on two sides are driven to rotate together by rotation of a driving gear 19, each gear shaft rotates to stop moving when each illumination sensor 1 on a plane of a shaft side convex wing 24 reaches the front face upward, namely, the illumination sensor 1 faces upward in the state shown in the figure, receives external illumination, outputs an illumination signal for being collected by a CPU, and simultaneously, a temperature sensor 21 also outputs an illumination signalThe measured temperature signal is supplied to the CPU for collection. The signal line of the illuminance sensor 1 is a metal thin spring wire 20, which is suspended from the gear shaft, and a data selector MUX on the circuit board 12₁And (7) welding and connecting. Because the radius of the gear shaft of the portable device is small, the deformation of the thin spring wire 20 is also small due to the 90-degree rotation of each gear shaft, the thin spring wire 20 only generates elastic expansion meeting Hooke's law, the anti-seismic and anti-deformation effects can be achieved, and the thin spring wire has no influence on being used as a circuit signal wire.

The concave mirror surface 2 is formed by polishing a metal mirror surface as an upward concave surface with an opening, a through hole is formed at the bottom of the concave surface, the maximum horizontal radius of the concave surface is smaller than the radius of the circular through hole of the cover 5, and a pin of each of the three-color LEDs 23 passes through the through hole to be soldered with the digital-to-analog converter ports DAC 1-DAC 3 and the data selector MUX2 on the circuit board 12. The base plate 22 is fixed to the case cover 5 by screws.

As shown in fig. 4, the sectional view of the portable planar illuminometer in the direction of a-a is that on the basis of fig. 3, the upper core 15 is powered off, and the lower core 26 is powered on, so that the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 is attracted by the lower core, and then the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 is attracted by the attraction to drive the driving gear 19 to rotate together by 90 ° around the shaft, the long side of the permanent magnet rod 17 is rotated to the horizontal position, the upper insulating buffer pad 16 bonded to the long side abuts against the lower end of the upper core 15, and the lower insulating buffer pad 18 bonded to the long side abuts against the upper end of the lower core, and the distance between: 1 are in meshed transmission, the driving gear 19 drives the driven gears on the two sides to rotate together, and the gear shafts rotate to the positions, which are vertical to the bottom plate 22, of the illuminance sensors 1 on the shaft side convex wings 24.

In order to realize the real-time measurement and display of the plane illumination by the illuminometer, the CPU needs to constantly switch the measurement state of fig. 3 and the display state of fig. 4, so that each shaft side flange 24 and each illumination sensor 1 thereon reciprocate 90 degrees to rotate, and the air temperature in the illuminometer is uniform, therefore, only one temperature sensor 21 is needed to be fixed in the cover 5 near the center, the measured air temperature can represent the air temperature at each position in the illuminometer, and the structure is convenient for the illuminometer to be internally provided with a temperature compensation circuit.

In this display state, the three-color LED23 is time-shared by the digital-to-analog converter DAC of the CPU₁～DAC₃Driven by a signal to send out positiveThe emission color corresponding to the measurement value of the upper illuminance sensor 1, for example, red indicates: illuminance of light<100 lx; orange indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 100lx<300 lx; yellow indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 300lx<500 lx; green indicates that: illuminance of 500lx or less<2000 lx; cyan represents: illuminance less than or equal to 2000lx<5000 lx; blue indicates that: illuminance of 5000lx or less<10000 lx; purple indicates: the illumination is more than or equal to 10000lx, the general visual operation can be completed by 300-500 lx represented by yellow, the operation with certain requirement on vision can be completed by 500-2000 lx represented by green, so that a user only needs to see the light-emitting color to know whether the area is suitable for the operation and whether the local illumination needs to be increased or reduced. Because the luminous end of every three-colour LED23 all is located the focus of concave mirror surface 2 for the light that three-colour LED23 sent is mostly upwards reflected by concave mirror surface is perpendicular, passes shading check 3, round through-hole 25, cosine corrector 4 directly over, and it is luminous to the outer emittance of cap 5, and each side of shading check all scribbles black stray light that the below three-colour LED sent of absorption, so as to avoid stray light to leak outward through adjacent cosine corrector 4, and form the mutual interference of light of all colours. The horizontal cross section of the shaft side convex wing and the illuminance sensor 1 in the vertical position is far smaller than that of the circular through hole 25, so that the shielding effect on the reflected light rays is negligible, and most of the reflected light rays are emitted out of the shell cover 5.

