CN106557613A - A kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method - Google Patents
A kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method, carries out physical parameter sample to material, the physical parameter of material is obtained；With physical parameter rating test result Calibration Simulation parameter, on the premise of ensureing that simulation result is consistent with result of the test, optimization Simulation parameter；Rake teeth local experimental model is emulated and contrast experiment is carried out；Rake teeth complete model emulation is carried out, simplifies zoning, simulated under the rake teeth effect of different structure and arrangement, the kinestate and rake teeth stressing conditions of material are chosen optimal case, complete harrow tooth structure and layout design.This method adopts EDEM softwares, and emulation mode is combined with experiment, on the premise of computational accuracy is taken into account, computation efficiency is greatly improved, harrow tooth structure and layout design can be effectively instructed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the rake teeth design field of the drying of shot coal, pyrolysis and Quench apparatus for rotating, and in particular to a kind of
Rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method.
Background technology
In recent years, low-order coal process for upgrading technology (LCC) is extensively paid attention to by social, domestic many mechanisms all carry out it is low
The exploitation of rank coal process for upgrading and key equipment.Certain enterprise has built 300,000 tons/year of low-order coal upgrading industrialization demonstration
Device, key equipment include drying oven, pyrolysis oven and Quench disk, and operating performance of plant is good.By rational rake teeth design (rake
Toothing and arrangement), multiple passages are formed on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, each interchannel is realized connecting by rake teeth, when coal is through rake teeth radially
Position changes, i.e., into next passage, after the effect of multiple rake teeths, finally realize coal from stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire outer passage (import)
Move to stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire inner channel (outlet).
In drying oven, coal is moved along spiral routes on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, and is carried out by the air flow contacts in stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire bottom gap
It is dried, the perfect condition of coal motion refers to that coal is first passed around and harrows the formation Wave crest and wave trough form into after rake teeth, then will by rake teeth of raking
The coal of crest is blown into trough, and coal thickness on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire is uniform, without groove.To reach above-mentioned requirements, appropriate design rake teeth (structure is answered
And arrangement), prevent coal from occurring circumferential grooves, returning charge and crossing channel phenomenon in dry run, it is short-circuit, dry so as to produce steam
The dry time is insufficient, affects drying effect.For the kinestate of coal, pyrolysis oven and Quench disk are similar with drying oven.
Associated mechanisms lack and harrow tooth structure in low-order coal process for upgrading technology (LCC) device and arrangement are ground both at home and abroad
Study carefully.The design of rake teeth is complex, and influence factor is more, and the quantity of rake teeth, spacing, length, angle, stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire rotating speed etc. can affect
The kinestate of coal.In current 300,000 tons/year of low-order coal device for improving quality, rake teeth design is by building 5:1 block mold is carried out
Experiment is obtained, but as amplified criterion is unclear, experimental data has certain risk in being applied to commercial plant.When industry rule
Mould expands 1,000,000 tons/year to from 300,000 tons/year, in device more than critical device dimensions increase twice, if rake teeth is still by diminution
Experimental model method is designed, then there is larger risk；If pressing 1:The method design rake teeth of 1 block mold experiment, experiment
Although data may be directly applied to rake teeth design, but need a whole set of device for transporting objects, and experimental cost is too high.Therefore need one kind
Economic, efficient method for designing carries out rake teeth design.
Discrete-parcel method (DEM) is as an instrument for being used to describe bulk granular material motion, extensive in the nearest more than ten years
Many fields are applied to, such as mining, chemical industry, agricultural and medicinal industry etc..The method is related to setting for bulk granular material operation in many
Reliable instrument is had proven to all in standby and technical process.
