CN109606132B - Manual gear simulation device of electric automobile and manual gear electric automobile - Google Patents

Manual gear simulation device of electric automobile and manual gear electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109606132B
CN109606132B CN201811640193.1A CN201811640193A CN109606132B CN 109606132 B CN109606132 B CN 109606132B CN 201811640193 A CN201811640193 A CN 201811640193A CN 109606132 B CN109606132 B CN 109606132B
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China
Prior art keywords
pull wire
electric automobile
gear
transmission
clutch
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CN201811640193.1A
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CN109606132A (en
Inventor
刘智刚
杨世春
陈飞
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Hebei Sanguo New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Hebei Sanguo New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a manual gear simulation device of an electric automobile and a manual gear electric automobile, the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile comprises a sliding groove plate, a mounting frame, a first pull wire sleeve, a first pull wire core, a second pull wire sleeve, a second pull wire core, a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve shaft, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the rear end of the first pull wire core and the rear end of the second pull wire core are respectively connected with an external front-rear transmission deflector rod and a left-right transmission deflector rod, the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft, the first pull wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is rotatably connected with the positioning shaft, the front end of the second pull wire core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve, a plurality of gear sliding grooves which are communicated with the middle parts of two adjacent sides are arranged on the sliding groove plate arranged at the bottom in the axial direction of the second pull wire, and the bottom end of the positioning shaft enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate under the driving of the first pull wire and/or the second pull wire, so that the manual gear simulation operation is realized in a simple and ingenious structure.

Description

Manual gear simulation device of electric automobile and manual gear electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a manual gear simulation device of an electric automobile and the manual gear electric automobile.
Background
Most of the teaching and examination of the current motor vehicle driving training industry and driver examination system is mainly based on fuel vehicles, so that the running vehicles of the training field and the examination field of each driving school are more and concentrated, and the driving is basically performed in a low-gear idle speed mode because the driver learning vehicles, so that the fuel and clutch plates are consumed more, and serious air pollution is caused by tail gas emission. From the standpoint of environmental protection and economy, the new energy electric automobile is utilized to carry out driving training and examination, and the defects can be overcome. Therefore, the electric automobile with the characteristics of no pollution, low energy consumption, high reliability, low maintenance cost and the like becomes the primary choice for driving the training automobile. However, the current electric vehicles are basically automatic gears (the transmission is a single-stage speed reducer and is generally electrically controlled in speed), and the vehicle cannot be driven by a C1 quasi-driving vehicle type without a manual control gear operating mechanism and a clutch pedal mechanism of the manual gear vehicle. Most of the prior solutions are to directly install a clutch and a transmission on an electric automobile to realize the function of manual gear. However, since the motor has an output characteristic of instantaneous large torque, which is different from the torque delay output characteristic of the engine, the clutch is subjected to serious torque impact in the combining process, and the service life of the clutch is seriously influenced. Therefore, the electric automobile with the novel electric automobile manual gear speed change operation simulation device is developed, the use requirements of driving schools and consumers are met, and meanwhile, the electric automobile manual gear speed change operation simulation device has good reliability and durability and has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that in the prior art, an electric automobile is not provided with a manual control gear operating mechanism and a clutch pedal mechanism of the electric automobile, C1 accurate driving practice can not be carried out, and the service life of a clutch can be seriously damaged and vehicle resources are wasted due to the fact that the clutch and a transmission are directly arranged on the electric automobile, the invention provides the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, which can truly and reliably simulate the manual gear shifting operation process in the driving process and provides feasibility and effectiveness for popularization and use of the electric automobile in a driving school place. The invention also relates to a novel manual gear electric automobile comprising the manual gear simulation device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the manual gear-shifting simulation device for the electric automobile comprises a chute board, a mounting frame, a first pull wire, a second pull wire, a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve shaft, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the rotating sleeve shaft, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are arranged in the rotating sleeve and are freely telescopic, the chute board is horizontally and fixedly connected with the mounting frame, the first pull wire and the second pull wire are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the chute board, the first pull wire comprises a first pull wire core and a first pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the first pull wire core, two ends of the first pull wire core outwards extend, the second pull wire comprises a second pull wire core and a second pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the second pull wire core, two ends of the second pull wire core outwards extend, the first wire drawing sleeve and the second wire drawing sleeve are respectively connected with the mounting frame through movable connecting pieces, the rear end of the first wire drawing core and the rear end of the second wire drawing core are respectively used for connecting an external front-rear transmission deflector rod and a left-right transmission deflector rod, the front end of the first wire drawing core is connected with the positioning shaft, the first wire drawing sleeve is rotationally connected with the rotating sleeve through the first connecting pieces, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is rotationally connected with the positioning shaft, the front end of the second wire drawing core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve through the second connecting pieces, the sliding groove plate is arranged below the rotating sleeve and the second connecting pieces, a plurality of gear sliding grooves which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle parts of two adjacent side edges along the axial direction of the second wire drawing, and the bottom end of the positioning shaft enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate under the driving of the first wire drawing and/or the second wire drawing.
Preferably, the movable connecting piece adopts angle irons with holes on two side wings, the rear ends of the first stay wire sleeve and the second stay wire sleeve respectively penetrate through the holes on one side wing of each corresponding angle iron and then are fastened by a fastener, and the other side wing of each angle iron can be connected with the mounting frame in a rotating way through a bolt piece and a spiral gasket.
Preferably, the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft through a bolt, the lower part of the front end of the first pull wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve through a first connecting piece, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is provided with a through hole, the through hole is sleeved with the positioning shaft, and the front end of the second pull wire core is connected with a second connecting piece through a bolt, and the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve.
