CN109628682A - A kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle - Google Patents
A kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109628682A CN109628682A CN201811550227.8A CN201811550227A CN109628682A CN 109628682 A CN109628682 A CN 109628682A CN 201811550227 A CN201811550227 A CN 201811550227A CN 109628682 A CN109628682 A CN 109628682A
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- waste plastic
- plastic particle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
- C21C2005/5282—Charging of the electric furnace with organic contaminated scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, by in converter or electric furnace smelting, it is added waste plastic particle as raw material in converter or electric furnace, the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is (0.1~1) ton: 1 ton；Waste plastic particle Pintsch process can generate H2, CO gas and carbon black, the carbon black of pyrolysis can react with the oxygen in smelting molten steel to be generated carbon monoxide and discharges thermal energy, while H2, CO gas can be used as energy recovery utilization, reduce environmental pollution；The present invention makes full use of this potential resource of plastic refuse, it solves the problems, such as plastic resource huge waste and is endangered to environment bring, the yield and quality for recycling coal gas of converter is set to be significantly improved simultaneously, ton steel coal-gas recovering amount increases by 15~22%, unit calorific capacity and improves 15~25%, energy saving 10~30%, wide market.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reuse of waste plastics methods, and in particular to a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle.
Background technique
Pneumatic steelmaking occupies leading position in China's process for making, and byproduct-coal gas of converter therein is iron and steel enterprise
Important secondary energy sources, its recycling account for the 80%-90% of entire steel making working procedure energy recovery total amount；Therefore, converter refining is improved
The amount and matter of steel coal-gas recovering are conducive to increase steel-making benefit and efficiently reduce greenhouse gases CO2Discharge, and then it is right
Iron and steel enterprise realizes that the meaning of sustainable development is particularly significant.
Currently, China's RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS is also in lower level, generally existing coal-gas recovering rate is low, in gas recovery
CO content is low and CO2、O2The problems such as content is high.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the oxygen content in coal gas of converter is reduced, has research by being blown into coal gas of converter
Oxygen volume content in coal gas of converter is reduced to 1% or less by waste tire powder, the additive amount by controlling waste tire powder；
However, containing element sulphur in waste tire powder, sulfur dioxide gas discharge can be generated at high temperature and causes environmental pollution, meanwhile,
In order to solve the problems, such as sulfur dioxide pollution, people have to carry out mixing addition drop with waste tire powder by addition desulfurizing agent
Sulphur environmental pollution in low waste tire, but the investment for increasing raw material keeps technique more complicated, while increasing cost, reliably
Property is not high.
The problem of another merits attention be, the waste plastics in China's domestic waste account for about rubbish total amount 4%~
10%, annual output reaches 500~6,000,000 tons, and is just being increased every year with 8%~9% speed, as plastics yield surges,
Plastic refuse also constantly increases, and discarded plastic products have generated direct negative effect to environmental protection, causes harm,
It is the third-largest public hazards after atmosphere pollution, water pollution, is referred to as " white pollution " by people.Therefore, how to administer " white
Color pollution ", realizes waste plastics resource utilization and harmless treatment, has become compatriots' focus of attention；Waste plastics recycling
Recovery and utilization technology mainly includes the regeneration techniques of waste plastics, is heat-treated oiling technology, is processed into derivatived fuel combustion energy
Utilize technology and other chemical treatment methods, such as coating processed, paint, binder, light building material.
But the regeneration of waste plastics requires the composition of waste plastics relatively single, pure, could fundamentally protect in this way
Demonstrate,prove the quality and recycle value of regenerated plastics；Recycling technology of waste plastic is waste plastics resource utilization and harmless treatment
Important means and method, there is good social benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit, but since the technology wants raw material
Ask higher, it tends to be difficult to accomplish large-scale production.
It is difficult to reach large-scale production to solve the problems, such as that waste plastics recycling utilizes, scientist has invented waste plastics heat point
Solve oiling technology, the technology refer to by heat or heat and meanwhile be added certain catalyst make plastics produce fuel oil with
The waste plastics resource utilization method of fuel gas；The method can handle the waste plastics for being not easy regeneration, but most of techniques with
It handles based on similar or single waste plastics, for handling mixed waste plastic, is primarily present sorting, feed and deslagging, heat transfer at present
With the technical problems such as coking, catalyst regeneration, while there is also collect it is difficult and need to provide external heat source cause investment operation at
The problems such as this is higher.
For Rate of Converter Gas Recovery existing in the prior art, CO content is low in low, gas recovery and CO2、O2Content is high
And the problem of recycling of waste plastics hardly possible, the present invention propose to add waste plastic particle into converter or electric furnace as raw material
The pyrolysis of waste plastics powder, gasification technology are applied in metallurgy high temperature exhaust gas utilization, sufficiently benefit by the new method for preparing high-quality coal gas
With this resource of waste plastic, a new technological approaches is opened up for the utilization of metallurgy high temperature exhaust gas.
