CN109617010B - Over-voltage and under-voltage protection device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Over-voltage and under-voltage protection device and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109617010B
CN109617010B CN201811486972.0A CN201811486972A CN109617010B CN 109617010 B CN109617010 B CN 109617010B CN 201811486972 A CN201811486972 A CN 201811486972A CN 109617010 B CN109617010 B CN 109617010B
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power
resistor
incoming line
circuit
voltage
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CN109617010A (en
Inventor
潘东强
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Ningbo Gongniu Low Voltage Electric Co Ltd
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Bull Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/06—Arrangements for supplying operative power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of overvoltage and undervoltage protection, and provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises: a power switching device for cutting off power supply to the electronic circuit when the power supply voltage is too high; and the electronic circuit controls the power switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker. The control end of the power supply switching device is controlled by the electronic circuit, the power supply switching device provides a path of contact which can be controlled to be disconnected for the electronic circuit, and the power supply of the electronic circuit is disconnected when the incoming line voltage exceeds the upper limit, so the electronic circuit controls the power supply switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker, and when the incoming line end is opposite to the outgoing line end, the protection function of the power supply switching device can be consistent with that of a traditional overvoltage and undervoltage.

Description

Over-voltage and under-voltage protection device and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of overvoltage and undervoltage protection, and particularly relates to an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device and a control method thereof.
Background
In the power supply line, overvoltage or undervoltage may occur due to the change of a large load, thereby causing damage to other electric devices. The ' civil building electrical design code ' JGJ16-2008 executed in 2008 specifies that the inlet line end of the residential distribution box is provided with a short circuit protector, an overload protector, an over-voltage protector and an under-voltage protector '. The self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protection electric appliance can cut off the power supply of the rear-end load when the voltage of a power supply line is abnormal (overvoltage or undervoltage), and can automatically or manually recover the power supply of the rear-end load when the voltage of the line is recovered to be normal.
In order to meet the requirement of self-reset function, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection electric appliance needs to monitor the line voltage all the time, so that the electronic circuit in the prior art adopts a line inlet end electricity taking mode, and the electronic circuit is always kept in a charged state even if the line voltage is in an overvoltage or undervoltage state. In the self-recovery undervoltage protection (OUPA) specified in the standard JB/T12762-2015, the undervoltage protection device with a rated voltage of 230V needs to protect the 440V overvoltage, which requires that the electronic circuit can normally operate at a voltage of more than 440V, but due to the limitation of electronic devices (such as voltage dependent resistors, MOSFETs, electrolytic capacitors, etc.), the normal operating voltage of the electronic circuit cannot be infinite. When the line voltage exceeds the upper limit voltage, an electronic circuit of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection electric appliance is damaged, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection electric appliance fails, the line voltage monitoring fails, and the line voltage can be continuously monitored only by replacing the overvoltage and undervoltage protector.
Similarly, because of the requirement of self-recovery, the existing overvoltage and undervoltage protectors all adopt the incoming line terminal to get electricity, so that the incoming line terminal and the outgoing line terminal need to be specified or corresponding configuration is carried out before wiring, and the use is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device and a control method thereof, aiming at solving the problem of switching the power taking mode of a wire outlet end and the power taking mode of a wire inlet end to protect an electronic circuit when the voltage of the circuit exceeds the upper limit voltage.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device comprises:
a power switching device for cutting off power supply to the electronic circuit when the power supply voltage is too high;
electronic circuit, according to inlet wire voltage and circuit breaker state, control power switching device switches the inlet wire end and gets the electricity and get the electricity mode with the outlet wire end, specifically includes:
in an initial state, the electronic circuit takes electricity from a wire outlet end;
detecting the current incoming line voltage;
judging whether the current incoming line voltage is in a normal range:
if yes, controlling the power switching device to maintain at the normally closed contact; judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the switching-on and switching-off state of the circuit breaker and the power failure condition of an electronic circuit;
otherwise, controlling the power supply switching device to switch to a normally open contact, switching the electronic circuit to the incoming line end to get electricity, and controlling the operating mechanism to disconnect the breaker;
judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the power loss condition of the power supply voltage;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and the power supply switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage, so that the switching between the power taking of the outgoing line end and the power taking of the incoming line end is realized.
