CN109613208A - A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit - Google Patents
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109613208A CN109613208A CN201811419563.9A CN201811419563A CN109613208A CN 109613208 A CN109613208 A CN 109613208A CN 201811419563 A CN201811419563 A CN 201811419563A CN 109613208 A CN109613208 A CN 109613208A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of simulation experiment methods of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, by the way that two trial zones A and B are arranged, pass through the simulated rainfall carried out to two cells, it is analyzed by depositional configuration to silt in the gutter of the hillside fields hillslope processes B and distribution characteristics, and by the analysis to experimental plot A, cell B flow and silt content, the soil and water conservation benefit of ground gutter can be inquired into；Pass through nutrient, pollutant and the particle-size analysis of soil samples to silt in experimental plot A, experimental plot B and ground gutter, ground gutter can be inquired into the soil conservation fertilizer conservation benefit of sloping upland, analyze the contribution of the transition process and ground gutter of pollution of area source to contaminant transportation is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the soil erosions and conservation technology field, and in particular to a kind of sloping upland gutter water and soil conservation effect
The simulation experiment method of benefit.
Technical background
Southern area rainfall is abundant, and breaking topography, the gradient is steep, and the soil erosion is serious.Sloping upland soil erosion is administered to ask
Topic is widely noticed from ancient times to the present, in the hilly region in South China for having more than one thousand years history of tillage especially Purple soil hill, vast agriculture
The people creatively apply slope surface water system engineering measure prevention soil and water loss, and go back to ground using ditch sand and maintain soil fertility.This measure exists
It played an important role in hillside fields protection and improvement.In slope surface water system engineering, hillside fields gutter is the first of Topographic factor
Road defence line played an important role in hillside fields protection and improvement.
Although ground gutter has longer practical application history, due to its specification and shape with hillside fields condition and type, plough
Make that system, farming habit, regional climate etc. be different and complicated multiplicity, it is insufficient to the attention of its theoretical research, it is retained soil conservation function
The influence and benefit of energy and the mechanism of action and ground gutter to slope surface water sand migration rule are still unclear so far.In order to deepen to slope
Ground gutter is retained the understanding of the soil conservation mechanism of action and rand ditch-water sand migration rule, and it is big to obtain to need to design different tests
Reliable test data is measured to be studied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a kind of simulation test side of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit
Method, by comparative test, Simulated rainfall is retained the soil conservation mechanism of action and rand ditch-water sand migration rule for gutter over the ground
It is studied.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: slope leveling is chosen, the sloping upland of length of grade 10-20m is as experiment plot；
(2) setting of rainfall area: test 8 artificial rain manual switchboards of plot over-assemble are being chosen, the spacing of rain-dropping machine is 1.5m, rainfall
Height 2.5m can provide the uniform rainfall region of 4.5 × 12m；
(3) setting of hillslope processes:
A, on the test plot of artificial rain manual switchboard covering, hillslope processes A and hillslope processes B, hillslope processes A and experiment are marked off
It is provided with observation zone of action between cell B, carries out drainage sunk well；
B, hillslope processes A is provided with afflux groove and sampled point without hillside fields gutter, slope surface end；
C, hillside fields gutter is provided between hillslope processes B and hillslope processes A, hillside fields gutter is close to one end of hillslope processes B, slope
Ground gutter cross section is provided with drainage tube in "U" shaped, 0-3 ° of ditch grade of hillside fields gutter longitudinal direction, hillside fields gutter trench ends；
(4) acquisition of laboratory sample: adjusting rainfall intensity according to demand, and the silt of hillslope processes A collects in afflux groove with rainfall
It is sampled at sampled point afterwards, the silt of hillslope processes B collects in the gutter of hillside fields with rainfall, is adopted at sampled point
Sample.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the hillslope processes A and
The size of hillslope processes B is 2.5 × 4m.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the hillslope processes A and
The periphery of hillslope processes B is provided with the frame higher than slope surface.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the hillside fields gutter length,
It is wide to be set as 250 × 30 × 15cm with deep.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the afflux groove (7)
Shape is to be inverted triangle.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the afflux groove and sampling
Point is connected by pvc pipe.
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit of the present invention, wherein the hillside fields gutter and adopting
Sampling point is connected by pvc pipe.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has clear advantage and beneficial effect, from the above technical scheme, this hair
It is bright by be arranged two trial zones A and B, by the simulated rainfall carried out to two cells, by the gutter of the hillside fields hillslope processes B
The depositional configuration and distribution characteristics of silt are analyzed, and by the analysis to experimental plot A, cell B flow and silt content, can
To inquire into the soil and water conservation benefit of ground gutter；By to the nutrient of silt in experimental plot A, experimental plot B and ground gutter,
Pollutant and particle-size analysis of soil samples can inquire into ground gutter to the soil conservation fertilizer conservation benefit of sloping upland, analyze moving for pollution of area source
Move past the contribution of journey and ground gutter to contaminant transportation is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is hillslope processes design drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 difference raininess down-off change procedure figure；
Silt content change procedure figure under Fig. 3 difference raininess.
