CN109609351A - Small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system - Google Patents

Small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109609351A
CN109609351A CN201811597424.5A CN201811597424A CN109609351A CN 109609351 A CN109609351 A CN 109609351A CN 201811597424 A CN201811597424 A CN 201811597424A CN 109609351 A CN109609351 A CN 109609351A
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biogas
pressure
reaction kettle
cooking
rubbish
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Inventor
穆祥
王西来
郭帆
郭一帆
高峰超
李俊波
苏明生
张文秉
马海军
杨子超
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Ningxia Renle Hongguang Cogeneration Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
Ningxia Tianzong Hongguang Cogeneration Technology Co Ltd
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Ningxia Renle Hongguang Cogeneration Technology Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN201811597424.5A priority Critical patent/CN109609351A/en
Publication of CN109609351A publication Critical patent/CN109609351A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/40Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/48Automatic or computerized control
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/02Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/18Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system, belongs to technical field of biological fermentation.The small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system includes sequentially connected feed preparation unit, S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe, storage device, inlet control valve, biogas generating device, methane purifying device and biogas storage device, anaerobic fermentation, which is collected into, from rubbish from cooking generates biogas, it is stored to marsh gas purifying, it arrives and finally conveys to user again, it realizes overall process operation with closed ring, can effectively realize recycling, the harmless treatment of rubbish from cooking.The small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system overall process realizes automation control, securely and reliably has stronger applicability without artificial excessive intervention.

Description

Small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fermentation, and in particular to a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system.
Background technique
With the increasingly raising of people's material and cultural life, house refuse especially rubbish from cooking is largely generated.This A little rubbishes from cooking, which are such as not added, to be dealt carefully with, and will be brought many problems, is such as bred fly parasitosis bacterium, distribute stench peculiar smell, or even meeting Cause secondary pollution.Currently, for rubbish from cooking mainstream processing mode be dehydration after it is buried, this processing mode does not have not only Rubbish from cooking is effectively utilized, and is easy to cause underground water pollution.
The recycling of rubbish from cooking, harmless treatment become the main flow direction studied now.Biofermentation produces biogas It cooperates with resolution organic materials to prepare the technology of biogas under anaerobic environment using micropopulation, is widely used in cities and towns and agriculture Village plays a crucial role in terms of using energy source and environmental protection.Rubbish from cooking is big, widespread as a kind of yield Organic domestic waste, can produce the raw material of biogas as biofermentation, and reasonable utilization rubbish from cooking can not only be effectively reduced Pollution of the rubbish from cooking to environment, and the energy can be provided for production and living, create benefit.
But every household all generates rubbish from cooking, these rubbishes from cooking have a very wide distribution, and generate for discontinuity, no Supply that can be continual and steady produces.It is usually all to mix rubbish from cooking and since the rubbish from cooking amount that family family generates is relatively fewer It is thrown away together with other house refuses, is less useful for the resource utilization of rubbish from cooking in this way.And in rubbish from cooking collection storage In the process, fly worm is bred, is emitted bad smell, the disadvantage using rubbish from cooking production process of methane is become.How kitchen is effectively realized Remaining garbage as resource, harmless treatment are still the project for being worth that great effort is spent to remove research and probe.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provide it is a kind of can effectively store rubbish from cooking, prevent fly worm from breeding and peculiar smell diffusion, it is real Existing rubbish from cooking is innoxious and recycling, intermittent small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system, including Sequentially connected feed preparation unit, S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe, storage device, inlet control valve, biogas generating device, biogas Purification device and biogas storage device;
The feed preparation unit includes feeding warehouse, feeding warehouse lid and horizontal shaft type crusher, and the feeding warehouse is in infundibulate, Lower end offers charging bin discharge port external, and for the feeding warehouse lid removable cover together in the feeding warehouse upper end, the horizontal shaft type is broken Machine is set in the middle part of the feeding warehouse, to be crushed bulk rubbish from cooking;
Described S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe one end is connected to the charging bin discharge port external, and the other end is connected to the storage device, to prevent Only the stink in the storage device overflows;
The storage device is connected to the biogas generating device by the inlet control valve, and the storage fills It installs and is equipped with negative pressure pump and fluid level controller, the negative pressure pump provides negative pressure, to aspirate the kitchen being broken in the feeding warehouse Remaining rubbish, the fluid level controller and the inlet control valve communicate.
The biogas generating device includes reaction kettle, binder sieve plate, biogas residue sieve plate, and straight-tube shape is arranged in the reaction kettle upper end Reaction kettle feed inlet, reaction kettle feed inlet upper end are connected to the inlet control valve, and the binder sieve plate includes handle, work Dynamic set and cone screen plate, the movable sleeve are located on the inside of the reaction kettle feed inlet, and bottom end is lower than under the reaction kettle feed inlet End, and with the reaction kettle feed inlet clearance fit, handle setting is in the movable set upper side, the work is manually operated Dynamic set upper and lower displacement, the cone screen plate upper end is fixedly connected on the movable sleeve lower end, and lower end fits in the reaction kettle Inner wall, the upper lift handle, the movable sleeve drives the cone screen plate to move up, to disturb reaction mass;The biogas residue sieve plate Below the binder sieve plate, it is obliquely installed, and periphery is bonded with the reaction kettle inner wall, to collect biogas residue.
