CN109613765B - Liquid crystal display panel - Google Patents
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- CN109613765B CN109613765B CN201910113774.8A CN201910113774A CN109613765B CN 109613765 B CN109613765 B CN 109613765B CN 201910113774 A CN201910113774 A CN 201910113774A CN 109613765 B CN109613765 B CN 109613765B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 317
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which has at least one pixel region and comprises: a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are located in the pixel region. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the first electrode layer have a first pretilt angle, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the second electrode layer have a second pretilt angle, and the second pretilt angle is substantially smaller than the first pretilt angle.
Description
The application is a divisional application of Chinese invention patent application with application number of 201410464403.1 and invented name of 'liquid crystal display panel' applied on 9, 12 and 2014
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal display panel).
Background
Flat Panel Displays (FPDs) have been gradually applied to various electronic products instead of conventional Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) displays due to their superior characteristics of being light and thin, low power consumption, and non-radiation. However, as the trend of consumer electronics design changes from functionality to artistic development, which is more exotic and fashionable, liquid crystal display devices with curved surfaces have been developed.
In the process of fabricating a flat panel liquid crystal display panel, a curable monomer (reactive monomer) is applied to a glass substrate to form a Polyimide (PI) alignment film or a Polymer-stabilized alignment (PSA) film on both sides of a liquid crystal layer by photo-alignment (photo-alignment) technique, so that the liquid crystal molecules anchored by the PSA design are misaligned, and a problem of a reverse alignment domain is usually generated at the boundary between adjacent alignment domains. Taking a wide-viewing angle multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) type liquid crystal display panel as an example, if liquid crystal molecules anchored by a polymer stabilized alignment layer are dislocated, a liquid crystal optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules may generate an inversion alignment domain at a boundary of adjacent alignment domains (domains), which may cause an extra dark fringe at the boundary of the alignment domains, and seriously affect the display quality of the liquid crystal display panel.
The same problem occurs in a curved liquid crystal display device. A method of manufacturing a curved liquid crystal display device is known, in which a stress is directly applied to a flat liquid crystal display panel to make the liquid crystal display panel in a curved state. When stress is applied to the flat liquid crystal display panel to cause the glass substrates to bend, because the side of the curved liquid crystal display panel has at least one curvature radius, the curvatures of the two glass substrates of the bent liquid crystal display panel are different, so that the relative positions of the vertical light-emitting surfaces of the two glass substrates are displaced, the degree of optical axis dislocation of the anchored liquid crystal molecules is further increased, and the degree of influence on the image quality is more superior to that of the common flat liquid crystal display panel.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an advanced liquid crystal display panel to improve the problems faced by the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which solves the problem of poor display quality of the conventional liquid crystal display panel.
A liquid crystal display panel of the present invention has at least one pixel active area (pixel active area), and includes: a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are located in the pixel region. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the first electrode layer have a first pretilt angle, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the second electrode layer have a second pretilt angle, and the second pretilt angle is substantially smaller than the first pretilt angle.
In an embodiment of the invention, the lcd panel is a curved lcd panel having a curved first side with at least one radius of curvature, wherein the radius of curvature is between 500 mm and 10000 mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polymer film and a second polymer film. And a first polymer film located between the liquid crystal layer and the first electrode layer and in contact with the liquid crystal layer. The second polymer film is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second electrode layer, and is in contact with the liquid crystal layer.
In an embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal layer is a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first pretilt is substantially 90 °, and the second pretilt is greater than or equal to 80 ° and smaller than 89.9 °.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode layer has at least one first opening, the second electrode layer has at least one second opening, and the second electrode layer has an opening density greater than that of the first electrode layer.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first electrode layer is a common electrode, and the second electrode layer is a pixel electrode.