It is identified in figure: 1, testing sloping upland soil；2, iron sheet；3, drainage tube；4, hillside fields gutter；5, cell frame；6, small
Area's A sampled point；7, afflux groove；8, experimental plot B；9, experimental plot A；10 observation zone of action.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: slope leveling is chosen, the sloping upland of length of grade 10m is as experiment plot；
(2) setting of rainfall area: test 8 artificial rain manual switchboards of plot over-assemble are being chosen, the spacing of rain-dropping machine is 1.5m, rainfall
Height 2.5m can provide the uniform rainfall region of 4.5 × 12m；
(3) setting of hillslope processes:
A, hillslope processes A9 and hillslope processes B8 are marked off on the test plot of artificial rain manual switchboard covering, hillslope processes A9 and
Observation zone of action 10 is provided between hillslope processes B8；
B, hillslope processes A9 is provided with afflux groove 7 and sampled point 6 without hillside fields gutter, slope surface end；
C, be provided with hillside fields gutter 4 between hillslope processes B8 and hillslope processes A9, hillside fields gutter close to hillslope processes B8 one
End, hillside fields gutter cross section are in "U" shaped, and 3 ° of ditch grade of hillside fields gutter longitudinal direction, gutter 4 trench ends in hillside fields are provided with drainage
Pipe 3；
(4) acquisition of laboratory sample: adjusting rainfall intensity according to demand, and the silt of hillslope processes A9 collects in afflux groove with rainfall
Sampled at sampled point 6 after 7, the silt of hillslope processes B8 collects in hillside fields gutter 4 with rainfall, at drainage tube 3 into
Row sampling.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: slope leveling is chosen, the sloping upland of length of grade 18m is as experiment plot；
(2) setting of rainfall area: test 8 artificial rain manual switchboards of plot over-assemble are being chosen, the spacing of rain-dropping machine is 1.5m, rainfall
Height 2.5m can provide the uniform rainfall region of 4.5 × 12m；
(3) setting of hillslope processes:
A, hillslope processes A9 and hillslope processes B8 are marked off on the test plot of artificial rain manual switchboard covering, hillslope processes A9 and
Observation zone of action 10 is provided between hillslope processes B8；
B, hillslope processes A9 is provided with afflux groove 7 and sampled point 6 without hillside fields gutter, slope surface end；
C, be provided with hillside fields gutter 4 between hillslope processes B8 and hillslope processes A9, hillside fields gutter close to hillslope processes B8 one
End, hillside fields gutter cross section are in "U" shaped, and 2 ° of ditch grade of hillside fields gutter longitudinal direction, gutter 4 trench ends in hillside fields are provided with drainage
Pipe 3；
(4) acquisition of laboratory sample: adjusting rainfall intensity according to demand, and the silt of hillslope processes A9 collects in afflux groove with rainfall
Sampled at sampled point 6 after 7, the silt of hillslope processes B8 collects in hillside fields gutter 4 with rainfall, at drainage tube 3 into
Row sampling.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: slope leveling is chosen, the sloping upland of length of grade 20m is as experiment plot；
(2) setting of rainfall area: test 8 artificial rain manual switchboards of plot over-assemble are being chosen, the spacing of rain-dropping machine is 1.5m, rainfall
Height 2.5m can provide the uniform rainfall region of 4.5 × 12m；
(3) setting of hillslope processes:
A, hillslope processes A9 and hillslope processes B8 are marked off on the test plot of artificial rain manual switchboard covering, hillslope processes A9 and
Observation zone of action 10 is provided between hillslope processes B8；
B, hillslope processes A9 is provided with afflux groove 7 and sampled point 6 without hillside fields gutter, slope surface end；
C, be provided with hillside fields gutter 4 between hillslope processes B8 and hillslope processes A9, hillside fields gutter close to hillslope processes B8 one
End, hillside fields gutter cross section are in "U" shaped, and 0 ° of ditch grade of hillside fields gutter longitudinal direction, gutter 4 trench ends in hillside fields are provided with sampling
Point 3；
(4) acquisition of laboratory sample: adjusting rainfall intensity according to demand, and the silt of hillslope processes A9 collects in afflux groove with rainfall
Sampled at sampled point 6 after 7, the silt of hillslope processes B8 collects in hillside fields gutter 4 with rainfall, at sampled point 3 into
Row sampling.
