CN109609093B - Coal dust suppressant and using method thereof - Google Patents
Coal dust suppressant and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109609093B CN109609093B CN201811590704.3A CN201811590704A CN109609093B CN 109609093 B CN109609093 B CN 109609093B CN 201811590704 A CN201811590704 A CN 201811590704A CN 109609093 B CN109609093 B CN 109609093B
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Abstract
The invention provides a coal dust suppressant and a using method thereof, belongs to the field of coal transportation, and aims to solve the problems that the existing coal dust suppressant is insufficient in crusting strength after spraying, cannot achieve sufficient hardness and toughness in a short time and has certain corrosivity on a carriage and a rail. The coal dust suppressant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-80% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 2-20% of fenugreek gum, 1-12% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 5-20% of polystyrene emulsion. The invention has the advantages that the crust strength is high after spraying, and enough hardness and toughness are achieved in a short time, thereby facilitating construction; the used raw materials and the produced products belong to green and environment-friendly products, have almost no corrosivity on the paint of carriage steel, plastic pipes, carriages and the like, are easy to decompose, are environment-friendly, safe, nontoxic and tasteless, have rich sources and are cheaper; the incrustation strength of the carriage coal pile can be continuously increased after the spraying is finished, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal transportation, in particular to a coal dust suppressant and a using method thereof.
Background
In the railway transportation process, fine particles such as dust on the surface of coal can be scattered on the road surface or raised due to the bumping of trains and the action of wind power, so that the following four aspects of damage can be caused. Firstly, the environment is polluted: the main pollution comes from the two sides of the transportation railway line because the fine dust on the train can be scattered to the ground in windy or bumpy conditions, and the secondary dust can be generated when the locomotive passes by, so that the environment is further polluted. Secondly, equipment is damaged: coal dust scattered on the rail can cause the harm to the railway roadbed of circuit, the degree of hardening has been aggravated, if coal dust accumulates certain thickness then can bury the installation part on the rail, thereby the cost and the degree of difficulty of the daily maintenance of rail have been increased, bury under the dust for a long time simultaneously, part on the rail also can corrode with higher speed, hidden danger has been brought for railway transportation safety, in addition, coal dust pollutes the maintenance degree of difficulty that has still increased rail communication system, can arouse circuit short circuit and self discharge even, threaten driving safety, the degree of difficulty of daily maintenance has been increaseed. Thirdly, harming the health of workers: the presence of dust seriously harms the working environment of workers, especially in tunnels, if the dust is coalWhen entering a locomotive crew room, the working environment of crew members is polluted, physical harm is caused to workers working in the environment, and the harm to workers working in a tunnel for a long time is larger. Fourthly, the potential safety hazard of railway transportation is aggravated: according to calculation, if the concentration of coal dust in the tunnel reaches 114mg/m3And explosion is easy to occur when open fire occurs, and great threat is generated to driving and personal safety. Based on these hazards, dust suppression is required during coal transportation.
The dust suppressant is commonly used for suppressing dust of coal at present. However, the currently used dust suppressant has insufficient crusting strength after spraying in the actual use process, insufficient hardness and toughness can not be achieved in a short time, more scattered coal is shaken off in a long tunnel, a large amount of manpower and material resources are needed for removing, and the cost is high and the danger is high. In addition, the existing dust suppressant has certain corrosiveness to a carriage and a rail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing coal dust suppressant has insufficient crusting strength after spraying, insufficient hardness and toughness in a short time and certain corrosivity to a carriage and a rail, and provides a coal dust suppressant and a using method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a coal dust suppressant is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-80% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 2-20% of fenugreek gum, 1-12% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 5-20% of polystyrene emulsion.
Optionally, the preparation method of the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol comprises: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
Optionally, the polystyrene emulsion has a concentration of 25-40%.
A use method of a coal dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 50-80 wt% of a dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol complex, 2-20 wt% of fenugreek gum and 1-12 wt% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
step 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 5-20 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form a liquid dust suppressant;
and 4, spraying the liquid dust suppressant to the surface of the coal bed of the coal transportation carriage.