The present invention further provides a liquid crystal display panel having at least one pixel region, and comprising: a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are located in the pixel region. The liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and comprises a plurality of first directional liquid crystals and a plurality of second directional liquid crystals; wherein the area of the pixel region occupied by the second directional liquid crystals is larger than the area of the pixel region occupied by the first directional liquid crystals, and an asymmetric alignment domain (domain) is formed between the second directional liquid crystals and the first directional liquid crystals; when the liquid crystal display panel presents the brightest state, only one dark stripe is arranged in the asymmetric alignment field; the dark stripe has a dark stripe brightness, and the brightness value of the dark stripe brightness is lower than 75% of the brightness value of the brightest state of the liquid crystal display panel.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel has at least one pixel region and includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a first polymer film and a second polymer film. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are both located in the pixel region. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. And a first polymer film located between the liquid crystal layer and the first electrode layer and in contact with the liquid crystal layer. The second polymer film is located onThe liquid crystal layer and the second electrode layer, and is in contact with the liquid crystal layer. Wherein the first polymer film and the second polymer film have infrared (Infra-Red, IR) absorption spectra at wave number of 800cm-1To 2000cm-1In the range between, have different characteristic absorption peaks (absorptionpeaks).
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel having at least one pixel region, the curved liquid crystal display panel comprising: a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are both located in the pixel region. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and comprises a plurality of first directional liquid crystals and a plurality of second directional liquid crystals. The area of the second directional liquid crystal occupying the pixel area is substantially larger than that of the first directional liquid crystal occupying the pixel area, and further an asymmetric alignment domain (domain) is formed with the first directional liquid crystal. When the liquid crystal display panel presents the brightest state, only one dark stripe is arranged in the asymmetric alignment field, the dark stripe has a dark stripe brightness, and the brightness value of the dark stripe brightness is substantially lower than the brightness value of the brightest state of the curved surface liquid crystal display panel of 75%.
In view of the above, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, in which two electrode layers are formed on two opposite side surfaces of two glass substrates, and two polymer films are respectively formed on the electrode layers for aligning a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the two electrode layers. Because the chemical compositions of the two polymer films are different, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the electrode layers on the two sides respectively have different pretilt angles. In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal molecules near the electrode layer with the larger aperture ratio have a substantially larger pretilt angle. In other embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the chemical compositions of the two polymer films can be obtained by infrared absorption spectroscopy at a wave number of 800cm-1To 2000cm-1The characteristic absorption peak is different in the range between the two.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the two polymer films are applied to a wide-viewing angle MVA LCD panel. By adopting the liquid crystal display panel with different pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules close to the electrode layers on the two sides, the problem that in the conventional liquid crystal display panel manufacturing process, the anchored liquid crystal molecule liquid crystal optical axis is dislocated due to the stress of the glass substrate, so that the reverse alignment field is generated at the junction of the adjacent asymmetric alignment fields can be solved.
Therefore, when the liquid crystal display panel is in the brightest state, only one dark stripe with the brightness value substantially lower than 75% of the maximum brightness value of the brightest state of the liquid crystal display panel appears between the adjacent asymmetric alignment fields, and the problem of additional dark stripes is avoided, so that the problem of poor display quality of the conventional liquid crystal display panel can be improved. The technical characteristics disclosed by the invention are applied to the curved surface liquid crystal display panel, and the problem of the deterioration of the display quality of the known curved surface liquid crystal display panel can be obviously improved.
Drawings
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, wherein:
FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a flat panel liquid crystal display panel for fabricating a curved liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a curved liquid crystal display panel formed by bending the flat liquid crystal display panel of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an infrared absorption spectrum of two polyimide polymer films according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flat panel liquid crystal display panel for fabricating a curved liquid crystal display panel according to the prior art;
FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a curved liquid crystal display panel formed by bending the flat liquid crystal display panel of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a pixel type of a bright display frame of a conventional LCD panel;
fig. 4B is a luminance distribution diagram along the arrow direction C4 of fig. 4A;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a curved liquid crystal display panel according to another embodiment of the invention.