Still further, the power switching apparatus includes:
the relay is provided with a normally open contact, a normally closed contact and a control end; the normally open contact of the relay is connected with the wire inlet end, the normally closed contact is connected with the wire outlet end, and the control end is controlled by the electronic circuit. Further, the electronic circuit includes:
a DC-DC circuit for providing a stable voltage to the whole device;
the voltage acquisition circuit acquires incoming line voltage and transmits the incoming line voltage to the single chip microcomputer;
a driving circuit for controlling the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the motor according to the instruction of the singlechip;
the power-taking control circuit controls the power switching device to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end;
and the singlechip controls the power supply switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage, and controls the motor to rotate forwards or reversely.
Still further, the DC-DC circuit includes:
the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected with the incoming line voltage and is used for rectifying and filtering the incoming line voltage;
the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit and is used for supplying power to the whole device after the voltage output by the rectifying and filtering circuit is subjected to DC-DC conversion;
and a feedback circuit for maintaining the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit stable.
Further, the electronic circuit further includes:
and the indicating circuit is used for acquiring two paths of I/O states of the singlechip and controlling two paths of LED display by the singlechip.
Still further, the voltage acquisition circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a fifth diode;
one end of the first resistor is connected with incoming line voltage, the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the anode of a fifth diode, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with a power supply VCC; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to a connecting line of the fourth resistor and the fifth diode, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
Still further, the driving circuit includes: the full bridge circuit, the fourth resistor and the ninth resistor;
the full-bridge circuit is respectively connected with one end of a fourth resistor, one end of a ninth resistor and the motor, the other end of the fourth resistor and the other end of the ninth resistor are grounded together, and the single chip microcomputer is further respectively connected to the full-bridge circuit, a fourth resistor connecting line, the full-bridge circuit and the ninth resistor connecting line.
Furthermore, the power-taking control circuit comprises: a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a second triode;
one end of a tenth resistor is connected with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with a base electrode of the second triode, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the driving circuit, an emitting electrode of the second triode is connected with one end of an eleventh resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded, and the power supply switching device is connected to two ends of the eleventh resistor.
The invention also provides a control method of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, which comprises the following steps:
in an initial state, the electronic circuit is powered by a normally closed contact of the power switching device, and the electronic circuit gets electricity from an outgoing line end;
electronic circuit is according to inlet wire voltage and circuit breaker state, control power switching device switches the inlet wire end and gets the electricity and the outlet wire end gets the electricity mode, specifically includes:
in an initial state, the electronic circuit takes electricity from a wire outlet end;
detecting the current incoming line voltage;
judging whether the current incoming line voltage is in a normal range:
if yes, controlling the power switching device to maintain at the normally closed contact; judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the switching-on and switching-off state of the circuit breaker and the power failure condition of an electronic circuit;
otherwise, controlling the power supply switching device to switch to a normally open contact, switching the electronic circuit to the incoming line end to get electricity, and controlling the operating mechanism to disconnect the breaker;
judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the power loss condition of the power supply voltage;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and the power supply switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage, so that the switching between the power taking of the outgoing line end and the power taking of the incoming line end is realized.
Furthermore, crossing under-voltage protection device and being in under-line state or the reverse connection line state, continuing to monitor inlet wire voltage, switching between normally closed contact and normally open contact according to inlet wire voltage control power switching device, realize that the leading-out terminal gets the switch between the electricity and the inlet wire end is got, specifically include:
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, controlling the operating mechanism to complete the closing operation of the circuit breaker, controlling the power switching device to switch to the normally closed contact, and switching the electronic circuit back to the outgoing line end to take power; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, manually switching on, switching the power switching device to a normally closed contact, and switching the electronic circuit back to an outgoing line end to get electricity and simultaneously losing the electricity of the electronic circuit;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, the control operating mechanism completes the switching-on operation, the control power switching device is switched to the normally closed contact, and the electronic circuit is switched back to the outgoing line end to take power; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, the power supply switching device is controlled to be switched to the normally open contact, after the energy in the electronic circuit energy storage capacitor is exhausted, the electronic circuit loses power, the control end of the power supply switching device loses power, the power supply switching device automatically switches back to the normally closed contact, and the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state.