Optionally, the preparation method of the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol comprises: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the complex of dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol as the main film forming material, which can ensure that a film is formed on the surface of coal; the adoption of the fenugreek gum can ensure that the shell can be formed in a short time, ensure that the shell formed by the dust suppressant on the surface of coal is hard and elastic to prevent the shell from being cracked, and ensure that the shell can continuously react after being sprayed to gradually increase the strength; the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide can play a role in sterilization, permeation and rust prevention; the polystyrene emulsion is adopted, so that the shell formed on the surface of coal can prevent rain, the wind resistance index and the rain resistance of the dust suppression shell are enhanced, and the dust suppression effect is not influenced by rain. After the application of the invention, the problem that the pulverized coal falls to the ground on two sides of a transportation railway line can be solved, the pollution to the environment caused by railway transportation is solved, the damage to the ballast bed of the line and the maintenance cost and difficulty caused by the falling coal are solved, the hidden danger brought to the railway transportation safety by accelerated corrosion of railway parts is solved, the safety, the rust resistance and the environmental protection performance of the dust suppressant are solved, the threat to the driving and personal safety caused by explosion of the pulverized coal when meeting open fire in the railway transportation is solved, and the social benefit and the environmental benefit are great. Therefore, compared with the background art, the invention has the advantages that the crust strength is high after spraying, and enough hardness and toughness are achieved in a short time, thereby facilitating construction; the used raw materials and the produced products belong to green and environment-friendly products, almost have no corrosivity on carriage steel, plastic pipes, carriages and paint, are easy to decompose, are environment-friendly, safe, nontoxic and tasteless, have rich sources and are cheaper; the incrustation strength of the carriage coal pile can be continuously increased after the spraying is finished, and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 80% of a complex of dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 2% of fenugreek gum, 1% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 17% of polystyrene emulsion.
Wherein, the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol is used as a main film forming material; the function of the fenugreek gum is to ensure that the shell formed by the dust suppressant is harder and elastic to prevent the dust suppressant from being broken; dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide is used as a sterilization, permeation and rust prevention agent; the polystyrene emulsion is used as a rainproof agent.
Wherein the concentration of the polystyrene emulsion is 25-40%.
The preparation method of the complex of the dimethylethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
The application method of the coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 80 wt% of a dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol complex, 2 wt% of fenugreek gum and 1 wt% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
step 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 17 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form a liquid dust suppressant;
and 4, spraying the liquid dust suppressant to the surface of the coal bed of the coal transportation carriage.
Example 2
The coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 20% of fenugreek gum, 12% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 18% of polystyrene emulsion.
Wherein, the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol is used as a main film forming material; the function of the fenugreek gum is to ensure that the shell formed by the dust suppressant is harder and elastic to prevent the dust suppressant from being broken; dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide is used as a sterilization, permeation and rust prevention agent; the polystyrene emulsion is used as a rainproof agent.
Wherein the concentration of the polystyrene emulsion is 25-40%.
The preparation method of the complex of the dimethylethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
The application method of the coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 50 wt% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 20 wt% of fenugreek gum and 12 wt% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
step 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 18 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form a liquid dust suppressant;
and 4, spraying the liquid dust suppressant to the surface of the coal bed of the coal transportation carriage.
Example 3
The coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 11% of fenugreek gum, 6.5% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 12.5% of polystyrene emulsion.
Wherein, the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol is used as a main film forming material; the function of the fenugreek gum is to ensure that the shell formed by the dust suppressant is harder and elastic to prevent the dust suppressant from being broken; dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide is used as a sterilization, permeation and rust prevention agent; the polystyrene emulsion is used as a rainproof agent.
Wherein the concentration of the polystyrene emulsion is 25-40%.
The preparation method of the complex of the dimethylethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
The application method of the coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 70 wt% of a dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol complex, 11 wt% of fenugreek gum and 6.5 wt% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
step 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 12.5 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form a liquid dust suppressant;
and 4, spraying the liquid dust suppressant to the surface of the coal bed of the coal transportation carriage.
Example 4
The coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 60% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 15% of fenugreek gum, 10% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 15% of polystyrene emulsion.