Element numbering in the figures:
100: curved liquid crystal display panel 100': flat liquid crystal display panel
101: pixel region 101 a: a first sub-pixel region
101 b: second sub-pixel region 102: first substrate
103: second substrate 104: a first electrode layer
104 a: surface 105 of the first electrode layer: a second electrode layer
105 a: surface 106 of the second electrode layer: liquid crystal layer
106 a: liquid crystal molecules 106 b: liquid crystal molecules
107: first polymer film 108: second polymer film
109: narrow hole 300: curved surface liquid crystal display panel
300': planar liquid crystal display panel 307: a first polymer film
308: second polymer film 400: curved surface liquid crystal display panel
401 a: alignment domains 401 b: domain of alignment
401 c: alignment domains 401 d: domain of alignment
500: curved liquid crystal display panel 508: second polymer film
A: characteristic absorption peak B: characteristic absorption peak
C4: arrow direction C5: direction of arrow
R1: boundary R2 of alignment domain: boundaries of alignment domains
R3: boundary Z of alignment field11: liquid crystal optic axis
Z12: liquid crystal optic axis Z12': liquid crystal optic axis
Z31: liquid crystal optic axis Z32: liquid crystal optic axis
Z51: liquid crystal optic axis Z52: liquid crystal optic axis
Z52': liquid crystal optical axis PI i: fold line
PI II: broken line theta1: pretilt angle
θ2: pretilt angle theta2’: pretilt angle
θ52: pretilt angle theta51: pretilt angle
Detailed Description
The invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which solves the problem of poor display quality of the conventional liquid crystal display panel. In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, several preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
It should be noted, however, that the specific embodiments and methods are not to be considered as limiting the invention. The invention may be embodied with other features, elements, methods, and parameters. The preferred embodiments are provided only for illustrating the technical features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that equivalent modifications and variations can be made in light of the following description without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the different embodiments and drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals.
The curved liquid crystal display panel 100 is fabricated by the following steps: firstly, providing a planar liquid crystal display panel 100' with at least one pixel area (such as a pixel area 101); then, an external force is applied to the flat liquid crystal display panel 100' to bend the flat liquid crystal display panel. Referring to fig. 1A, fig. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a flat liquid crystal display panel 100' for manufacturing a curved liquid crystal display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the flat liquid crystal display panel 100' may be a multi-domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display panel. The flat liquid crystal display panel 100' includes: a first substrate 102, a second substrate 103, a first electrode layer 104, a second electrode layer 105, a liquid crystal layer 106, a first polymer film 107, and a second polymer film 108.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are preferably glass substrates, and the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are parallel to each other (but not limited thereto). The first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 are respectively located on the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103, and the first electrode layer 104 faces the second electrode layer 105. Preferably, the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 are made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO).
A first polymer film 107 is formed on the first electrode layer 104; a second polymer film 108 is formed on the second electrode layer 105; and the first polymer film 107 faces the second polymer film 108. The materials constituting the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 may be the same or different. In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 are Polyimide (PI) films.
The liquid crystal layer 106 is located between a first polymer film 107 and a second polymer film 108. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first polymer film 107 is formed on the surface 104a of the first electrode layer 104 facing the second electrode layer 105, and is in direct contact with the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 106; the second polymer film 108 is formed on a surface 105a of the second electrode layer 105 facing the first electrode layer 104, and is in direct contact with liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 106.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 are located in the pixel region 101 of the planar liquid crystal display panel 100'. For clarity, the single pixel region 101 of the flat liquid crystal display panel 100' is illustrated. Specifically, the pixel region 101 is the smallest display unit in the flat liquid crystal display panel 100'. The flat liquid crystal display panel 100' includes at least one pixel array (pixel array) formed of a plurality of pixel regions 101. Each pixel area 101 of the pixel array may be defined by a black matrix (not shown) overlying the first substrate 102.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first electrode layer 104 may be a common electrode (common electrode) of the pixel region 101 of the flat liquid crystal display panel 100'; the second electrode layer 105 is a pixel electrode of the pixel region 101. Wherein, the first electrode layer 104 in the pixel region 101 has a complete surface; the second electrode layer 105 in the pixel region 101 has a plurality of narrow holes (slits)109 or openings.
