CN109612885A - A kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method - Google Patents
A kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method, it is measured by physical test and tentatively drafts method and construct the mineral grain model parameter constitutive model based on distinct element method, it is measured using constitutive model combination stocking angle and carries out physical modeling and numerical simulation bidirectional experimental, on the basis of preliminary identification result, orthogonal numerical test is carried out by independent variable of mineral grain model parameter, regression analysis is carried out by evaluation index of stocking angle measured value, and target value is measured as with stocking angle physical test, establish regression model, determine that mineral grain Model Parameter Optimization combines, established optimum organization is verified again by numerical experimentation, it is final to determine the mineral grain model parameter based on distinct element method.Technical solution of the present invention solves the problems, such as that existing mineral grain model parameter acquisition difficulty is big, measurement accuracy is low, provides effective technological means for the determination of mineral grain numerical experiments parameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mineral processing, specifically, more particularly to a kind of mineral based on distinct element method
Grain model parameter scaling method.
Background technique
With continually developing for mineral resources and being constantly progressive for mineral processing technology, using relatively advanced numerical simulation
Method carries out prediction to sorting mineral technique and optimizes one of the emphasis for having become technical field of mineral processing research.
Distinct element method DEM (Discrete element method) is used as powder and bulk material numerical simulation study weight
One of method is wanted, is widely used to the multiple fields such as chemical industry, geophysics, civil engineering at present, this method is equally with its height
The advantages that efficiency, high-precision gradually be applied to mineral process the simulation study of particle motor behavior, for optimization ore-dressing technique parameter,
It improves technical indicator and provides effective means.And the mineral grain physical property ginseng as mineral processing numerical simulation technology basis
Number is the basic foundation of numerical simulation study, is of crucial importance to mineral processing numerical simulation study, accurate reasonable
Mineral grain model parameter be guarantee the high-precision necessary condition of numerical simulation result.In each process rank of mineral processing craft
Section, since the processing technology means taken are different, mineral grain property is significantly different, and mineral grain characteristic is surveyed in each stage
It is larger to determine difficulty, it is difficult to process numerical simulation study for mineral and accurately and effectively grain model parameters are provided.
In current mineral grain motor behavior numerical simulation study, the particle parameter more easily surveyed generally takes conventional survey
Amount means obtain, if mineral grain density and granularity can be measured by specific gravity bottle and laser particle size analyzer respectively, and mine
The exposure parameters such as composition granule Poisson's ratio, modulus of shearing, friction factor elastic restitution coefficient are generally rule of thumb remembered with pertinent literature
Record obtains, and is difficult to obtain by Typical physical test method, measure even by complicated approach, the precision of measurement result is also deposited
In very large deviation, and then the accuracy of numerical simulation result is directly affected, section cannot be provided for the setting and optimization of technological parameter
It learns and effectively instructs foundation.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of parameter calibration method, school is carried out to the measurement of existing conventional fossil grain model parameters
Just and optimize.
Summary of the invention
Mineral grain model parameter standard is obtained by previous experiences and existing Typical physical test method according to set forth above
The technical problems such as exactness low, manpower and material resources consumption big, narrow application range, low efficiency, and a kind of mine based on distinct element method is provided
Composition granule model parameter scaling method.The present invention mainly drafts method building based on discrete element by physical test measurement and tentatively
It is two-way to measure progress physical modeling and numerical simulation using constitutive model combination stocking angle for the mineral grain model parameter constitutive model of method
Test carries out orthogonal numerical test by independent variable of mineral grain model parameter, with stocking angle on the basis of preliminary identification result
Measured value is that evaluation index carries out regression analysis, and is measured as target value with stocking angle physical test, establishes regression model, determines
The combination of mineral grain Model Parameter Optimization verifies established optimum organization again by numerical experimentation, it is final determine based on from
Dissipate the mineral grain model parameter of member method.
