CN109615934A - Bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating systems, comprising: data acquisition module, for acquiring the status information of ship；Data processing module, for the data acquired from data collection system to be standardized and filtered；Probability assessment module determines ship from colliding bridge risk class, forms risk report for obtaining data Ship ' hit probability and bridge damnification probability from the data processing module.The present invention effectively can carry out risk judgment by bridge early period in ship to target ship collision risk probability calculation method, improve risk identification efficiency and navigation degree of safety.And the present invention uses risk probability quantitative classification, eliminates and reports by mistake or fail to report caused by the running track changeability of ship, improves the accuracy and reliability of risk identification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge security management, and in particular to a kind of bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment and system.
Background technique
With the development of national economy, national basis construction is constantly reinforced perfect, and China gradually increases across the bridge in navigation channel
Add, to alleviate the pressure of land communications, and water transportation increasingly developed simultaneously, also creates that more, tonnage is bigger
Ship.In recent years, the accident of ship from colliding bridge happens occasionally, and causes bad shadow to the operation security of bridge and ship
It rings, has highlighted the security risk of land communications and water transport traffic.Therefore, there is an urgent need to carry out ship collision risk to bridge to comment
Estimate, prevents accident.The anti-collision system about AIS is proposed in the prior art, passes through the running track to ship, space bit
It sets and is analyzed, predict that ship to the impingement position of bridge, prompts shippping traffic, prevents from hitting.But in bridge-collision-avoidance
When prediction, the prior art is not based on risk thought, carries out risk assessment to ship from colliding bridge probability.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, providing a kind of pair of ship collision
Bridge probability carries out risk assessment bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment and system.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system is provided, comprising:
Data acquisition module, for acquiring the status information of ship, including ship geographic coordinate information, ship MMSI code,
Boat length, ship width, ship name, speed of the ship in metres per second and ship angle；
Data processing module, for the data acquired from data collection system to be standardized and filtered；
Probability assessment module, for obtaining data Ship ' hit probability and bridge damnification from the data processing module
Probability determines ship from colliding bridge risk class, forms risk report；
The probability assessment module specifically uses probability distributive function method Ship ' impact rate F, F=PA×PG, in formula, F
For ship collision probability, PAFor ship yaw probability；PGFor the geometry frequency of ship collision；
The ship yaw probability PAThe probability of bridge, P may be hit for ship deviation regular shipping linesA=BR × RB×
RC×RXC×RD, in formula, BR is Yaw Reference probability；RBFor bridge location correction factor；RC=1.0+VC/ 19, wherein VCTo be parallel to
The speed of the ship in metres per second in course line；RXCFor the modified speed coefficient that flows over, RXC=1.0+0.54 × VXC, VXCFor the ship speed perpendicular to course line
Degree；RDFor vessel traffic density revision coefficient；
The geometry frequency P of the ship collisionGFor ship in bridge area off-line probability out of control, calculate bridge
Risk R, R=F (P of the Liang time by ship collisionA,PG)×PC, in formula R be bridge certain by ship collision risk；PC
It is bridge by accordingly damaging frequency caused by ship collision；
Bridge certain divide 5 bridge ships according to the damaged condition of bridge by the risk R of ship collision and hit risk etc.