Preferably, the first connecting piece adopts a movable bearing; and/or the second connecting piece adopts a strip-shaped metal plate, the inner end of the strip-shaped metal plate is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve by adopting a welding process, the long side position of the outer end of the strip-shaped metal plate extends upwards to form an angular extension part, and the front end of the second wire drawing core is rotatably connected with the angular extension part through a bolt piece; and/or, the gear shifting device further comprises an auxiliary sliding block, wherein the auxiliary sliding block is arranged at the forefront end position of the rotating sleeve shaft through a screw, and the bottom area of the auxiliary sliding block is larger than the communication area of the communication part of the gear shifting chute.
The electric automobile with the manual gear comprises an electric automobile body, the electric automobile manual gear simulation device and a manual gear shifting mechanism arranged in a cab of the electric automobile body, wherein the manual gear shifting mechanism comprises an operating rod, a front transmission shifting rod, a rear transmission shifting rod, a left transmission shifting rod and a right transmission shifting rod which are all in transmission connection with the operating rod, a mounting frame of the electric automobile manual gear simulation device is connected with the electric automobile body, and the rear ends of a first wire core and a second wire core are respectively connected with the front transmission shifting rod, the rear transmission shifting rod, the left transmission shifting rod and the right transmission shifting rod; under the action of the operating lever, when the front and rear transmission shifting levers work, the first pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to directly pull the positioning shaft to move back and forth in the gear chute of the chute plate; under the action of the operating lever, when the left and right transmission shifting levers work, the second pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to enable the positioning shaft to move left and right in the gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate.
Preferably, the control lever is a manual control lever with six gears, and the gear sliding grooves comprise a 1-gear sliding groove positioned at the left front of the sliding groove plate, a 2-gear sliding groove positioned at the left rear of the sliding groove plate, a 3-gear sliding groove positioned at the right front of the middle of the sliding groove plate, a 4-gear sliding groove positioned at the right rear of the middle of the sliding groove plate, a 5-gear sliding groove positioned at the right front of the sliding groove plate and a reverse gear sliding groove positioned at the right rear of the sliding groove plate.
Preferably, the manual gear electric automobile further comprises a clutch simulation device, a whole automobile controller, first signal acquisition equipment and second signal acquisition equipment, wherein the whole automobile controller is connected with the first signal acquisition equipment and the second signal acquisition equipment; the first signal acquisition equipment acquires an analog transmission signal of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, the second signal acquisition equipment acquires an analog clutch signal of the clutch simulation device, and the whole automobile controller judges the clutch state and the gear state of the electric automobile according to the analog clutch signal and the analog transmission signal and calculates and processes an output torque signal by combining a brake pedal signal and an accelerator pedal signal so as to drive the electric automobile.
Preferably, the clutch simulation device comprises a compression spring, a pedal crank arm, a first hinge seat, a movable shaft and a second hinge seat which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected with a cab bottom plate of the electric automobile body, the lower part of the middle part of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected with the first hinge seat, the compression spring is arranged between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat and outside the movable shaft, the outer diameter of the compression spring is smaller than that of the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat, the movable shaft comprises a shaft sleeve and a shaft core, the shaft core can retract into the shaft sleeve or freely stretch out of the shaft sleeve, the second hinge seat is fixedly connected with the cab bottom plate of the electric automobile body, and the second signal acquisition equipment is arranged at the fixedly connected position of the pedal crank arm and the cab bottom plate; the second signal acquisition equipment acquires the analog clutch signal generated in the pedal crank arm downward pressure rising process and transmits the analog clutch signal to the whole vehicle controller.
Preferably, the clutch simulation device further comprises an adjusting nut, the adjusting nut is arranged between the first hinge seat and the movable shaft, the compression spring is arranged between the adjusting nut and the second hinge seat, and the outer diameter size of the compression spring is smaller than the outer diameter sizes of the adjusting nut and the second hinge seat.
Preferably, the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device both adopt sensors, an AD conversion circuit is arranged between the first signal acquisition device and the whole vehicle controller and between the second signal acquisition device and the whole vehicle controller, and analog data signals acquired by the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device are converted into digital signals through the AD conversion circuit and then transmitted to the whole vehicle controller.