The invention provides an over-voltage and under-voltage protection device and a control method thereof.A control end of a power supply switching device is controlled by an electronic circuit, and the power supply switching device provides a path of contact which can be controlled to be disconnected for the electronic circuit and disconnects the power supply of the electronic circuit when the incoming line voltage exceeds the upper limit, so that the electronic circuit controls the power supply switching device to automatically switch the power taking mode of an incoming line end and the power taking mode of an outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of a breaker, and when the incoming line end is in reverse connection with the outgoing line end, the protection device can be consistent with the due protection function of the traditional over.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electronic circuit connection provided in a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a single chip microcomputer provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a circuit breaker according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of DC-DC circuit connection provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of a rectifying and filtering circuit and a feedback circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a DC-DC conversion circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an indicating circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a voltage acquisition circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a power-taking control circuit according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a driving circuit diagram according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a peripheral circuit diagram of a single chip microcomputer provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart of a control method of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flowchart of a control method of the overvoltage/undervoltage protection device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an over-voltage and under-voltage protection device, wherein a control end of a power supply switching device is controlled by an electronic circuit; the electronic circuit controls the relay to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the breaker.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, as shown in fig. 1, including:
a power switching device 100 for cutting off power supply to the electronic circuit 200 when a power supply voltage is excessively high;
the electronic circuit 200 controls the power switching device 100 to switch between the incoming line terminal power-taking mode and the outgoing line terminal power-taking mode according to the incoming line voltage and the breaker state.
In this embodiment, the operating principle of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is as follows: when the power supply voltage is too high, the power supply switching device 100 cuts off the power supply of the electronic circuit 200; the electronic circuit 200 controls the power switching device to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker.
In the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device provided in this embodiment, the power switching device 100 provides a controllable opening contact for the electronic circuit 200, and the power supply to the electronic circuit is cut off when the incoming line voltage exceeds the upper limit. When the incoming line end is opposite to the outgoing line end, the protection function of the overvoltage and undervoltage protector can be consistent with that of the traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector, and the safety is higher.
Example two
The embodiment of the present invention provides an over-voltage and under-voltage protection device, and on the basis of the first embodiment, the power switching device 100 includes:
the relay is provided with a normally open contact, a normally closed contact and a control end; the normally open contact of the relay is connected with the wire inlet end, the normally closed contact is connected with the wire outlet end, and the control end is controlled by the electronic circuit 200.
In this embodiment, the control end of the relay is connected to two control lines A, B of the electronic circuit 200, the normally open contact is connected to the incoming line end, and the normally closed contact is connected to the outgoing line end; the control terminals of the relays are controlled by two control lines A, B of the electronic circuit 200; the electronic circuit 200 controls the relay to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker 300.
EXAMPLE III
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, as shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the first embodiment, an electronic circuit 200 includes:
a DC-DC circuit 201 that supplies a stable voltage to the entire apparatus;
the incoming line voltage is collected and transmitted to a voltage collecting circuit 202 of the single chip microcomputer;
a driving circuit 203 for controlling the motor to rotate forwards or backwards according to the instruction of the singlechip;
a power-taking control circuit 204 for controlling the power switching device 100 to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end;
the single chip 205 controls the power switching device 100 to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage, and controls the motor to rotate forward or backward.
In this embodiment, the DC-DC circuit 201 is used to provide a stable voltage for the whole over-voltage and under-voltage protection device; the voltage acquisition circuit 202 is used for acquiring incoming line voltage and transmitting the incoming line voltage to the singlechip 205; the driving circuit 203 is used for controlling the motor to rotate forwards or backwards according to the instruction of the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer 205 generates a control signal for controlling the power switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage, the control signal is sent to the power taking control circuit to control the motor to rotate forwards or reversely, the power taking control circuit 204 controls the power switching device to switch between the normally open contact and the normally closed contact according to the control signal of the single chip microcomputer 205, and switching of power taking of the incoming line end and power taking of the outgoing line end is achieved.
The modules purchased in the market are selected as the single chip microcomputer 205 and the circuit breaker 300, and the specific structure and circuit are not innovative points of the present invention, and are not limited and described herein. The circuit breaker JP1 shown in fig. 4 is connected to VCC _5V and SWIM and NRST terminals of the single chip microcomputer U2 shown in fig. 3. The single chip microcomputer U2 is also connected with a peripheral circuit shown in fig. 12, including: the single-chip microcomputer U2 comprises capacitors C1, C2, C3 and a resistor R2, wherein one ends of the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected with VCC _5V, the other ends of the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are grounded, the resistor R2 is connected to a connecting line of the capacitors C3 and VCC _5V, and an NRST pin of the single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected to a connecting line of the capacitors C3 and the resistor R2.