Summary of the invention
In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficiently utilizing for waste plastic particle
Method, by the way that when RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, converter or electricity is added using waste plastic particle as raw material in converter or electric furnace smelting
In furnace, achieve the purpose that safe and efficient recycling coal gas of converter, the present invention makes full use of the high temperature waste hot in smelting process, and consumption is useless
Old plastics, the pyrolysis of one side waste plastic can generate H2, CO, can be used as the product that energy recovery improves converter and/or electric furnace coal gas
Matter；A large amount of thermal energy can be released in another aspect waste plastic pyrolytic process, to save the energy, iron and steel enterprise's energy conservation is subtracted
Row, cost efficiency are of great significance.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, includes the following steps: in converter or electric furnace smelting, will be waste and old
Plastic grain is added in converter or electric furnace as raw material, and the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is (0.1~1) ton: 1
Ton.
Preferably, the waste plastic particle is phthalic acid ethylene glycol, high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), gathers
One of vinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene are a variety of.
Preferably, the granularity of the waste plastic particle is 0.5mm~20mm；When temperature is higher, the small particle of partial size
Bonding is generated, volatile matter is not easy to be precipitated from particulate interspaces, and pyrolysis gas yield reduces, and the big particle of partial size is larger due to gap
It can still will volatilize and analyze at relatively high temperatures, the yield to pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil simultaneously has no significant effect.
Preferably, the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) method of the invention in converter or electric furnace smelting in steel scrap or molten steel by when RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, adding
Enter a certain amount of waste plastic particle, make waste plastic particle using molten steel in smelting process Pintsch process pyrolysis gas with
Pyrolytic carbon black, pyrolysis gas are mainly H2, CO, the oxygen in the carbon black and coal gas of converter of pyrolysis, which reacts, generates carbon monoxide simultaneously
Discharge thermal energy, be pyrolyzed the hydrogen of generation, CO can be used as energy recovery utilization, guarantee coal-gas recovering safety simultaneously, improve
The unit calorific capacity of coal gas, reduces environmental pollution；When waste plastic particle additive amount is lower, oxygen content can be played
Effective control, when waste plastic particle additive amount is higher, additionally it is possible to which cracking generates H2, CO as energy recovery utilize, section
Save the energy.
(2) present invention process is simple and efficient, and waste plastic particle work is directly added in original gas purification recovery system
It is low in cost for raw material, it is from a wealth of sources, while solving plastic refuse bring " white pollution ".
(3) present invention process is safe and reliable, solves oxygen venting of dust explosion and high temperature spontaneous combustion problems during coal-gas recovering, real
Now close to anaerobic gas recovery, created condition to extend the more recovered steams of gasification cooling flue；
(4) present invention process environmental protection, the portion of residual carbon that plastics pyrolysis generates can be by greenhouse gases CO2It is converted to CO recycling
It utilizes, is comprehensively utilized resource, dust removing effects are had no significant effect.
(5) method of the invention is practical, and securely and reliably, control is stablized, and makes the yield and quality for recycling coal gas of converter
Be significantly improved, ton steel coal-gas recovering amount increase by 15~22%, unit calorific capacity improve 15~25%, energy conservation 10~30%,
Wide market.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated；It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention；Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus is the art conventional reagents, method
And equipment.
The waste plastic used in the embodiment of the present invention is phthalic acid ethylene glycol, high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene
One of alkene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene are a variety of.
Coal gas of converter main component is generally (volume fraction): CO is 45~65%, H2< 2%, CO2For 15~25%, O2
For 1~3%, N2It is 24~38%；Coal gas of converter calorific capacity is in 6500~8400KJ/m3。
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, the converter used is smelted for 120t converter,
The waste plastic particle used is phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle, the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle
Granularity be 10mm.
In converter smelting when RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, add using the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle as raw material
Enter in converter, the amount ratio of the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 135m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 68~85%, CO24~10%, H23~5%, O20.1~0.5%, surplus is that methane etc. has
Machine object.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 110m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component by percent by volume be CO 45~70%, CO210~25%, H20.5~1%, O20.4~
1.2%, surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 22% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
25% is improved, energy conservation 30%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting the converter used for 100t converter, in RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, converter be added using waste plastic particle as raw material
In, the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.1 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 118m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 65~81%, CO26~12%, H22~5%, O20.3~0.5%, surplus is that methane etc. has
Machine object.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 100m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component by percent by volume be CO 45~65%, CO210~20%, H20.5~1%, O20.4~
1.0%, surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 15% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
15% is improved, energy conservation 10%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting that use be 60t converter.
In RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, using waste plastic particle as raw material be added converter in, the waste plastic particle with
The amount ratio of steel scrap is 1 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 113m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 75~88%, CO25~10%, H22~4%, O20.2~0.5%, surplus is that methane etc. has
Machine object.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 98m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component is CO 65~75%, CO by percent by volume212~17%, H20.5~1%, O20.8~1.0%,
Surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 20% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
20% is improved, energy conservation 25%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In the granularity of the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle is 0.5mm.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, test are compared with waste plastic particle is not added, after steel smelting per ton
Coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 22%, and coal gas unit calorific capacity averagely improves 23%, energy conservation 29%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In the granularity of the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle is 20mm.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, test are compared with waste plastic particle is not added, after steel smelting per ton
Coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 15%, and coal gas unit calorific capacity averagely improves 15%, energy conservation 15%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting the converter used for 120t converter, the waste plastic particle used is described for high density polyethylene (HDPE) waste plastic particle
The granularity of high density polyethylene (HDPE) waste plastic particle is 10mm.