Preferably, the whole vehicle controller comprises a data receiving circuit, a data analysis processing circuit, a torque calculating circuit and a torque output circuit which are sequentially connected, wherein the torque output circuit is connected to a motor controller of the electric vehicle;
the data receiving circuit receives data signals generated when the first signal acquisition device acquires the positioning shaft and the second signal acquisition device acquires data signals generated in the pedal crank arm descending and ascending process, the data analysis processing circuit judges the clutch state and the gear state according to the received data signals and a preset threshold value, further calculates clutch torque transmission coefficients corresponding to different positions and transmission ratios in different gears according to judgment results, and the torque calculation circuit finally calculates motor output torques under different working conditions based on the clutch torque transmission coefficients corresponding to different positions and the transmission ratios in different gears and combined with an accelerator pedal position signal, a brake pedal position signal and an engine simulation rotating speed signal, and the torque output circuit transmits the motor output torques to the motor controller to further control and drive the electric automobile.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the invention relates to a manual gear-shifting simulation device of an electric automobile, which comprises a sliding groove plate, a mounting frame, a first pull wire, a second pull wire, a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve shaft, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the rotating sleeve shaft is arranged in the rotating sleeve and stretches out and draws back freely, the sliding groove plate is horizontally and fixedly connected with the mounting frame, the first pull wire and the second pull wire are both arranged in parallel along the length direction of the sliding groove plate, the first pull wire comprises a first pull wire core and a first pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the first pull wire core, two ends of the first pull wire core stretch out outwards, the second pull wire comprises a second pull wire core and a second pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the second pull wire core, two ends of the second pull wire core stretch out, the first pull wire sleeve and the second pull wire sleeve are respectively connected with the mounting frame through movable connecting pieces, the rear end of the first pull wire core and the rear end of the second pull wire core are respectively used for connecting an external front-rear driving shifting rod and a left-right driving shifting rod, the front end of the first wire core is connected with the positioning shaft, the first wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve through the first connecting piece, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is rotatably connected with the positioning shaft, the front end of the second wire core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve through the second connecting piece, the sliding groove plate is arranged below the rotating sleeve and the second connecting piece, a plurality of gear sliding grooves which are communicated with the middle parts of two adjacent side edges are arranged on the sliding groove plate along the axial direction of the second wire, the bottom end of the positioning shaft enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate under the drive of the first wire and/or the second wire, the device adopts the two sets of wires to be connected with surrounding parts through the wire sleeve and the wire core of the two sets of wires, the two sets of wires are respectively provided with specific connection and are different in respective connection condition, the front-back transmission shifting rod and the left-right transmission shifting rod respectively pull the first pull wire core and the second pull wire core to move back and forth, the first pull wire core moves back and forth to drive the positioning shaft to move back and forth, meanwhile, the rotating sleeve shaft stretches out and draws back in the rotating sleeve to simulate the manual gear shifting front-back movement process, the second pull wire core moves back and forth to pull the outer end of the second connecting piece to move back and forth to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate around the first connecting piece, the positioning shaft is driven to rotate through the rotating sleeve shaft to form a left-right movement simulating manual gear shifting left-right movement process, the front-back movement of the second pull wire core is converted into the left-right movement of the positioning shaft, the two processes are mutually linked and matched to enable the positioning shaft to be switched back and forth in a plurality of gear sliding grooves of the sliding groove plate to finally complete the gear shifting process simulating manual gear shifting.
Preferably, the first connecting piece in the device adopts a movable bearing, the movable bearing is sensitive to start, has good rotary motion capability, small friction resistance and low power consumption, and can flexibly drive the rotary sleeve to rotate around the movable bearing when the left and right transmission deflector rods pull the second pull wires so as to enable the positioning shaft to move left and right in the gear chute of the chute plate; and/or, the second connecting piece adopts bar metal sheet and bar metal sheet inner end and change cover adoption welding process fixed connection, the long limit position of bar metal sheet outer end upwards stretches out the angle extension, and second stay wire core front end is rotatable with angle extension through the bolt piece, bar metal sheet inner end and change cover adopt welded mode fixed connection can guarantee two motion structure as an organic whole, change the cover and can be according to the drive of bar metal sheet and around movable bearing rotary motion when being restricted the vertical direction motion by movable bearing, angle extension that the bar metal sheet outer end upwards stretches out can also play the effect of supporting the second and act as being connected with the second stay wire core in the vertical direction, prevents that the second from acting as go-between front end downward sloping.
The invention also relates to a novel manual gear electric automobile comprising the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, and the novel manual gear electric automobile further comprises a manual gear shifting mechanism arranged in a cab of an electric automobile body, wherein the manual gear shifting mechanism can be understood as a gear mechanism (an electric control gear or a mechanical gear) for taking off an automatic gear of an original electric automobile, the manual gear shifting mechanism can be replaced by the manual gear shifting mechanism, the structure of the manual gear shifting mechanism can refer to a traditional manual gear shifting mechanism of a gasoline automobile, the manual gear shifting mechanism comprises an operating lever, a front transmission shifting lever, a rear transmission shifting lever, a left transmission shifting lever and a right transmission shifting lever which are all in transmission connection with the operating lever, the mounting frame of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile is connected with the electric automobile body, and the rear ends of a first pull wire core and a second pull wire core are respectively connected with the front transmission shifting lever, the rear transmission shifting lever and the left transmission shifting lever and the right transmission shifting lever; under the action of the operating lever, when the front and rear transmission shifting levers work, the first pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to directly pull the positioning shaft to move back and forth in the gear chute of the chute plate; under the action of an operating lever, when the left-right transmission shifting lever works, the second pull wire pulls the rotary sleeve to enable the positioning shaft to move left and right in the gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate, the electric automobile drives the front-back transmission shifting lever and the left-right transmission shifting lever to respectively pull the first pull wire core and the second pull wire core to move back and forth under the action of the operating lever of the manual gear shifting mechanism, the front-back movement of the first pull wire core drives the positioning shaft to move back and forth while the rotary sleeve shaft is adaptively stretched in the rotary sleeve to simulate the front-back movement process of the manual gear shifting, the front-back movement of the second pull wire core pulls the outer end of the second connecting piece to drive the rotary sleeve to rotate around the first connecting piece to drive the positioning shaft to move left and right through the rotary sleeve shaft, the front-back movement of the second pull wire core is converted into the left-right movement of the positioning shaft, and the two processes are mutually matched to enable the positioning shaft to be switched back and forth in the plurality of gear sliding grooves of the sliding groove plate to finally finish the gear shifting process of the simulated manual gear shifting, the structure design is ingenious, the mechanical transmission fit is reasonable, and the defect that the electric automobile cannot be driven by the electric automobile can not be controlled to drive the manual gear shifting mechanism in the driving technology of the electric automobile to drive the automobile, and the electric automobile can not drive the electric automobile to run in the field of the driving technology.