The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method, which is characterized in that the scaling method includes
Following steps:
S1, mineral grain model parameter constitutive model: the material of mineral grain needed for the model is constructed based on distinct element method
Parameter includes the mineral grain density and grain size parameter of test measurement, and mineral grain Poisson's ratio, the modulus of shearing, bullet drafted
Property recovery coefficient, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient；
S2, stocking angle measurement test just sentence constitutive model reliability: being measured using constitutive model combination stocking angle and carry out object
Reason test and numerical value simulated dual select known calibration material that solid is made and contain appearance to test, the stocking angle measurement test
Device falls completion accumulation to mineral grain from the certain altitude of top；Stocking angle is measured, physical test and numerical simulation examination are compared
The goodness of fit of result is tested, tentatively judges constitutive model reliability；
Processing and analysis before S3, main material parameter calibration: using the above-mentioned stocking angle measured as evaluation index, mine is chosen
Four Poisson's ratio of composition granule, the elastic restitution coefficient of particle and Interaction between particles, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient shadows
Ringing the factor is independent variable, and each independent variable at least chooses three numerical value and carries out orthogonal numerical test, to orthogonal result regression analysis
After judge to influence significant parameter of materials to evaluation index:
The optimization of S4, main material parameter are established: using the physical test measured value of stocking angle measurement test as target value, knot
What analysis obtained in conjunction step S3 influences significant parameter of materials to stocking angle, is chosen in numerical experimentation most by optimization algorithm
Excellent scheme establishes regression model, obtains optimal model parameter；
S5, it determines mineral grain model parameter: numerical simulation being carried out to optimal model parameter obtained in step S4 and is tested
Card, measures its stocking angle compared with the physical test measured value in step S4, requires to can determine if meeting simulation precision
Mineral grain model parameter, calibration are completed.
Further, it in step S1, is measured after needing the mineral grain measured to be sampled processing test,
In, the mineral grain density parameter is measured using specific gravity bottle, and size distribution is measured by laser particle size analyzer.
Further, it in step S2, in the stocking angle measurement test, is contacted between particle and particle in banking process,
And the contact model of particle and solid container containing is Hertz-Mindlin No Slip model；Wherein, physical test
Stocking angle or numerical experiments stocking angle measurement be the accumulation angular measurement to the mineral grain two sides after accumulation after
The average value taken.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1, the present invention is based on discrete metatheory and methods, establish constitutive model and accumulate behavior progress numerical value to mineral grain group
Simulation optimizes mineral grain model parameter for correction and evaluation index with the stocking angle simply easily surveyed, overcomes existing
Conventional fossil grain model parameters measure test operation complexity, the measurement problem that difficulty is big, measurement accuracy is low.
2, orthogonal test method of the present invention surveys parameter of materials as independent variable using mineral grain difficulty, passes through discrete element
Software carries out orthogonal numerical test to mineral grain accumulation behavior, and test work load is relatively fewer, and calculating speed is fast and numerical value tries
Test result credibility height, overcome artificial physics test brought by human and material resources expend that big, measurement result stability is poor
The problems such as.
3, the present invention solves existing mineral grain numerical simulator parameter and is difficult to the critical issue demarcated, for mineral plus
Work numerical simulation study provides reliable grain model parameters.
To sum up, technical solution of the present invention solves existing mineral grain model parameter and obtains that difficulty is big, measurement accuracy is low
The problem of, effective technological means is provided for the determination of mineral grain numerical experiments parameter.Applying the technical scheme of the present invention can
It is high, applied widely, high-efficient etc. with accuracy simply, fast and accurately to be demarcated to mineral grain model parameter
Advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the schematic diagrams of the mineral grain model parameter scaling method of distinct element method.
Fig. 2 is sample ore density and dynamics test flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 3 is that sample ore dynamics distinguishes testing result figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is physics of the present invention-numerical experiments comparative examples figure, wherein (a) is physical test figure, (b) is numerical value
Simulation test.
