CN109612355A - A kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109612355A CN109612355A CN201811526987.5A CN201811526987A CN109612355A CN 109612355 A CN109612355 A CN 109612355A CN 201811526987 A CN201811526987 A CN 201811526987A CN 109612355 A CN109612355 A CN 109612355A
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- water bag
- stemming
- tunnel excavation
- construction method
- blasting construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction methods, the following steps are included: drilling on tunnel contour line periphery, as borehole, then the removable binding energy tube equipped with water bag, explosive and stemming is filled in the borehole for the number of boring, trigger ignites the explosive in the binding energy tube.Using cumulative water bag blasting procedure, blasting efficiency is substantially increased, fried material cost is saved, effectively improves excavation environment, achieve preferable application effect, there is preferable be widely applied to be worth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blasting technique fields, in particular to a kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method.
Background technique
Highway belongs to high-grade highway.Chinese transportation portion " highway technical standard " regulation, highway refer to " energy
Adapt to annual round the clock the minibus volume of traffic be 25000 or more, specialize in automobile shunting run at high speed and all control discrepancy
Highway ".Various countries are all to have referred exclusively to 4 lanes or more, two to separating traveling, completely control although different to the name of highway
Produce entrance, all using the highway of crossings on different level.In addition, thering are many countries to control entrance to part, being not all using vertical
The through main line that body intersects is also referred to as highway.
With the development of Urban Construction in China, to promote each department connection and development, China's highway to increase in recent years
Rapidly, second place of the world has been leapt at present.When encountering massif, need to carry out cutting tunnel, freeway tunnel III level country rock
The defects of in digging process, dust is excessive, and there are easy out breaks, waste explosive.And existing water flood blasting method, by quick-fried
Injection is a certain amount of in holes
Water, and using emulsion generate gas expansion, push this stable medium of water generated in blast hole
Secondary attack forms water wedge and carries out Rock cutting, generates better fractured rock effect, reduces explosive list to a certain extent
Consumption, reduces explosive cost；Simultaneously because explosion leads to water atomization, water membrane is formed in rock surface, it is quick-fried to play reduction
The effect of broken flue dust.But horizontal blasting hole water filling difficulty is larger, complicated construction technique causes construction efficiency low, and explosion matter
Amount is not easy to guarantee.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method, to solve highway
The excessive problem of dust in tunnel III level country rock digging process, the tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method, using poly-
Energy water bag blasting procedure, substantially increases blasting efficiency, saves fried material cost, effectively improve excavation environment, achieves preferably
Application effect, have and preferable value be widely applied.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
A kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method, comprising the following steps:
It drills on tunnel contour line periphery, as borehole, then by the removable cumulative pipe close equipped with water bag, explosive and stemming
Into in the borehole of the number of boring, trigger ignites the explosive in the binding energy tube.
Tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein is greatly improved using cumulative water bag blasting procedure
Blasting efficiency, saves fried material cost, effectively improves excavation environment, achieve preferable application effect, has preferable
Value is widely applied.
Preferably, the drilling is operated using drilling rod.
Preferably, the drilling rod tilts 1-5 ° longitudinally upward, and longitudinal depth 3.5-4 meters, preferred longitudinal direction depth is 3.5
Rice.
Preferably, it after the drilling operation, is cleared up and is drilled using high pressure blower.
Preferably, the removable binding energy tube is polyethylene material.
Preferably, the filling mode of the water bag, explosive and stemming in the binding energy tube is from borehole bottom to heel
Successively load water bag, explosive, water bag and stemming.
Preferably, when loading the water bag, borehole specified position is gently shifted into tamper.
Preferably, when loading the stemming, in addition to the stemming contacted with the water bag, the stemming of remaining back-filling blinding
It is made firm by ramming with tamper solid.
Preferably, the material of the water bag is polyethylene, it is furthermore preferred that the water bag meets 1-2 recycling, it is more excellent
Choosing, the water bag is standby using water bag encapsulation mechanism, and still more preferably, the working efficiency of the water bag sealing machine is 300-
500/hour.