Grade indicates are as follows: R={ R1 R2 R3 R4 R5}={ is intact slight medium more serious serious }, in formula: R1Indicate intact, bridge without
Loss；R2Indicate slight, bridge is slightly impacted；R3Indicate medium, bridge needs maintenance and reinforcement；R4Indicate more serious, bridge does not fall
It collapses but function is lost；R5Indicate serious, bridge collapse.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the system further include:
Video module is made for recording all processes of ship gap bridge by digital recording and being stored on hard disk video recorder
For historical summary.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, when low traffic density, RD=1.0, when average traffic density, RD=1.3, high traffic density
When, RD=1.6.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, close to bridge pier region, the geometry frequency P of ship collisionG；Using normal distribution curve,
Normal distribution curve Plays difference σ is boat length, average value mu=0, to navigate by water center line as normal distribution curve intermediate value position
It sets, BMFor ship width, BPFor bridge pier width, the geometry frequency P of ship collisionG:
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, bridge is by accordingly damaging frequency P caused by ship collisionCPass through the ultimate resistance strength of bridge pier
It is determined with the ratio of ship impact force:
In formula, P is Equivalent Static impact force, and H is bridge drag, and wherein Equivalent Static impact force P is calculated as follows:DWT is the loading capacity of ship in formula, and v is the stroke speed of ship.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the data acquisition module includes AIS receiver and is separately mounted to spanning upstream and downstream
Far infrared camera shot machine.
The present invention also provides a kind of bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment, comprising the following steps:
Acquire ship status information, including ship geographic coordinate information, ship MMSI code, boat length, ship width,
Ship name, speed of the ship in metres per second and ship angle；
It is standardized and filters to from the data of acquisition；
According to treated data Ship ' hit probability and bridge damnification probability, ship from colliding bridge risk etc. is determined
Grade forms risk report；
Wherein, using probability distributive function method Ship ' impact rate F, F=PA×PG, in formula, F is ship collision probability,
PAFor ship yaw probability；PGFor the geometry frequency of ship collision；
The ship yaw probability PAThe probability of bridge, P may be hit for ship deviation regular shipping linesA=BR × RB×
RC×RXC×RD, in formula, BR is Yaw Reference probability；RBFor bridge location correction factor；RC=1.0+VC/ 19, wherein VCTo be parallel to
The speed of the ship in metres per second in course line；RXCFor the modified speed coefficient that flows over, RXC=1.0+0.54 × VXC, VXCFor the ship speed perpendicular to course line
Degree；RDFor vessel traffic density revision coefficient；
The geometry frequency P of the ship collisionGFor ship in bridge area off-line probability out of control, calculate bridge
Risk R, R=F (P of the Liang time by ship collisionA,PG)×PC, in formula R be bridge certain by ship collision risk；PC
It is bridge by accordingly damaging frequency caused by ship collision；
Bridge certain divide 5 bridge ships according to the damaged condition of bridge by the risk R of ship collision and hit risk etc.
Grade, R={ R1 R2 R3 R4 R5}={ is intact slight medium more serious serious }, in formula: R1Indicate intact, bridge free of losses；R2
Indicate slight, bridge is slightly impacted；R3Indicate medium, bridge needs maintenance and reinforcement；R4Indicate more serious, bridge does not collapse but function
It can lose；R5Indicate serious, bridge collapse.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, this method further include: all processes and storage that ship is passed a bridge are recorded by digital recording
Historical summary is used as on hard disk video recorder.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, when low traffic density, RD=1.0, when average traffic density, RD=1.3, high traffic density
When, RD=1.6.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, bridge is by accordingly damaging frequency P caused by ship collisionCPass through the ultimate resistance strength of bridge pier
It is determined with the ratio of ship impact force:
In formula, P is Equivalent Static impact force, and H is bridge drag, and wherein Equivalent Static impact force P is calculated as follows:DWT is the loading capacity of ship in formula, and v is the stroke speed of ship.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention, by probability calculation, carries out ship by acquiring ship information in real time
Oceangoing ship hits risk identification, can carry out risk judgment by bridge early period in ship, improve risk identification efficiency and navigation degree of safety.
Further the present invention uses risk probability quantitative classification, eliminates wrong report caused by the running track changeability of ship
Or fail to report, improve the accuracy and reliability of risk identification.
Threatening watercraft identification further is carried out by hitting issuable impairment scale to bridge, improves bridge operation
Safety guarantee.