It in RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, is added waste plastic particle as raw material in converter, the high density polyethylene (HDPE) is useless
The amount ratio of old plastic grain and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 130m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 67~79%, CO25~10%, H22~4%, O20.4~0.7%, surplus is that methane etc. has
Machine object.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 110m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component by percent by volume be CO 65~75%, CO215~20%, H20.5~1%, O20.6~
1.0%, surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 18% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
20% is improved, energy conservation 26%.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting that use be 120t electric furnace, the waste plastic particle used is polyvinyl chloride waste plastic particle, the polyvinyl chloride
The granularity 10mm of waste plastic particle.
In electric furnace coal-gas recovering, it is added the polyvinyl chloride waste plastic particle as raw material in electric furnace, it is described poly-
The amount ratio of vinyl chloride waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, test are compared with waste plastic particle is not added, after steel smelting per ton
Unit calorific capacity averagely improves 22%, energy conservation 27%.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment provides a kind of Efficient utilization methods of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting the converter used for 120t converter, the waste plastic particle used is polypropylene waste plastic particle, the polypropylene
The granularity of waste plastic particle is 10mm.
In RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, it is added the polypropylene waste plastic particle as raw material in converter, described poly- third
The amount ratio of alkene waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 125m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 73~81%, CO26~12%, H21~5%, O20.4~0.6%, surplus is that methane etc. has
Machine object.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 108m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component by percent by volume be CO 65~75%, CO215~20%, H20.5~1%, O20.6~1.0%,
Surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 16% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
20% is improved, energy conservation 28%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting the converter used for 120t converter, the waste plastic particle used is phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle, institute
The granularity for stating phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle is 22mm.
In RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, it is added the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle as raw material in converter,
The amount ratio of the phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, and the average gas volume of recycling is 123m3/ ton steel, the coal gas of recycling mainly at
Dividing by percent by volume is CO 65~75%, CO210~14%, H21~2%, O20.4~1.0%, surplus is methane etc.
Organic matter.
Waste plastic particle is not added and compares test, and the average gas volume of coal-gas recovering is 110m3/ ton steel, recycling
Coal gas main component by percent by volume be CO 45~60%, CO215~20%, H20.5~1%, O20.6~
1.2%, surplus is nitrogen etc..
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 12% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
20% is improved, energy conservation 8%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In smelting that use be 120t electric furnace, the waste plastic particle used is described useless for phthalic acid ethylene glycol waste plastic particle
The granularity of old plastic grain is 10mm.
In electric furnace smelting when RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, it is added waste plastic particle as raw material in converter, it is described waste and old
Plastic grain is 1.2 tons: 1 tons with the amount ratio of steel scrap.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, test are compared with waste plastic particle is not added, after steel smelting per ton
Coal gas unit calorific capacity averagely improves 12%, energy conservation 6%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, and compared with Example 1, difference exists
In the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is 0.08 ton: 1 ton.
10 tests are carried out according to the above method, the coal gas main component of recycling is CO 50~65% by percent by volume,
CO28~12%, H20.8~1.2%, O20.6~1.2%, surplus is the organic matters such as methane.
Compared with original technology, coal-gas recovering amount averagely increases by 12% after steel smelting per ton, and coal gas unit calorific capacity is average
6% is improved, energy conservation 5%.
The above, only of the invention illustrates embodiment, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation,
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, that makes several changes
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into supplement；All those skilled in the art, do not depart from spirit of that invention and
In the case where range, using the equivalent variations of a little change, modification and differentiation that disclosed above technology contents are made, it is
Equivalent embodiment of the invention；Meanwhile any equivalent variations that all substantial technologicals according to the present invention do above-described embodiment
Change, modification and differentiation, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle, which comprises the steps of: in converter or electric furnace smelting
When, it is added waste plastic particle as raw material in converter or electric furnace, the amount ratio of the waste plastic particle and steel scrap is
(0.1~1) ton: 1 ton.
2. a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waste and old modeling
Expect that particle is in phthalic acid ethylene glycol, high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene
It is one or more.
3. a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waste and old modeling
The granularity for expecting particle is 0.5mm~20mm.
4. a kind of Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waste and old modeling
The amount ratio for expecting particle and steel scrap is 0.5 ton: 1 ton.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811550227.8A CN109628682B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Efficient utilization method of waste plastic particles |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114921106A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Direct-vat-set pyrolytic carbon black and pyrolytic oil functional asphalt mixture modified particles and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109628682B (en) | 2022-05-17 |
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