Example four
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, as shown in fig. 5, based on the third embodiment, a DC-DC circuit 201 includes:
a rectifying and filtering circuit 211 connected to the incoming line voltage for rectifying and filtering the incoming line voltage;
a DC-DC conversion circuit 212 connected to the rectifying filter circuit, for performing DC-DC conversion on the voltage output from the rectifying filter circuit, and supplying power to the entire apparatus;
and a feedback circuit 213 for maintaining the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit stable.
In this embodiment, the rectifying and filtering circuit 211 is configured to perform rectifying and filtering on the incoming line voltage, and the DC-DC conversion circuit 212 is configured to perform DC-DC conversion on the voltage output by the rectifying and filtering circuit 211 and then supply power to the entire device; the feedback circuit 213 is used to maintain the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit 212 stable.
In the rectifying and filtering circuit 211 shown in fig. 6, diodes VD1 to VD4 constitute a rectifying circuit; the diode D1 plays an isolation role, and prevents the back-end DC voltage from influencing the front-end incoming line voltage Vin; the capacitors CP6 and CP9 are connected in series to form an input filter capacitor; the resistors R1 and R3 are connected in series and connected with the capacitors CP6 and CP9 in parallel, so that the voltage distribution on the CP6 and CP9 can be prevented from being uneven; the resistors RP2 and RP3 are starting resistors and provide starting voltage for the power supply chip UP1 at the moment of power-on; the TVS tube VR1 and the diode DP2 can absorb flyback overshoot voltage, and prevent the impact on the MOS built in the power chip UP 1; CP1 is Y capacitor, which plays the role of filtering; the resistor RP1 and the capacitor CP2 form a filter circuit which can absorb ripples; the Schottky diode DP1 has a rectifying function and maintains the output as direct current; the inductor LP1 plays a role in filtering; the capacitors CP3, CP4, CP5 play a role of filtering and storing energy, and are mainly used for storing energy.
As shown in fig. 6, in the feedback circuit 213, the feedback circuit is composed of the regulator ZD1, the resistors RP4, RP5, the capacitor CP8, and the transistor Q1, so as to maintain the output of the DC-DC stable.
The DC-DC conversion circuit shown in fig. 7 includes a voltage regulation chip U3, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7 and an eighth capacitor C8, wherein one end of the seventh capacitor C8 is connected to Vep12+, the other end is grounded, one end of the seventh capacitor C8 connected to Vep12+ is further connected to the input end of the voltage regulation chip U3, one end of the sixth capacitor C6 and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are both connected to VCC _5V, the other end is grounded, and one end of the sixth capacitor C6 connected to VCC _5V is further connected to the output end of the voltage regulation chip U3. The voltage stabilizing chip U3 is a module purchased in the market, and the specific structure and circuit are not innovative points of the present invention, and are not limited and described herein.
EXAMPLE five
The embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, and on the basis of the third embodiment, the electronic circuit 200 further includes:
and the indicating circuit collects two I/O states of the singlechip 205 and controls two LED displays by the singlechip.
In this embodiment, the indication circuit is configured to collect two I/O states of the single chip microcomputer 205, and perform two LED displays (red light and green light) according to a control signal of the single chip microcomputer.
The indicating circuit shown in fig. 8 comprises resistors R5, R6, R7 and R8, capacitors C4 and C5, and light emitting diodes D2 and D3; one end of the resistor R5 is connected with VCC-5V, and the other end is connected with one end of the capacitor C4; one end of the resistor R6 is connected with VCC-5V, and the other end is connected with one end of the capacitor C7; one end of the resistor R7 is connected with a pin LED _ red of a singlechip U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a light-emitting diode D2; one end of the resistor R8 is connected with a single chip microcomputer U2 pin LED _ green, and the other end is connected with one end of a light emitting diode D3; the other end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the light-emitting diode D2 and the other end of the light-emitting diode D3 are grounded together.
EXAMPLE six
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, where on the basis of the third embodiment, the voltage acquisition circuit 202, as shown in fig. 9, includes: a first resistor Rin1, a second resistor Rin2, a third resistor Rin3, a fourth resistor Rin4, a fifth resistor Rin5 and a fifth diode VD 5;
one end of a first resistor Rin1 is connected with an incoming line voltage Vin, the other end of the first resistor Rin1 is connected with one end of a second resistor Rin2, the other end of the second resistor Rin2 is connected with one end of a third resistor Rin3, the other end of the third resistor Rin3 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor Rin4, the other end of the fourth resistor Rin4 is connected with the anode of a fifth diode VD5, and the cathode of the fifth diode VD5 is connected with a power supply VCC; one end of the fifth resistor Rin5 is connected to the connection line of the fourth resistor Rin4 and the fifth diode VD5, and the other end of the fifth resistor Rin5 is grounded.
