CN109616092B - Metamaterial type light structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions - Google Patents
Metamaterial type light structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN109616092B CN109616092B CN201910066479.1A CN201910066479A CN109616092B CN 109616092 B CN109616092 B CN 109616092B CN 201910066479 A CN201910066479 A CN 201910066479A CN 109616092 B CN109616092 B CN 109616092B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control, and discloses a metamaterial light structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and insulation functions, which comprises a base structure 1, a vibrator mass block 2a, a vibrator beam piece 2b, a supporting structure 2c and a vibrator unit 2, wherein the vibrator mass block 2a and the supporting structure 2c are respectively connected with the vibrator beam piece 2b to form the vibrator unit 2 together, and the vibrator unit 2 is periodically or approximately periodically arranged on the base structure 1 along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction. Through the structure, the material and the arrangement of the reasonable adjustment oscillator unit, the suppression effect (vibration reduction and noise reduction) of the plate shell structure to low-frequency vibration and radiation noise can be effectively improved, the transmission noise suppression effect (sound insulation) of the structure can be obviously enhanced, the vibration and noise environment of equipment can be further improved, and the use performance and the comfort of the equipment are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration and noise control, in particular to a metamaterial light structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions.
Background
With the increasing development of modern equipment towards large-scale, light-weight, heavy-load and high-speed, the vibration and noise problems faced by the equipment are increasingly prominent (the vibration and noise levels are too high). The vibration and noise level of the equipment are too high, the use performance and comfort of the equipment can be greatly reduced, and even the safety and the quality of the whole equipment are affected. The plate shell structure is a main structure forming the equipment and also is a main source for causing the problems of equipment vibration and noise; in engineering, the plate shell structure of the equipment must be subjected to vibration reduction and noise reduction design, namely, the inhibition capability of the plate shell structure on low-frequency vibration and noise (radiation noise and transmission noise) is improved, so that the vibration and noise environment of the equipment is improved, and the service performance and the comfort of the equipment are improved.
The common plate-shell structure in the equipment mainly comprises a homogeneous plate, a stiffened plate, a porous foam material sandwich plate, a honeycomb sandwich plate, a porous lattice structure sandwich plate and the like, and in order to reduce the vibration response of the plate-shell structure, inhibit the noise radiation thereof and improve the sound insulation (inhibit the noise transmission) performance thereof, the adopted traditional technical measures usually comprise: modifying structural parameters, increasing the thickness of the plate shell and pasting a damping layer, but the traditional measures are limited by structural design space and quality conditions, and the traditional measures are difficult to realize the high-efficiency vibration reduction, noise reduction and sound insulation effects in a low-frequency range.
In recent years, the new concept of the acoustic metamaterial provides a new technical means and approach for controlling the low-frequency vibration and noise of the structure. The acoustic metamaterial is a novel acoustic material or structure formed by periodically arranging specially designed artificial acoustic microstructure units (such as local resonator units or vibrators for short) in an elastic medium, can obtain extraordinary physical characteristics (such as negative mass density, negative refraction and negative modulus) which natural materials do not have, can realize extraordinary control over low-frequency elastic waves and sound waves, and further generates excellent vibration and noise reduction effects. Preliminary studies in the prior literature show that by using the design concept of the acoustic metamaterial, oscillator units are periodically arranged on the simple beam and plate structures, so that the structures can generate extraordinary physical characteristics similar to the acoustic metamaterial, and the extraordinary control on low-frequency elastic waves and sound waves is realized. The invention introduces the design idea of acoustic metamaterial into the plate-shell structure in practical engineering, breaks through the limitation of the traditional design based on the innovative design method of additional period arrangement of the special configuration vibrator units, and greatly improves the low-frequency vibration reduction, noise reduction and sound insulation effects of modern equipment.