Further, since AIS subsystem field device is influenced minimum by weather environment, really make this system adaptable.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluation model schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the geometric probability figure of ship collision of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
It is the bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system of the embodiment of the present invention referring to Fig. 1, mainly includes AIS subsystem and risk
Evaluation subsystem.
AIS subsystem includes being mounted on bridge across the AIS receiver at navigation channel and being separately mounted to spanning upstream and downstream
Far infrared camera shot machine.AIS subsystem is used to acquire the status information of ship, while interacting with risk evaluating system, guides
Safety of ship is current.
AIS subsystem includes AIS module and video module, AIS module, using the state letter of AIS receiver acquisition ship
Breath is acquired, including ship geographic coordinate information, ship MMSI code, boat length, ship width, ship name, ship speed
Degree and ship angle, while being interacted with risk evaluating system, guidance safety of ship is current；
Video module, all processes passed a bridge using far infrared camera shot machine digital recording record upstream and downstream ship are simultaneously stored in
Historical summary is used as on hard disk video recorder, it is convenient to provide original record for accident investigation；
Further, the risk assessment subsystem is constituted by installing the network equipment, server and display in computer room.By
The ship-borne equipment ship information data that AIS subsystem obtains is uploaded to server by network, realizes data processing, and comment according to probability risk
Estimate method and analytical calculation and assessment are carried out to data.
The risk assessment subsystem includes data processing module, probability assessment module and display module, in which:
The data processing module, for the data obtained from AIS subsystem to be standardized and are filtered, and will processing
Data preparation afterwards is at the information data and analysis assessment data for the inquiry of other subsystems；
The probability assessment module carries out ship collision probability and bridge loss for obtaining data from data processing module
Probability analysis determines ship from colliding bridge risk class, forms risk report.
The shipping display module, for simulating the real scene of bridge site, chart describes the risk etc. of daily shippping traffic
The management of grade and risk report, and carry out the displaying and management of shippping traffic digital recording.
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system method has the following steps are included: basic data acquires
Information, including bridge structure and bridge site environmental information are investigated, the ship status information for thering is AIS subsystem to acquire, including ship
Manage coordinate information, ship MMSI code, boat length, ship width, ship name, speed of the ship in metres per second and ship angle, ship's navigation
Image.
Probability distributive function method Ship ' impact rate F is further used, such as following formula:
F=PA×PG
F in formula --- ship collision probability,
PA--- ship yaw probability；
PG--- the geometry frequency of ship collision；
The ship yaw probability PAThe probability that bridge may be hit for ship deviation regular shipping lines, is counted as the following formula
It calculates:
PA=BR × RB×RiC×RiXC×RD (2)
BR in formula --- Yaw Reference probability, BR=1.2 × 10-4(barge), BR=0.6 × 10-4(steamer)；
RB--- bridge location correction factor, RB=1.0 (bridge zone is located on direct route road), RB(bridge zone is located at boat for θ/45 °=1.0+
Within road turning point 914m, θ is navigation channel corner or curvature), RBθ/90 °=1.0+ (bridge zone be located at navigation channel turning point 914m~
Within 1828m)；
RiC--- parallel modified speed coefficient, RiC=1.0+ViC/19(ViCFor the speed of the ship in metres per second for being parallel to course line)；
RiXC--- crossing current modified speed coefficient, RiXC=1.0+0.54 × ViXC(VXCFor the speed of the ship in metres per second perpendicular to course line)；
RD--- vessel traffic density revision coefficient, R when low-densityD=1.0, R when averag densityD=1.3, when high density
RD=1.6,
Parallel modified speed coefficients RiC, modified speed coefficients R of flowing overiCBridge is corrected in real time by acquiring shipping sail speed
Beam hits risk, improves risk assessment timeliness and accuracy.
The geometry frequency P of the ship collisionGFor ship in bridge area off-line probability out of control.Close
Bridge pier region, it is normal distribution curve that the present invention used, which drifts off the course, and standard deviation is boat length, is positive with navigating by water center line
The area of state curve median location, corresponding ship collision field frequency is PG.The geometric probability of ship collision is shown in Fig. 3.