The reaction kettle top is provided with the extraction of the biogas with valve mouth, lower part biogas residue outlet of the setting with valve and natural pond Liquid outlet, the biogas residue outlet minimum point are connected to the biogas residue sieve plate minimum point, and the biogas slurry outlet is set to institute It states below biogas residue sieve plate minimum point, and far from the biogas residue outlet.
Preferably, the feed preparation unit further includes water sprayer tube, and the water spray pipe ring cloth is in the feeding warehouse Upper inside wall, and several spray heads are evenly arranged with, the spray head is towards the feeding warehouse inner wall, to rinse the feeding warehouse.
Preferably, the biogas generating device further includes biogas slurry reflux pump and biogas slurry reflux manifold, the biogas slurry reflux pump Entrance is connected to the biogas slurry outlet, and biogas slurry reflux manifold one end is connected to the biogas slurry reflux pump discharge, the other end It is connected to the reaction kettle feed inlet, by the biogas slurry circulating reflux of the reactor bottom to the reaction kettle top.
Preferably, backflow distributor is set in the reaction kettle feed inlet, and the backflow distributor includes distributor supervisor And several distributor branch pipes being evenly arranged on the distributor supervisor, the distributor supervisor extend through the movable sleeve And reaction kettle feed inlet, and it is connected to the biogas slurry reflux one end of manifold far from the biogas slurry reflux pump, the distributor branch Several spray orifices are opened up on pipe, with the biogas slurry of uniform sprinkling reflux, the movable sleeve and distributor supervisor intersection open up item Shape hole, the strip-shaped hole are responsible for perpendicular to the distributor, so that the movable sleeve can move up and down.
Preferably, the biogas generating device further includes that reaction kettle heater and temperature-controlling module, the reaction kettle add Hot device is surrounded in the middle part of the reaction kettle outer wall, and to provide heat source to the reaction kettle, the temperature-controlling module includes temperature Detector and temperature controller, the temperature monitor is set to the reaction kettle middle inside, to detect reactor temperature, The temperature monitor and the temperature controller communicate, and the temperature controller reacts kettle heater communication with described, with control Reactor temperature processed.
Preferably, the biogas generating device further includes tee T slag scraper, and the tee T slag scraper includes vertically setting That sets scrapes slag telescopic rod and pull rod, and wedge block, the reaction kettle and the biogas residue sieve plate is arranged in the slag telescopic rod both ends of scraping The upper limit setting annular groove of engaging portion, the wedge block engage with the annular groove, and the pull rod is scraped far from described One end of slag telescopic rod extends through the reaction kettle side wall, and handle is arranged, and the pull rod and the reaction kettle side wall are clamped, Pull the handle, it is described scrape slag telescopic rod and be bonded the biogas residue sieve plate moved to the minimum point of the biogas residue sieve plate so that institute The biogas residue stated on biogas residue sieve plate is discharged from the biogas residue outlet.
Preferably, methane purifying device bottom end feed inlet is connected to the biogas extraction mouth, the connection of top discharge port In the biogas storage device, the methane purifying device lower part is liquid phase scrubbing layer, and top is solid phase absorbed layer, the biogas The biogas that generating device generates is entered by methane purifying device bottom end feed inlet, successively through the liquid phase scrubbing layer and described Solid phase absorbed layer removes H2S、CO2And H2Enter the biogas storage device after O.
Preferably, the biogas storage device includes that storage air bag and storage gas tank, the storage air bag entrance are connected to The top discharge port of the methane purifying device, and the first check (non-return) valve is set, the storage gas tank entrance is connected to the storage Air bag outlet, and the second check (non-return) valve is set, the biogas storage device further includes pressure control assembly, the pressure control assembly Including pressure detecting instrument, pressure controller and relief valve, the pressure detecting instrument is set on the storage air bag, to detect The pressure of storage air bag is stated, the relief valve is set in the connecting tube of the storage air bag and the storage gas tank, the pressure Tension gauge and the pressure controller communicate, and the pressure controller and the relief valve communicate, so that the storage air bag Interior biogas leaks into the storage gas tank.
Preferably, the small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system further includes biogas output pressure regulating device, and the biogas is defeated Pressure-regulating device includes pressure regulating mechanism and output pressure controller out, and described pressure regulating mechanism one end is connected to described The output end of biogas storage device, the output pressure controller are connected to depositing far from the biogas for the pressure regulating mechanism One end of the output end of storage device, the output pressure controller and the pressure regulating mechanism communicate, with pre- to user's output The biogas of constant-pressure.
