CN109617385A - A kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit - Google Patents
A kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109617385A CN109617385A CN201910110881.5A CN201910110881A CN109617385A CN 109617385 A CN109617385 A CN 109617385A CN 201910110881 A CN201910110881 A CN 201910110881A CN 109617385 A CN109617385 A CN 109617385A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuits.The capacitor pre-charge circuit includes: inductance L1, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, voltage reference, capacitor C2, diode D1, drive control circuit and current detection circuit；The components such as PTC resistor, NTC resistance or the cement resistor in conventional power source circuit are replaced using capacitor pre-charge circuit of the present invention, so as to avoid power supply in the high temperature environment within very short interval time the problem of repeated switching, and then improve the reliability of electronic circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power electronics, more particularly to a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit.
Background technique
Currently, high-precision equipment wants higher and higher to the performance of power supply, in order to improve the characteristic of power input output, generally
Bigger capacitor can be added in the input/output terminal of power supply, the dynamic that the addition of these input/output terminal capacitors can improve power supply is special
Property and ripple characteristics.However, the addition of bulky capacitor can cause very big dash current, lead to the dash current mistake of power supply unit
Greatly.Such as: in the capacitor of switch DC (the boost converter, BOOST) Boost topology input/output terminal；It is boosting
The capacitor of type PFC (BOOST-Power Factor Correction, BOOST-PFC) circuit output end；Exchange
Input, the bus capacitor etc. accessed after all-wave, half-wave or silicon controlled rectifier, these capacitors can all draw in the moment of booting
Play very big dash current, and the dash current that input terminal is excessive, it is desirable to provide the power supply of higher power；Output end rushes
Hitting electric current will increase electronic circuit failure risk, meanwhile, the big several-fold amount of desire, leads when needing to stop in design than working normally
The volume and cost for sending a telegraph source can all increase very much.
At this stage in order to inhibit dash current caused by capacitor in start process, it will usually pass through and increase positive temperature coefficient
(Positive Temperature Coeffficient, PTC) resistance or negative temperature coefficient (Nagetive
Temperature Coefficient, NTC) resistance or cement resistor realize that the precharge of output capacitance, inhibition were switched on
Dash current in journey.
For inhibit start process in dash current, existing pre-charge circuit as shown in Figure 1, wherein R be PTC resistor or
Person NTC resistance or cement resistor；Before booting, DC input voitage is using L2 after C1 is filtered, and D2, R are to output
Capacitor C3 charging；After the voltage of capacitor C3 is charged to close to input voltage size, main power circuit can control relay closure；
Power switch tube allows output voltage slowly to rise, reaches set BOOST voltage by having delayed duty ratio.But if R is selected
PTC resistor is selected, in the high temperature environment or switching on and shutting down are repeated in power supply within very short time interval time, and PTC impedance will
What is become is very big, and power supply is caused to be had no idea normal boot-strap；In low temperature environment, PTC impedance again will be smaller, leads to booting
When dash current it is excessive.If R selects NTC resistance, in low temperature environment, NTC impedance will become very big, will lead to power supply
It has no idea normal boot-strap；In the high temperature environment or switching on and shutting down, NTC resistance is repeated in power supply within very short interval time
It is anti-to become very little, it will dash current is excessive when causing to be switched on；If R selects cement resistor, although property at high and low temperature ratio
Preferably, but multiple cement resistors is generally required inside a power supply and are used in series and parallel, be thus the volume for leading to power supply
Weight all greatly increases, and is difficult to apply in some pairs of weight and the very high environment of volume requirement.