Preferably, the electric automobile further comprises a clutch simulation device, a whole automobile controller, first signal acquisition equipment and second signal acquisition equipment, wherein the whole automobile controller is connected with the first signal acquisition equipment and the second signal acquisition equipment; the first signal acquisition equipment acquires the simulated transmission signals of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, the second signal acquisition equipment acquires the simulated clutch signals of the clutch simulation device, the whole automobile controller judges the clutch state and the gear state of the electric automobile according to the simulated clutch signals and the simulated transmission signals and calculates and processes the output torque signals by combining the brake pedal signals and the accelerator pedal signals so as to drive the electric automobile, thereby forming the manual gear electric automobile with the manual gear simulation device and the clutch simulation device, fully simulating various different working conditions of the traditional manual gear automobile, realizing the speed change and gear shifting operation of the traditional manual gear automobile on the electric automobile without an actual clutch and a gearbox, enriching the driving experience of the electric automobile, helping the electric automobile to fill the blank that the electric automobile is used as the manual gear automobile for training and examination in the driving test and driving training fields, and having extremely strong practicability.
Preferably, the clutch simulation device comprises a compression spring and a pedal crank arm, a first hinge seat, a movable shaft and a second hinge seat which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected to a cockpit bottom plate of an electric automobile body, meanwhile, the lower part of the middle part of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected with the first hinge seat, the compression spring is arranged between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat and outside the movable shaft, the outer diameter of the compression spring is smaller than that of the first hinge seat and that of the second hinge seat, the movable shaft comprises a shaft sleeve and a shaft core, the shaft core can retract into the shaft sleeve or extend out of the shaft sleeve freely, the second hinge seat is fixedly connected to the cockpit bottom plate of the electric automobile body, the second signal acquisition equipment is arranged at the fixed connection position of the pedal crank arm and the cockpit bottom plate, all parts are matched in a coordinated mode, the structure simulating the pedal position of the clutch is formed, the operation of simulating the manual automobile clutch on the electric automobile is achieved, the problem that in the prior art, the clutch pedal mechanism of the electric automobile without the manual automobile cannot be used for carrying out C1 or the manual automobile is not used for driving, the electric automobile is seriously damaged in the driving field, and the service life of the automobile is seriously damaged due to the fact that the clutch is arranged on the electric automobile is used in the driving field.
Drawings
Fig. 1: the invention relates to a preferable three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a manual gear simulation device of an electric automobile.
Fig. 2: is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3: is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4: is a connection schematic diagram of the structure of the gear chute and the first signal acquisition equipment.
Fig. 5: the clutch simulation device is a preferable structure schematic diagram of the clutch simulation device in the electric automobile.
Fig. 6: the invention relates to a functional block diagram for linkage work among a whole vehicle controller, a manual gear simulation device, a clutch simulation device and related components in an electric vehicle.
Fig. 7: and a logic flow chart for calculating the transmission ratio of the simulated transmission under different gears in order to judge the gear state of the manual gear simulation device.
Fig. 8: logic flow diagram for calculating clutch torque transfer coefficients at different positions for determining clutch states of a clutch simulator.
The reference numbers shown in the figures are listed below:
1-a chute plate; 2-mounting rack; 3-a first pull wire; 4-a second stay wire; 5-positioning shaft; 61-turning sleeve; 62-a swivel shaft; 7-a movable bearing; 8-a strip-shaped metal plate; 9-angle iron; 10-an auxiliary slide block;
11-pedal lever; 12-a first hinge support; 13-a movable shaft; 14-a second hinge support; 15-compressing the spring; 16-adjusting the nut; 17-a second signal acquisition device.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a manual gear-shifting simulation device of an electric automobile, which comprises a sliding groove plate, a mounting rack, a first pull wire, a second pull wire, a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve shaft, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the rotating sleeve shaft, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are arranged in the rotating sleeve and are freely telescopic, the sliding groove plate is horizontally and fixedly connected with the mounting rack, the first pull wire and the second pull wire are both arranged in parallel along the length direction of the sliding groove plate, the first pull wire comprises a first pull wire core and a first pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the first pull wire core, the two ends of the first pull wire core extend outwards, the second pull wire comprises a second pull wire core and a second pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the second pull wire core, the two ends of the second pull wire core extend outwards, the first pull wire sleeve and the second pull wire sleeve are respectively connected with the mounting rack through movable connecting pieces, the first pull rear end and the second pull wire core rear end are respectively used for connecting an external front-rear transmission shifting rod and a left-right transmission shifting rod, the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft, the first pull wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve through a first connecting piece, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is rotatably connected with the positioning shaft, the front end of the second pull wire core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve through a second connecting piece, the sliding groove plate is arranged below the rotating sleeve and the second connecting piece, a plurality of gear sliding grooves communicated with each other are formed in the middle of two adjacent side edges of the sliding groove plate along the axial direction of the second pull wire, the bottom end of the positioning shaft enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate under the driving of the first pull wire and/or the second pull wire, the device has ingenious structural design and reasonable mechanical transmission fit, and all parts are mutually matched in a linkage way so that the positioning shaft is switched back and forth in the plurality of gear sliding grooves of the sliding groove plate to finally finish the gear shifting process of simulating manual gear shifting, the simulation of manual gear shifting operation is fully realized, and the simulation behavior is true and reliable.