Preferably, the stemming is prepared by red clay, sand and suitable quantity of water；It is furthermore preferred that the stemming mainly by with
The component of lower mass fraction is prepared:
5-30 parts of red clay, 5-20 parts of sand and 20-30 parts of water.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein is mentioned significantly using cumulative water bag blasting procedure
High blasting efficiency, saves fried material cost, effectively improves excavation environment, achieve preferable application effect, have preferable
Extensive use value.
(2) tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein, contour line is smooth on face after explosion
Neatly, Smooth Blasting Effects are improved, the preferable goodness of fit is showed, avoids and waste concrete because backbreaking, owe to dig needs
Mend big gun and the case where wasting manpower and material resources.
(3) tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein, soot density is obvious after explosion in tunnel
It reduces, effectively improves construction environment in tunnel, play an important role to the illness rate for reducing labor service worker occupational disease.And
And the dosage of explosive is effectively reduced, save explosive cost.Water bag plays the role of certain bradyseism again, and to a certain degree
On reduce the damage in house, building to around tunnel and top village.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is water bag, explosive and stemming layout diagram in binding energy tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but
Be it will be understood to those of skill in the art that it is following described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than it is whole
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to guarantor of the present invention
The range of shield.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same
Or production firm person is not specified in instrument, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation,
It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
A kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method, comprising the following steps:
It drills on tunnel contour line periphery, as borehole, then by the removable cumulative pipe close equipped with water bag, explosive and stemming
Into in the borehole of the number of boring, trigger ignites the explosive in the binding energy tube.
Tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein is greatly improved using cumulative water bag blasting procedure
Blasting efficiency, saves fried material cost, effectively improves excavation environment, achieve preferable application effect, has preferable
Value is widely applied.
Tunnel Blasting driving, it is that the stress wave generated by explosive charge and explosion gas expansion are total that country rock, which can reach broken,
The result of same-action.Explosive in borehole is finished since fire point explosion to explosive charge, and what is propagated in explosive is detonation
Wave, detonation wave are known as hitting wave along the space that borehole is passed in borehole direction, and hit wave and pass in borehole country rock and be known as stress wave, blasthole
Filling water bag Tunnel Blasting method reduces the energy loss for hitting wave most possibly, and explosion gas is prevented to go out from heel.
Tunnel piercing conventional blasting method, that is, borehole non-backfilling, is filled entirely with air because of borehole non-backfilling, once it is fried
Medicine explosion, compressed air have lost the energy for hitting wave significantly, this just correspondingly weakens the stress wave energy propagated in country rock,
The intensity for reducing stress wave is unfavorable for the broken of rock；Simultaneously as borehole non-backfilling, explosion gas is expanded from big gun
Eye mouth is gone out, thus has lost the most energy of expanding gas, to weaken the work of the further fractured rock of expanding gas
With.
Borehole non-backfilling position is changed to use water bag and stemming back-filling blinding, that propagates in water in this way hits wave to water
It is incompressible, explosion energy do not lose by Water transport into borehole country rock, rock crusher is advantageous to, due to spy
The stemming back-filling blinding borehole of system inhibits expanding gas to go out heel, improves explosion energy service efficiency.
Tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein is suitable for III level country rock digging process.III
Grade country rock is divided into: monolithic and the good thick layer structure of Coating combination, the good thin layer of Coating combination and soft or hard rock alternating layers knot
Structure, fragmentation mosaic texture, block structure, saturated uniaxial compressive strength are followed successively by 20-30,30-60, are greater than 60, are greater than 60MPa.
Preferably, the drilling is operated using drilling rod.
Preferably, the drilling rod tilts 1-5 ° longitudinally upward, and longitudinal depth 3.5-4 meters, preferred longitudinal direction depth is 3.5
Rice.