Therefore, existing pre-charge circuit still exist booting dash current it is excessive, thus increase power supply volume and at
This, and then the problem for causing pre-charge circuit reliability low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuits, there is booting punching to solve existing pre-charge circuit
Hit that electric current is excessive, the low problem of reliability.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit, the capacitor pre-charge circuit are applied to a kind of power circuit, the power circuit
Including BOOST circuit, BOOST-PFC circuit and AC rectification filter circuit；The capacitor pre-charge circuit includes: inductance
L1, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, voltage reference, capacitor C2, two poles
Pipe D1, drive control circuit and current detection circuit；
One end of the inductance L1 is connected with the input terminal of the power circuit, the other end of the inductance L1 with it is described
The anode of diode D1 is connected, the cathode of the diode D1 respectively with the collector of the switching tube Q1, the resistance R1
One end and one end of the resistance R2 be connected；The other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q2
It connecing, the base stage of the switching tube Q2 is connected with the first end of the other end of the resistance R2 and the voltage reference respectively,
The emitter of the switching tube Q2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C2；It is controlled respectively with the driving one end of the resistance R3
The first end of circuit processed and the first end of the current detection circuit are connected；The other end of the resistance R3 respectively with it is described
One end of resistance R4, the voltage reference second end be connected；The other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively with the resistance R4's
The other end, the third end of the voltage reference, one end of the resistance R5 and the output end of the power circuit are connected；
The second end of the drive control circuit is connected with the second end of the current detection circuit, the drive control
The third end of circuit is connected with the base stage of the switching tube Q1；The emitter of the switching tube Q1 is respectively with the resistance R5's
The third end of the other end and the current detection circuit is connected.
Optionally, the drive control circuit is totem-pote circuit；
The totem-pote circuit includes switching tube Q4 and switching tube Q5；
The emitter of the switching tube Q4 is connected with one end of the R3；The base stage of the switching tube Q4 respectively with it is described
Operational amplifier in the base stage of switching tube Q5 and the current detection circuit is connected；The collector of the switching tube Q4 point
It is not connected with the base stage of the collector of the switching tube Q5 and the switching tube Q1；The emitter of the switching tube Q5 and institute
The output end for stating power circuit is connected.
Optionally, further includes: resistance R6, resistance R7 and diode D3；
The resistance R7 is set between the current detection circuit and one end of the resistance R3；The resistance R7's
One end is connected with one end of one end of the resistance R3 and the resistance R6 respectively, the other end of the resistance R7 respectively with
The cathode of operational amplifier and the diode D3 in the current detection circuit is connected；The anode of the diode D3
It is connected with the output end of the power circuit.
Optionally, the current detection circuit specifically includes: operational amplifier, resistance R9, resistance R10 and resistance R11；
The anode of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the resistance R10, the cathode point of the operational amplifier
It is not connected with one end of one end of the resistance R9 and the resistance R11；The other end and the resistance of the resistance R10
The other end of R5 is connected；The other end of the resistance R11 is connected with the other end of the resistance R6.
Optionally, further includes: capacitor C4, capacitor C5 and resistance R8；
The capacitor C4 is in parallel with the resistance R8, and one end of capacitor C4 other end with the resistance R6 respectively
And the other end of the resistance R11 is connected；The other end of the capacitor C4 is positive, described with the diode D3 respectively
The output end of the emitter of switching tube Q5, one end of the capacitor C5 and the power circuit is connected；The capacitor C5's
The other end is connected with the other end of the other end of the resistance R5 and the resistance R10 respectively.
Optionally, the switching tube Q1 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or field effect
Answer device；
The switching tube Q2 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron；
The switching tube Q4 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron；
The switching tube Q5 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron.
Optionally, the inductance L1 is by chip inductor, plug-in unit inductance or the plane electricity drawn by multilayer printed circuit board
Sense.
Capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diode D1 is two pole of counnter attack
Pipe.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: the invention discloses one kind
Capacitor pre-charge circuit overcomes high temperature ring instead of PTC resistor, NTC resistance or the cement resistor in conventional power source circuit
During repeated switching in border or in low temperature environment the problems such as PTC resistor, NTC resistance bring starting exception, improve
The reliability of electronic circuit；It is the problems such as improving the volume and weight of cement resistor in circuit, close for power supply miniaturization, high power
Degreeization provides condition.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing pre-charge circuit provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in BOOST circuit；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in BOOST-PFC circuit；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in AC rectification filter circuit；
Fig. 5 is provided by the present invention based on the improved another capacitor preliminary filling of capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by Fig. 2
The circuit diagram of circuit；
Fig. 6 is the waveform diagram of the key node in Fig. 5 provided by the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the expanded view of the waveform provided by the present invention based on Fig. 6.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuits, can be improved the reliability of electronic circuit.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in dotted line frame in Fig. 2-Fig. 4, a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit, the capacitor pre-charge circuit is applied to one kind
Power circuit, the power circuit include BOOST circuit, BOOST-PFC circuit and AC rectification filter circuit；The capacitor
Pre-charge circuit includes: inductance L1, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, electricity
Press benchmark, capacitor C2, diode D1, drive control circuit and current detection circuit；One end of the inductance L1 and the electricity
The input terminal of source circuit is connected, and the other end of the inductance L1 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the diode
The cathode of D1 is connected with one end of the collector of the switching tube Q1, one end of the resistance R1 and the resistance R2 respectively
It connects；The other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q2, the base stage of the switching tube Q2 respectively with institute
The first end of the other end and the voltage reference of stating resistance R2 is connected, the emitter and the capacitor of the switching tube Q1
One end of C2 is connected；One end of the resistance R3 respectively with the first end of the drive control circuit and the current detecting
The first end of circuit is connected；The other end of the resistance R3 respectively with one end of the resistance R4, the voltage reference
Two ends are connected；The other end of the capacitor C2 respectively with the other end of the resistance R4, the third end of the voltage reference, institute
The output end of one end and the power circuit for stating resistance R5 is connected；The second end of the drive control circuit and the electricity
The second end of current detection circuit is connected, and the third end of the drive control circuit is connected with the base stage of the switching tube Q1；
The emitter of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the third end of the other end of the resistance R5 and the current detection circuit respectively
It connects.Wherein, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, switching tube Q2 and voltage reference form linear power supply, described linear
Power supply can also be by other linear voltage circuitry insteads.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in BOOST circuit, as shown in Fig. 2, adopting
With pre-charge circuit provided by the present invention instead of PTC resistor in BOOST circuit, NTC resistance or cement resistor.
Before the work of BOOST main power circuit, precharging circuit will be charged to output capacitance C3 input voltage size；Directly
Input voltage is flowed by powering for linear voltage-stabilizing circuit, obtaining the burning voltage VDD, VDD based on reference point after filter capacitor C2
It powers for drive control circuit and current detection circuit；Current detection circuit detects that resistance R5 powers on the voltage letter that circulation changes into
Number, drive control circuit is fed back to, drive control circuit judges the on-off of the size control switch pipe Q1 of electric current.
When switching tube Q1 conducting, input direct-current passes through filter inductance L1, diode D1, switching tube Q1, to output capacitance
C3 charges.Charging current is risen with certain slope, after charging current value reaches set maximum charging current, electricity
Current detection circuit can feed back to drive control circuit, drive control circuit can on-off switching tube Q1, by the charging in multiple periods,
Capacitor C3 voltage is filled height；After capacitor C3 voltage is close to input voltage size, main power circuit can closing relay K1, preliminary filling
Circuit no longer works.
After relay K1 closure, the master power switch pipe Q3 start-up operation of BOOST topology, according to having delayed setting for time
Fixed, duty ratio is changed from small to big, and the voltage above output capacitance C3 reaches the size of set BOOST output voltage；By
In there is counnter attack diode D1, output voltage will not be poured into direct current input side by the way that pre-charge circuit is counter；It is provided by the present invention pre-
Charging circuit overcomes in hot environment instead of PTC resistor, NTC resistance or cement resistor, in low temperature environment, opens repeatedly
The problems such as PTC resistor in shutdown process, the meeting bring starting of NTC resistance is abnormal, improve the reliability of electronic circuit；It improves
In circuit the problems such as the volume and weight of cement resistor, high power density is minimized for power supply and provides condition.
Under normal conditions, BOOST circuit is not support output short circuit protection function, but preliminary filling provided by the present invention
The short-circuit protection for being incorporated as BOOST circuit of circuit provides a solution.