In conclusion, vibration reduction and noise reduction and sound insulation of the equipment are widely concerned in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction. Because of the limitations of the design space and quality conditions of the equipment structure, the traditional vibration and noise reduction technical measures such as modifying the structural parameters, increasing the thickness of the plate shell and pasting the damping layer are only adopted, and the vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation effects of the low frequency band are difficult to realize. Therefore, the vibration reduction and noise reduction and sound insulation of equipment in a low frequency range are the technical problems which are greatly concerned by the technical personnel in the field, and the prior art does not disclose the metamaterial light-weight structure for the low frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction and sound insulation of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a metamaterial light structure having low-frequency vibration-damping, noise-reducing and sound-insulating functions, which has both good vibration-damping and noise-reducing performance (high-efficiency suppression of low-frequency vibration of a plate shell and radiation noise caused by the low-frequency vibration) and good sound-insulating performance (high-efficiency suppression of transmission noise of the plate shell), and has a small structural size.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the metamaterial type light structure with the functions of low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation comprises a base body structure 1, a vibrator mass block 2a, a vibrator beam piece 2b, a supporting structure 2c and a vibrator unit 2, wherein the vibrator mass block 2a and the supporting structure 2c are connected with the vibrator beam piece 2b respectively to form the vibrator unit 2 together, and the vibrator unit 2 is periodically or approximately periodically arranged on the base body structure 1 along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Further, the structural form of the matrix structure 1 can be a slab shell structure such as a homogeneous slab, a stiffened plate, a porous foam material sandwich plate, a honeycomb sandwich plate, a porous lattice structure sandwich plate and the like, and can also be a grid or truss structure; the oscillator mass block 2a can be a solid structure or a solid-liquid structure after a sealed solid cavity is filled with liquid, and the oscillator beam piece 2b is a rectangular thin-layer beam piece.
Further, the supporting structure 2c mainly plays a role of supporting the oscillator beam piece 2b, the supporting mode of the supporting structure 2c for the oscillator beam piece 2b can be a middle support or a support close to the middle, and the oscillator mass block 2a is placed on the oscillator beam piece 2b and deviates from the supporting position; the support structure 2c may also be supported at or near both ends, and the oscillator mass 2a is located on the oscillator beam piece 2b at a position deviated from the support position.
Further, the structural form of the supporting structure 2c may be an independent columnar structure, and the cross section shape thereof may be circular, rectangular, circular, triangular; the structural form of the supporting structure 2c may also be a substructure form with a supporting function, which is formed by bending, stamping, metal plate and other local forming of the oscillator beam piece 2 b.
Further, the vibrator unit 2 may be in a single vibrator form, or may also be in a multi-vibrator form discretely distributed or stacked in parallel; the base structure 1 is provided with a plurality of vibrator units 2, and the vibrator units 2 can be arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the base structure 1 or in the holes inside the base structure 1; the arrangement of the transducer elements 2 may be periodic or approximately periodic.
Furthermore, riveting, welding, gluing or bolt connection can be adopted between the vibrator beam piece 2b and the vibrator mass block 2a and between the supporting structure 2c as well as between the base structure 1 and the vibrator unit 2 for fixing.
Further, the oscillator beam piece 2b and the support structure 2c may be made of a metal material such as steel, aluminum, and copper, or a non-metal material such as organic glass, PVC, and wood, or a composite material and a laminated material, and the oscillator mass block 2a may be made of steel, copper, stone, magnet, and organic glass, or a composite material and a laminated material.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention is used for controlling the vibration and noise of the plate-shell structure, can effectively improve the suppression effect of the plate-shell structure on low-frequency vibration and radiation noise (namely, the vibration reduction and noise reduction performance under the excitation of mechanical force) and can also obviously enhance the transmission noise suppression effect of the structure (namely, the low-frequency sound insulation performance under the excitation of sound waves) by reasonably adjusting the structure, the material and the arrangement of the vibrator units, and the structure size is small, so that the vibration and noise environment of equipment can be effectively improved, and the service performance and the comfort of the equipment are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lightweight metamaterial structure with low frequency vibration and noise reduction and insulation functions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of six representative base structures according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a representative form and support of the support structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of four representative cross-sectional forms of the support structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of two representative combinations of vibrator units in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two representative arrangements of vibrator units in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing vibration transmissibility for a conventional homogeneous plate structure and a structure of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the comparison of acoustic radiation between the original stiffened panel structure and the structure of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a comparison graph of sound insulation of the original reinforced plate structure and the structure of the invention.