The coal amount that processed due to the LCC devices (device diameters are more than 20m) of 1,000,000 tons of annual scales is big, coal physical property is multiple
Miscellaneous (the complex-shaped various, particle diameter distribution of coal cinder is wide).Rake teeth design needs to be accurately positioned coal in the kinestate after rake teeth,
And DEM precision in laboratory scale simulation calculation is higher at present, and plant-scale result of calculation is tied with actual motion
The analysis document of fruit contrast is less, and computational accuracy is difficult to ensure that；Meanwhile, the design of rake teeth needs to adjust harrow tooth structure and arrangement ginseng
Substantial amounts of double counting after number, under conditions of computing resource is limited, when amounts of particles reaches more than million grades of scale, granule
Various shapes, particle diameter distribution are wide, and when geometric model is huge, single simulation example is time-consuming to reach the several months, and computational efficiency is just difficult to
Meet the actual requirement of engineering.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method, is caused with solving the above problems
Computational accuracy is poor, the difficulty that computational efficiency is low to instruct rake teeth design to face using DEM.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method of the present invention is joined with physical property
The result of number experiment is foundation, Calibration Simulation parameter, under the premise of ensureing that simulation result is accurate, optimization discrete element emulation ginseng
Number, the result then tested with partial model, the accuracy and computational efficiency of the discrete element software emulation parameter after checking optimization,
On here basis, simplified zoning, then the emulation of complete model is carried out, it is final to instruct the design for completing rake teeth.The side
Method is comprised the following steps：
1) physical parameter test is carried out to the bulk granular material of rake teeth effect, obtains the physical parameter of material；
2) set up in the discrete meta software (EDEM) and emulated with physical parameter test identical model, contrast simulation and
Result of the test, calibrates discrete element software emulation |input paramete；
3) on the premise of ensureing that simulation result is consistent with result of the test, optimization Simulation parameter, including reduce material particles
Modulus of shearing, amplify material particles moulded dimension；
4) calculating of rake teeth partial model is carried out using the simulation parameter after optimization, while setting up 1:The rake teeth office of 1 size
Portion's experimental model, carries out Experimental comparison's research, analyze simulation result and bulk granular material granule in experimental result kinestate and
The stressing conditions of rake teeth, verify whether the accuracy of simulation calculation meets engine request；
If 5) be unsatisfactory for engine request, repeat step 3) and 4), until rake teeth partial model simulation calculation
Accurate sexual satisfaction engine request；
6) rake teeth complete model calculating is carried out using the simulation parameter after checking in discrete meta software, simplifies and calculate area
Domain, simulates under different harrow tooth structures and deployment scenarios, and the stressing conditions of the kinestate and rake teeth of material choose optimum
Harrow tooth structure and layout design scheme, complete design.
Preferably, step 1) in physical parameter test particular content include the particle diameter distribution of material, typical shape, regarding phase
To density, angle of repose and material and the measure of the angle of friction of wall.
Preferably, step 2) in test identical model with physical parameter and specifically include granular model and the test of material
The geometric model of device, wherein granular model typically spherical are filled by 3～6.
Preferably, step 2) in discrete element software emulation |input paramete include the modulus of shearing of material, wall surface material is cut
Shear modulu, confficient of static friction, coefficient of rolling friction and collision recovery coefficient between material and material, and material and wall surface material
Between confficient of static friction, coefficient of rolling friction and collision recovery coefficient.
Preferably, step 4) in the kinestate of material specifically include the movement locus of material, move distance, piling height
And appearance profile；The stressing conditions of the rake teeth refer to rake teeth promote material movement when, rake teeth be subject to material counteracting force and
Torque.
Preferably, step 4) described in rake teeth local experimental model include the rake on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire and stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire with arc card
Tooth.
Preferably, step 4) described in arc card radian be 90～120 degree.
Preferably, step 5) in accuracy refer to emulation and test in material kinestate and the stressing conditions of rake teeth
Consistent degree, by contrast material motor process in circumferential grooves width, material radial motion distance, solid accumulation height
The method of parameter according to requirement of engineering, is controlled in the accuracy rating more than 80% realizing.
Preferably, step 6) rake teeth complete model include stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, the rake teeth on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire and continuous feed and discharging dress
Put.
Preferably, step 6) simplify zoning include arrange periodic boundary condition, refer specifically to when material is on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire
Rake teeth effect is not affected by, during with stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire geo-stationary, the zoning of this part is arranged to into periodic boundary condition and is not counted
Calculate, computational efficiency is improved with this.