Fig. 5 is the physical results exemplary diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of a part of the invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
The model that the present invention protects all should belong in member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work
It encloses.
It should be noted that description and claims of this specification and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way
Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to the embodiment of the present invention described herein can in addition to illustrating herein or
Sequence other than those of description is implemented.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover
Cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment for containing a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to
Step or unit those of is clearly listed, but may include be not clearly listed or for these process, methods, product
Or other step or units that equipment is intrinsic.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method, by with
Lower technological means carries out:
One, test measurement mineral grain density, grain size parameter are drafted mineral grain Poisson's ratio, modulus of shearing, elasticity and are restored
Coefficient, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient parameter construct the mineral grain model parameter constitutive model based on distinct element method, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, physical test select sample ore be Anshan type iron mine tailing, the tailing be gravity treatment-magnetic separation-yin from
The synthesis tailing of sub- reverse flotation flowsheet, curtailed sampling, produces test sample after drying.
(1) density parameter of pycnometric determination mineral grain is used, wherein density measurement test carries out 8 times altogether, measurement
Data are respectively 2614,2576,2409,2503,2464,2582,2496,2555 (units: kg/m3), give up peak 2614
It is averaged with after minimum 2409, obtaining mineral grain density is 2529kg/m3；
(2) mineral grain size distribution is measured using laser particle analyzer, granularity distribution result is as shown in figure 3, intermediate value grain
Spend D50(particle volume cumulative point corresponding particle diameter when being 50%) is 41.5 μm.
(3) material of solid container containing is chosen to be glass, consults pertinent literature, is joined according to similar mineral grain physical property
Number tentatively drafts mineral grain Poisson's ratio γ1=0.3, solid material Poisson's ratio γ2=0.33, particle shear modulus G1=
1.0×107Pa, solid shear modulus G2=2.8 × 1010Pa, particle and particle act on elastic restitution coefficient e1=0.3, particle
Elastic restitution coefficient e is acted on solid3=0.2, the confficient of static friction μ between particle and particle1=0.8, particle and solid
Confficient of static friction μ between material2=0.3, the dynamic friction coefficient μ between particle and particle3=0.1, particle and solid material
Between dynamic friction coefficient μ4=0.01, synchronization settings solid density of material is 2460kg/m3, particle and particle, particle with it is several
The contact model of what body is Hertz-Mindlin No Slip model.In Hertz-Mindlin No Slip model,
Grain by including: to power calculation formula
Ft=-Stδt
Wherein FnFor normal force, FtFor tangential force,For normal direction damping force,For tangential damping force, E*For equivalent Young
Modulus, R*Equivalent redius, δ are normal direction lap, SnFor normal stiffness, StFor shear stiffness, δtFor tangential lap, m*It is equivalent
Quality,For relative velocity normal direction component,For relative velocity tangential component, and have:
Wherein G is particle modulus of shearing, mi, Ei, vi, Ri, mj, Ej, vj, RjTwo spheric granules respectively to contact with each other
Quality, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, particle radius；Meanwhile tangential force FtBy Coulomb friction power μsFnIt limits, wherein μsIt rubs to be quiet
Wipe coefficient；Sliding contact power is τi,
τi=-μrFnRiωi
Wherein μrFor the coefficient of sliding friction, RiFor mass center to the distance of contact action point, ωiFor unit angular velocity vector.
Two, test is measured using constitutive model combination stocking angle and carry out physical modeling and numerical simulation bidirectional experimental, and to mineral
Particle packing angle test result is handled and is analyzed.
(1) mineral grain accumulation is tested and is measured using experimental rig as shown in Figure 4, wherein experimental rig is
Conical glass funnel configures flat bulk material accommodating case, and sample ore dosage is full funnel volume, and funnel opening diameter is
90mm, funnel taper height are 70mm, and funnel drainage conduit interior diameter is 8mm, and accumulation sample ore container containing is flat transparent scattered
Body material glass accommodating case, the material accommodating case be upper end opening formula rectangular parallelepiped structure, accommodation space length × width × height be 200 ×
10 × 100mm takes accumulation body morphic digital code using high-speed camera when all accumulation forms stable accumulation body to taken sample ore
Image.