It is tested as follows by this method:
As shown in Fig. 2, when raininess be 20mm/h when, cell A flow is relatively stable, average out to 23.38ml/s, cell B flow by
Cumulative big, two cell flows are almost equal after 35min, and average out to 17.38ml/s, compared with cell A, flow reduces
25.63%.When raininess is 55.48mm/h, cell A flow is fluctuated, and peak value occurs in when 15min, basicly stable later,
It keeps stable after average flow rate 122.66ml/s, cell B flow 5min, equally peak value occurs in 15min, later
Basicly stable, average flow rate 88.02ml/s, flow reduces 28.24%；
As shown in figure 3, cell A and B silt content is more stable, and mean sediment concentration is respectively 0.013 when raininess is 20mm/h
G/ml, 0.006g/ml, ground gutter reduce soil loss amount 53.15%.When raininess is 55.48mm/h, cell A and B silt content
It is presented the trend being gradually reduced, basicly stable after 10min, mean sediment concentration is respectively 0.023 g/ml, 0.016g/
Ml, ground gutter reduce soil loss amount 31.93%.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint
What is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair without departing from technical solution of the present invention content
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: slope leveling is chosen, the sloping upland that length of grade is 10-20m is as experiment plot；
(2) setting of rainfall area: test 8 artificial rain manual switchboards of plot over-assemble are being chosen, the spacing of rain-dropping machine is 1.5m, rainfall
Height 2.5m can provide the uniform rainfall region of 4.5 × 12m；
(3) setting of hillslope processes:
A, on the test plot of artificial rain manual switchboard covering, hillslope processes A(9 is marked off) and hillslope processes B(8), hillslope processes A
(9) and hillslope processes B(8) between be provided with observation zone of action (10), carry out drainage sunk well；
B, hillslope processes A(9) without hillside fields gutter, slope surface end is provided with afflux groove (7) and sampled point (6)；
C, in hillslope processes B(8) and hillslope processes A(9) between be provided with hillside fields gutter (4), hillside fields gutter is close to hillslope processes B
(8) one end, hillside fields gutter cross section are in "U" shaped, 3 ° of ditch grade of hillside fields gutter longitudinal direction, hillside fields gutter (4) trench ends
It is provided with drainage tube (3)；
(4) rainfall intensity, hillslope processes A(9 the acquisition of laboratory sample: are adjusted according to demand) silt collect in afflux with rainfall
Sampled at sampled point (6) after slot (7), hillslope processes B(8) silt collected in hillside fields gutter (4) with rainfall, drawing
Flow tube is sampled at (3).
2. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The size of the hillslope processes A and hillslope processes B that state are 2.5 × 4m.
3. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The periphery of the hillslope processes A and hillslope processes B that state are provided with the frame higher than slope surface.
4. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The hillside fields gutter length and width stated is set as 250 × 30 × 15cm with deep.
5. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The shape for the afflux groove (7) stated is to be inverted triangle.
6. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The afflux groove stated is connected with sampled point by pvc pipe.
7. a kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The hillside fields gutter stated is connected with sampled point by pvc pipe.
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| CN201811419563.9A CN109613208A (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit |
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| CN201811419563.9A CN109613208A (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2473262A1 (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-07-17 | Renard Patrick | Underground irrigation and drainage strip - has channels formed in plastics strip with permeable felted material on upper side for seepage |
| US5056281A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-10-15 | 501 Beaver Plastics, Ltd. | Basewrap foundation wall insulation and drainage |
| EP0933477B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2004-04-07 | Ming-Chun Hu | Drainage method and strap draining materials therefor |
| CN102174817A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for constructing artificially natural slope-type terrace land in Three Gorges reservoir area |
| CN102721449A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-10 | 西安科技大学 | Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount |
| CN104155151A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ridge water and soil loss monitoring device |
| CN105284546A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-02-03 | 高渐飞 | Artificial cultivation method for wild fruit Kadsura coccinea |
-
2018
- 2018-11-26 CN CN201811419563.9A patent/CN109613208A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2473262A1 (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-07-17 | Renard Patrick | Underground irrigation and drainage strip - has channels formed in plastics strip with permeable felted material on upper side for seepage |
| US5056281A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-10-15 | 501 Beaver Plastics, Ltd. | Basewrap foundation wall insulation and drainage |
| EP0933477B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2004-04-07 | Ming-Chun Hu | Drainage method and strap draining materials therefor |
| CN102174817A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for constructing artificially natural slope-type terrace land in Three Gorges reservoir area |
| CN102721449A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-10 | 西安科技大学 | Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount |
| CN104155151A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ridge water and soil loss monitoring device |
| CN105284546A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-02-03 | 高渐飞 | Artificial cultivation method for wild fruit Kadsura coccinea |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 蔡雄飞: "坡地边沟水土保持机理研究", 《《中国科学院机构图书馆网络》》 * |
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