Preferably, step 6) in harrow tooth structure and layout design specifically include quantity, spacing, length and the angle of rake teeth
Design.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The present invention has considered the pluses and minuses of discrete element simulation calculation and experimental model,
By adopting 1：1 partial model tests the contrast with physical parameter result of the test, verifies the accurate of analog result, here basis
On, optimization Simulation parameter, compared with not optimized model, computational efficiency improves about 7 times, when substantially reducing simulation calculation
Between, while simulation result reaches more than 80% with experimental result consistent degree, meet engine request.By the emulation of block mold
Calculate, analyze the stressing conditions of the kinestate and rake teeth of material, finally instruct and complete the design of harrow tooth structure and arrangement, make
Track operation of the material by design, piling height are uniform, without circumferential recess, backflow, clogging, design side of the invention do not occur
Method is time saving and energy saving, precise and high efficiency, effectively reduction experiment and cost of investment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for designing flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the phantom of material particles in the embodiment of the present invention；
Stocking angle test schematic diagrams of the Fig. 3 for one of physical parameter test in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows for test
It is intended to, is (b) simulation schematic diagram；
Gradient method test schematic diagrams of the Fig. 4 for one of physical parameter test in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows for test
It is intended to, is (b) simulation schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is rake teeth partial model schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is low-order coal operation schematic diagram；
Wherein, (a) it is low-order coal schematic diagram in test；B () is granule schematic diagram in emulation；
Fig. 7 is coal seam cross-sectional profiles schematic diagram under steady statue；
Fig. 8 is rake teeth complete model schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is rake teeth design result schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1 stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire；2 harrow into rake teeth group；3 rake rake teeth group；4 discharging openings；5 feed pipes.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in be applied to low-order coal device for improving quality as a example by the design of drying oven rake teeth, the tool to the present invention
Body embodiment is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, first with physical parameter test as foundation, demarcating EDEM simulation parameters, ensureing that simulation result is accurate
On the premise of really, optimization Simulation parameter, then with partial model experimental result as foundation, the standard of the simulation parameter after checking optimization
Really property and computational efficiency, on here basis, then carry out the emulation of complete model, instruct the design of harrow tooth structure, specifically include
Following steps：
Physical parameter test is carried out to low-order coal, including to particle diameter distribution, typical shape, apparent relative density, angle of repose with
And the measure of the angle of friction of material and wall.
Particle diameter distribution result is as follows：
Typical shape is as follows：
Apparent relative density：1026kg/m3；Angle of repose：32.6°；The angle of friction of coal and steel plate：29.9°.
Set up in EDEM simultaneously and emulated with physical parameter test identical model, the knot of contrast simulation and test
Really, demarcate the simulation parameter of EDEM.
The typical model of coal particle is set up in EDEM, as shown in Fig. 2 typical shape is divided into into 3 classes, as shown in Fig. 2 tool
Body includes block (4 ball particles shown in (a) of Fig. 2 are filled), lamellar ((6 ball particles shown in (b) of Fig. 2 are filled) and strip
((filling of 4 ball particles shown in (with) of Fig. 2), wherein a diameter of 25mm of single ball particle, the centre of sphere is away from 12.5mm.
Granule factory is set up in EDEM, setting particle size distribution is 50～25mm, tri- kinds of 25～13mm, 13～6mm
Particle diameter section, every kind of particle diameter section proportion are determined according to screen experiments.Full-size and minimum dimension in every kind of granule section is set,
Particle diameter section endoparticle size random distribution.Setting up in EDEM and identical model being tested with physical parameter, model specifically includes thing
The geometric model of the granular model and experimental provision of material.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, be divided into side wall cave in method test and gradient method test
Schematic diagram, wherein (a) is to test schematic diagram, it is (b) simulation schematic diagram.Demarcation obtains simulation parameter：It is quiet between material and material
Coefficient of friction 0.5, coefficient of rolling friction 0.06 and collision recovery coefficient 0.2, and the static friction between material and wall surface material
Coefficient 0.75, coefficient of rolling friction 0.3 and collision recovery coefficient 0.3.
On the basis of the simulation parameter demarcated is constant, it is ensured that the angle of repose that the side wall method of caving in is measured is measured with gradient method
Inclination angle simulation result keep error within 5% with experiment in the case of, by the modulus of shearing of coal particle by 108Pa drops
To 106, to full-sized 1.5 times, optimization Simulation parameter significantly shortens the simulation calculation time for pa, amplification coal particle size.