Remarks to the attached drawings: 1-base structure, 2 a-vibrator beam piece, 2 b-vibrator mass block, 2 c-supporting structure and 2-vibrator unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, exemplary embodiments and description thereof.
The invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient vibration reduction, sound radiation inhibition and sound insulation capability of a low frequency band of an equipment structure, and provides a simple and feasible structure which can be used for improving the inhibition effect of low frequency vibration and radiation noise, can effectively improve the sound insulation performance of the structure and has a small structure size.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a metamaterial light structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions, which comprises a base structure 1, a vibrator mass block 2a, a vibrator beam piece 2b, a support structure 2c and a vibrator unit 2, wherein the vibrator mass block 2a and the support structure 2c are respectively connected with the vibrator beam piece 2b to form the vibrator unit 2, and the vibrator unit 2 is periodically or approximately periodically arranged on the base structure 1 along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Preferably, the structural form of the base structure 1 may be a slab-shell structure (refer to fig. 2) such as a homogeneous slab, a stiffened slab, a cellular foam sandwich plate, a honeycomb sandwich plate, a cellular lattice structure sandwich plate, or the like, or may be a grid or truss structure; the oscillator mass block 2a can be a solid structure or a solid-liquid structure after a sealed solid cavity is filled with liquid, and the oscillator beam piece 2b is a rectangular thin-layer beam piece.
Preferably, the supporting structure 2c mainly plays a role of supporting the oscillator beam piece 2b, the supporting mode of the supporting structure 2c to the oscillator beam piece 2b can be middle supporting or near middle supporting, and the oscillator mass block 2a is placed on the oscillator beam piece 2b at a position deviated from the supporting position; the support structure 2c may be supported at both ends or near both ends, and the oscillator mass 2a may be located at a position deviated from the support position on the oscillator beam piece 2b (see fig. 3).
Preferably, the structural form of the supporting structure 2c can be an independent columnar structure, and the cross section shape can be circular, rectangular, circular ring, triangular; the support structure 2c may be a substructure having a support function, which is formed by bending, pressing, and partially forming a metal plate or the like on the oscillator beam piece 2b itself (see fig. 3 and 4).
Preferably, the vibrator unit 2 may be in a single vibrator form, or may also be in a multi-vibrator form discretely distributed or stacked and connected in parallel; the base structure 1 is provided with a plurality of vibrator units 2, and the vibrator units 2 can be arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the base structure 1 or in the holes inside the base structure 1; the arrangement of the transducer elements 2 may be periodic or nearly periodic (see fig. 5 and 6).
Preferably, riveting, welding, gluing or bolt connection can be adopted between the oscillator beam piece 2b and the oscillator mass block 2a and the supporting structure 2c as well as between the base structure 1 and the oscillator unit 2 for fixing.
Preferably, the oscillator beam piece 2b and the support structure 2c can be made of metal materials such as steel, aluminum and copper, or non-metal materials such as organic glass, PVC and wood, or composite materials and laminated materials, and the oscillator mass block 2a can be made of steel, copper, stone, magnet and organic glass, or composite materials and laminated materials.