When output detects that short circuit current, main power can turn off relay K1, at this time pre-charge circuit is started working.
Since output end is in short-circuit condition, as long as switching tube Q1 is opened, charging current can be steeply risen, when the charging electricity for reaching restriction
Size is flowed, drive control circuit meeting on-off switching tube Q1, as long as output terminal shortcircuit exists, the voltage of capacitor C3 would not be filled up
Come, main power will not be closed K1；Until output end short-circuit condition disappears, capacitor C3 is charged to input voltage size, main power
It can be just closed K1, switching tube Q3 starts to work.
The D1 realizes that either two diodes place switches pipe Q1 respectively using an independent diode
It is realized with two branches of linear voltage stabilization.Switching tube Q1 is realized using NMOS or control switch, bipolar devices or field-effect
Device.The current detecting is detected using resistance detection electric current either sensor, and drive control circuit is using discrete first device
The driving of part totem realizes that either integrated drive chips are realized；Either it is integrated with the core of current detecting and drive control
Piece realizes current detecting and drive control.The linear voltage-stabilizing circuit realizes that either three ends are steady using discrete component
Chip is pressed to realize.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in BOOST-PFC circuit.Using this hair
Pre-charge circuit provided by bright is instead of PTC resistor in BOOST-PFC circuit, NTC resistance or cement resistor.
Before the work of BOOST-PFC main power circuit, precharging circuit will be charged to output capacitance C3 at input AC peak
The size of threshold voltage；AC-input voltage is rectified into M type wave, by filter inductance L1, counnter attack diode by bridge rectifier
D1 powers for linear voltage-stabilizing circuit.When input voltage is greater than vdd voltage, linear voltage-stabilizing circuit is worked normally, and obtains base
It powers in the burning voltage VDD, VDD of reference point for drive control circuit and current detection circuit；Current detection circuit detects
R5 powers on the voltage signal that circulation changes into, feeds back to drive control circuit, and drive control circuit judges that the size control of electric current is opened
Close the on-off of pipe Q1.
When switching tube Q1 conducting, input direct-current passes through filter inductance L1, diode D1, switching tube Q1, to output capacitance
C3 charges.Charging current is risen with certain slope, after charging current value reaches set maximum charging current, electricity
Current detection circuit can feed back to drive control circuit, drive control circuit can on-off switching tube Q1, by the charging in multiple periods,
Capacitor C3 voltage is filled height；After capacitor C3 voltage inputs crest voltage size close to exchange, main power circuit can closing relay
Device K1, precharging circuit no longer work.
After relay K1 closure, the master power switch pipe Q3 of BOOST-PFC circuit starts to work, according to having delayed the time
Setting, duty ratio can be changed according to loop, and output voltage is allowed to delay.Voltage above output capacitance C3 reaches set
The size of fixed PFC output voltage；Due to there is counnter attack diode D1, output voltage will not be poured into direct current by the way that pre-charge circuit is counter
Input side；Pre-charge circuit provided by the present invention overcomes high temperature ring instead of PTC resistor, NTC resistance or cement resistor
In border, in low temperature environment, PTC resistor during repeated switching, NTC resistance meeting bring starts the problems such as abnormal, improves
The reliability of electronic circuit；The problems such as improving the volume and weight of cement resistor in circuit, it is close to minimize high power for power supply
Degreeization provides condition.
Under normal conditions, BOOST-PFC circuit is not support output short circuit protection function, but the pre-charge circuit
The short-circuit protection for being incorporated as BOOST-PFC circuit provides a solution.
When output detects that short circuit current, main power can turn off relay K1, at this time pre-charge circuit is started working.
Since output end is in short-circuit condition, as long as switching tube Q1 is opened, charging current can be steeply risen, when the charging electricity for reaching restriction
Size is flowed, drive control circuit can on-off switching tube Q1；As long as exporting terminal shortcircuit to exist, the voltage of capacitor C3 would not be filled up
Come, main power circuit will not closing relay K1；Until output end short-circuit condition disappears, capacitor C3 is charged to close to exchange input
After crest voltage size, main power just understands closing relay K1, and Q3 is allowed to start to work.