Rake teeth partial model is illustrated in figure 5, is made up of stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire 1 and rake teeth, the rake teeth is by harrowing into rake teeth group 2 and rake
Rake teeth 3 is constituted, stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire 1 unconventional circular card, but for tool arc card (preferred radian is 90～120 degree), this reality
It it is 90 degree in applying example, only stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire is 1/4 size of whole disk, and remaining structure and size are identical with whole disk model.The stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire center of circle is
Material mouth 4, sets up the partial 3 d model (device diameters 20m) of rake teeth in SolidWorks, the model is imported in EDEM, is adopted
Calculated with the simulation parameter after optimization, while setting up the local experimental model of rake teeth, (cost is about full experiment model
50%) Experimental comparison's research, is carried out, the kinestate and the stress feelings of rake teeth of simulation result and low-order coal in experimental result is analyzed
Condition, verifies whether the efficiency and accuracy of simulation calculation meet engine request.
The kinestate of low-order coal specifically includes movement locus, move distance, piling height and the appearance profile of low-order coal.
As shown in fig. 6, (a) is the low-order coal schematic diagram in experiment, the granule schematic diagram in (b) emulating.As shown in fig. 7, for when stablizing
Coal seam cross-sectional profiles schematic diagram.Kinestate (is tested)：By wrapping tinfoil to typical coal cinder in the experimental provision of local, and
Internally the coal cinder of labelling is placed coal seam diverse location by marking serial numbers, measures its initial position (coordinate), stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire rotation, Jing
Its final position (coordinate) is measured after crossing rake teeth effect, the move distance of labelling coal cinder is obtained, photography is set above stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire
Machine records the movement locus of labelling coal cinder, and the movement locus of labelling coal cinder are obtained；The piling height and appearance profile of coal be by
Substantial amounts of point coordinates is taken according to outer surface of the certain rule in coal, and is drawn in CAD software and is obtained.
Kinestate (is emulated)：The position of marking particle, can directly monitor start-stop coordinate, distance and the rail of granule in EDEM
Mark；Under final states, multiple sections perpendicular to card and through the stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire center of circle are taken, form of the coal on each section is intercepted,
Measurement piling height and appearance profile.When the stressing conditions of rake teeth refer to that rake teeth promotes low-order coal to move, rake teeth is subject to low-order coal
Counteracting force and torque.
Rake teeth stress (is tested)：The position that experiment rake teeth is installed in local arranges force cell, and real-time by screen
Pressure value is read, torque is calculated.
Rake teeth stress (is emulated)：The pressure in rake teeth face is directly monitored in EDEM, torque is then calculated.
The engine request：The accuracy of simulation calculation refers to the result pair that the result that simulation calculation is obtained is obtained with experiment
Than consistent degree is more than 90%；The efficiency of simulation calculation refers to that single example is taken at 2 days or so, and block mold calculates consumption
When about 10 days or so, project demands can be met.
If being unsatisfactory for engine request, repeat the optimization of discrete element software emulation parameter, until rake teeth localized mode
The efficiency of type simulation calculation and accurate sexual satisfaction engine request；
If partial model is calculated meets engine request, the complete three-dimensional model of rake teeth is set up in SolidWorks.
The threedimensional model is imported into EDEM, simplifies zoning, then calculated using the simulation parameter after checking.
Simplify zoning refer specifically to arrange periodic boundary condition, due to the coal in non-rake teeth region it is relative with stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire quiet
Only, take rake teeth region nearby 90 ° as zoning, see Fig. 8, border A, the B on both sides as periodic boundary, from A sides
The coal of boundary's output directly enters stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire from B borders, calculates to take after simplifying zoning and can reduce 60% or so.
Block mold is emulated, feed pipe 5 is set to into particle entrance, is set in simulation parameter and partial model emulation
Put identical, calculate coal and stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire 1 is entered from feed pipe 5, through harrowing the effect into rake teeth group 2 and rake teeth group 3 of raking, from discharging opening 4
The continuous process of discharge, by design parameters such as the quantity of adjustment rake teeth, spacing, length, angles, makes coal that work is reached on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire
Kinestate desired by journey, the data for finally giving are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 9.
Kinestate desired by engineering：In the presence of rake teeth, material fully enters next circle passage from a circle passage,
Material is moved by the desired track of engineering design, and material bed thickness held stationary, without circumferential recess, backflow and clogging
Occur.
The EDEM refers to discrete meta software.The SolidWorks is 3 d modeling software.
Table 1
Wherein, in upper table, R1-R6 is respectively to harrow into six that rake teeth group 2 is included and harrows into rake teeth, and P1-P3 is rake teeth of raking
Three rake teeths of raking that group 3 is included.