The invention provides a metamaterial lightweight structure with low-frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions, which is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base structure 1 is in the form of a stiffened plate having dimensions of length, width and thickness of 850mm x 2.5 mm. The oscillator mass block 2a is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the oscillator mass block is 15mm, and the thickness of the oscillator mass block is 10 mm; the oscillator beam piece 2b is a rectangular thin-layer beam piece structure, and the length, width and thickness of the oscillator beam piece are 75mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 2 mm. The support structure 2c is in the form of a freestanding cylindrical structure having a rectangular cross-section with a diameter of 8mm and length, width and thickness dimensions of 15mm x 8 mm. The supporting structure 2c adopts the middle part to support the oscillator beam piece 2b, the oscillator mass block 2a is located the both ends of oscillator beam piece 2b, the oscillator unit 2 adopts the single oscillator form, its mode of arranging is periodic, the quantity of arranging is 7 x 7, the interval of arranging between the oscillator unit 2 is 100 mm. The vibrator beam piece 2b, the vibrator mass block 2a and the support structure 2c, and the base structure 1 and the vibrator unit 2 are fixed through gluing. The base structure 1 and the vibrator beam piece 2b are made of aluminum materials, the supporting structure 2c is made of PVC, and the vibrator mass block 2a is made of steel.
The vibration reduction, noise reduction and sound insulation effects of the preferred embodiment of the invention are respectively shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, and the results show that the metamaterial light-weight structure has good low-frequency vibration reduction, noise reduction and sound insulation performance and small structural size.
The above description is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Other embodiments of various modifications and equivalent arrangements, which may occur to those skilled in the art and which are based on or derived from the teachings herein, are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. Metamaterial type light structure with low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation functions, which is characterized in that: the metamaterial type light structure comprises a base structure (1), a vibrator mass block (2a), a vibrator beam piece (2b), a supporting structure (2c) and a vibrator unit (2); the vibrator mass block (2a) can be a solid structure or a solid-liquid structure formed by filling liquid into a closed solid cavity, and the vibrator beam piece (2b) is a rectangular thin-layer beam piece; the supporting structure (2c) mainly plays a role in supporting the oscillator beam piece (2b), the supporting mode of the supporting structure (2c) on the oscillator beam piece (2b) can be middle supporting or approximate middle supporting, and the oscillator mass block (2a) is arranged on the oscillator beam piece (2b) and deviates from the supporting position; the supporting structure (2c) can also be supported by two end parts or close to the two end parts, and the oscillator mass block (2a) is positioned on the oscillator beam piece (2b) at a position deviated from the supporting position; the vibrator mass block (2a) and the supporting structure (2c) are respectively connected with the vibrator beam piece (2b) to form a vibrator unit (2), and the vibrator unit (2) is periodically or approximately periodically arranged on the base structure (1) along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
2. The metamaterial type lightweight structure with the functions of low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structure form of the matrix structure (1) can be any one of a homogeneous plate, a stiffened plate, a porous foam material sandwich plate, a honeycomb sandwich plate and a porous lattice structure sandwich plate, and can also be a grid or truss structure.
3. The lightweight metamaterial structure with low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structural form of the supporting structure (2c) can be an independent columnar structure, and the cross section of the supporting structure is any one of a circle, a rectangle, a circular ring and a triangle; the structural form of the supporting structure (2c) can also be a substructure form which is formed by bending, stamping and metal plate local forming of the oscillator beam piece (2b) and has a supporting function.
4. The metamaterial type lightweight structure with the functions of low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibrator unit (2) can be in a single vibrator form, and also can be in a multi-vibrator form which is discretely distributed or stacked and connected in parallel; the vibrator units (2) are arranged on the base structure (1), and the positions of the vibrator units (2) can be arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the base structure (1) or the positions of holes in the base structure (1); the arrangement form of the vibrator unit (2) can be periodical or approximately periodical.
5. The lightweight metamaterial structure with low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibrator beam piece (2b) is fixed with the vibrator mass block (2a) and the support structure (2c) and the base structure (1) and the vibrator unit (2) by any one of riveting, welding, gluing or bolt connection.
6. The lightweight metamaterial structure with low frequency vibration and noise reduction and sound insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibrator beam piece (2b) and the supporting structure (2c) are made of any one of steel, aluminum and copper, or organic glass, PVC and wood, or composite materials and laminated materials, and the vibrator mass block (2a) is made of any one of steel, copper, stone, magnets and organic glass, or composite materials and laminated materials.
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