As shown in the B-B direction cross section of the measurement state of the portable plane illuminometer shown in fig. 5, the empty grooves at the left side and the right side of the shell cover 5 are respectively embedded with the left baffle 14 and the right baffle 7, the lower end of the left baffle 14 is provided with the left barb 29, the lower end of the right baffle 7 is provided with the right barb 27, the two baffles are made of plastics, and the barbs are elastically compressed by the groove walls, so that the static friction force between the baffles and the grooves is greater than the dead weight of the baffles, and when the baffles are pulled out from the grooves to shield light, the baffles can stay at any position and cannot slide down due to; the right baffle 7 is excessively pulled out, and the right barb 27 is unfolded in the right cavity of the right groove, so that the right baffle is prevented from being pulled out of the groove, and the barb is folded when the baffle is pressed and can return into the groove.

The pulled-out right baffle 7 is used for simulating the situation that light from the right side is shielded in the process of doing work by teenagers, which causes the measured values of some illumination sensors 1 to be reduced, the illumination distribution of each point displayed by the illuminometer is different from that in the case of no shielding, and therefore whether books, notes and other data can be stacked on the right side of the adolescent teenagers can be predicted before the work. When the left shutter 14 is pulled out, it can be simulated that the light from the left side is blocked.

The driving gear 19 on the driving gear shaft 9 is meshed with the driven gears 13 on the driven gear shafts 10 at two sides, the adjacent driven gears 10 are also meshed, and the axes of the gear shafts are equal in height and are parallel to each other. Each gear shaft and the gear integrated with the gear shaft are connected with the bracket 11 through a bearing, the bracket 11 is welded on a zero line of the circuit board 12, and each gear shaft and the bearings and the brackets at two ends of each gear shaft are made of good conductor metal such as copper, so that each gear shaft is a mechanical part and can also be regarded as an extension section of the zero line of the circuit; the circuit board 12 is fixed on the bottom plate 22, and the bottom plate and the shell cover 5 are fixed through screws. The upper iron core 15 which is vertically fixed on the inner side of the top of the shell cover 5 is electrified, the lower iron core 26 is powered off, so that the upper iron core 15 becomes an electromagnet with an S pole at the upper end and an N pole at the lower end, the N pole is attracted with the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 welded on the driving gear 19, so that the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 is attracted to drive the driving gear 19 to rotate around a shaft to the long edge of the permanent magnet rod 17 to be vertical to the bottom plate 22, the upper insulating buffer pad 16 bonded on the long edge of the permanent magnet rod 17 abuts against the lower end of the upper iron core 15, the lower insulating buffer pad 18 bonded on the long edge abuts against the upper end of the lower iron core 26, and the upper insulating buffer pad 16 plays a role of collision buffer and an electric insulation role when the iron core collides with the permanent magnet rod, so that the coil of the upper iron core 15 is electrically isolated. By 1: 1, the driving gear 19 rotates to enable all the driven gears to rotate together, and the rotation enables the illuminance sensors to be horizontally and upwards to receive external illumination and output illuminance signal measurement values which are collected by a CPU.