The D1 realizes that either two diodes place switches pipe Q1 respectively using an independent diode
It is realized with two branches of linear voltage stabilization；Switching tube Q1 is realized using NMOS or control switch, bipolar devices or field-effect
Device；The current detecting is detected using resistance detection electric current either sensor, and drive control circuit is using discrete first device
The driving of part totem realizes that either integrated drive chips are realized；Either it is integrated with the core of current detecting and drive control
Piece realizes current detecting and drive control.The linear voltage-stabilizing circuit realizes that either three ends are steady using discrete component
Chip is pressed to realize.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by the invention is applied in AC rectification filter circuit.Using
Pre-charge circuit provided by the present invention is instead of PTC resistor in circuit, NTC resistance or cement resistor.
Before relay K1 closure, precharging circuit will be charged to output capacitance C3 the big of input AC crest voltage
It is small.AC-input voltage is rectified into M type wave by bridge rectifier, is linear steady by filter inductance L1, counnter attack diode D1
Volt circuit power supply；When voltage is when being greater than vdd voltage, linear voltage-stabilizing circuit is worked normally, and obtains based on the steady of reference point
Constant voltage VDD, VDD are that drive control circuit and current detection circuit are powered.Current detection circuit detects that R5 powers on circulation and changes
At voltage signal, feed back to drive control circuit, drive control circuit judges the on-off of the size control switch pipe Q1 of electric current.
When switching tube Q1 conducting, input direct-current passes through filter inductance L1, diode D1, switching tube Q1, to output capacitance
C3 charges.Charging current is risen with certain slope, after charging current value reaches set maximum charging current, electricity
Current detection circuit can feed back to drive control circuit, drive control circuit can on-off switching tube Q1, by the charging in multiple periods,
Capacitor C3 voltage is filled height.After capacitor C3 voltage inputs crest voltage size close to exchange, main power circuit can closing relay
Device K1, precharging circuit no longer work.
Fig. 5 is provided by the present invention based on the improved another capacitor preliminary filling of capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by Fig. 2
The circuit diagram of circuit, as shown in figure 5, by resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, diode D4, switching tube Q2 composition
Linear stable；Diode D4 uses 431 voltage reference as linear power supply, and resistance R3 and resistance R4 form feedback net
Network, switching tube Q2 are that NMOS works in linear zone；Linear power supply exports the burning voltage VDD based on reference point, is current detecting
It powers with drive control circuit.
Resistance R9, resistance R10, resistance R11 and operational amplifier U1 constitute current detecting and switching tube Q1 control signal
Circuit；It can be the integrated chip with similar functions, drive control circuit and current detection circuit also can integrate at one
Inside chip.The anode of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the resistance R10, the cathode point of the operational amplifier
It is not connected with one end of one end of the resistance R9 and the resistance R11；The other end and the resistance of the resistance R10
The other end of R5 is connected；The other end of the resistance R11 is connected with the other end of the resistance R6；Resistance R7 is set to described
Between one end of current detection circuit and the resistance R3；One end of resistance R7 one end with the resistance R3 respectively
And one end of the resistance R6 is connected, the other end of the resistance R7 is put with the operation in the current detection circuit respectively
The cathode of big device and the diode D3 are connected；The anode of the diode D3 is connected with the output end of the power circuit
It connects；The capacitor C4 is in parallel with the resistance R8, and one end of the capacitor C4 respectively with the other end of the resistance R6 and
The other end of the resistance R11 is connected；The other end of the capacitor C4 respectively with positive, the described switch of the diode D3
The output end of the emitter of pipe Q5, one end of the capacitor C5 and the power circuit is connected；The capacitor C5's is another
End is connected with the other end of the other end of the resistance R5 and the resistance R10 respectively.