Preferably, the pressure regulating mechanism includes the pressure-applying unit and pressure relief assembly of parallel connection setting;The pressurization Component includes charged air induction valve and frequency conversion biogas compressor, and the frequency conversion biogas compressor entrance connects the charged air induction valve, And outlet is connected to the output pressure controller, described plus output pressure controller and the frequency conversion biogas compressor and described Charged air induction valve communication, to provide a user High-pressure Marsh Gas;The pressure relief assembly include pressure reducing air inlet valve and decompression Venturi tube, The decompression Venturi tube undergauge end connects the pressure reducing air inlet valve, and expanding end connects the output pressure controller, described Output pressure controller and the pressure reducing air inlet valve communicate, to provide a user low pressure marsh gas.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation systems, the beneficial effect is that: By the feed preparation unit, the S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe and the storage device, the receipts at initial stage are carried out to rubbish from cooking Collection and pretreatment, since the storage device seals, effectively prevent the growth of fly worm so that rubbish from cooking is taken care of the pence And peculiar smell diffusion.The binder sieve plate and the biogas residue sieve plate is arranged in the biogas generating device, prevents rubbish from cooking from floating, no Anaerobic fermentation can be participated in completely, while can suitably disturb the process of anaerobic fermentation, improve anaerobic fermentation efficiency.The biogas hair Generating apparatus is additionally provided with the reflux pump and the reflux manifold and the reaction kettle heater, so that the biogas occurs Anaerobic fermentation in device is more efficient, while being suitable for carrying out the preparation of biogas under Various Seasonal, varying environment.It is described small-sized Rubbish from cooking bionethanation system overall process automatically controls, and reduces the influence of anthropic factor, improves the essential safety of whole system Property.The small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system further comprises the biogas output pressure regulating device, according to different user pair In the demand of biogas pressure, the biogas of different pressures is exported, meets the needs of different user, further increases the suitable of whole system The property used.The small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system is collected into anaerobic fermentation from rubbish from cooking and generates biogas, stores to marsh gas purifying, It arrives again and finally conveys the recycling that can effectively realize rubbish from cooking to user, realization overall process operation with closed ring, innoxious place Reason.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the biogas generating device.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of biogas generating device side elevational cross-section shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the temperature-controlling module.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the biogas storage device.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the pressure control assembly.
Fig. 7 is the biogas output pressure regulating device structural schematic diagram.
In figure: small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system 1, feed preparation unit 10, feeding warehouse 110, charging bin discharge port external 101, feeding warehouse lid 120, horizontal shaft type crusher 130, water sprayer tube 140, spray head 141, high water tank 150, S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe 20, storage device 30, negative pressure pump 310, fluid level controller 320, inlet control valve 40, biogas generating device 50, reaction kettle 510, reaction kettle feed inlet 511, biogas extraction mouth 512, biogas residue outlet 513, biogas slurry outlet 514, annular groove 515, pressure Material screen plate 520, handle 521, movable sleeve 522, cone screen plate 523, biogas residue sieve plate 530, biogas slurry reflux pump 540, biogas slurry return pipe Remittance 550, backflow distributor 560, distributor supervisor 561, distributor branch pipes 562, reaction kettle heater 570, temperature-controlling module 580, temperature monitor 581, temperature controller 582, tee T slag scraper 590, scrape slag telescopic rod 591, wedge block 5911, draw Bar 592, handle 5921, methane purifying device 60, liquid phase scrubbing layer 610, solid phase absorbed layer 620, biogas storage device 70, gas storage Capsule 710, the first check (non-return) valve 711, pressure plare 712, storage gas tank 720, the second check (non-return) valve 721, pressure control assembly 730, pressure Detector 731, pressure controller 732, relief valve 733, biogas output pressure regulating device 80, pressure regulating mechanism 810, pressurization Component 811, charged air induction valve 8111, frequency conversion biogas compressor 8112, pressure relief assembly 812, output pressure controller 820, decompression Intake valve 8121, decompression Venturi tube 8122.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing of the invention, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are please referred to, in a preferred embodiment, a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system 1, including be sequentially connected Feed preparation unit 10, S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe 20, storage device 30, negative pressure pump 310, fluid level controller 320, charging control Valve 40, biogas generating device 50, methane purifying device 60 and biogas storage device 70 processed, each device closed loop connect, described in formation Small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system 1 realizes from being collected into anaerobic fermentation, the whole process supervision from marsh gas purifying to biogas storage, Realize rubbish from cooking resource utilization, harmless treatment.