In this embodiment, the incoming line voltage Vin is sent to the terminal AIN3 of the single chip microcomputer U2 through four resistors connected in series, and the diode VD5 prevents voltage shock from damaging the single chip microcomputer U2.
EXAMPLE seven
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, where on the basis of the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, a driving circuit includes: a full bridge circuit U1, a fourth resistor R4 and a ninth resistor R9;
the full-bridge circuit U1 is connected with fourth resistance R4 one end, ninth resistance R9 one end and motor respectively, and the fourth resistance R4 other end, the ninth resistance R9 other end are ground jointly, and singlechip U2 still is connected to full-bridge circuit U1 and fourth resistance R4 connecting wire, full-bridge circuit U1 and ninth resistance R9 connecting wire respectively.
In this embodiment, the two ports TurnUp and TurnDown of the single chip microcomputer U2 are connected to the connection line between the full bridge circuit U1 and the fourth resistor R4 and the connection line between the full bridge circuit U1 and the ninth resistor R9, so that the single chip microcomputer U2 controls the motor to rotate forward and backward. The full bridge circuit U1 is a module purchased in the market, and the specific structure and circuit are not the innovative points of the present invention, and the specific structure and circuit are not limited and described herein.
Example eight
An embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, as shown in fig. 10, based on the third embodiment, an electricity-taking control circuit 204 includes: a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, and a second transistor Q2;
one end of a tenth resistor R10 is connected with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the base electrode of a second triode Q2, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with the driving circuit, the emitter electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with one end of an eleventh resistor R11, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded, and a power supply switching device is connected to two ends of the eleventh resistor R11.
In this embodiment, one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the POWER port of the single chip microcomputer U2, the single chip microcomputer U2 generates a control signal for controlling the POWER switching device to switch between the incoming line terminal POWER taking mode and the outgoing line terminal POWER taking mode according to the incoming line voltage, and sends the control signal to the POWER taking control circuit, and the POWER switching device (Relay) is controlled to switch between the normally open contact and the normally closed contact, so that the switching between the incoming line terminal POWER taking mode and the outgoing line terminal POWER taking mode is realized.
Example nine
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, where the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is any one of the first to eighth embodiments, and as shown in fig. 13, the method includes:
step S1, in an initial state, the electronic circuit 200 is powered by the normally closed contact of the power switching device 100, and the electronic circuit 200 is powered by the outgoing line end;
step S2, the electronic circuit 200 controls the power switching apparatus 100 to switch between the incoming line terminal power-taking mode and the outgoing line terminal power-taking mode according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker 300.
In this embodiment, the circuit breaker 300 is in the tripping position in the initial state, and after the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is connected, the electronic circuit 200 is in the power-off state, and at this time, the circuit breaker 200 is manually switched on, the electronic circuit is powered by the normally closed contact of the power switching device 100 (relay), and the electronic circuit 200 is powered by the outgoing line end; after the electronic circuit 200 is powered on, the power switching device 100 can be controlled to switch between a power-taking mode at a wire inlet end and a power-taking mode at a wire outlet end according to the wire inlet voltage and the state of the circuit breaker 300.
Example ten
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, as shown in fig. 14, on the basis of the ninth embodiment, in step S2, the method specifically includes:
s21, detecting the current incoming line voltage;
s22, judging whether the current incoming line voltage is in a normal range:
s23, if yes, the power supply switching device 100 is controlled to be maintained at a normally closed contact; judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker and the power failure condition of the electronic circuit 200; specifically, if the breaker is switched off and the electronic circuit is powered off, the electronic circuit is in a positive wiring state (default initialization state), and if the electronic circuit is not powered off, the electronic circuit is in a reverse wiring state;
s24, otherwise, controlling the power switching device 100 to switch to a normally open contact, switching the electronic circuit 200 to a wire inlet end to get electricity, and controlling the operating mechanism to disconnect the breaker 300;
s25, judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the power loss condition of the power supply voltage; specifically, if the power supply voltage is lost, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state; otherwise, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state;
and S26, when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state, continuing to monitor the incoming line voltage, and controlling the power supply switching device to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage to realize the switching between the power taking of the outgoing line end and the power taking of the incoming line end.