Wherein, the complex of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol is used as a main film forming material; the function of the fenugreek gum is to ensure that the shell formed by the dust suppressant is harder and elastic to prevent the dust suppressant from being broken; dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide is used as a sterilization, permeation and rust prevention agent; the polystyrene emulsion is used as a rainproof agent.
Wherein the concentration of the polystyrene emulsion is 25-40%.
The preparation method of the complex of the dimethylethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
The application method of the coal dust suppressant in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 60% by weight of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 15% by weight of coumaric gum and 10% by weight of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
and 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 15 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form the liquid dust suppressant.
The test proves that the invention has the following properties:
the pH value is 6-8.
The average corrosion rate/(m/a) of the alloy to steel is less than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10-5(ii) a The average corrosion rate/(m/a) of the aluminum alloy is less than or equal to 3 multiplied by 10-5(ii) a The average corrosion rate/(m/a) of the corrosion inhibitor to TCS stainless steel is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10-7(ii) a Average corrosion rate/(mg/cm) to rubber tube of vehicle2·h)≤1×10-7(ii) a Uniform corrosion rate/(mg/cm) to vehicle alkyd paint sheet2·h) ≤1×10-7。
The skin irritation degree is less than 2.0.
Flash point/° c > 61.
Tests show that the dust suppression agent can meet or exceed the technical requirements of railway coal transportation dust suppression technical conditions TB/T3210.1-2009, which is an industry standard of the Ministry of railways. Meets the technical requirements of the railway department industry standard of dust suppression technical conditions for railway coal transportation in the aspects of wind prevention and rain prevention.
The dust suppression effect of the invention is tested as follows: through the actual running test of the Daqin railway, the crust of the coal bed of the whole vehicle is complete, the loss rate of the pulverized coal is close to zero, and the effect is ideal.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The coal dust suppressant is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50-80% of a compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol, 2-20% of fenugreek gum, 1-12% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and 5-20% of polystyrene emulsion;
the preparation method of the compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
2. The coal dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein the polystyrene emulsion is present in a concentration of 25-40%.
3. The use method of the coal dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, adding solid powder into a stirring barrel with a mechanical stirring device, wherein the solid powder comprises 50-80 wt% of a dimethyl ethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol complex, 2-20 wt% of fenugreek gum and 1-12 wt% of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
step 2, adding water into the stirring barrel to dissolve the solid powder, and adding water while mechanically stirring, wherein the weight of the water is 70-90 times of that of the solid powder;
step 3, stirring for 20-60min until the solid powder is completely dissolved, adding 5-20 wt% of polystyrene emulsion, and stirring for 3-7min to form a liquid dust suppressant;
step 4, spraying the liquid dust suppressant to the surface of a coal seam of the coal transportation carriage;
the preparation method of the compound of dimethylethyl urea and polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps: mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: the 9 dimethyl ethyl urea and the polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and stirred for 5 to 30min at the temperature of between 10 and 40 ℃.
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| CN102295915A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2011-12-28 | 北京中盛益世环保科技有限公司 | Dust inhibitor |
| CN102304349A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-01-04 | 北京化工大学 | Mineral powder railway transportation dust suppressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108410425A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-17 | 特浦朗克化工（营口）股份有限公司 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof of multi-environment depositing dust |
| CN108485606A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 北京睿鸿星科技有限公司 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof and the application in Coal Transport |
| CN108587568A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-28 | 北京睿鸿星科技有限公司 | A kind of Road dust suppressant and the preparation method and application thereof |
-
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- 2018-12-25 CN CN201811590704.3A patent/CN109609093B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304349A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-01-04 | 北京化工大学 | Mineral powder railway transportation dust suppressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN102295915A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2011-12-28 | 北京中盛益世环保科技有限公司 | Dust inhibitor |
| CN108485606A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-04 | 北京睿鸿星科技有限公司 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof and the application in Coal Transport |
| CN108587568A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-28 | 北京睿鸿星科技有限公司 | A kind of Road dust suppressant and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108410425A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-17 | 特浦朗克化工（营口）股份有限公司 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof of multi-environment depositing dust |
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