However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the first electrode layer 104 may also have at least one slot (slits) or opening (not shown). And the opening density (i.e., the ratio of the area of the narrow holes or openings to the area of the second electrode layer 105) on the surface of the second electrode layer 105 may be greater than the opening density of the narrow holes on the surface of the first electrode layer 104, i.e., the surface of the second electrode layer 105 has a larger area of the narrow holes 109 or openings per unit area than the surface of the first electrode layer 104. In other embodiments of the present invention, the second electrode layer 105 with a higher aperture density may also be a common electrode in the pixel region 101 of the flat liquid crystal display panel 100'; the first electrode layer 104 with a smaller aperture density may be a pixel electrode in the pixel region 101 of the flat liquid crystal display panel 100'.
In the present embodiment, the plurality of slits (the openings) 109 on the surface of the second electrode layer 105 can be used as alignment domain orientation adjusting members (domains) of the liquid crystal layer 106 for adjusting the alignment orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the pixel region 101. For example, the liquid crystal molecules in the pixel region 101 may be obliquely aligned along the direction of the slit 109, so that a single pixel region 101 is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel regions, such as a first sub-pixel region 101a and a second sub-pixel region 101b, and thus, when a voltage is applied to the single pixel region 101, a plurality (at least two) of alignment domains (domains) having different alignment orientations may be formed, thereby obtaining a wide viewing angle representation.
Specifically, the liquid crystal layer 106 is affected by the surface topography of the slits 109, and the liquid crystal molecules 10 near the second electrode layer 1056b in the first sub-pixel area 101a and the second sub-pixel area 101b, the liquid crystal optical axes Z having different tilt directions12And Z12'. The second polymer film 108 includes a plurality of curable molecules, and the curable molecules are cured by a photo-curing or thermal-curing step to adjust the liquid crystal optical axis Z12And Z12The' tilt direction is anchored to remain unchanged.
Additionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, both the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 have a complete surface. In this case, the alignment process of the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 includes applying different electric fields to the liquid crystal layer 106 in different regions of the pixel region 101, such as the first sub-pixel region 101a and the second sub-pixel region 101b, respectively, for making the liquid crystal optical axis, such as Z, of the liquid crystal molecules in the different regions12And Z12The 'rotation' has different tilt directions and forms an angle with the second substrate 103. At the same time, the second polymer film 108 is irradiated with light, such as Ultraviolet (UV) light or heat, so that the curable monomer monomers (reactive monomers) in the second polymer film 108 are interconnected (cross link) to make the liquid crystal layer 106 close to the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106b of the second electrode 105 (second polymer film 108)12And Z12' anchoring. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal optic axis Z is anchored12And Z12The angle between the first substrate 103 and the substrate will remain constant.
Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, before the alignment process is performed, the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 may be first conformally (conformal) coated with a polyimide material on the surfaces 104a and 105b of the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 by spin coating (spin coating) or printing (printing), respectively. In this embodiment, only the polyimide material of the second polymer film 108 is doped with the curable reactant monomer, and the polyimide material of the first polymer film 107 does not include any curable reactant monomer.
The alignment treatment of the first polymer film 107 may be a directional rubbing (rubbing) method, in which micro grooves (not shown) are formed on the surface of the polyimide film to induce the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 106a of the liquid crystal layer 106 along the rubbing direction. Or the polarized ultraviolet light is used to irradiate the polyimide film with the photo-hardening polymer to generate the damage and rearrangement of molecular chains, so as to cause micro grooves on the surface and further control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. The polyimide film can also be irradiated by high-energy laser or ion beam in a specific direction to peel off the surface of the polyimide film, so that the surface groove effect is caused, and the aim of liquid crystal molecule alignment is fulfilled. Or alternatively, the liquid crystal layer or the polymer film may be doped with reactive monomers (reactive monomers) to induce the alignment direction of the liquid crystal by applying a voltage and react with light or heat to achieve a pretilt angle.