As shown in the B-B cross section of the display status of the portable planar illuminometer shown in fig. 6, on the basis of fig. 5, the upper iron core 15 is powered off, the lower iron core 26 is powered on to form an electromagnet with an N pole at the upper end and an S pole at the lower end, so that the N pole at the lower end of the permanent magnet rod 17 and the N pole of the lower iron core 26 repel each other, and the S pole at the upper end of the permanent magnet rod 17 and the N pole of the lower iron core 26 attract each other, so that the permanent magnet rod 17 drives the driving gear 19 and the driving gear shaft 9 to rotate, and meanwhile, the: 1, gear meshing transmission is carried out to drive each driven gear 13 and each driven gear shaft 10 to rotate; when the rotation reaches 90 degrees, the S pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 impacts the N pole of the lower iron core 26, the N pole of the permanent magnet rod 17 impacts the bottom of the upper iron core 15, the insulating buffer lower cushion 18 has the functions of collision buffer and electric insulation, so that the coil of the lower iron core 26 is electrically isolated from the permanent magnet rod 17, and the insulating buffer upper cushion 16 has the function of collision buffer. At that time, the convex wings and the illuminance sensor on each axis side are perpendicular to the bottom plate 22, and then the CPU instructs the three-color LED and the liquid crystal display to display the illuminance.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable plane illuminometer, includes illuminance sensor (1) matrix, cosine corrector (4) matrix, cap (5), circuit board (12), bottom plate (22) and three-colour LED (23) matrix, its characterized in that: the top of the shell cover (5) is provided with a circular through hole (25) matrix, the circular through holes (25) are the same in size and shape, a cosine corrector (4) is placed at the upper part of each circular through hole (25), the center distances of two adjacent circular through holes (25) are equal to form the cosine corrector matrix, a shading grid (3) matrix which is integrated with the shell cover and the side edges of which are perpendicular to the top of the shell cover (5), an illuminance sensor (1) matrix bonded on the planes of shaft side convex wings (24) of the driving gear shaft (9) and the driven gear shaft (10), a concave mirror surface (2) matrix fixed on the circuit board (12) and a three-color LED (23) matrix positioned in the concave mirror surface are sequentially arranged under the circular through hole (25) matrix; a switch (6) and a liquid crystal display (8) are arranged beside the matrix of the circular through holes (25); the welding has support (11), CPU and peripheral hardware circuit, concave mirror face (2), three-colour LED (23) on circuit board (12) fixed with bottom plate (22), driving gear axle (9) are located the intermediate position of each driven gear axle (10), driving gear axle (9) and each driven gear axle (10) are connected with respective support (11) respectively, driving gear (19) on driving gear axle (9) are connected with driven gear (13) meshing on driven gear axle (10) of both sides, meshing connection between adjacent driven gear (13), each gear axle is equal in height and be parallel to each other, the drive ratio is 1 between each gear: 1; a rectangular permanent magnet rod (17) is welded on the driving gear (19), and the long edge of the rectangular permanent magnet rod is vertical to the plane of the shaft side convex wing (24) of the driving gear shaft (9) and the plane of the illuminance sensor (1) on the driving gear shaft; the inner side of the top of the shell cover (5)An upper iron core (15) is arranged at the position corresponding to the rectangular permanent magnet rod (17), and a lower iron core (26) is arranged at the position corresponding to the rectangular permanent magnet rod (17) on the circuit board (12); when the illuminance sensor (1) is positioned at a horizontal upward position, the center lines of each cosine corrector (4), the circular through hole (25) below the cosine corrector, the shading grid (3), the illuminance sensor (1), the concave mirror surface (2) and the three-color LED (23) are overlapped; the anode of the three-color LED (23) is connected with a digital-to-analog converter DAC of the CPU₁～DAC₃Port, cathode connection data selector MUX₂(ii) a The signal end of the illumination sensor (1) passes through a data selector MUX₁Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected with CPU₁Port, CPU analog-to-digital converter ADC₂The port is connected with the output end of the temperature sensor (21) and three control signal output ends O of the CPU₁～O₃Are respectively connected with the upper iron core (15), the lower iron core (26) and the liquid crystal display (8).

2. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 1, wherein: a left baffle (14) and a right baffle (7) are respectively embedded into the empty grooves at the left side and the right side of the shell cover (5); the liquid crystal display (8) receives the O of the CPU₃And the command control signal of the terminal displays the illuminance value measured by each illuminance sensor (1) in the matrix of the illuminance sensor (1) according to the layout of the matrix of the illuminance sensor (1).

3. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the left baffle (14) is provided with a left barb (29), the lower end of the right baffle (7) is provided with a right barb (27) which is embedded in grooves on the left side and the right side of the shell cover (5) respectively, and the left barb (29) and the right barb (27) are elastically compressed by groove walls respectively, so that the static friction force between the left baffle (14) and the groove and the static friction force between the right baffle (7) and the groove are greater than the dead weight of the left baffle, and when the left baffle (14) or the right baffle (7) is pulled out from the groove to shield light, the left baffle (14) or the right baffle (7) stays at any position and cannot slide down due to the; when the left baffle (14) and the right baffle (7) are excessively pulled out, the left barb (29) is unfolded in the left cavity (30) of the left groove, and the right barb (27) is unfolded in the right cavity (28) of the right groove, so that the baffle is prevented from being pulled out of the groove, and the barbs are folded to return into the groove when the baffle is pressed.

4. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 1, wherein: the light-emitting end of each three-color LED (23) is positioned at the focus of the concave mirror surface (2), so that light rays emitted by each three-color LED (23) are vertically reflected upwards by the concave mirror surface, pass through the light shielding grids (3) right above, the circular through holes (25) and the cosine corrector (4), and emit out to the shell cover (5) to emit light, the side edges of the light shielding grids (3) are coated with black light to absorb stray light emitted by the three-color LEDs (23) below, and stray light is prevented from leaking outwards through the adjacent cosine corrector (4) to form mutual interference of light rays of various colors; the CPU controls the address line A₁……A_mSo that the data selector MUX₂Cathodes of the three-color LEDs (23) are connected to the ground in turn in a time-sharing manner and are converted into digital-to-analog converters (DAC)₁～DAC₃The combination of the electrical signal values at the ends causes each three-color LED (23) to emit a light color corresponding to the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor (1) directly above it.

5. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 1, wherein: the radial cross sections of the shaft side convex wings (24) of the driving gear shaft (9) and the driven gear shaft (10) are rectangular, the radial cross sections of the rest parts of the shafts are circular, and each gear shaft penetrates through the grooves (31) of one row of the light shielding grids (3); the driving gear shaft (9) and the driving gear (19) are integrated, each driven gear shaft (10) is integrated with a driven gear (13) on the driven gear shaft, two ends of each of the driving gear shaft (9) and the driven gear shaft (10) are respectively connected with the support (11) through bearings, each gear shaft, each bearing and each support are made of good conductor metal, a zero line of the illumination sensor (1) is welded with a shaft side convex wing (24) where the zero line is located, the support (11) is welded with a zero line on the circuit board (12), and the zero line of the illumination sensor (1) is communicated with a circuit zero line through the driving gear shaft (9) or the driven gear shaft (10) and the bearings and the support (11); the signal wire of the illuminance sensor (1) adopts a thin spring wire (20) made of good conductor metal, hangs down from the driving gear shaft (9) or the driven gear shaft (10), and is connected with a data selector MUX on the circuit board (12)₁And (7) welding and connecting.

6. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 1, wherein: in an initial measuring state, a magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet rod (17) is arranged at the top, a magnetic pole N is arranged at the bottom, a long edge of the permanent magnet rod (17) is perpendicular to the bottom plate (22), an upper insulating buffer pad (16) is bonded on one side of the long edge, the upper insulating buffer pad (16) abuts against the lower end of an upper iron core (15) fixed on the inner side of the top of the shell cover (5), a lower insulating buffer pad (18) is bonded on the other side of the long edge, and the lower insulating buffer pad (18) abuts against the upper end of a lower iron core (26) fixed on the circuit board (12); when the O of the CPU₂Terminal output low level, O₁When the end outputs high level, the lower iron core (26) is powered off, the upper iron core (15) is powered on, so that the upper iron core (15) forms an electromagnet with an S pole at the upper part and an N pole at the lower part, the N pole of the upper iron core (15) is attracted with the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet rod (17), the permanent magnet rod (17) is firmly attracted and fixed, an upper insulating buffer pad (16) between the upper iron core (15) and the permanent magnet rod (17) is pressed to play roles of collision buffer and electric insulation, simultaneously, a lower insulating buffer pad (18) is pressed by the permanent magnet rod (17) and the lower iron core (26) to play a role of collision buffer, the planes of shaft side convex wings (24) on the driving gear shaft (9) and the driven gear shaft (10) are parallel to the bottom plate (22), when the illuminometer is horizontally placed on an operation surface, the horizontal level sensors (1) on the convex wings at each shaft side are positioned on the same plane, and the centers of the horizontal level sensors are positioned on the, forming an illuminance measurement matrix, wherein the illuminance measurement matrix receives external illumination from top to bottom through the cosine corrector and sends the illumination to the data selector MUX₁Outputting an electric signal of illumination intensity, and controlling address line A by CPU₁……A_mSo that the data selector MUX₁Analog-digital converter ADC for inputting electric signals of each path of illumination into CPU in time-sharing manner₁Synchronous analog-to-digital converter (ADC)₂Receiving a real-time temperature signal output by a temperature sensor (21), wherein the real-time temperature signal is used for temperature compensation when the CPU calculates the illumination intensity; after each illumination value and the corresponding three-color signal are calculated by the CPU, the display state is entered; when the O of the CPU₂Terminal output high level, O₁When the end outputs low level, the upper iron core (15) is powered off, the lower iron core (26) is powered on, an electromagnet with the upper end being N pole and the lower end being S pole is formed, the N pole at the lower end of the permanent magnet rod (17) and the N pole of the lower iron core (26) are mutually repelled, and the S pole at the upper end of the permanent magnet rod (17) and the S pole are mutually repelledN poles of the lower iron cores (26) are attracted to each other, so that the permanent magnet rod (17) drives the driving gear (19), the driving gear shaft (9) and the illuminance sensor (1) on the shaft side convex wing (24) to rotate, and simultaneously drives the driven gear (13), the driven gear shaft (10) and the illuminance sensor (1) on the shaft side convex wing (24) to rotate through gear meshing transmission; when the rotation reaches 90 degrees, the S pole of the permanent magnet rod (17) collides against the N pole of the lower iron core (26), the N pole of the permanent magnet rod (17) collides against the bottom of the upper iron core (15), the upper insulating buffer pad (16) plays a role in collision buffer, the lower insulating buffer pad (18) plays a role in collision buffer and electric insulation, the permanent magnet rod (17) is firmly fixed by the lower iron core (26), the long edge of the permanent magnet rod (17) is rotated to the horizontal position, the convex wings (24) on each shaft side and the illumination sensor (1) are also rotated to be vertical to the bottom plate, and the CPU controls the output end O to control the output end₃The liquid crystal display (8) displays a matrix of luminance values, the CPU controls the address lines A₁……A_mAnd a digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃Outputting, namely, circularly switching on each three-color LED (23) in the three-color LED (23) matrix in a time-sharing manner to enable the color of light emitted by the three-color LED to correspond to an illumination value, and enabling the user to observe the light distribution of each color emitted by the three-color LED (23) matrix at the same time by means of visual persistence, so that the planar illumination distribution measured by the illumination sensor (1) is intuitively known; then the CPU sends out the instruction signal again to cut off the power of the lower iron core (26), the upper iron core (15) is electrified and returns to the measuring state, namely the shaft side convex wing (24) and the illumination sensor (1) are rotated back to the horizontal position to continue measuring … …, the CPU controls the measuring state and the display state to be repeated continuously, and the real-time measurement and display of the plane illumination are realized continuously.

7. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 6, wherein: when the CPU controls the continuous repeated measurement state and the display state, all the shaft side convex wings (24) and the illumination sensor (1) continuously rotate around the shaft in a reciprocating mode to present position changes of horizontal, vertical, horizontal and vertical … …, the effect of stirring air in the illuminometer is achieved, the air temperature in the illuminometer is uniform, the temperature sensor (21) is fixed in the position, close to the center, in the shell cover (5), the measured air temperature can represent the air temperature at each position in the illuminometer, and a temperature compensation circuit is convenient to arrange in the illuminometer.

8. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 4 or 6, wherein: the three-color LED (23) receives a digital-to-analog converter DAC₁～DAC₃After the driving signal, different colors of light are emitted, the color of the light represents the range of the illuminance value measured by the illuminance sensor right above the light, and the range is represented by red of seven visible lights: illuminance of light<100 lx; orange indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 100lx<300 lx; yellow indicates that: illuminance less than or equal to 300lx<500 lx; green indicates that: illuminance of 500lx or less<2000 lx; cyan represents: illuminance less than or equal to 2000lx<5000 lx; blue indicates that: illuminance of 5000lx or less<10000 lx; purple indicates: the illumination is more than or equal to 10000lx, which areas on the plane are suitable for writing operation can be visually known according to different luminous colors, and which areas need to be improved or reduced.

9. The portable planar illuminometer of claim 1, wherein: the concave mirror surface (2) takes a polished metal mirror surface as an upward concave surface with an opening, the maximum horizontal radius of the concave surface is smaller than the radius of a round through hole of the shell cover (5), a through hole is arranged at the bottom of the concave surface, and a pin of each three-color LED (23) penetrates through the through hole and is connected with a digital-to-analog converter DAC (digital-to-analog converter) on the circuit board (12)₁～DAC₃Port and data selector MUX₂And (4) port welding.