Benchmark of the VDD compared with resistance R6 is after resistance R8 partial pressure as sluggishness, the charging current for flowing through R5 are converted into
Voltage is sent to the other end of hysteresis comparator；Switching tube Q4, switching tube Q5 form totem-pote circuit and are used for driving switch pipe Q1；
It can be the integrated chip with similar functions, drive control circuit and current detection circuit also can integrate in a chip
Face.The emitter of the switching tube Q4 is connected with one end of the R3；The base stage of the switching tube Q4 respectively with the switch
Operational amplifier in the base stage of pipe Q5 and the current detection circuit is connected；The collector of the switching tube Q4 respectively with
The base stage of the collector of the switching tube Q5 and the switching tube Q1 are connected；The emitter and the electricity of the switching tube Q5
The output end of source circuit is connected.
Before the work of BOOST main power circuit, precharging circuit will be charged to output capacitance C3 input voltage size；Directly
Input voltage is flowed through filter inductance L1, counnter attack diode D1, is powered for linear voltage-stabilizing circuit, obtains stablizing electricity based on reference point
Press VDD.
When switching tube Q1 conducting, input direct-current passes through filter inductance L1, and diode D1, switching tube Q1 is to output capacitance C3
It charges, charging current is risen with certain slope, sluggish after charging current value reaches set maximum charging current
Comparator overturning, totem driving circuit can on-off switching tube Q1.
After switching tube Q1 shutdown, after charging current is less than hysteresis comparator lower limit, hysteresis comparator overturning, totem is driven
Dynamic circuit can open switching tube Q1.By the charging in multiple periods, capacitor C3 voltage is filled height；When the close input of capacitor C3 voltage
Voltage swing, linear power supply stop working, and main power circuit meeting closing relay K1, precharging circuit no longer works.
The current detecting is detected using resistance detection electric current either sensor, and drive control circuit uses discrete member
The driving of device totem realizes that either integrated drive chips are realized；Either it is integrated with current detecting and drive control
Chip realizes current detecting and drive control；The linear voltage-stabilized power supply circuit is realized either using discrete component
Three-terminal regulator chip is realized.
Fig. 6 is the waveform diagram of the key node in Fig. 5 provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, wherein the crucial section
Point is provided by the present invention be based in power up, to judge the voltage and current waveform of bus capacitor charging process, Fig. 7
The expanded view of the waveform of Fig. 6；Wherein, the output voltage waveforms of output capacitance C3 over the ground are the C3_Vout in Fig. 7, and C3_Vout is
The capacitance voltage of capacitor C3)；The grid source electrode waveform of switching tube Q1 is the Q1-Vgs in Fig. 7, and Q1-Vgs is the driving of switching tube Q1
Voltage；The current detecting waveform that electric current flows through after resistance R5 relative to reference point is shown in that the R5_Isense in Fig. 7, R5_Isense are
Detection voltage on current sense resistor R5；Charging current waveform is the I_charge in Fig. 7, and I_charge is filling for capacitor C3
Electric current waveform.
Can be seen that the voltage on capacitor C3 from Fig. 6-Fig. 7 is slowly risen, finally quilt with the switch of switching tube Q1
It is charged near input voltage 300Vdc.When switching tube Q1 is connected, charging current rises, after reaching certain value, driving control
Circuit processed turns off the switch pipe Q1；After electric current drops to certain value, drive control circuit turns on the switch pipe Q1, continues to charge.From
As can be seen that the pre-charge circuit can be completed to be pre-charged output capacitance in waveform.
