CN109629458B - System conversion method for bridge cantilever construction - Google Patents
System conversion method for bridge cantilever construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109629458B CN109629458B CN201910064723.0A CN201910064723A CN109629458B CN 109629458 B CN109629458 B CN 109629458B CN 201910064723 A CN201910064723 A CN 201910064723A CN 109629458 B CN109629458 B CN 109629458B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
- E01D21/10—Cantilevered erection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
- E01D21/10—Cantilevered erection
- E01D21/105—Balanced cantilevered erection
Abstract
The invention relates to a system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction, which comprises the steps of respectively building a side bridge pier, two main bridge piers and two cantilevers, and executing side span closure after cantilever construction; arranging a first counterweight and a second counterweight on each cantilever and executing midspan closure; removing the first balance weight and paving the bridge deck to a second balance weight; reducing the weight of the second counterweight as required and simultaneously moving the second counterweight to the paved bridge deck along the direction deviating from the midspan end; and paving the bridge deck between the two second counter weights and removing the second counter weights. The invention can realize the conversion from the stress system during the bridge construction to the stress system during the operation, and ensure the use safety of the bridge structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of construction of rail transit bridges, in particular to a system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction.
Background
The cantilever construction method is a construction method that working platforms are arranged on two sides of the end of a starting section on a bridge pier, and beam sections are poured or assembled to a midspan cantilever section by section in a balanced manner until a bridge span structure is closed. Can be divided into two types of cast cantilever and assembled cantilever, which comprises three main working links: the displacement of a working platform (a hanging basket or a crane), the positioning of construction beam sections (pouring or assembling), the connection of the construction beam sections (strong tensile prestress), and the like. The cantilever construction method can be used without or with few supports, does not influence navigation or underbridge traffic during construction, is suitable for construction of a variable-section bridge structure, and can reduce or save construction materials. However, in the continuous beam bridge constructed by the cantilever, no matter the cantilever assembling technology or the cantilever casting technology is adopted, in order to resist unbalanced bending moment generated by the cantilever end and prevent the system from overturning, temporary consolidation measures are usually required between the middle pier and the bridge structure and are removed after the construction is finished, so that system conversion at the construction stage is generated. After the construction of the cantilever is finished, the formed T-shaped bridges need to be closed, and the closing procedure is side span closing → middle pier dismantling temporary consolidation → middle span closing in general.
In conventional cantilever construction, because a bridge can generate negative bending moment in the construction process, and a pier is required to bear the bending moment generated in construction, a bridge structure with a stress state close to that in the construction period during operation is often selected for the bridge, such as a box beam. The U-shaped continuous beam is a novel structure in the field of rail transit, has the stress characteristics that the section centroid is low, the action point of prestress is high, and the stress system during construction and the stress system during operation of the U-shaped continuous beam constructed by adopting the cantilever process have great difference, and related system conversion is required to be carried out so that the stress state of the structure meets the safe use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction, which aims to solve the problem of conversion from a stress system of a bridge constructed by using a cantilever to a stress system of the bridge during construction to a stress system during operation, thereby ensuring that the stress state of a bridge structure meets the safe use requirement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction, comprising:
respectively building a side bridge pier, two main bridge piers and two cantilevers, and respectively hoisting the two cantilevers on the two main bridge piers;
performing side span closure to connect one ends of the two cantilevers with the side pier;
respectively arranging a first counterweight and a second counterweight at two ends of each cantilever and performing midspan closure to form a midspan end, wherein the second counterweight on each cantilever is closer to the midspan end than the first counterweight;
removing the first balance weight on each cantilever and paving a bridge deck to each second balance weight;
reducing the weight of each second counterweight as needed and simultaneously moving the second counterweight onto the paved bridge deck in a direction away from the midspan end;
and paving the bridge deck between the two second counter weights and removing the second counter weights.