(2) using the discrete meta software of constitutive model application DEM of above-mentioned determination to the dress with identical geometrical structure parameter
It sets and carries out particle packing numerical experiments, wherein consider particle size distribution feature and computer computational efficiency, it will be by testing
41.5 μm of mineral grain diameter amplifications are measured, set a diameter of 1mm for simulation calculation, computational domain size of mesh opening is 2mm, repeatedly
It is Euler method for method, time step is 1.0 × 10-5(time step is related to grain diameter, takes 1.0 × 10 by s-5When s, this
Time step is the 18.6343% of Rayleigh time step, meets the meter that set time step-length is generally below Rayleigh time step 40%
With reference to), simulation total time is that (simulation total time selection gist actual tests obtain 8s, which meets all particles and fall
It falls on after accumulation body and accumulation body is in stable condition, be no longer changed).
(3) morphogenetic stocking angle is accumulated to physical test using angle measurement software to be measured, measure high-speed camera
The mineral grain two sides stocking angle of system photographs is simultaneously averaged.Using the discrete meta software of DEM carry angle measurement tool with
Same measuring method measurement numerical experiments accumulate angle value, and compare to physical test and computational results, wherein
Physical test stocking angle measured value is 42.72 °, and numerical experiments stocking angle measured value is 42.41 °, relative to physical test,
Numerical experiments error is 0.73%, and simulation precision is higher, this structure numerical model is reliable.
Three, orthogonal numerical test is carried out by independent variable of mineral grain model main material parameter；
(1) to demarcate to mineral grain model major parameter, therefore mineral grain nature parameters logarithm mould is investigated
The influence of quasi- result, selects mineral grain Poisson's ratio, elastic restitution coefficient, the static friction system of particle and Interaction between particles herein
Four number, dynamic friction coefficient impact factors are independent variable, and each independent variable takes basic, normal, high three horizontal values, low middle three high
Level is that according to available data there is the parameter of similarity particle to take, because variable grain property is different, therefore according to existing
Reference has selected middle height three horizontal progress regression analyses (such as in order to which the precision for improving selection can also be each level
Between difference reduce, carry out more multiple groups orthogonal test).Wherein numerical experimentation impact factor and level are as shown in table 1.
(2) application test design software Design expert designs orthogonal numerical test, and concrete scheme is four factors, three water
Flat orthogonal test carries out 9 numerical experimentations, i.e. L9 (3 altogether4), orthogonal numerical test combinations and stocking angle response such as 2 institute of table
Show.
The 1 numerical experimentation factor of table and level
2 orthogonal numerical of table tests table
(2) orthogonal numerical is tested in view of 2 rank reciprocal effects and carries out regression analysis, investigated by evaluation index of stocking angle
Four Poisson's ratio (A), elastic restitution coefficient (B), confficient of static friction (C), dynamic friction coefficient (D) factors are to response stocking angle
Influence degree, each Effects of Factors situation is as shown in table 3, as shown in Table 3, influence of the confficient of static friction (C) to evaluation index
Minimum, influence of the dynamic friction coefficient (D) to evaluation index are the most significant.Therefore, with Poisson's ratio (A), elastic restitution coefficient (B),
Dynamic friction coefficient (D) is that built-up pattern carries out regression analysis, and wherein Regression Analysis Result is as shown in table 4, as shown in Table 4, variance
Source Poisson's ratio (A), elastic restitution coefficient (B), dynamic friction coefficient (D) P value be below 0.05, show this built-up pattern to commenting
Valence index stocking angle influences extremely significant.