In the embodiment, the power supply switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the judgment result of whether the incoming line voltage is in the normal range, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is judged to be in the positive wiring state or the reverse wiring state according to the power loss condition of the power supply voltage under the condition that the incoming line voltage is in the abnormal range, and the power supply switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage under the condition that the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in the positive wiring state or the reverse wiring state, so that the power supply of an electronic circuit can be disconnected under the overvoltage state, the circuit is prevented from being damaged and losing efficacy, and the reliability.
EXAMPLE eleven
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method of an overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, on the basis of the tenth embodiment, when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and a power supply switching device is controlled to switch between a normally closed contact and a normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage, so that the switching between the power taking of a leading-out terminal and the power taking of a leading-in terminal is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, controlling the operating mechanism to complete the closing operation of the circuit breaker, controlling the power switching device 100 to switch to a normally closed contact, and switching the electronic circuit 200 back to an outgoing line end to get electricity; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, the switch-on is performed manually, the power switching device 100 is switched to a normally closed contact, and the electronic circuit 200 is switched back to the outgoing line end to get electricity and the electronic circuit is powered off;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, the control operation mechanism completes the switching-on operation, the control power switching device 100 is switched to the normally closed contact, and the electronic circuit 200 is switched back to the outgoing line end to take power; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, the power supply switching device (the relay J1) is controlled to be switched to a normally open contact, after the energy in the energy storage capacitor of the electronic circuit is exhausted, the electronic circuit 200 is powered off, the control end of the relay J1 is powered off, the power supply switching device 100 is automatically switched back to the normally closed contact, and the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state.
In the embodiment, during normal wiring, the contact of the power switching device is required to be maintained to the normally open contact only when the voltage is abnormal, and the power switching device is not required to be maintained under normal voltage, so that extra power consumption is avoided. Because the power switching device is at the normally closed contact under the normal state, namely the electronic circuit gets electricity from the outlet terminal, after the manual brake-off or other fault brake-off, the electronic circuit also loses electricity at the same time, and the risk of the electronic circuit false switching-on under the abnormal state is avoided. The contact switching of the power switching device is reasonably controlled through the single chip microcomputer, so that the function same as that of a traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector can be realized, the power supply of an electronic circuit can be cut off under an overvoltage state, the circuit is prevented from being damaged and losing efficacy, and the reliability is greatly improved. When the power supply switching device is reversely connected, the normally closed contact of the power supply switching device is closed, the electronic circuit gets power from the wire inlet end, when the electronic circuit does not control the power supply switching device, the function of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is consistent with that of the traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector, the difference lies in that when the voltage of the wire inlet exceeds the bearing range of the electronic circuit of the overvoltage and undervoltage protector, the traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector can be damaged and fails, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device based on the principle can enable the electronic circuit to be powered off by controlling the contact switching of the power supply switching device, although the contact can be automatically switched back to the normally closed contact after the electric quantity of the energy storage capacitor is exhausted after the power off, the electronic circuit can continue to be powered on, the. Compared with the positive wiring, the self-reset can be realized under the overvoltage condition when the wiring is reversely connected, manual reset intervention is not needed, but the protective performance under the overvoltage condition is sacrificed.