Optionally, the cross section of each cantilever in the width direction is in two parallel U-shapes, and the step of respectively arranging a first counterweight and a second counterweight at two ends of each cantilever includes:
dividing the first counterweight into a first sub-counterweight A and a first sub-counterweight B with equal weights, and dividing the second counterweight into a second sub-counterweight A and a second sub-counterweight B with equal weights;
and respectively arranging the first sub-counterweight A and the first sub-counterweight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, close to the side pier, of each cantilever, and respectively arranging the second sub-counterweight A and the second sub-counterweight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, far away from the side pier, of each cantilever.
Optionally, the weights of the first counterweight and the second counterweight are equal, the position of the first counterweight on each suspension arm is the same, and the position of the second counterweight on each suspension arm is the same.
Optionally, the further the weight of the second counterweight is moved in a direction away from the mid-span end, the more the weight of the second counterweight is reduced.
Optionally, the stress applied to the cantilever by the first counterweight and the second counterweight is the same as the stress applied to the cantilever by the second stage load.
Optionally, the second stage load includes a load generated by paving the bridge deck after the first counterweight is removed and before the second counterweight is moved, and a load generated by paving the bridge deck between the second counterweights.
Optionally, paving the bridge deck comprises paving the bridge deck and track supporting platform assemblies.
Optionally, after the second counterweight is removed, the system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction further includes:
the bridge web is provided with a sound absorption plate, a sound barrier, a strong and weak cable and a bracket.
Optionally, the first counterweight and the second counterweight each include one or more of a water tank, a concrete block, and a sand bag.
According to the invention, the counter weight with the same effect as the secondary load is arranged on the bridge during construction so as to increase the compressive stress reserve of the bridge, then the secondary load is constructed in batches, and the corresponding counter weight is removed step by step, so that the lower flange of the bridge structure after the bridge is formed has larger compressive stress reserve, and is in line with the stress state during operation, the conversion from a stress system during construction of the bridge to a stress system during operation is realized, and the use safety of the bridge structure is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a cross-sectional compressive stress diagram during operation of a box beam;
FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional compressive stress diagram during U-beam construction;
FIG. 1c is a graph of cross-sectional compressive stresses required during operation of a U-beam;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cantilever provided by an embodiment of the present invention after construction;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a side span closure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first counterweight and a second counterweight according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5a is a schematic structural view of a mid-span closure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5b is a cross-sectional schematic view of a mid-span closure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the first counterweight being removed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7a is a schematic structural diagram of a first load and a second load during construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first second stage load of the construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second counterweight being reduced and transferred as needed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second load of the second stage of construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a bridge demolition second counterweight according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a device such as a construction sound-absorbing panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a bridge forming structure of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 201-box beam; 202-a U-shaped continuous beam; 203-a U-shaped continuous beam after bridging;
1-a cantilever; 2-main bridge pier; 3, temporarily solidifying the pier; 4-prefabricating a section; 5-side bridge pier; 6-a load-bearing support; 7-side span closure section; 8-a first counterweight; 9-a second counterweight; 10-mid-span end; 11 a-first batch second stage load; 11 b-second batch second phase load; 111-paving a bridge deck; 112-a rail bearing platform; 113-a track; 114-strong and weak cables and brackets; 115-acoustic panels; 116-a sound barrier; 117-evacuation platform.
Detailed Description
The following describes in more detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the schematic drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
In conventional cantilever construction, because a bridge can generate negative bending moment in the construction process, and a pier is required to bear the bending moment generated in construction, a bridge structure with a stress state during operation close to that during construction is mostly selected for the bridge, such as a box beam 201, and the stress characteristics are that the centroid of the bridge is basically positioned in the center of a cross section and basically consistent with the action point of prestress, and the section stress during construction is consistent with that during operation, so that the stress of an upper flange and a lower flange of the bridge structure after the bridge is formed is approximately equal, see fig. 1 a.
The U-shaped continuous beam is a novel structure in the field of rail transit, and has the stress characteristics that the section centroid is lower, the action point of the prestress is higher, and referring to fig. 1b, the U-shaped continuous beam 202 has large compressive stress on the upper flange and small compressive stress on the lower flange under the actions of gravity, prestress, external load and the like during construction; however, in the operation stage, the upper flange and the lower flange of the U-shaped continuous beam are under compression and tension under the action of the train load, the control requirement of the compression of the full section cannot be met after the upper flange and the lower flange are directly superposed, and the difference is larger when the span is larger, so that the lower flange of the U-shaped continuous beam 203 after the bridge is required to have larger compressive stress reserve, which is shown in fig. 1 c.