Since the input and output capacitor of power supply can generate very big dash current, excessive dash current in start process
Integrity problem can be brought, therefore, when power input output end has bulky capacitor booting, using capacitor preliminary filling provided by the present invention
Circuit is pre-charged capacitor, to inhibit the dash current in start process, the size of pre-charge current can be set,
Control precharge time；The volume of power supply can also be reduced；By in pre-charge circuit provided by the present invention replacement power circuit
The components such as PTC resistor, NTC resistance or the cement resistor in portion, can effectively improve the reliability of electronic circuit.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of capacitor pre-charge circuit, which is characterized in that the capacitor pre-charge circuit is applied to a kind of power circuit, described
Power circuit includes BOOST circuit, BOOST-PFC circuit and AC rectification filter circuit；The capacitor pre-charge circuit packet
It includes: inductance L1, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, resistance R5, voltage reference, capacitor
C2, diode D1, drive control circuit and current detection circuit；
One end of the inductance L1 is connected with the input terminal of the power circuit, the other end of the inductance L1 and two pole
The anode of pipe D1 is connected, the cathode of the diode D1 respectively with the collector of the switching tube Q1, the resistance R1 one
End and one end of the resistance R2 are connected；The other end of the resistance R1 is connected with the collector of the switching tube Q2,
The base stage of the switching tube Q2 is connected with the first end of the other end of the resistance R2 and the voltage reference respectively, described
The emitter of switching tube Q2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C2；One end of the resistance R3 is electric with the drive control respectively
The first end on road and the first end of the current detection circuit are connected；The other end of the resistance R3 respectively with the resistance
One end of R4, the voltage reference second end be connected；The other end of the capacitor C2 is another with the resistance R4 respectively
End, the third end of the voltage reference, one end of the resistance R5 and the output end of the power circuit are connected；
The second end of the drive control circuit is connected with the second end of the current detection circuit, the drive control circuit
Third end be connected with the base stage of the switching tube Q1；The emitter of the switching tube Q1 is another with the resistance R5 respectively
End and the third end of the current detection circuit are connected.
2. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drive control circuit is totem electricity
Road；
The totem-pote circuit includes switching tube Q4 and switching tube Q5；
The emitter of the switching tube Q4 is connected with one end of the R3；The base stage of the switching tube Q4 respectively with the switch
Operational amplifier in the base stage of pipe Q5 and the current detection circuit is connected；The collector of the switching tube Q4 respectively with
The base stage of the collector of the switching tube Q5 and the switching tube Q1 are connected；The emitter and the electricity of the switching tube Q5
The output end of source circuit is connected.
3. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include: resistance R6, resistance R7 and two
Pole pipe D3；
The resistance R7 is set between the current detection circuit and one end of the resistance R3；One end of the resistance R7
Be connected respectively with one end of one end of the resistance R3 and the resistance R6, the other end of the resistance R7 respectively with it is described
The cathode of operational amplifier and the diode D3 in current detection circuit is connected；The anode of the diode D3 and institute
The output end for stating power circuit is connected.
4. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the current detection circuit specifically includes:
Operational amplifier, resistance R9, resistance R10 and resistance R11；
The operational amplifier anode be connected with one end of the resistance R10, the cathode of the operational amplifier respectively with
One end of the resistance R9 and one end of the resistance R11 are connected；The other end of the resistance R10 is with the resistance R5's
The other end is connected；The other end of the resistance R11 is connected with the other end of the resistance R6.
5. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include: capacitor C4, capacitor C5 and electricity
Hinder R8；
The capacitor C4 is in parallel with the resistance R8, and one end of the capacitor C4 respectively with the other end of the resistance R6 and
The other end of the resistance R11 is connected；The other end of the capacitor C4 respectively with positive, the described switch of the diode D3
The output end of the emitter of pipe Q5, one end of the capacitor C5 and the power circuit is connected；The capacitor C5's is another
End is connected with the other end of the other end of the resistance R5 and the resistance R10 respectively.
6. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the switching tube Q1 is the oxidation of N-type metal
Object transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron；
The switching tube Q2 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron；
The switching tube Q4 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron；
The switching tube Q5 is N-type MOS transistor, control switch, bipolar devices or fieldtron.
7. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inductance L1 is chip inductor, plug-in unit
Inductance or the planar inductor drawn by multilayer printed circuit board.
8. capacitor pre-charge circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diode D1 is counnter attack diode.
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| CN201910110881.5A CN109617385B (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2019-02-12 | Capacitor precharge circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022073450A1 (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-04-14 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Direct current converter, control method, vehicle, device, program, and medium |
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| CN109617385B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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