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a manual gear simulation device of an electric automobile, which combines a three-dimensional structure diagram, a front view and a top view of a preferred structure shown in figures 1-3, and comprises a sliding groove plate 1, a mounting frame 2, a first pull wire 3, a second pull wire 4, a positioning shaft 5, a rotating sleeve 61, a rotating sleeve shaft 62 which is arranged in the rotating sleeve and stretches freely, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the sliding groove plate 1 is horizontally and fixedly connected with the mounting frame 2, the first pull wire 3 and the second pull wire 4 are both arranged in parallel along the length direction of the sliding groove plate 1, the first pull wire 3 comprises a first pull wire core and a first pull wire sleeve which is wrapped outside the first pull wire core, two ends of the first pull wire core extend outwards, the second pull wire 4 comprises a second pull wire core and a second pull wire sleeve which is wrapped outside the second pull wire core, and two ends of the second pull wire core extend outwards, the first pull wire sleeve and the second pull wire sleeve are respectively connected with the mounting frame 2 through movable connecting pieces, the rear end of the first pull wire core and the rear end of the second pull wire core are respectively used for connecting an external front-rear transmission deflector rod and a left-right transmission deflector rod, the movable connecting pieces particularly preferably adopt angle irons 9 with openings on two side wings as shown in figures 1-3, the rear end of the first pull wire sleeve and the rear end of the second pull wire sleeve respectively penetrate through the openings on one side wing of each corresponding angle iron 9 and are fastened by fastening pieces, the other side wing of each angle iron 9 is rotatably connected with the mounting frame 2 through bolt pieces and spiral gaskets, the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft 5, particularly the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft 5 through the bolt pieces, the first pull wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve 61 through the first connecting pieces, and the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft 62 is rotatably connected with the positioning shaft 5, the lower part of the front end of the first wire drawing sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve 61 through a first connecting piece, meanwhile, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft 62 is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is sleeved on the positioning shaft 5 to realize rotatable connection with the positioning shaft 5, however, other rotary connection modes such as clamping rotation and the like can be adopted; the front end of the second pull wire core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve 61 through a second connecting piece, in this embodiment, the front end of the second pull wire core is connected with the second connecting piece through a bolt piece, meanwhile, the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve 61, the sliding groove plate 1 is arranged below the rotating sleeve 61 and the second connecting piece, a plurality of gear sliding grooves (the king-shaped sliding grooves below the positioning shaft 5 are shown in fig. 1 and 3) which are communicated with each other in the middle part of two adjacent sides are arranged below the sliding groove plate 1 along the axial direction of the second pull wire 4, the bottom end of the positioning shaft 5 enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate 1 under the driving of the first pull wire 3 and/or the second pull wire 4, the device is convenient, simple and reliable to install, the first pull wire 3 and the second pull wire 4 belong to the linkage pull wire rods in the front-back direction and the left-right direction, and the sliding groove plate 1, the positioning shaft 5 and the rotating sleeve 61 form a linkage mechanism for simulating the gear and the gear, the device further pulls the first pull wire core and the second pull wire core to move back and forth through the back and forth transmission shifting lever and the left and right transmission shifting lever, the back and forth movement of the first pull wire core drives the positioning shaft 5 to move back and forth, the rotating sleeve shaft 62 is adaptive to simulate the manual gear shifting back and forth movement process in the rotating sleeve 61, the back and forth movement of the outer end of the second connecting piece is pulled by the back and forth movement of the second pull wire core to drive the rotating sleeve 61 to rotate around the first connecting piece, the positioning shaft 5 is driven to rotate through the rotating sleeve shaft 62 to form a left and right movement simulating the manual gear shifting left and right movement process, the back and forth movement of the second pull wire core is converted into the left and right movement of the positioning shaft 5, the two processes are mutually in linkage and cooperation to enable the positioning shaft 5 to be switched back and forth in a plurality of gear sliding grooves of the sliding groove plates 1 to finally complete the gear shifting process simulating the manual gear shifting, the structural design is ingenious, the mechanical transmission cooperation is reasonable, the manual gear shifting mechanism has the advantages that the simulation of manual gear shifting operation is fully realized, the simulation behavior is real and reliable, the requirement of the electric automobile in the process of refitting the automatic gear into the manual gear is effectively met, the manual gear shifting mechanism with a novel structure is provided, the electric automobile can be used as a driver training car and an examination car in the form of a manual gear motor vehicle, the gear shifting operation under any simulation driving scene such as a simulated driver, a somatosensory racing game machine and the like can be realized, and the experience of a user is enhanced.
Preferably, the first connecting piece adopts the movable bearing 7, the movable bearing 7 is started sensitively, has good rotary motion capability, small friction resistance and low power loss, and meanwhile, in the specific application, the left and right transmission deflector rod can drive the rotating sleeve 61 to rotate around the movable bearing 7 more flexibly when pulling the second stay wire 4, so that the positioning shaft 5 moves left and right in the gear chute of the chute plate 1; and/or the second connecting piece adopts a strip-shaped metal plate 8, the inner end of the strip-shaped metal plate 8 is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve 61 by adopting a welding process, the long edge position of the outer end of the strip-shaped metal plate 8 extends upwards to form an angular extension part, and the front end of the second wire core is rotatably connected with the angular extension part through a bolt piece; the inner end of the strip-shaped metal plate 8 is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve in a welding mode, so that an integral movement structure of the inner end and the rotating sleeve can be ensured, the rotating sleeve 61 can rotate around the movable bearing 7 according to the driving of the strip-shaped metal plate 8 when the vertical movement of the rotating sleeve is limited by the movable bearing 7, and an angular extension part extending upwards from the outer end of the strip-shaped metal plate 8 can also play a role in supporting the second stay wire 4 in the vertical direction while being connected with the second stay wire core so as to prevent the front end of the second stay wire 4 from tilting downwards or sinking; and/or, the device preferably further comprises an auxiliary slide block, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary slide block 10 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the forefront position of the rotating sleeve shaft 62 through two screws, the bottom area of the auxiliary slide block 10 is larger than the communication area of the communication part of the gear slide groove so as to ensure that the auxiliary slide block 10 does not sink into the gear slide groove, and meanwhile, the auxiliary slide block 10 can play a role of fixedly supporting the positioning shaft 5 to prevent the positioning shaft from sinking.