The stress system during construction and the stress system during operation of the U-shaped continuous beam constructed by adopting the cantilever process have great difference, and related systems must be converted so that the stress state of the structure meets the safe use requirement. Based on the above, the invention provides a system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction, which comprises the following steps:
respectively building a side pier 5, two main piers 2 and two cantilevers 1, and respectively hoisting the two cantilevers 1 on the two main piers 2;
performing side span closure to connect one ends of the two cantilevers 1 with the side pier 5;
respectively arranging a first counterweight 8 and a second counterweight 9 at two ends of each cantilever 1 and performing mid-span closure to form a mid-span end 10, wherein the second counterweight 9 on each cantilever 1 is closer to the mid-span end 10 than the first counterweight 8;
removing the first counterweight 8 on each cantilever 1 and paving the bridge deck to each second counterweight 9;
reducing the weight of each of said second counterweights 9 as required and simultaneously moving it in a direction away from said mid-span end 10 onto the paved bridge deck;
and paving the bridge surface between the two second counter weights 9 and removing the second counter weights 9.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the cantilever after construction according to an embodiment of the present invention, the machines and tools for construction using the cantilever are various, and as for the cradle, there are various types such as truss type and cable-stayed type, which can be selected according to actual situations. The cross section of the bridge is in a parallel U shape, namely a U-shaped continuous beam is selected to erect the bridge. In this embodiment, the cross section of the bridge comprises two rows of U-shaped beams.
Specifically, in this embodiment, two main piers 2, two side piers 5 and two cantilevers 1 are constructed, and each cantilever 1 is disposed on the main pier 2, so that the cantilever 1 and the main pier 2 form a T shape, and each of the two sides of the main pier 2 is provided with a temporary consolidation pier 3 connected to the cantilever 1 for resisting unbalanced bending moment generated by the cantilever 1. Two all be provided with prefabricated section 4 or cast-in-place section on the pier 5 of limit, the below of prefabricated section 4 is provided with bearing support 6, bearing support 6 is close to pier 5 of limit is used for supporting prefabricated section 4 or cast-in-place section.
Then, the bridge performs side span closure, that is, one end of the cantilever 1 close to the side pier 5 is connected with the precast segment 4 in a closure manner, so as to form side span closure segments 7 located at two sides of the bridge, as shown in fig. 3.
Further, a first counterweight 8 and a second counterweight 9 are respectively disposed at two ends of each cantilever 1, referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram for carrying the first counterweight and the second counterweight according to an embodiment of the present invention, for each cantilever 1, the first counterweight 8 is disposed at a first set distance L1 of one end of the cantilever 1 close to the pier 5, and the second counterweight 9 is disposed at a second set distance L2 of the other end of the cantilever 1, weights of the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 are equal and are both N1, and positions of the first counterweight 8 on each cantilever 1 are the same, and positions of the second counterweight 9 on each cantilever 1 are the same. The weight range of the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 is L, L1 and L2 at least satisfy the requirement of making up the manual operation surface during construction, and the values of L1, L2 and L are set according to the span of the bridge and the values of the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9.
Referring to fig. 5a and 5b, after the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 are respectively disposed at the two ends of each cantilever 1, a midspan closure is performed to form a midspan end 10. As can be seen from fig. 5b, the cross section of the cantilever 1 along the width direction is in two parallel U-shapes, and the step of respectively arranging the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 at the two ends of each cantilever 1 includes:
dividing the first counterweight 8 into a first sub-counterweight A and a first sub-counterweight B which have equal weights, and dividing the second counterweight 9 into a second sub-counterweight A and a second sub-counterweight B which have equal weights;
and respectively arranging the first sub-balance weight A and the first sub-balance weight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, close to the side pier 5, of each cantilever 1, and respectively arranging the second sub-balance weight A and the second sub-balance weight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, far away from the side pier 5, of each cantilever 1.