In the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device provided by this embodiment, the power switching device provides a path of controllable disconnectable contact for the electronic circuit, and disconnects the power supply of the electronic circuit when the incoming line voltage exceeds the upper limit. When the incoming line end is opposite to the outgoing line end, the protection function of the overvoltage and undervoltage protector can be consistent with that of the traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector, and the safety is higher. The DC-DC circuit is used for providing stable voltage for the whole overvoltage and undervoltage protection device; the voltage acquisition circuit is used for acquiring incoming line voltage and transmitting the incoming line voltage to the single chip microcomputer; the driving circuit is used for controlling the motor to rotate forwards or backwards according to the instruction of the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer generates a control signal for controlling the relay to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to incoming line voltage, the control signal is sent to the power taking control circuit to control the motor to rotate forwards or reversely, the power taking control circuit controls the relay to switch between the normally open contact and the normally closed contact according to the control signal of the single chip microcomputer, and switching of power taking of the incoming line end and power taking of the outgoing line end is achieved. In the DC-DC circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit is used for rectifying and filtering incoming line voltage, and a DC-DC conversion circuit is used for performing DC-DC conversion on the voltage output by the rectifying and filtering circuit and then supplying power to the whole device; the feedback circuit is used for maintaining the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit stable. The indicating circuit is used for collecting two paths of I/O states of the single chip microcomputer and carrying out two paths of LED display (red light and green light) according to a control signal of the single chip microcomputer. In the voltage acquisition circuit, incoming line voltage is sent to the port of singlechip through four resistances that are connected in series to prevent the singlechip from causing damage through the diode. In the drive circuit, two ports of the single chip microcomputer are connected to the full-bridge circuit and the fourth resistance connecting line, the full-bridge circuit and the ninth resistance connecting line, so that the single chip microcomputer controls the motor to rotate forwards and backwards. The single chip microcomputer generates a control signal for controlling the relay to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to incoming line voltage and sends the control signal to the power taking control circuit, the relay is controlled to switch between the normally open contact and the normally closed contact, and switching of power taking of the incoming line end and power taking of the outgoing line end is achieved. In the control method of the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the breaker is in a tripping position in an initial state to manually switch on the breaker, the normally closed contact of the relay supplies power to an electronic circuit, and the electronic circuit takes power from a wire outlet end; after the electronic circuit is electrified, the relay can be controlled to switch the power taking mode of the wire inlet end and the power taking mode of the wire outlet end according to the wire inlet voltage and the state of the breaker. According to the judgment result of whether the incoming line voltage is in the normal range, the relay is controlled to be switched between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact, the condition that the incoming line voltage is in the abnormal range is further judged that the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in the positive wiring state or the reverse wiring state according to the power failure condition of the power supply voltage, the relay is controlled to be switched between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in the positive wiring state or the reverse wiring state, the power supply of an electronic circuit can be disconnected in the overvoltage state, the circuit is prevented from being damaged and losing efficacy, and the reliability is greatly improved. Only when the voltage is abnormal, the relay contact is required to be maintained to the normally open contact during normal wiring, and the relay contact is not required to be maintained under normal voltage, so that extra power consumption is avoided. Because the relay is at the normally closed contact in the normal state, namely the electronic circuit gets electricity from the outlet terminal, after the manual switching-off or other fault switching-off, the electronic circuit also loses electricity at the same time, and the risk of the electronic circuit false switching-on in the abnormal state is avoided. The relay contact switching is reasonably controlled through the single chip microcomputer, the same function as that of a traditional overvoltage and undervoltage protector can be achieved, the power supply of an electronic circuit can be cut off under an overvoltage state, the circuit is prevented from being damaged and losing efficacy, and the reliability is greatly improved. The normally closed contact of the relay is closed during reverse wiring, the electronic circuit gets the electricity from the incoming line end, when the electronic circuit does not control the relay, cross undervoltage protection device function and traditional mistake undervoltage protector unanimity, the difference lies in when the incoming line voltage surpasses the undervoltage protector electronic circuit and bears the scope, traditional mistake undervoltage protector electronic circuit can damage and become invalid, cross undervoltage protection device and can let the electronic circuit fall the electricity through control relay contact switching, although the contact can automatic switch back to normally closed contact after the energy storage capacity electric quantity exhausts after falling the electricity, the electronic circuit can continue to be electrified, but can increase the interval that the electronic circuit got the electricity through increase energy storage capacity, thereby reduce the probability that the electronic circuit became invalid, improve the reliability greatly. In contrast to positive connections, self-resetting can also be achieved in the event of an overvoltage in the case of reverse connections, without manual reset intervention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An overvoltage and undervoltage protection device, comprising:
a power switching device for cutting off power supply to the electronic circuit when the power supply voltage is too high;
electronic circuit, according to inlet wire voltage and circuit breaker state, control power switching device switches the inlet wire end and gets the electricity and get the electricity mode with the outlet wire end, specifically includes:
in an initial state, the electronic circuit takes electricity from a wire outlet end;
detecting the current incoming line voltage;
judging whether the current incoming line voltage is in a normal range:
if yes, controlling the power switching device to maintain at the normally closed contact; judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the switching-on and switching-off state of the circuit breaker and the power failure condition of an electronic circuit;
otherwise, controlling the power supply switching device to switch to a normally open contact, switching the electronic circuit to the incoming line end to get electricity, and controlling the operating mechanism to disconnect the breaker;
judging whether the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state according to the power loss condition of the power supply voltage;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state or a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and the power supply switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage, so that the switching between the power taking of the outgoing line end and the power taking of the incoming line end is realized.