PGFor normal distyribution function, standard deviation sigma is boat length, average value mu=0, variable Y~N (0, σ2), X is ship boat
Road center line is at a distance from bridge pier center, BMFor ship width, BPFor bridge pier width.
Certain risk R by ship collision of bridge is further calculated, such as following formula:
R=F (PA,PG)×PC
R in formula --- bridge certain by ship collision risk；
PC--- bridge is by accordingly damaging frequency caused by ship collision；
Further, bridge is by damage frequency P caused by ship collisionCIt is related to the impact resistant capability of bridge pier itself, lead to
The ratio of the ultimate resistance strength and ship impact force of crossing bridge pier determines.
P in formula --- Equivalent Static impact force
H --- bridge drag
Wherein Equivalent Static impact force P is calculated as follows:
The loading capacity of DWT in formula --- ship
The stroke speed of v --- ship
Further, bridge certain divide 5 bridge ships according to the damaged condition of bridge by the risk R of ship collision and hit
Risk class indicates are as follows:
R={ R1 R2 R3 R4 R5}={ is intact slight medium more serious serious }
In formula:
R1--- intact, bridge free of losses；
R2--- slight, bridge is slightly impacted；
R3--- medium, bridge needs maintenance and reinforcement；
R4--- more serious, bridge does not collapse but function is lost；
R5--- serious, bridge collapse
Further, confirmation has the dangerous ship for keeping bridge impaired, and system contacts ship by AIS receiver, prompts early warning
Information.
Further, Risk Assessment Report is formed, includes ship information, assessment result assesses knot after Forewarning Measures and early warning
Fruit, and it is associated with ship image.
The present invention effectively can carry out risk by bridge early period in ship to target ship collision risk probability calculation method
Judgement improves risk identification efficiency and navigation degree of safety.And the present invention uses risk probability quantitative classification, eliminates the fortune of ship
It reports by mistake or fails to report caused by the changeability of row track, improve the accuracy and reliability of risk identification.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system characterized by comprising
Data acquisition module, for acquiring the status information of ship, including ship geographic coordinate information, ship MMSI code, ship
Length, ship width, ship name, speed of the ship in metres per second and ship angle；
Data processing module, for the data acquired from data collection system to be standardized and filtered；
Probability assessment module, for obtaining data Ship ' hit probability from the data processing module and bridge damnification is general
Rate determines ship from colliding bridge risk class, forms risk report；
The probability assessment module specifically uses probability distributive function method Ship ' impact rate F, F=PA×PG, in formula, F is ship
Oceangoing ship hit probability, PAFor ship yaw probability；PGFor the geometry frequency of ship collision；
The ship yaw probability PAThe probability of bridge, P may be hit for ship deviation regular shipping linesA=BR × RB×RC×
RXC×RD, in formula, BR is Yaw Reference probability；RBFor bridge location correction factor；RC=1.0+VC/ 19, wherein VCTo be parallel to course line
Speed of the ship in metres per second；RXCFor the modified speed coefficient that flows over, RXC=1.0+0.54 × VXC, VXCFor the speed of the ship in metres per second perpendicular to course line；RD
For vessel traffic density revision coefficient；
The geometry frequency P of the ship collisionGFor ship in bridge area off-line probability out of control, calculate bridge
Secondary risk R, R=F (P by ship collisionA,PG)×PC, in formula R be bridge certain by ship collision risk；PCFor bridge
Beam is by accordingly damaging frequency caused by ship collision；
Bridge certain divide 5 bridge ships according to the damaged condition of bridge by the risk R of ship collision and hit risk class, table
It is shown as: R={ R1 R2 R3 R4 R5}={ is intact slight medium more serious serious }, in formula: R1Indicate intact, bridge free of losses；
R2Indicate slight, bridge is slightly impacted；R3Indicate medium, bridge needs maintenance and reinforcement；R4Indicate more serious, bridge do not collapse but
Function is lost；R5Indicate serious, bridge collapse.
2. bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system further include:
Video module is gone through for recording all processes of ship gap bridge by digital recording and being stored in be used as on hard disk video recorder
History data.
3. bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when low traffic density, RD=1.0,
When average traffic density, RD=1.3, when high traffic density, RD=1.6.
4. bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that close to bridge pier region, ship
The geometry frequency P of collisionG；Using normal distribution curve, normal distribution curve Plays difference σ is boat length, average value mu=0,
To navigate by water center line as normal distribution curve median location, BMFor ship width, BPFor bridge pier width, the geometry frequency of ship collision
Rate PG:
5. bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that bridge is caused by ship collision
Corresponding damage frequency PCIt is determined by the ratio of the ultimate resistance strength of bridge pier and ship impact force:
In formula, P is Equivalent Static impact force, and H is bridge drag, and wherein Equivalent Static impact force P is calculated as follows:DWT is the loading capacity of ship in formula, and v is the stroke speed of ship.
6. bridge-collision-avoidance risk evaluating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data acquisition module includes
AIS receiver and the far infrared camera shot machine for being separately mounted to spanning upstream and downstream.
7. a kind of bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment, which comprises the following steps:
Acquire the status information of ship, including ship geographic coordinate information, ship MMSI code, boat length, ship width, ship
Title, speed of the ship in metres per second and ship angle；
It is standardized and filters to from the data of acquisition；
According to treated data Ship ' hit probability and bridge damnification probability, ship from colliding bridge risk class is determined,
Form risk report；
Wherein, using probability distributive function method Ship ' impact rate F, F=PA×PG, in formula, F is ship collision probability, PAFor
Ship yaw probability；PGFor the geometry frequency of ship collision；
The ship yaw probability PAThe probability of bridge, P may be hit for ship deviation regular shipping linesA=BR × RB×RC×
RXC×RD, in formula, BR is Yaw Reference probability；RBFor bridge location correction factor；RC=1.0+VC/ 19, wherein VCTo be parallel to course line
Speed of the ship in metres per second；RXCFor the modified speed coefficient that flows over, RXC=1.0+0.54 × VXC, VXCFor the speed of the ship in metres per second perpendicular to course line；RD
For vessel traffic density revision coefficient；
The geometry frequency P of the ship collisionGFor ship in bridge area off-line probability out of control, calculate bridge
Secondary risk R, R=F (P by ship collisionA,PG)×PC, in formula R be bridge certain by ship collision risk；PCFor bridge
Beam is by accordingly damaging frequency caused by ship collision；
Bridge certain divide 5 bridge ships according to the damaged condition of bridge by the risk R of ship collision and hit risk class, R
={ R1 R2 R3 R4 R5}={ is intact slight medium more serious serious }, in formula: R1Indicate intact, bridge free of losses；R2It indicates
Slightly, bridge is slightly impacted；R3Indicate medium, bridge needs maintenance and reinforcement；R4Indicate more serious, bridge does not collapse but function is lost
It loses；
R5Indicate serious, bridge collapse.
8. bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that this method further include: pass through number
The all processes of word video record ship gap bridge are simultaneously stored on hard disk video recorder as historical summary.
9. bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that when low traffic density, RD=1.0,
When average traffic density, RD=1.3, when high traffic density, RD=1.6.
10. bridge-collision-avoidance methods of risk assessment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that bridge is made by ship collision
At corresponding damage frequency PCIt is determined by the ratio of the ultimate resistance strength of bridge pier and ship impact force:
In formula, P is Equivalent Static impact force, and H is bridge drag, and wherein Equivalent Static impact force P is calculated as follows:DWT is the loading capacity of ship in formula, and v is the stroke speed of ship.
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