The radial distance refers to road harrow tooth ends to the distance at stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire center.The spacing refers to the rake teeth to next rake
The vertical dimension of tooth.
A specific embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, but the present invention does not limit to this embodiment, according to this
Any equivalent that bright technical scheme or design are made and improve etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method, it is characterised in that the method comprising the steps of：
1) physical parameter test is carried out to the bulk granular material of rake teeth effect, obtains the physical parameter of material；
2) set up in discrete meta software identical model is tested with physical parameter and emulated, contrast simulation and result of the test,
Calibrate discrete element software emulation |input paramete；
3) on the premise of ensureing that simulation result is consistent with result of the test, optimization Simulation parameter, including reduce cutting for material particles
Shear modulu, amplification material particles moulded dimension；
4) calculating of rake teeth partial model is carried out using the simulation parameter after optimization, while setting up 1:The rake teeth local of 1 size is real
Model is tested, Experimental comparison's research is carried out, the kinestate and rake teeth of simulation result and bulk granular material granule in experimental result is analyzed
Stressing conditions, verify simulation calculation accuracy whether meet engine request；
If 5) be unsatisfactory for engine request, repeat step 3) and 4), until rake teeth partial model simulation calculation is accurate
Sexual satisfaction engine request；
6) rake teeth complete model calculating is carried out using the simulation parameter after checking in discrete meta software, simplifies zoning, mould
Intend under different harrow tooth structures and deployment scenarios, the stressing conditions of the kinestate and rake teeth of material choose optimum rake teeth
Construction and arrangement design, complete design.
2. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1) in thing
Property parameter experiment particular content includes particle diameter distribution, typical shape, apparent relative density, angle of repose and the material and wall of material
Angle of friction measure.
3. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2) in
Physical parameter test identical model specifically includes the geometric model of the granular model and assay device of material.
4. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to any one of right 1-3, it is characterised in that：Step
2) in discrete element software emulation |input paramete include the modulus of shearing of material, the modulus of shearing of wall surface material, material and material it
Between confficient of static friction, confficient of static friction between recovery coefficient, and material and wall surface material of coefficient of rolling friction and collision, rolling
The coefficient of kinetic friction and collision recovery coefficient.
5. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4) in material
Kinestate specifically include movement locus, move distance, piling height and the appearance profile of material；The stress feelings of the rake teeth
When condition refers to that rake teeth promotes material movement, rake teeth is subject to the counteracting force and torque of material.
6. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1 or 5, it is characterised in that：Step 4) in
Rake teeth local experimental model includes the rake teeth on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire and stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire with arc card.
7. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 6, it is characterised in that：Step 4) described in
The radian of arc card is 90～120 degree.
8. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5) in standard
The consistent degree of the stressing conditions of the kinestate and rake teeth of material during really property refers to emulation and tests, by contrasting material movement
During circumferential grooves width, material radial motion distance, the method for solid accumulation height parameter realizing, according to engineering need
Will, control in the accuracy rating more than 80%.
9. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6) rake teeth is complete
Integral mould includes stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire, the rake teeth on stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire and continuous feed and drawing mechanism.
10. a kind of rake teeth method for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1 or 9, it is characterised in that：Step 6) letter
Changing zoning includes arranging periodic boundary condition, refers specifically to rake teeth effect is not affected by stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire when material, with stone or metal plate for standing a stove on as a precaution against fire phase
To it is static when, the zoning of this part is arranged to into periodic boundary condition and is not calculated, computational efficiency is improved with this.
A kind of 11. rake teeth methods for designing based on discrete element method according to right 1, it is characterised in that：Step 6) middle rake
Toothing and layout design specifically include the design of quantity, spacing, length and the angle of rake teeth.
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| CN109612885A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of mineral grain model parameter scaling method based on distinct element method |
| CN111199123A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-26 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Simulation optimization method for high-concentration full-tailing thickening process |
| CN112613085A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-06 | 洛阳智能农业装备研究院有限公司 | Grain material discrete element simulation model construction method |
| CN114239327A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-03-25 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | Single-screw feeding optimization method and system based on discrete element method |
| CN114427962A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-03 | 中交天津航道局有限公司 | Experimental method for testing mutual interference effect between multiple rake teeth underwater cutting teeth |
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