The invention also relates to a novel manual gear electric automobile comprising the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, which comprises an electric automobile body, and further comprises a manual gear shifting mechanism arranged in a cab of the electric automobile body, wherein the manual gear shifting mechanism comprises an operating lever, a front transmission shifting lever, a rear transmission shifting lever, a left transmission shifting lever and a right transmission shifting lever which are all in transmission connection with the operating lever, a mounting frame of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile is connected with the electric automobile body, and the rear ends of a first wire drawing core and a second wire drawing core are respectively connected with the front transmission shifting lever, the rear transmission shifting lever and the left transmission shifting lever; under the action of the operating lever, when the front and rear transmission shifting levers work, the first pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to directly pull the positioning shaft to move back and forth in the gear chute of the chute plate; under the action of the control rod, when the transmission deflector rod is stirred left and right to work, the second pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to enable the positioning shaft to move left and right in the gear chute of the chute plate, so that the operation can be understood as follows: the original automatic gear shifting mechanism (electric control gear or mechanical gear) of the traditional electric automobile (preferably pure electric automobile or oil-electric hybrid electric automobile) is removed, the manual gear shifting mechanism (also called as manual gear shifting bar mechanism) and the manual gear shifting simulation device of the electric automobile shown in the figure 1 are shifted, the first pull wire 3 is connected to the left and right transmission shift levers, the second pull wire 4 is connected to the front and rear transmission shift levers, the manual gear shifting simulation device of the electric automobile can be fixed at the idle position in the electric automobile body, the electric automobile drives the front and rear transmission shift levers and the left and right transmission shift levers to respectively pull the first pull wire core and the second pull wire core to move back and forth under the action of the operating lever of the manual gear shifting mechanism, the front and rear movement of the first pull wire core drives the positioning shaft 5 to move back and forth in the gear sliding groove, and the sleeve shaft 62 is adapted to stretch in the sleeve 61 to simulate the front and rear movement process of the manual gear shifting, the front-back movement of the second pull wire core pulls the outer end of the second connecting piece to move back and forth and then drives the rotating sleeve 61 to rotate around the first connecting piece, and then drives the positioning shaft 5 to rotate through the rotating sleeve shaft 62 to form a left-right movement simulating manual gear shifting left-right movement process, the front-back movement of the second pull wire core is converted into the left-right movement of the positioning shaft 5 in the gear sliding grooves, the two processes are mutually linked and matched to ensure that the positioning shaft 5 is switched back and forth in the gear sliding grooves of the sliding groove plate to finally complete the gear shifting process simulating manual gear shifting, the structural design is ingenious, the mechanical transmission matching is reasonable, the defect that the manual control gear operating mechanism of the electric automobile without manual gear cannot conduct C1 accurate driving exercise and the like in the prior art is fundamentally solved, the application of the electric automobile in the field of driving test driving and training is possible, further preferably, the lever is a manual lever corresponding to six gear positions, and the structure of the gear position sliding groove is as shown in fig. 4, and includes a 1-gear sliding groove located at the left front of the sliding groove plate, a 2-gear sliding groove located at the left rear of the sliding groove plate, a 3-gear sliding groove located at the middle and right front of the sliding groove plate, a 4-gear sliding groove located at the middle and right rear of the sliding groove plate, a 5-gear sliding groove located at the right front of the sliding groove plate and a reverse gear sliding groove located at the right rear of the sliding groove plate, so that when the gear positions are respectively engaged in the 1-5 gear positions and the reverse gear positions, the first pull wire and the second pull wire can be combined to drive the positioning shaft to have 6 different azimuth states, as in the conventional manual gear automobile gear positions, namely: when the gear is engaged, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a 1-gear chute at the left front part of the chute plate, when the gear is engaged with the gear 2, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a 2-gear chute at the left rear part of the chute plate, when the gear is engaged with the gear 3, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a 3-gear chute at the right front part of the middle of the chute plate, when the gear is engaged with the gear 4, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a 4-gear chute at the right rear part of the chute plate, when the gear is engaged with the gear 5, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a 5-gear chute at the right front part of the chute plate, and when the gear is engaged with the gear, the positioning shaft is driven to enter a reverse gear chute at the right rear part of the chute plate, so that the operation property of the manual gear is accurately and truly simulated.
Preferably, the novel manual gear electric automobile further comprises a clutch simulation device, a whole automobile controller, a first signal acquisition device and a second signal acquisition device 17 (shown in fig. 5), wherein the whole automobile controller is connected with the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device 17; the first signal acquisition device acquires the analog transmission signal of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, and preferably can be arranged below a plurality of gear sliding grooves to acquire the analog transmission signal, as shown in fig. 4, the first signal acquisition device adopts a sensor and is arranged at the gear sliding grooves of 1-6 gears to acquire the analog transmission signal, the second signal acquisition device 17 acquires the analog clutch signal of the clutch simulation device, and the whole automobile controller judges the clutch state and the gear state of the electric automobile according to the analog clutch signal and the analog transmission signal and calculates and processes the output torque signal by combining a brake pedal signal and an accelerator pedal signal so as to drive the electric automobile.