Since only the first polymer film 107 can perform the pre-tilt alignment on the liquid crystal layer 106, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of a portion of the liquid crystal molecules 106a close to the first polymer film 10711Anchoring is not generated. It should be noted that the alignment treatment of the first polymer film 107 is not limited thereto, and any other operation may also generate the pretilt angle to the liquid crystal layer 106.
The second polymer film 108 is aligned by irradiating ultraviolet light or heating the second polymer film 108 to polymerize the curable reactant monomer in the second polymer film 108 with a portion of the liquid crystal molecules 106b near the second polymer film 108, so that the liquid crystal molecules 106b near the second electrode layer 105 (the second polymer film 108) have their liquid crystal optical axes Z12And Z12' are anchored and respectively form a predetermined angle, e.g. theta, with the second substrate 1032And-theta2' (hereinafter abbreviated as pretilt angle θ)2And-theta2’)。
It should be noted that although the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 are made of polyimide in the present embodiment, they cannot be distinguished by physical structures. However, since only the second polymer film 108 is mixed with the curable reactant monomer, the difference in chemical composition between the two polymer films can be still resolved by infrared absorption spectroscopy.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an infrared absorption spectrum of two polyimide polymer films according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from an examination of FIG. 2, the wave number is substantially 2000cm-1To 4000cm-1Meanwhile, the characteristic absorption peak waveforms of the absorption spectra of the two polyimide polymer films (the broken line PI i represents the infrared absorption spectrum of the first polymer film 107 and the broken line PI ii represents the infrared absorption spectrum of the second polymer film 108) are substantially the same except that the absorption intensities are different. The difference in absorption intensity should be the result of process conditions.
At wave number of substantially 800cm-1To 2000cm-1There is a considerable difference in the characteristic absorption peaks of the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108. From this range of the infrared absorption spectrum, the substantial difference in the material quality of the polyimide monomer in the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 can be shown. For example, the infrared absorption spectrum broken lines PIII are each 1368cm in wave number-1And 1490cm-1At this position, distinct characteristic absorption peaks a and B appear, respectively, and the infrared absorption spectrum broken line PI i does not have any characteristic absorption peak at this position, so that the polyimide monomer of the second polymer film 108 is substantially different from that of the first polymer film 107.
Specifically, the infrared absorption spectrum is at a wavenumber of 1368cm-1The characteristic absorption peak A of (A) represents a C-H bond at a wave number of 1720cm-1The characteristic absorption peak B of (a) represents a C ═ C bond. The difference between the fold lines PI and PI II can be explained as follows: the polyimide monomer forming the second polymer film 108 may additionally include other bonds that are cross-linked with curable reactant monomers. It should be noted, however, that the present invention is not limited to the above two methods for detecting the chemical composition of the polymer film. Any method that can detect a difference in chemical composition between the two or can detect the curable reactant monomer can be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Referring again to figure 1A of the drawings,the liquid crystal layer 106 after being aligned by the first polymer film 107 and the second polymer film 108 may be a parallel alignment (homeotropic) liquid crystal layer, a homeotropic (homeotropic) liquid crystal layer, or a twisted alignment (twisted) liquid crystal layer. Wherein the liquid crystal layer 106 is close to the liquid crystal molecules 106a of the first electrode layer 104 and the liquid crystal optical axis Z thereof11Has a pretilt angle theta with the first substrate 1021(ii) a The liquid crystal layer 106 is close to the liquid crystal molecules 106b of the second electrode layer 105, and the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal layer is in the first sub-pixel region 101a12A pretilt angle theta with the second substrate 1032(ii) a In the second sub-pixel region 101b, the liquid crystal optical axis Z thereof12' Pre-tilt angle-theta with the second substrate 1032. Wherein the pretilt angle theta1Substantially 90 °, preferably between 89.9 ° and 90 °. Pretilt angle theta2Substantially less than 89.9 DEG and less than pretilt angle theta1. In some embodiments of the invention, the pretilt angle θ2Preferably greater than or equal to 80 degrees and less than 89.9 degrees.