The feed preparation unit 10 includes feeding warehouse 110, feeding warehouse lid 120 and horizontal shaft type crusher 130, described Feeding warehouse 110 be in infundibulate, lower end offer charging bin discharge port external 101,120 removable cover of feeding warehouse lid together in it is described into 110 upper end of feed bin, the horizontal shaft type crusher 130 is set to 110 middle part of feeding warehouse, to be crushed bulk rubbish from cooking.Zero It dissipates the rubbish from cooking generated to collect first in the feeding warehouse 110, the feeding warehouse 110 can regard interim rubbish as at this time Rubbish bucket, lid close the feeding warehouse lid 120, prevent emission of bad smell and breed fly worm, start the horizontal shaft type crusher 130, will The scattered rubbish from cooking collected in the feeding warehouse 110 is broken, until the average grain diameter of rubbish from cooking is less than 1cm, for anaerobism Fermentation process goes on smoothly offer basis.
Described 20 one end of S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe is connected to the charging bin discharge port external 101, and the other end is connected to the storage Device 30, to prevent the stink in the storage device 30 from overflowing.
The storage device 30 is connected to the biogas generating device 50 by the inlet control valve 40, and described Storage device 30 is provided with negative pressure pump 310 and fluid level controller 320, and the negative pressure pump 310 provides negative pressure, to aspirate The rubbish from cooking being broken in feeding warehouse 110 is stated, the fluid level controller 320 is communicated with the inlet control valve 40.It is described into After the broken completion of rubbish from cooking in feed bin 110, starts the negative pressure pump 310, extracted to the storage device 30 negative Pressure, so that the rubbish from cooking in the feeding warehouse 110 enters storage device 30 by the S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe 20 and stores.
The stickum that rubbish from cooking contains often is bonded on the inner wall of the feeding warehouse 110, at the same time, described S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe 20 is also required to water to seal, and prevents the peculiar smell that rubbish from cooking hydrolysis generates in the storage device 30.Therefore And the feed preparation unit 10 further includes water sprayer tube 140, the 140 ring cloth of water sprayer tube is on the feeding warehouse 110 Portion's inner wall, and several spray heads 141 are evenly arranged with, the spray head 141 is towards 110 inner wall of feeding warehouse, described in rinsing 110 inner wall of feeding warehouse.Water rinses 110 inner wall of feeding warehouse by the water sprayer tube 140, while in the S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe Water seal is formed in 20, and be added the storage device 30 water can initial hydrolysis rubbish from cooking, further prevent food waste rubbish Rubbish everfermentation in the storage device 30.Further, the rubbish from cooking stored in the storage device 30 can Its quality of first successive step, especially adjusts its pH value and nitrogen and phosphorus content, is based on this problem, the feed preparation unit 10 is also Including high water tank 150, the high water tank 150 is located at 110 top of feeding warehouse, and lower end outlet is connected to the water spray Shower pipe 140, the high water tank 150 can temporarily collect washing sewage or swill, this part water not only alternative above-mentioned flushing institute The water of the water seal of the water and the S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe 20 of 110 inner wall of feeding warehouse is stated, and can be in the storage device 30 Rubbish from cooking supplements nitrogen P elements, while having recycled part household sanitary sewage, reduces sanitary sewage and arranges to municipal administration pipe The amount of net.
The biogas generating device 50 includes reaction kettle 510, binder sieve plate 520 and biogas residue sieve plate 530, the reaction kettle Straight-tube shape reaction kettle feed inlet 511 is arranged in 510 upper ends, and 511 upper end of reaction kettle feed inlet is connected to the inlet control valve 40, the binder sieve plate 520 includes handle 521, movable sleeve 522 and cone screen plate 523, and the movable sleeve 522 is located at described anti- Answer the inside of kettle feed inlet 511, bottom end is lower than 511 lower end of reaction kettle feed inlet, and with 511 gap of reaction kettle feed inlet Cooperation, the handle 521 setting are described 522 upper and lower displacement of movable sleeve is manually operated in 522 upper end of movable sleeve 523 upper end of cone screen plate is fixedly connected on 522 lower end of movable sleeve, and lower end fits in 510 inner wall of reaction kettle, upper lift The handle 521, the movable sleeve 522 drives the cone screen plate 523 to move up, to disturb reaction mass;The biogas residue sieve plate 530 are located at 520 lower section of binder sieve plate, are obliquely installed, and periphery is bonded with 510 inner wall of reaction kettle, to collect biogas residue.
When the amount of the rubbish from cooking stored in the storage device 30 reaches predetermined value, the fluid level controller 320 detect scheduled level value, and transmission communication signal gives the inlet control valve 40, controls the inlet control valve 40 and opens It opens, all the enter reaction kettle 510 of the rubbish from cooking stored in the storage device 30 carries out anaerobic fermentation production natural pond Gas.When the liquid level of the storage device 30 is down to zero-bit, the inlet control valve 40 is closed.It is mentioned in the reaction kettle 510 The preceding anaerobic fermentation inoculum that predetermined amount is added, the anaerobic fermentation inoculum are selected from sediment of pond, anaerobic activated sludge, biogas At least one of bottom of pond mud, old methane-generating pit biogas residue or old biogas digested liquor of biogas generating pit.In anaerobic fermentation reaction process, periodically by described Handle 521 is lifted the binder sieve plate 520, on the one hand disturbs the material in the reaction kettle 510, on the other hand, makes to float on liquid The rubbish from cooking of lightweight on face comes into full contact with reaction mass, the further efficiency and rubbish from cooking for improving anaerobic fermentation Utilization rate.The biogas residue generated in reaction process is collected lower with the biogas residue sieve plate 530 by the biogas residue sieve plate 530 End.