As shown in fig. 5, the clutch simulation device in the novel manual gear electric automobile comprises a compression spring 15, and a pedal crank arm 11, a first hinged support 12, a movable shaft 13 and a second hinged support 14 which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end of the pedal crank arm 11 is fixedly connected with a cockpit bottom plate of the electric automobile body, meanwhile, the lower part of the middle part of the pedal crank arm 11 is fixedly connected with the first hinged support 12, the compression spring 15 is arranged between the first hinged support 12 and the second hinged support 12 and outside the movable shaft 13, the outer diameter of the compression spring 15 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first hinged support 12 and the outer diameter of the second hinged support 14, the movable shaft 13 preferably comprises a shaft sleeve and a shaft core, the shaft core can freely retract into the shaft sleeve or freely extend out of the shaft sleeve, the second hinged support 14 is fixedly connected with the cockpit bottom plate of the electric automobile body, and the second signal acquisition equipment 17 can be arranged at the fixedly connected position of the pedal crank arm 11 and the cockpit bottom plate; the second signal acquisition equipment 17 acquires an analog clutch signal generated in the process of the downward pressure rising of the pedal crank arm 11 and transmits the analog clutch signal to the whole vehicle controller; further, the clutch simulation device in the novel manual gear electric automobile preferably further comprises an adjusting nut 16, as shown in fig. 5, the adjusting nut 16 is arranged between the first hinging seat 12 and the movable shaft 13, a compression spring 15 is arranged between the adjusting nut 16 and the second hinging seat 14, the outer diameter of the compression spring 15 is smaller than that of the adjusting nut 16 and that of the second hinging seat 14, the device is convenient to install, simple and reliable, the pedal crank arm 11 can adopt a clutch pedal (hereinafter simply referred to as a pedal) of a traditional manual gear gasoline automobile, the first hinging seat 12, the second hinging seat 14, the movable shaft 13 and the compression spring 15 form a structure for simulating clutch stepping resistance and return, the device is further arranged at a free clutch position of an electric automobile body cab, the pedal crank arm 11 drives an axle core of the movable shaft 13 to move inwards, the compression spring 15 is compressed together, the pedal is stopped when the pedal is stepped on, the pedal crank arm 11 releases under the reaction force (restoring force) of the compression spring 15, the axle core of the movable shaft 13 also can be in an initial state, and therefore the device can be effectively changed into a mode of automatically setting the manual gear electric automobile through the clutch simulation device when the manual gear electric automobile is stepped on, the manual gear device can be used as a new clutch training device, and the manual gear can be adjusted by the driver through the manual clutch simulation device.
Preferably, the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device 17 all adopt sensors, an AD conversion circuit is arranged between the first signal acquisition device and the whole vehicle controller and between the second signal acquisition device 17 and the whole vehicle controller, analog data signals acquired by the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device 17 are converted into digital signals through the AD conversion circuit and then transmitted to the whole vehicle controller, analog transmission signals of the manual gear analog device of the electric vehicle and analog clutch signals of the clutch analog device can be acquired rapidly, accurately and in real time through the sensors, the electric vehicle is efficient and convenient, and the analog signals are digitized into effective signals which can be recognized and utilized by the whole vehicle controller through the AD conversion circuit.
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the linkage operation between the whole vehicle controller and the manual gear simulation device, the clutch simulation device and related components in the electric vehicle, as shown in the figure, the whole vehicle controller receives the voltage signal of the manual gear simulation device transmitted by the first signal acquisition device, converts the voltage signal into a digital signal through the AD conversion circuit, then judges the gear state (in which gear) of the analog transmission, and then converts the position signal of the clutch simulation device transmitted by the first signal acquisition device into a digital signal through the AD conversion circuit, then judges the clutch state (combination state, half-linkage state and separation state) of the analog clutch, meanwhile, the whole vehicle controller also receives the braking signal of the brake pedal, the acceleration signal of the accelerator pedal and the battery system signal through the CAN bus, finally calculates the torque magnitude comprehensively and outputs the torque signal to the motor controller, and further drives the electric vehicle, realizes the speed change operation of the traditional manual gear vehicle and the simulation of various working conditions of the traditional manual gear vehicle on the electric vehicle without the traditional clutch and the traditional transmission, and further combines with FIG. 6, and the whole vehicle controller comprises a data receiving circuit, a data analysis processing circuit, a calculation circuit and a torque output circuit which are connected in sequence, and a torque control circuit connected to the electric vehicle; wherein the data receiving circuit receives data signals generated when the first signal acquisition equipment acquires the positioning shaft and the second signal acquisition equipment acquires the data signals generated in the process of the pedal crank arm pressing and rising, the data analysis processing circuit judges the clutch state and the gear state according to the received data signals and combining with a preset threshold value, and further calculates clutch torque transmission coefficients and transmission ratios in different gears corresponding to different positions according to judging results, the first signal acquisition equipment preferably adopts 6 voltage sensors to be respectively arranged below the gear sliding grooves of 1-gear to 5-gear and reverse gear and the voltage sensors to be arranged below the gear sliding grooves of the neutral gear, the position of the positioning shaft in the manual gear analog device is detected by 7 voltage sensors, voltage analog signals corresponding to 0-5V are output, the voltage analog signals are converted into digital signals through an AD conversion circuit and then combined with preset gear signal thresholds (preferably, the gear signal thresholds of 7 gears are all C1, C1 can take any value in 0-5V, such as 4V), the gear state of the existing gear is judged, the speed change and gear shifting function of the manual gear automobile is realized, the second signal acquisition equipment preferably adopts a position sensor, the position sensor detects the voltage analog signals corresponding to 0-5V output by the position signals of the clutch pedal in the clutch analog device, the voltage analog signals are converted into digital signals through the AD conversion circuit and then combined with the preset clutch signal thresholds (preferably, the first threshold of the clutch signal is set to be C2, the second threshold to be C3, the C2 to be C3 to be 1V, the C2 to be 1V for example, c3 is 3V), the state of the clutch is judged, specifically, the gear state of the manual gear simulation device is judged, the logic flow of calculating the transmission ratio of the simulation transmission in different gears is shown as a graph 7, the voltage sensor preferably adopts Hall sensors, 7 Hall sensors