In the present embodiment, the first polymer film 107 is a vertical alignment film. Therefore, when no voltage has been applied to the liquid crystal layer 106, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106b in the liquid crystal layer 106 close to the second electrode layer 105 (the second polymer film 108) is not present12And Z12' pretilt angles with the second substrate 103 are respectively theta2And-theta2I.e. the liquid crystal optic axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a of the liquid crystal layer 106 close to the first electrode layer 10411Pretilt angle theta with the first substrate 1021Is near homeotropic alignment.
When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 106, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106b in the first sub-pixel region 101a and the second sub-pixel region 101b12And Z12The liquid crystal molecules in the first sub-pixel region 101a and the second sub-pixel region 101b have different liquid crystal orientations. For example, the liquid crystal optical axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the first sub-pixel region 101a are directed to the upper right, lower right, and left; the liquid crystal optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the second sub-pixel region 101b points to the upper, left, lower, right, thereby forming an alignment domain including a plurality (at least two) alignment domains having different alignment orientations. And in R1(as indicated by the frame lines)Mark) to create a boundary where the liquid crystal is poured. In the present embodiment, the pixel region 101 is located at the boundary R of two adjacent alignment domains (the first sub-pixel region 101a and the second sub-pixel region 101b)1The liquid crystal molecules (as indicated by the frame lines) are not affected by the electric fields of the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 when the voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal axes thereof are perpendicular to the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103, respectively.
Referring to fig. 1B, fig. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a curved liquid crystal display panel 100 formed by bending the flat liquid crystal display panel 100' of fig. 1A. When the flat liquid crystal display panel 100' is bent by a force, the curvature of the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 is different, and besides the arc center of the curved surface, the relative position perpendicular to the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 will generate a relative displacement compared to the planar state, which causes the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 106 to be rearranged along with the displacement of the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103. However, most of the liquid crystal molecules are not anchored by the second polymer film 108, so the liquid crystal alignment of other liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 106 and the liquid crystal alignment of the first polymer film 107 are still vertical alignment except the liquid crystal molecules 106b anchored by the second polymer film 108, and the problem of liquid crystal alignment error due to the relative displacement of the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 caused by stress is not observed.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a side of the curved lcd panel 100 that is curved inward has a curvature radius substantially between 500 mm to 10000 mm. For example, in the present embodiment, the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 is forced to bend the second substrate 103 having a curvature radius substantially between 750 mm. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 may have different bending directions. For example, the center point of the second substrate 103, which is bent by the force, may be convex outward or concave inward. In yet other embodiments, the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 may have more than one curved surface, for example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second substrate 103 may be bent outward after being bent inward and spaced apart by a certain distance, so that the surface of the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 forms a topographic structure having at least two curved surfaces and a wavy shape. The respective radii of curvature of the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 may be the same or different, regardless of whether they are curved outward or inward.
Specifically, since the liquid crystal molecules 106a in direct contact with the first polymer film 107 are not anchored, when the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are forced to generate relative displacement, the liquid crystal molecules 106a are not changed, and the liquid crystal optical axis Z thereof is not changed11Is still vertically aligned along the surface of the first polymer film 107, i.e. the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a11Is still perpendicular to the first substrate 102; pretilt angle theta of liquid crystal molecules 106a1Still substantially 90.
In contrast, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106b due to direct contact with the second polymer film 10812Anchored on the second polymer film 108, when the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are forced to generate relative displacement, the liquid crystal molecules 106B near the second electrode layer 105 (the second polymer film 108) will generate relative displacement (moving leftward as shown in fig. 1B) with the second substrate 103. Due to the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106b after the displacement12And Z12' the pretilt angles between the substrates are still theta2And-theta2The pretilt angle between the liquid crystal optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules rearranged after the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are displaced and the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 do not change.
The difference between the curved-surface lcd panel 100 and the flat-panel lcd panel 100' before the forced displacement is that the boundary between two adjacent alignment domains in the pixel region 101 is moved from R1 shown in fig. 1A to R2 shown in fig. 1B. When a voltage is applied to the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 for displaying, no excessive dark stripes are generated at the boundary R2 between two adjacent alignment domains. After the boundary of the two alignment domains moves, the number of dark stripes at the boundary R2 is the same as the number of dark stripes at the boundary R1 before the forced displacement, so the display quality of the pixel region 101 is not affected.