Drilling rod is a kind of steel pipe of the tail portion with a chain for binding criminals line, is set for connecting drilling machine landscape apparatus and boring mill positioned at drilling well bottom end
Standby or bottom outlet device.The purposes of drilling rod is drilling mud to be transported to drill bit, and bottom outlet is improved, reduced or rotated together with drill bit
Device.Drilling rod allows for bearing huge interior external pressure, distortion, bending and vibration.In the exploitation and extractive process of oil gas, bore
Bar can be used for multiple times.Drilling rod is divided into kelly bar, drilling rod and heavy weight drill pipe three classes.Connection order is kelly bar (1)+drilling rod (n
Root is determined by well depth)+heavy weight drill pipe (n root, determined by hole assembly design).
It is 1,2,3,4,5 ° that the tilt angle longitudinally upward of drilling rod is typical but unrestricted, longitudinal depth of drilling rod it is typical but
Unrestricted is 3.5,3.6,3.7,3.8,3.9,4 meters.
Preferably, it after the drilling operation, is cleared up and is drilled using high pressure blower.
After cleaning, facilitates and place removable cumulative pipe close.
Preferably, the removable binding energy tube is polyethylene material.
Polyethylene (polyethylene, abbreviation PE) is a kind of aggregated thermoplastic resin obtained of ethylene.For white wax
Shape trnaslucent materials, it is soft and tough, it is lighter than water, it is nontoxic, there are superior dielectric properties.Easy firing and from burning away after fire.Thoroughly
Water rate is low, then larger to organic steam transmitance.The transparency of polyethylene increases with crystallinity and declines under certain crystallinity,
Transparency increases with molecular weight and is improved.High density polyethylene (HDPE) melting range is 132-135 DEG C, and low density polyethylene (LDPE) fusing point is lower
(112 DEG C) and range is wide.
Preferably, the filling mode of the water bag, explosive and stemming in the binding energy tube is from borehole bottom to heel
Successively load water bag, explosive, water bag and stemming.
Preferably, when loading the water bag, borehole specified position is gently shifted into tamper.
Preferably, when loading the stemming, in addition to the stemming contacted with the water bag, the stemming of remaining back-filling blinding
It is made firm by ramming with tamper solid.
Closed packing between stemming and water bag avoids the energy for reducing explosive.Also, closely connect between water bag and stemming
It connects, avoids firmly clogging, destroy water bag, the stemming without contacting with water bag needs firmly close packed.
Preferably, the material of the water bag is polyethylene, it is furthermore preferred that the water bag meets 1-2 recycling, it is more excellent
Choosing, the water bag is standby using water bag encapsulation mechanism, and still more preferably, the working efficiency of the water bag sealing machine is 300-
500/hour.
Water bag may be reused, and the working efficiency of water bag sealing machine is 300-500/hour, will not drag slow engineering into
Degree.
Preferably, the stemming is prepared by red clay, sand and suitable quantity of water；It is furthermore preferred that the stemming mainly by with
The component of lower mass fraction is prepared:
5-30 parts of red clay, 5-20 parts of sand and 20-30 parts of water.
Stemming is the refractory material for blocking tapping hole, can be divided into hydrous taphole loam and anhydrous stemming two major classes at present, preceding
Person, which is used in, presses lower, medium and small blast furnace that strengthening smelting degree is not high, and the latter is pressing high big of higher, strengthening smelting degree
On medium blast furnace.Major function are as follows: 1) botting, it is desirable that stemming has good fillibility and agglutinating property；2) stablize tapping,
It is required that the easy tapping outlet of stemming and resistant to corrosion, wash away；3) cupola well is protected, it is desirable that do not have crackle when stemming heats rapidly, and new and old
The bond strength of stemming is high；4) it is open functional, drill for tapping machine is easy drilling；5) appropriate plasticity is grasped convenient for clay gun
Make and formed taphole mud packet；6) good volume stability, volume change is small at high temperature, will not leak molten iron due to shrinking.