510 top of reaction kettle is provided with the extraction mouth 512 of the biogas with valve, to produce natural pond caused by anaerobic fermentation Gas;The biogas residue outlet 513 with valve is arranged in lower part, and the biogas residue of anaerobic fermentation process generation is discharged, the biogas residue of discharge is consolidated Processing is made compost in useless processing;And biogas slurry outlet 514, extra biogas slurry is discharged.513 minimum point of biogas residue outlet connects It is connected to 530 minimum point of biogas residue sieve plate, the biogas slurry outlet 514 is set to below 530 minimum point of biogas residue sieve plate, and Far from the biogas residue outlet 513.
To guarantee that the material in the reaction kettle 510 sufficiently disturbs, but also the biogas slurry of 510 bottom of the reaction kettle is followed Ring comes into full contact with reaction mass, improves anaerobic fermentation efficiency, continuing with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, in another preferred embodiment, and institute Stating biogas generating device 50 further includes that biogas slurry reflux pump 540 and biogas slurry reflux manifold 550,540 entrance of biogas slurry reflux pump connect It is connected to the biogas slurry outlet 514, the biogas slurry reflux 550 one end of manifold is connected to the biogas slurry reflux pump 540 and exports, another End is connected to the reaction kettle feed inlet 511, by the biogas slurry circulating reflux of 510 bottom of reaction kettle to the reaction kettle 510 tops.
Further, backflow distributor 560 is set in the reaction kettle feed inlet 511, the backflow distributor 560 includes Distributor supervisor 561 and several distributor branch pipes 562 being evenly arranged on the distributor supervisor 561, the distributor master Pipe 561 extends through the movable sleeve 522 and reaction kettle feed inlet 511, and is connected to the biogas slurry reflux manifold 550 far from institute One end of biogas slurry reflux pump 540 is stated, opens up several spray orifices in the distributor branch pipes 562, with the biogas slurry of uniform sprinkling reflux, institute It states movable sleeve 522 and the distributor is responsible for 561 intersections and opens up strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole is responsible for perpendicular to the distributor 561, so that the movable sleeve 522 can move up and down.
In the present embodiment, in anaerobic fermentation process, due to the filtration of the biogas residue sieve plate 530, in the reaction 510 bottom of kettle can generate the preferable biogas slurry of part mass, this part biogas slurry is drained by the way that described 540 a part of biogas slurry reflux pump is outer Municipal sewage pipe network, remainder is then back to 510 top of reaction kettle by biogas slurry reflux manifold 550, to improve Anaerobic fermentation efficiency.Further, to be uniformly distributed the biogas slurry of reflux, and less impact force is generated, setting is described to return Flow distributor 560.
Requirement of the anaerobic fermentation process to temperature is more harsh, and 15 DEG C under normal circumstances~35 DEG C are more appropriate temperature. And in winter in the north, environment temperature is lower, and anaerobic fermentation activity is lower, and anaerobic fermentation is inefficient.Another embodiment In, the biogas generating device 50 further includes reaction kettle heater 570 and temperature-controlling module 580, to adjust the reaction kettle The temperature parameter of interior material improves anaerobic fermentation reaction rate.The reaction kettle heater 570 is surrounded on the reaction kettle 510 In the middle part of outer wall, to provide heat source to the reaction kettle 510, the temperature-controlling module 580 includes temperature monitor 581 and temperature Controller 582, the temperature monitor 581 is set to 510 middle inside of reaction kettle, to detect temperature in reaction kettle 510, The temperature monitor 581 is communicated with the temperature controller 582, and the temperature controller 582 reacts kettle heater with described 570 communications, to control temperature in reaction kettle 510.
Please refer to Fig. 4, the working principle of the temperature-controlling module 580 are as follows: the temperature monitor 581 detects described 510 interior reaction temperature T1 of reaction kettle, and the temperature T1 that will test is transferred to the temperature controller 582, the temperature control Instrument 582 is by the temperature T1 compared with preset reaction temperature T0, and if T1 is lower than T0, then the temperature controller 582 transmits Open signal gives the reaction kettle heater 570, and the reaction kettle heater 570 works, and heats up to the reaction kettle 510, until Temperature T1 is equal to T0.