And then compared with the known curved liquid crystal display panel 300. Referring to fig. 3A to 3B, fig. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a flat liquid crystal display panel 300' for manufacturing a curved liquid crystal display panel 300 according to a conventional technique. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a curved liquid crystal display panel 300 formed by bending the flat liquid crystal display panel 300' of FIG. 3A. The structure of the flat liquid crystal display panel 300 ' is substantially similar to the flat liquid crystal display panel 100 ' shown in fig. 1A, and the difference is only that the first polymer film 307 and the second polymer film 308 on both sides of the flat liquid crystal display panel 300 ' are polyimide films containing curable reactant monomers.
When the flat panel liquid crystal display panel 300' is forced to bend, as shown in FIG. 3B, the liquid crystal optical axis Z is formed by the liquid crystal molecules 106a and 106B of the liquid crystal layer 106 directly contacting the first polymer film 307 and the second polymer film 30831And Z32Are anchored to the surface of the first 307 and second 308 polymer films, respectively. Therefore, when the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are forced to generate relative displacement, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a and 106b on two sides31And Z32The misalignment in the opposite direction is also generated, and a reverse alignment domain is generated at the boundary R3 of two adjacent alignment domains in the pixel region 301, which results in the dark fringe at the boundary R3 of the alignment domains being enlarged and may generate additional dark fringes.
Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, fig. 4A illustrates a pixel type of a bright display frame of a conventional curved liquid crystal display panel 400. Fig. 4B is a luminance distribution diagram along the arrow direction C4 of fig. 4A. As can be observed from fig. 4A: the pixel region 401 of the liquid crystal display panel 400 includes 4 alignment domains 401a, 401b, 401c, and 401 d. Due to the relative displacement of the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 caused by the force, the adjacent alignment domains have asymmetric appearances (as shown by the frame lines in fig. 4A, the alignment domains 401a and 401b are asymmetric to each other). And besides a distinct dark stripe appears at the intersection of two adjacent alignment domains, e.g., R3 at the intersection of alignment domains 401a and 401b, multiple dark stripes appear in alignment domains 401c and 401 b. As shown in fig. 4B, the pattern brightness of the patterns is substantially lower than 75% of the maximum brightness of the brightest state of the curved-surface lcd panel 400. In addition, the distribution of the luminance values in the alignment domains 401a and 401b is also quite uneven, and the dark fringe width of the R3 at the boundary between the adjacent alignment domains 401c and 401b is also significantly enlarged. This illustrates: after the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are stressed to generate relative displacement, the display quality of the liquid crystal display panel 400 is obviously reduced. Similarly, when the curved liquid crystal display panel is bent by a force, the degradation of the display quality will be more obvious.
In summary, although the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 shown in fig. 1B is bent under a force to make the alignment domains in the pixel region 101 have asymmetric appearances, no additional dark fringe is generated at the boundary R1 of adjacent alignment domains, so that the display quality of the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 is not affected. In contrast, in the conventional lcd panel 400, the upper and lower substrates (the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103) are forced to generate a relative displacement, so that the R3 generates dark stripes with a significantly enlarged width and a significantly increased number at the boundary between the adjacent alignment domains 401c and 401 b. Accordingly, it can be verified that the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 provided by the present invention can solve the problem of poor display quality of the conventional curved liquid crystal display panel 400.
Referring to fig. 5 again, fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a curved liquid crystal display panel 500 according to another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the curved liquid crystal display panel 500 is similar to that of the curved liquid crystal display panel 100 shown in fig. 1B, except that the second Polymer film 508 in the curved liquid crystal display panel 500 may be a Polymer-stabilized alignment (PSA) Polymer layer.