After explosive charge, the water of water stemming material can form one layer of water curtain under the percussion of explosion gas, and it is quick-fried to play reduction
Temperature, the effect for shortening explosive flame perdurabgility, to be conducive to keep the safety in production a possibility that reducing actuation gas coal dust.
The water curtain formed after water stemming material rupture plays the role of depositing dust and absorbs pernicious gas in blasting fume, is conducive to improve labor
Dynamic condition.According to live practical measurement, with water stemming material compared with yellow mud, Dust Concentration can reduce by 50%, carbon dioxide and dioxy
Changing nitrogen can reduce by 35% and 45% respectively.
Embodiment 1
Stemming provided by the present embodiment is mainly prepared by the component of following mass fraction:
5 parts of red clay, 5 parts of sand and 20 parts of water.
Embodiment 2
Stemming provided by the present embodiment is mainly prepared by the component of following mass fraction:
30 parts of red clay, 20 parts of sand and 30 parts of water.
Embodiment 3
Stemming provided by the present embodiment is mainly prepared by the component of following mass fraction:
10 parts of red clay, 10 parts of sand and 25 parts of water.
Embodiment 4
Stemming provided by the present embodiment is mainly prepared by the component of following mass fraction:
20 parts of red clay, 15 parts of sand and 28 parts of water.
Application examples
Guangnan is spilt in the III level country rock digging process of highway Anna knock gently outlet end to that, and method combination Anna knock gently limestone encloses
Rock actual conditions, tunnel III level country rock mileage is longer, and rock mass is more complete, and stone matter is harder, and special this tunnel of selecting is as examination
Point.
In drilling rod boring tunnels contour line periphery hole, drilling rod is moved towards according to rock, select drilling rod tilt 1 longitudinally upward~
5., 3.5 meters of longitudinal depth, after drilling successfully, using high pressure blower borehole cleaning.Water bag is produced using dedicated water bag sealing machine
It forms, water bag size makes according to binding energy tube and emulsion size and relative energy, and material is common polythene material.Every
Sealing machine Production Time general 300-500/hour of water bag, it can meet and be recycled using 1-2.It is mentioned using embodiment 1
The dedicated stemming supplied, the stemming to complete want uniform mixing, and surface is smooth.It is subsequently filled in binding energy tube tail portion.From borehole bottom
Water bag, explosive, water bag and stemming are successively loaded to heel, the connection between them must be close.When loading water bag, tamper is used
Gently shift borehole specified position onto；When back-filling blinding stemming, in addition to the stemming contacted with water bag, the stemming of remaining back-filling blinding
It is made firm by ramming with tamper solid.
After the completion, binding energy tube is placed in the borehole being drilled, is ignited using trigger.
Using tunnel excavation water bag blasting construction method provided herein, contour line is smoothly neat on face, mentions
High Smooth Blasting Effects, show the preferable goodness of fit, avoid and waste concrete because backbreaking, and deficient digging needs to mend big gun and unrestrained
The case where taking manpower and material resources.Meanwhile using the method, soot density is substantially reduced after explosion in tunnel, effectively improves tunnel
Interior construction environment plays an important role to the illness rate for reducing labor service worker occupational disease.Moreover, effectively reducing the use of explosive
Amount, has saved explosive cost.Water bag plays the role of certain bradyseism again, but reduce to a certain extent to around tunnel and on
The damage in the house, building in portion village.
In conclusion tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein, profile on face after explosion
Line is smoothly neat, improves Smooth Blasting Effects, shows the preferable goodness of fit, avoids and waste concrete because backbreaking, and owes
The case where digging needs to mend big gun and wasting manpower and material resources.Tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method provided herein, tunnel
Soot density is substantially reduced after interior explosion, effectively improves construction environment in tunnel, to the trouble for reducing labor service worker occupational disease
Sick rate plays an important role.Moreover, effectively reducing the dosage of explosive, explosive cost has been saved.Water bag plays certain delay again
Shake effect, and the damage in the house, building to around tunnel and top village is reduced to a certain extent.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that the above various embodiments is only used
To illustrate technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Those skilled in the art should understand that: without departing substantially from this hair
It in the case where bright spirit and scope, is possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to wherein
Some or all of technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, and do not make the essence of corresponding technical solution
It departs from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention；It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims including belonging to the present invention
All these substitutions and modifications in range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method, which comprises the following steps:
It drills on tunnel contour line periphery, as borehole, then fills in the removable binding energy tube equipped with water bag, explosive and stemming
In borehole through brill number, trigger ignites the explosive in the binding energy tube.
2. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drilling is using brill
Bar is operated.
3. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the drilling rod it is longitudinal to
Upper 1-5 ° of inclination, longitudinal depth 3.5-4 meters, preferred longitudinal direction depth is 3.5 meters.
4. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the drilling operation
Later, it is cleared up and is drilled using high pressure blower.
5. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the removable binding energy tube
For polyethylene material.
6. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water bag, explosive
It is that water bag, explosive, water bag and stemming are successively loaded from borehole bottom to heel with filling mode of the stemming in the binding energy tube.
7. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that loading the water bag
When, gently shift borehole specified position into tamper.
8. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that loading the stemming
When, in addition to the stemming contacted with the water bag, the stemming of remaining back-filling blinding is made firm by ramming solid with tamper.
9. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the water bag
For polyethylene, it is preferred that the water bag meets 1-2 recycling, it is preferred that the water bag is standby using water bag encapsulation mechanism,
It is furthermore preferred that the working efficiency of the water bag sealing machine is 300-500/hour.
10. tunnel excavation water bag method blasting construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stemming is by red
Clay, sand and suitable quantity of water are prepared；
Preferably, the stemming is mainly prepared by the component of following mass fraction:
5-30 parts of red clay, 5-20 parts of sand and 20-30 parts of water.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN110274528A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-24 | 黑龙江省龙建路桥第三工程有限公司 | A kind of fluidic compartment blasting method |
| CN110425949A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-08 | 山东天宝爆破有限公司 | A kind of surface blasting smoke treatment method |
| CN111721173A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州省公路工程集团有限公司 | Bridge group pile foundation shallow hole blasting air bag vibration reduction structure and construction method |
| CN112378299A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-19 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel blasting excavation construction method |
| CN112525026A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Treatment method of hydrogen sulfide gas in tunnel |
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| CN110425949A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-08 | 山东天宝爆破有限公司 | A kind of surface blasting smoke treatment method |
| CN111721173A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州省公路工程集团有限公司 | Bridge group pile foundation shallow hole blasting air bag vibration reduction structure and construction method |
| CN112378299A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-19 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel blasting excavation construction method |
| CN112525026A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Treatment method of hydrogen sulfide gas in tunnel |
| CN113279763A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-08-20 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Full-water-pressure energy-gathering blasting shock reduction and energy saving control method, system, terminal and medium |
| CN113279763B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-12-19 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Full-hydraulic energy-gathering blasting vibration reduction and energy-saving control method, system, terminal and medium |
| CN113188390A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-07-30 | 额济纳旗圆通矿业有限责任公司 | Hydraulic blasting construction method for steeply inclined thin ore body |
| CN113483609A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-08 | 核工业华东建设工程集团有限公司 | Water pressure blasting construction method based on energy gathering device |
| CN113883978A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-04 | 太原理工大学 | Tunnel reserved contour protection rock curtain water pressure energy-gathering smooth blasting method |
| CN114704268A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-05 | 中铁广州工程局集团第三工程有限公司 | Single-track railway tunnel full-section primary support rapid ring forming construction method |
| CN114704268B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2024-01-05 | 中铁广州工程局集团第三工程有限公司 | Quick looping construction method for full-section primary support of single-track railway tunnel |
| CN116978470A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-10-31 | 中材(南京)矿山研究院有限公司 | Method for determining optimal nitrogen-oxygen mixing ratio in gas rock breaking energy storage tube |
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Application publication date: 20190412 |