3 impact factor regression analysis of table
4 built-up pattern regression analysis of table
Four, using stocking angle physical test measured value as target value, optimum organization regression model is established；
(1) using stocking angle physical test measured value as target value, 6 stocking angle physics measurement tests, measurement result are carried out
Respectively as shown in Fig. 5, table 5, by measurement result it is found that stocking angle physical test final tested volume is 42.21 °.
(2) it is optimization numerical experimentation model, is calculated by the optimized numerical solution in Design expert, is tried in numerical value to be selected
It tests in set (i.e. numerical simulation orthogonal test table table 2) and selects best numerical experimentation scheme, optimum organization regression model pushes away
It is as shown in table 6 to recommend testing program.
Five, numerical experiments verifying is carried out to the optimal model parameter that optimum organization regression model is recommended, i.e., it will tool
The mineral grain of Poisson's ratio, elastic restitution coefficient, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient after having optimization carries out numerical value again
Simulation test is measured its stocking angle after analog simulation accumulation, and value is 42.27 °, with physical test measured value
42.21 ° of error amount is only 0.14%, meets simulation precision requirement, i.e. the test is preferred with mineral grain model parameter
For listed parameter in table 6, the mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method is established.
5 physical test evaluation index measured value of table
6 optimum organization regression model of table
In the above embodiment of the invention, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, does not have in some embodiment
The part of detailed description, reference can be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method, which is characterized in that the scaling method includes such as
Lower step:
S1, mineral grain model parameter constitutive model: the parameter of materials of mineral grain needed for the model is constructed based on distinct element method
Mineral grain density and grain size parameter including test measurement, and mineral grain Poisson's ratio, modulus of shearing, the elasticity drafted are extensive
Complex coefficient, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient；
S2, stocking angle measurement test just sentence constitutive model reliability: being measured using constitutive model combination stocking angle and carry out physics examination
It tests with numerical value simulated dual to test, the stocking angle measurement test selects known calibration material that solid container containing is made, to
Mineral grain falls completion accumulation from the certain altitude of top；Stocking angle is measured, physical test and numerical experiments knot are compared
The goodness of fit of fruit tentatively judges constitutive model reliability；
Processing and analysis before S3, main material parameter calibration: using the above-mentioned stocking angle measured as evaluation index, mineral are chosen
The Poisson's ratio of grain, the elastic restitution coefficient of particle and Interaction between particles, confficient of static friction and dynamic friction coefficient four influence because
Son is independent variable, and each independent variable at least chooses the progress orthogonal numerical tests of three numerical value, to sentencing after orthogonal result regression analysis
It is disconnected that significant parameter of materials is influenced on evaluation index:
The optimization of S4, main material parameter are established: using the physical test measured value of stocking angle measurement test as target value, in conjunction with step
What analysis obtained in rapid S3 influences significant parameter of materials to stocking angle, chooses the optimal side in numerical experimentation by optimization algorithm
Case establishes regression model, obtains optimal model parameter；
S5, it determines mineral grain model parameter: Simulation being carried out to optimal model parameter obtained in step S4, is surveyed
Its fixed stocking angle requires to can determine mineral compared with the physical test measured value in step S4 if meeting simulation precision
Grain model parameter, calibration are completed.
2. the mineral grain model parameter scaling method according to claim 1 based on distinct element method, which is characterized in that step
It in rapid S1, is measured after needing the mineral grain measured to be sampled processing test, wherein the mineral grain density ginseng
Number is measured using specific gravity bottle, and size distribution is measured by laser particle size analyzer.
3. the mineral grain model parameter scaling method according to claim 1 based on distinct element method, which is characterized in that step
In rapid S2, in the stocking angle measurement test, is contacted between particle and particle in banking process and particle is contained with solid
The contact model of container is Hertz-Mindlin No Slip model；Wherein, the stocking angle of physical test or numerical simulation examination
The measurement for the stocking angle tested is the average value taken after accumulation angular measurement to the mineral grain two sides after accumulation.
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