2. The overvoltage and undervoltage protection device according to claim 1, wherein the power switching device comprises a relay having a normally open contact, a normally closed contact and a control terminal, the normally open contact of the relay is connected to the incoming line terminal, the normally closed contact is connected to the outgoing line terminal, and the control terminal is controlled by the electronic circuit.
3. The undervoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the electronic circuit comprises:
a DC-DC circuit for providing a stable voltage to the whole device;
the voltage acquisition circuit acquires incoming line voltage and transmits the incoming line voltage to the single chip microcomputer;
a driving circuit for controlling the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the motor according to the instruction of the singlechip;
the power-taking control circuit controls the power switching device to switch the power-taking mode of the incoming line end and the power-taking mode of the outgoing line end;
and the singlechip controls the power supply switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage, and controls the motor to rotate forwards or reversely.
4. The overvoltage/undervoltage protection device of claim 3, wherein the DC-DC circuit comprises:
the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected with the incoming line voltage and is used for rectifying and filtering the incoming line voltage;
the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit and is used for supplying power to the whole device after the voltage output by the rectifying and filtering circuit is subjected to DC-DC conversion;
and a feedback circuit for maintaining the output voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit stable.
5. The undervoltage protection device of claim 3, wherein said electronic circuitry further comprises:
and the indicating circuit is used for acquiring two paths of I/O states of the singlechip and controlling two paths of LED display by the singlechip.
6. The undervoltage protection device of claim 3, wherein the voltage acquisition circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a fifth diode;
one end of the first resistor is connected with incoming line voltage, the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the anode of a fifth diode, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with a power supply VCC; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to a connecting line of the fourth resistor and the fifth diode, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
7. The undervoltage protection device of claim 3, wherein the driving circuit comprises: the full bridge circuit, the fourth resistor and the ninth resistor;
the full-bridge circuit is respectively connected with one end of a fourth resistor, one end of a ninth resistor and the motor, the other end of the fourth resistor and the other end of the ninth resistor are grounded together, and the single chip microcomputer is further respectively connected to the full-bridge circuit, a fourth resistor connecting line, the full-bridge circuit and the ninth resistor connecting line.
8. The under-voltage and over-voltage protection device of claim 3, wherein the power-taking control circuit comprises: a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a second triode;
one end of a tenth resistor is connected with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with a base electrode of the second triode, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the driving circuit, an emitting electrode of the second triode is connected with one end of an eleventh resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded, and the power supply switching device is connected to two ends of the eleventh resistor.
9. A method for controlling an over-voltage and under-voltage protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises:
in an initial state, the electronic circuit is powered by a normally closed contact of the power switching device, and the electronic circuit gets electricity from an outgoing line end;
and the electronic circuit controls the power supply switching device to switch the power taking mode of the incoming line end and the power taking mode of the outgoing line end according to the incoming line voltage and the state of the circuit breaker.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein when the overvoltage/undervoltage protection device is in a positive connection state or a reverse connection state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and the power switching device is controlled to switch between the normally closed contact and the normally open contact according to the incoming line voltage, so as to switch between the power taking at the outgoing line end and the power taking at the incoming line end, specifically comprising:
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a positive wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, controlling the operating mechanism to complete the closing operation of the circuit breaker, controlling the power switching device to switch to the normally closed contact, and switching the electronic circuit back to the outgoing line end to take power; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, manually switching on, switching the power switching device to a normally closed contact, and switching the electronic circuit back to an outgoing line end to get electricity and simultaneously losing the electricity of the electronic circuit;
when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state, the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored, and if the incoming line voltage does not exceed the highest threshold value, the overvoltage state or the undervoltage state is kept, waiting is carried out; if the incoming line voltage is in a normal state, the control operating mechanism completes the switching-on operation, the control power switching device is switched to the normally closed contact, and the electronic circuit is switched back to the outgoing line end to take power; if the incoming line voltage exceeds the highest threshold value, the power supply switching device is controlled to be switched to the normally open contact, after the energy in the electronic circuit energy storage capacitor is exhausted, the electronic circuit loses power, the control end of the power supply switching device loses power, the power supply switching device automatically switches back to the normally closed contact, and the incoming line voltage is continuously monitored when the overvoltage and undervoltage protection device is in a reverse wiring state.
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