Specifically, first counter weight 8 sets to two, divide into first branch counter weight A and first branch counter weight B that weight equals, set up respectively in U-shaped face and weight are equalling, second counter weight 9 sets to two, divide into second branch counter weight A and second branch counter weight B that weight equals, set up respectively in U-shaped face and weight are equalling, and the weight of the counter weight of every row is N1/2 promptly, and the counter weight is at the internal equipartition of U-shaped face.
And then, removing the bearing support 6 and the temporary consolidation piers 3 positioned at two sides of the main pier 2, removing two temporary consolidation piers close to the midspan of the cantilever, and removing two temporary consolidation piers close to the side span of the cantilever.
The stress applied to the cantilever 1 by the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 is the same as the stress applied to the cantilever 1 by the second stage load. The second stage load includes a load generated by paving the bridge deck after the first balance weight 8 is removed and before the second balance weight 9 is moved, and a load generated by paving the bridge deck between the second balance weights 9.
Further, the first counterweight 8 on each cantilever 1 is removed and the bridge deck is paved to each second counterweight 9. Specifically, referring to fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of removing the first counterweight 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention, after the step of crossing and closing is performed, the first counterweight 8 on each of the cantilevers 1 is removed.
Further, a bridge deck is paved to each of the second weights 9. Referring to fig. 7a and 7b, which are schematic structural diagrams and schematic cross-sectional diagrams of the first and second stage loads of the construction provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first and second stage loads 11a are gradually constructed from the prefabricated sections 4 at both sides toward the middle span end 10 until the bridge deck is paved to the second counterweight 9. Referring to FIG. 7b, paving the deck includes paving the deck 111 and the track platform assembly. The rail bearing platform assembly includes a rail bearing platform 112 and a rail 113.
Next, the weight of each of said second counterweights 9 is reduced as required and simultaneously moved in a direction away from said mid-span end 10 onto the paved bridge deck. And, the further the distance to move the weight of the second counter weight 9 in the direction away from the mid-span end 10, the more the weight of the second counter weight 9 is reduced. Referring to fig. 8, the weight N1 of the two second weights 9 is simultaneously decreased, and the two portions of the two second weights 9 with decreased weight are respectively moved to the third set distance L3 away from the mid-span end 10 until the remaining portions of the second weights 9 near the mid-span end 10 are removed after the weight of the second weights 9 at each third set distance L3 reaches N2. The distance between the center of the mid-span end 10 and the center of gravity of the second counterweight 9 after transfer is L3, each after the movement the weight range of the second counterweight 9 is L4, and the second counterweight 9 moves to on the bridge deck pavement 101, so as to give way to the subsequent construction range. In specific implementation, the first counterweight 8 and the second counterweight 9 may include one or more of a water tank, a concrete block and a sand bag. Preferably, the water tank is pumped to the position where the second counterweight 9 is needed by the second counterweight 9 near the midspan end 10 by adopting a mode of pumping water and transferring the counterweight, until the weight of the water tank at the second counterweight 9 reaches N2, the pumping of water is stopped, and the water tank at the position where the second counterweight 9 is originally located is removed. Or gradually transferring the concrete block close to the second counterweight 9 at the midspan end 10 to the position required by the second counterweight 9 by adopting a mode of transferring the concrete block to the counterweight, stopping hoisting the concrete block until the weight of the formed second counterweight 9 (concrete block) reaches N2, and removing the residual concrete block at the original position of the second counterweight 9.
Next, the deck between two of said second counterweights 9 is paved and said second counterweights 9 are removed. Referring to fig. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of the second batch of second-stage loads, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second batch of second-stage loads 11b are constructed between the two second counterweights 9, specifically including constructing the rest of the bridge deck 111, the track platform 112 and the track 113, until the construction of all the bridge deck 111, the track platform 112 and the track 113 is completed. Referring to fig. 10, the second counter weight 9 is removed, and the second counter weights 9 on both sides are removed simultaneously to ensure the stress balance of the bridge.
Further, referring to fig. 11, after the second counterweight 9 is removed, the system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction further includes: the bridge web is provided with a sound absorption plate 115, a sound barrier 116, a strong and weak cable and a bracket 114.