Fig. 3 is please referred to, the biogas residue generated in rubbish from cooking anaerobic fermentation process is often attached to described since its viscosity is larger On biogas residue sieve plate 530, so that the biogas residue sieve plate 530 blocks, the process of anaerobic fermentation is influenced.Another embodiment In, the biogas generating device 50 further includes tee T slag scraper 590, and the tee T slag scraper 590 includes vertically disposed Scrape slag telescopic rod 591 and pull rod 592, it is described to scrape 591 both ends of slag telescopic rod setting wedge block 5911, the reaction kettle 510 with The upper limit setting annular groove 515 of 530 engaging portion of biogas residue sieve plate, the wedge block 5911 and the annular groove 515 engagings, the pull rod 592 extends through 510 side wall of reaction kettle far from described one end for scraping slag telescopic rod 591, and sets Handle 5921 is set, the pull rod 592 is clamped with 510 side wall of reaction kettle, pulls the handle 5921, described to scrape slag telescopic rod The 591 fitting biogas residue sieve plates 530 are moved to the minimum point of the biogas residue sieve plate 530, so that the natural pond on the biogas residue sieve plate 530 Slag is discharged from the biogas residue outlet 513, and in the process, the slag telescopic rod 591 of scraping is under the action of wedge block 5911 Elongation, so that the entire surface movement scraped slag telescopic rod 591 and be bonded the biogas residue sieve plate 530, reaches and preferably scrape slag effect.
Biogas caused by rubbish from cooking anaerobic fermentation contains H2S、CO2And H2The foreign gases such as O influence the biogas Quality, or even prevent generated biogas from normally being used, H2There is also biggish security risks for the leakage of S gas. Please referring to Fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, the 60 bottom end feed inlet of methane purifying device is connected to the biogas extraction mouth 512, It is introduced into the methane purifying device 60 and is purified with the biogas for generating anaerobic fermentation, remove H2S、CO2And H2O.Top goes out Material mouth is connected to the biogas storage device 70, and 60 lower part of methane purifying device is liquid phase scrubbing layer 610, and top is solid phase Absorbed layer 620, the biogas that the biogas generating device generates are entered by the 60 bottom end feed inlet of methane purifying device, are successively passed through The liquid phase scrubbing layer 610 and the solid phase absorbed layer 620 remove H2S、CO2And H2Enter the biogas storage device 70 after O. Preferably, the liquid phase scrubbing layer 610 is dilute alkaline soln, preferably 2%~10% soda lye, to remove H2S and big Part CO2, at least one layer of the solid phase absorbed layer 620, it is filled with calcium oxide solid, to absorb remaining CO2And H2O, preferably Ground, the solid phase absorbed layer 620 are two layers, are successively filled with calcium oxide solid and anhydrous silica gel or anhydrous cupric sulfate respectively, Further to absorb H contained in biogas2O, by the biogas of purification, H2S、CO2And H2The content of O reaches requirement Afterwards, storing for future use into the storage device 70.
During rubbish from cooking anaerobic fermentation, the requirement for system pressure is more harsh, it is generally the case that system Pressure maintains normal pressure or micro-positive pressure, still, as the air pressure in biogas storage device 70 increases, the pressure in the reaction kettle Also can be with raising, and then react on entire anaerobic fermentation process.Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, it is described in another embodiment Biogas storage device 70 includes that storage air bag 710 and storage gas tank 720,710 entrance of storage air bag are connected to the biogas The top discharge port of purification device 60, and the first check (non-return) valve 711 is set, to prevent the biogas collected in the air storage bag 710 anti- String, 720 entrance of storage gas tank are connected to the storage air bag 710 and export, and the second check (non-return) valve 721 is arranged, to prevent The biogas collected in storage gas tank 720 is stated to play a reversed role.The biogas storage device 70 further includes pressure control assembly 730, institute Stating pressure control assembly 730 includes pressure detecting instrument 731, pressure controller 732 and relief valve 733, the pressure detecting instrument 731 It is set on the storage air bag 710, to detect the pressure of the storage air bag 710, the relief valve 733 is set to described deposit In the connecting tube of air storage bag 710 and the storage gas tank 720, the pressure detecting instrument 731 and the pressure controller 732 are logical News, the pressure controller 732 are communicated with the relief valve 733, so that the biogas in the storage air bag 710 leaks into described deposit Air accumulator 720.The pressure detecting instrument 731 detects the pressure P1 in the air storage bag 710, and is transferred to the pressure control Instrument 732, the pressure controller 732 by pressure P1 compared with presetting pressure P0, when P1 be greater than P0, the pressure controller The 732 control relief valves 733 are opened, and the biogas in the air storage bag 710 is discharged into the storage gas tank 720.Into one Step ground, to enable the biogas in the air storage bag 710 to be discharged into the storage gas tank 720, sets on the air storage bag 710 Pressure plare 712 is set, the biogas in the air storage bag 710 is pressed into the storage gas tank 720, the pressure plare 712 and institute The communication of pressure controller 732 is stated, is worked with controlling the pressure plare 712 by the pressure controller 732.