The second polymer film 508 is formed by mixing a curable reactant monomer, such as an acryl monomer, into a liquid crystal material, instead of directly coating a polymer material on the second electrode layer 105 by spin coating or printing; then, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 106 through the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105, such that the liquid crystal molecules 106b of the liquid crystal layer 106 close to the second electrode layer 105 are phase-separated from the acryl monomer by polymerization (phase discaga)get), and further a polymerized film of liquid crystal molecules is formed on the surface of the second electrode layer 105, and the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the polymerized liquid crystal molecules 106b is made52And Z52' according to a predetermined angle, e.g. pretilt angle θ52And-theta52And (4) arranging.
In this embodiment, the co-polymer film of the liquid crystal molecules can be formed only on the surface 105a of the second electrode layer 105 by controlling the irradiation angle, position and irradiation dose of the ultraviolet light. And a polyimide film having no curable reactant monomer as described above is used as the first polymer film 107 so that the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a close to the first electrode layer 10451Will not be anchored to the surface of the first polymeric film 107. Therefore, after the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 103 are forced to generate relative displacement, the liquid crystal optical axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a51Still perpendicular to the first substrate 102, i.e. the liquid crystal optic axis Z of the liquid crystal molecules 106a of the liquid crystal layer 106 close to the first electrode layer 10451Pretilt angle theta with the first substrate 10251Still 90 deg.. Since the structure and the manufacturing method of other elements of the curved liquid crystal display panel 500 have been described in detail above, they are not described herein in detail.
In view of the above, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, in which two electrode layers are formed on two opposite side surfaces of two glass substrates, and two polymer films are respectively formed on the electrode layers for aligning a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the two electrode layers. Because the chemical compositions of the two polymer films are different, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer close to the electrode layers on the two sides respectively have different pretilt angles. In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal molecules near the electrode layer with a larger opening density have a substantially larger pretilt angle. In other embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the chemical compositions of the two polymer films can be obtained by infrared absorption spectroscopy at a wave number of 800cm-1To 2000cm-1The characteristic absorption peak is different in the range between the two.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the two polymer films are used in a wide-viewing angle MVA LCD panel. By adopting the liquid crystal display panel with different pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules close to the electrode layers on the two sides, the problem that in the conventional liquid crystal display panel manufacturing process, the liquid crystal optical axis of the anchored liquid crystal molecules is dislocated due to the stress of the glass substrate, so that the reverse alignment field is generated at the junction of the adjacent asymmetric alignment fields can be solved.
Therefore, when the liquid crystal display panel is in the brightest state, only one dark stripe with the brightness value substantially lower than 75% of the maximum brightness value of the brightest state of the liquid crystal display panel appears between the adjacent asymmetric alignment fields, and the problems of dark stripe expansion or extra dark stripes are avoided, so that the problem of poor display quality of the conventional liquid crystal display panel can be improved. The technical characteristics disclosed by the invention are applied to the curved surface liquid crystal display panel, and the problem of the deterioration of the display quality of the known curved surface liquid crystal display panel can be obviously improved.
Although the present invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
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| TWI584023B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-05-21 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal alignment method thereof |
| CN106686423B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-03-20 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Multi-picture display method and display device |
| US10325963B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-06-18 | Innolux Corporation | Display device |
| CN106918955B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-09-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of smooth alignment apparatus and method, liquid crystal display panel |
| CN109581753A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-05 | 成都中电熊猫显示科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel |
| US11307463B2 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-04-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display panel and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN110196518A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-03 | 成都中电熊猫显示科技有限公司 | alignment method of liquid crystal panel, liquid crystal panel and display device |
| CN112711148A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-27 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel |
| CN111025772A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-17 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Flexible display panel, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| CN110928016B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-02-22 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel, display device and manufacturing method of display device |
| CN111240100B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-07-06 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Bendable liquid crystal display panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111781774B (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2021-08-03 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel preparation method and liquid crystal display panel |
| CN113359354A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-07 | 北海惠科光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN113568200A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-29 | 惠州华星光电显示有限公司 | Dark cluster repairing method and device for curved liquid crystal display panel |
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