Referring to fig. 12, which is a schematic diagram of a bridge-forming structure of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method completes the conversion from the stress system during bridge construction to the stress system during operation.
In summary, in the system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the counter weight having the same effect as the second stage load is arranged on the bridge during construction to increase the compressive stress reserve of the bridge, then the second stage load is constructed in batches, and the corresponding counter weight is removed step by step, so that the lower flange of the bridge structure after the bridge is formed has a larger compressive stress reserve, and conforms to the stress state during operation, thereby realizing the conversion from the stress system during bridge construction to the stress system during operation, and ensuring the use safety of the bridge structure.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively building a side bridge pier, two main bridge piers and two cantilevers, and respectively hoisting the two cantilevers on the two main bridge piers;
performing side span closure to connect one ends of the two cantilevers with the side pier;
respectively arranging a first counterweight and a second counterweight at two ends of each cantilever and performing midspan closure to form a midspan end, wherein the second counterweight on each cantilever is closer to the midspan end than the first counterweight;
removing the first balance weight on each cantilever and paving a bridge deck to each second balance weight;
reducing the weight of each second counterweight as needed and simultaneously moving the second counterweight onto the paved bridge deck in a direction away from the midspan end;
and paving the bridge deck between the two second counter weights and removing the second counter weights.
2. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 1, wherein the cantilever has a cross-section in the width direction in the form of two juxtaposed U-shapes, and the step of providing a first weight and a second weight at both ends of each cantilever respectively comprises:
dividing the first counterweight into a first sub-counterweight A and a first sub-counterweight B with equal weights, and dividing the second counterweight into a second sub-counterweight A and a second sub-counterweight B with equal weights;
and respectively arranging the first sub-counterweight A and the first sub-counterweight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, close to each side pier, of the cantilever, and respectively arranging the second sub-counterweight A and the second sub-counterweight B in two U-shaped surfaces of one end, far away from the side pier, of the cantilever.
3. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 2, wherein the weight of the first counter weight is equal to that of the second counter weight, and the position of the first counter weight on each cantilever is the same, and the position of the second counter weight on each cantilever is the same.
4. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 1, wherein the more the distance to move the weight of the second counterweight in the direction away from the mid-span end, the more the weight of the second counterweight is reduced.
5. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 1, wherein the stress applied to the cantilever by the first counterweight and the second counterweight is the same as the stress applied to the cantilever by the secondary load.
6. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 5, wherein the second stage load comprises a load generated by paving the bridge deck after removing the first weight and before moving the second weight, and a load generated by paving the bridge deck between the second weights.
7. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to claim 6, wherein the paving the bridge deck comprises paving the bridge deck and the track platform assembly.
8. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction of claim 1, wherein after removing the second weight, the system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction further comprises:
arranging a sound absorption plate, a sound barrier, a strong and weak cable and a bracket on a bridge web plate;
the bridge is characterized in that the cross section of the bridge is in two rows of parallel U-shaped structures, the bridge web is located on two sides of the cross section of the bridge, the sound absorption plate is installed on the inner side of the bridge web, the sound barrier is installed on the top of the bridge web, and the strong and weak cables and the support are installed on the sound absorption plate.
9. The system conversion method for bridge cantilever construction according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first counterweight and the second counterweight each comprise one or more of a water tank, a concrete block and a sand bag.
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| CN110593126A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-20 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Counterweight system for bridge closure and construction method |
| CN111287096A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-16 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | Closure construction method for continuous rigid frame beam of lower-towing super large bridge |
| CN112482248A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 中铁北京工程局集团第二工程有限公司 | Construction method of large-span arch stiffened asymmetric-section continuous beam |
| CN113106866B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-11-04 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | Counterweight type mounting method of main beam |
| CN114875810A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-09 | 中铁九桥工程有限公司 | Bridge erecting method |
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| CN106758871A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of full cantilever construction prestressed concrete continuous rigid-framed bridge and its construction method |
| CN108487083A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-04 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | A kind of bridge rigid frame bridge platform overlapped construction method |
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