The biogas stored in the storage gas tank 720 finally wants user oriented to use, but in use, different User is different for the pressure demand of biogas, needs higher biogas pressure if for cooker, to maintain preferable burning shape State provides the more combustion heat, illuminates for biogas lamp, then needs lower pressure, while reaching optimal illuminating effect, It improves the safety of use.Fig. 7 is please referred to, in a preferred embodiment, the small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system 1 further includes Biogas output pressure regulating device 80, the biogas output pressure regulating device 80 include that pressure regulating mechanism 810 and output are pressed Power controller 820, described 810 one end of pressure regulating mechanism are connected to the output end of the biogas storage device 70, the output Pressure controller 820 is connected to one end of the output end far from the biogas storage device 70 of the pressure regulating mechanism 810, The output pressure controller 820 is communicated with the pressure regulating mechanism 810, to export the biogas of predetermined pressure to user.Institute It states output pressure controller 820 and exports scheduled user's pressure, and control the pressure regulating mechanism 810 and act, adjust output To the biogas pressure of user.
Preferably, the pressure regulating mechanism 810 includes the pressure-applying unit 811 and pressure relief assembly of parallel connection setting 812;The pressure-applying unit 811 includes charged air induction valve 8111 and frequency conversion biogas compressor 8112, the frequency conversion biogas compressor 8112 entrances connect the charged air induction valve 8111, and outlet is connected to the output pressure controller 820, the output pressure Controller 820 and the frequency conversion biogas compressor 8112 and the charged air induction valve 8111 communicate, to provide a user high pressure methane Gas;The pressure relief assembly 812 includes that pressure reducing air inlet valve 8121 and decompression Venturi tube 8122, the decompression Venturi tube 8122 contract Diameter end connects the pressure reducing air inlet valve 8121, and expanding end connects the output pressure controller 820, the output pressure control Instrument 820 and the pressure reducing air inlet valve 8121 communicate, to provide a user low pressure marsh gas.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly It encloses, those skilled in the art can understand all or part of the processes for realizing the above embodiment, and wants according to right of the present invention Made equivalent variations is sought, is still belonged to the scope covered by the invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected feed preparation unit, S type water Tube sealing, storage device, inlet control valve, biogas generating device, methane purifying device and biogas storage device;
The feed preparation unit includes feeding warehouse, feeding warehouse lid and horizontal shaft type crusher, and the feeding warehouse is in infundibulate, Lower end offers charging bin discharge port external, and for the feeding warehouse lid removable cover together in the feeding warehouse upper end, the horizontal shaft type is broken Machine is set in the middle part of the feeding warehouse, to be crushed bulk rubbish from cooking;
Described S type water sealing (sealing water) pipe one end is connected to the charging bin discharge port external, and the other end is connected to the storage device, to prevent Only the stink in the storage device overflows;
The storage device is connected to the biogas generating device by the inlet control valve, and the storage fills It installs and is equipped with negative pressure pump and fluid level controller, the negative pressure pump provides negative pressure, to aspirate the kitchen being broken in the feeding warehouse Remaining rubbish, the fluid level controller and the inlet control valve communicate.
The biogas generating device includes reaction kettle, binder sieve plate, biogas residue sieve plate, and the reaction kettle upper end setting straight-tube shape reacts Kettle feed inlet, reaction kettle feed inlet upper end are connected to the inlet control valve, and the binder sieve plate includes handle, movable sleeve And cone screen plate, the movable sleeve are located on the inside of the reaction kettle feed inlet, bottom end is lower than reaction kettle feed inlet lower end, and With the reaction kettle feed inlet clearance fit, the handle setting is in the movable set upper side, the movable sleeve is manually operated Upper and lower displacement, the cone screen plate upper end is fixedly connected on the movable sleeve lower end, and lower end fits in the reaction kettle inner wall, The upper lift handle, the movable sleeve drives the cone screen plate to move up, to disturb reaction mass;The biogas residue sieve plate is located at institute It states below binder sieve plate, is obliquely installed, and periphery is bonded with the reaction kettle inner wall, to collect biogas residue.
The reaction kettle top is provided with the extraction of the biogas with valve mouth, lower part biogas residue outlet of the setting with valve and biogas slurry row Outlet, the biogas residue outlet minimum point are connected to the biogas residue sieve plate minimum point, and the biogas slurry outlet is set to the natural pond Below slag sieve plate minimum point, and far from the biogas residue outlet.
2. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the feed preparation unit also wraps Water sprayer tube is included, the water spray pipe ring cloth is evenly arranged with several spray heads in the feeding warehouse upper inside wall, the spray head Towards the feeding warehouse inner wall, to rinse the feeding warehouse.
3. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the biogas generating device further includes Biogas slurry reflux pump and biogas slurry reflux manifold, the biogas slurry reflux pump intake are connected to the biogas slurry outlet, the biogas slurry reflux Manifold one end is connected to the biogas slurry reflux pump discharge, and the other end is connected to the reaction kettle feed inlet, by the reaction kettle The biogas slurry circulating reflux of bottom is to the reaction kettle top.
4. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that setting in the reaction kettle feed inlet Backflow distributor, the backflow distributor include distributor supervisor and several distributions being evenly arranged on the distributor supervisor Device branch pipe, the distributor supervisor extends through the movable sleeve and reaction kettle feed inlet, and is connected to the biogas slurry return pipe It converges one end far from the biogas slurry reflux pump, opens up several spray orifices in the distributor branch pipes, with the biogas slurry of uniform sprinkling reflux, The movable sleeve and distributor supervisor intersection open up strip-shaped hole, and the strip-shaped hole is responsible for perpendicular to the distributor, with The movable sleeve is set to move up and down.
5. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the biogas generating device further includes Kettle heater and temperature-controlling module are reacted, the reaction kettle heater is surrounded on the reaction kettle outer wall middle part, with to described Reaction kettle provides heat source, and the temperature-controlling module includes temperature monitor and temperature controller, the temperature monitor setting In the reaction kettle middle inside, to detect reactor temperature, the temperature monitor and the temperature controller are communicated, institute It states temperature controller and reacts kettle heater communication with described, to control reactor temperature.
6. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the biogas generating device further includes Tee T slag scraper, the tee T slag scraper include it is vertically disposed scrape slag telescopic rod and pull rod, it is described to scrape slag telescopic rod two The upper limit setting annular groove of end setting wedge block, the reaction kettle and biogas residue sieve plate engaging portion, the wedge shape are sliding Block engages with the annular groove, and the pull rod extends through the reaction kettle side wall far from described one end for scraping slag telescopic rod, And setting handle, the pull rod and the reaction kettle side wall are clamped, and pull the handle, the slag telescopic rod of scraping is bonded the natural pond Slag sieve plate is moved to the minimum point of the biogas residue sieve plate, so that the biogas residue on the biogas residue sieve plate is arranged from the biogas residue outlet Out.
7. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the methane purifying device bottom end into Material mouth is connected to biogas extraction mouth, and top discharge port is connected to the biogas storage device, under the methane purifying device Portion is liquid phase scrubbing layer, and top is solid phase absorbed layer, and the biogas that the biogas generating device generates is by the methane purifying device Lower end enters, and successively through the liquid phase scrubbing layer and the solid phase absorbed layer, enters the biogas after removing H2S, CO2 and H2O Storage device.
8. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the biogas storage device includes depositing Air storage bag and storage gas tank, the storage air bag entrance are connected to the top discharge port of the methane purifying device, and are arranged the One check (non-return) valve, the storage gas tank entrance is connected to the storage air bag outlet, and the second check (non-return) valve, the biogas is arranged Storage device further includes pressure control assembly, and the pressure control assembly includes pressure detecting instrument, pressure controller and relief valve, The pressure detecting instrument is set on the storage air bag, and to detect the pressure of the storage air bag, the relief valve is set to In the connecting tube of the storage air bag and the storage gas tank, the pressure detecting instrument and the pressure controller are communicated, described Pressure controller and the relief valve communicate, so that the biogas in the storage air bag leaks into the storage gas tank.
9. the small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as described in any one of claim 1~8, which is characterized in that further include natural pond Gas output pressure regulating device, the biogas output pressure regulating device include pressure regulating mechanism and output pressure controller, Described pressure regulating mechanism one end is connected to the output end of the biogas storage device, and the output pressure controller is connected to institute State one end of the output end far from the biogas storage device of pressure regulating mechanism, the output pressure controller and the pressure Power regulating mechanism communication, to export the biogas of predetermined pressure to user.
10. small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the pressure regulating mechanism includes The pressure-applying unit and pressure relief assembly of parallel connection setting;
The pressure-applying unit includes charged air induction valve and frequency conversion biogas compressor, described in the frequency conversion biogas compressor entrance connection Charged air induction valve, and outlet is connected to the output pressure controller, described plus output pressure controller and the frequency conversion biogas Compressor and charged air induction valve communication, to provide a user High-pressure Marsh Gas;
The pressure relief assembly includes pressure reducing air inlet valve and decompression Venturi tube, is subtracted described in the decompression Venturi tube undergauge end connection It is pressed into air valve, and expanding end connects the output pressure controller, the output pressure controller and the pressure reducing air inlet valve are logical News, to provide a user low pressure marsh gas.
CN201811597424.5A 2018-12-26 2018-12-26 Small-sized rubbish from cooking bionethanation system Pending CN109609351A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111088087A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-01 广东瓦格耐电力科技有限公司 Biogas pretreatment device for biogas generator set

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111088087A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-01 广东瓦格耐电力科技有限公司 Biogas pretreatment device for biogas generator set
CN111088087B (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-20 广东瓦格耐电力科技有限公司 Biogas pretreatment device for biogas generator set

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