are used for respectively collecting signals in real time at 7 gear positions, judgment is carried out according to the sequence from gear 1-5 to reverse gear to neutral gear, when the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 1 is larger than a threshold value C1=4V, the transmission ratio t1 of the simulation transmission in the 1 gear is judged at the moment, when the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 1 is not larger than the threshold value C1=4V, whether the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 2 is larger than the threshold value C1=4V is continuously judged, if the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 3 is not larger than the threshold value C1=4V is continuously judged, and if the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 3 is not larger than the threshold value C1=4V is continuously calculated, and if the signal value of the Hall sensor at the position 3 is not larger than the threshold value is continuously judged, and if the signal value of the transmission ratio at the position 3 is not larger than the threshold value is continuously calculated, and if the signal value of the transmission ratio is not larger than the threshold value is calculated at the position 3 is continuously judged; the logic flow of judging the clutch state of the clutch simulation device and calculating the clutch torque transmission coefficient at different positions is shown in fig. 8, the position sensor collects the position signal of the clutch pedal in the clutch simulation device in real time, firstly, compared with a first threshold value C2=1V, if the position signal of the clutch pedal is smaller than the first threshold value C2=1V, the clutch simulation device is judged to be in a separation state at the moment, the data analysis circuit is utilized to calculate the clutch torque transmission coefficient at the position, if the position signal is not smaller than the first threshold value C2=1V, whether the clutch pedal position signal is smaller than a second threshold value C3=3V is continuously judged, if the position signal is smaller than the second threshold value C3=3V, the clutch is judged to be in a semi-linkage state, the data analysis circuit is utilized to calculate the clutch torque transmission coefficient at the position, if the position signal is not smaller than the second threshold value C3=3V, the clutch torque transmission coefficient under the position is directly calculated by utilizing a data analysis circuit, then the motor output torque under different working conditions is finally calculated by a torque calculation circuit based on clutch torque transmission coefficients corresponding to different positions and transmission ratios under different gears and combining an accelerator pedal position signal, a brake pedal position signal, a battery system signal provided by a battery management system and an engine simulation rotating speed signal, the motor output torque is transmitted to a motor controller by a torque output circuit so as to control and drive an electric automobile, specifically, the engine simulation rotating speed is calculated by the whole automobile controller according to a vehicle speed reverse pushing method, the simulated engine output torque under different working conditions is calculated by a two-dimensional linear interpolation method according to an accelerator pedal accelerating signal, a brake pedal braking signal and an engine simulation rotating speed and combining the power transmission characteristics of a traditional gasoline engine, and simultaneously, according to a vehicle speed signal, a clutch position signal and a simulated engine rotating speed, the vibration torque is output through the motor, the working condition that the engine rotating speed is too low due to improper combination of the clutch and the like is caused to shake the electric automobile is realized, the running state of the electric automobile is judged according to the simulated engine rotating speed signal of the electric automobile, when the rotating speed is too low, the whole automobile controller sends a flameout signal, the whole automobile is under high pressure, and the flameout working condition of the traditional manual automobile is simulated.
Calculating:
the analog transmission of the electric automobile mainly comprises a manual gear analog device and 7 sensors (the number of gears and the number of the sensors can be reduced or increased), and is arranged at the position of an automatic gear shifting stop lever of the automatic gear electric automobile, when a driver needs to hang in a certain gear according to the driving intention and the running working condition of the electric automobile, a gear shifting control lever connected with the manual gear analog device is shifted to the gear, the sensors under the gear output analog signals of about 5V, the sensors under other 6 positions do not output analog signals, the analog signals are converted into digital signals through an AD conversion circuit, the whole automobile controller realizes the switching of the transmission under different gears in a digital control mode according to the output signals measured by the sensors under different positions, and meanwhile, the transmission ratio t of the analog transmission under different gears is calculated according to different gears output by the analog transmission t 。
The simulated clutch of the electric automobile is mainly characterized by being stepped on by a clutchThe automobile brake pedal control system comprises a plate (pedal crank arm) and a sensor (second signal acquisition equipment), and is arranged on the left side of a brake pedal of an automatic electric automobile (the mounting position of a clutch pedal of a traditional manual fuel oil vehicle), a driver presses the clutch pedal when power is required to be cut off according to driving intention, the clutch pedal is lifted when power is required to be combined, the sensor outputs 0-5V analog quantity signals according to the change of the position of the clutch pedal, the analog quantity signals are converted into digital quantity signals through AD conversion, the automobile controller realizes the states of combination, separation, half linkage and the like of the clutch in a digital control mode according to the position signals of the clutch pedal detected by the sensor, and simultaneously calculates the torque transmission coefficients t of the clutch pedal at different positions through a nonlinear interpolation method c 。
Then, calculating the simulated rotating speed of the engine, and calculating the simulated rotating speed of the engine by using a vehicle speed reverse pushing mode in order to simulate special working conditions such as flameout of the electric vehicle caused by the too low rotating speed of the engine and the like: when the electric automobile is in neutral gear or the clutch is separated and the accelerator pedal signal is equal to 0, the simulated engine idle speed is 800rpm, and when the electric automobile is in neutral gear or the clutch is separated and the accelerator pedal signal is greater than 0, a nonlinear interpolation method is adopted to calculate the simulated engine speeds at different accelerator pedal positions; when the electric automobile simulation clutch is in half linkage/combination, the gear of the electric automobile is in a non-neutral gear and the speed of the electric automobile is equal to 0, calculating a change curve of the engine speed along with the position of a clutch pedal in the state by an interpolation method, so as to calculate the engine simulation speeds at different accelerator pedal positions; when the electric automobile simulates the half-linkage/combination of the clutch, the gear of the electric automobile is in a non-neutral gear and the speed of the automobile is greater than 0, the transmission ratio t of the transmission in different gears is simulated according to the speed V t Main reduction ratio t of standard manual gear traditional fuel vehicle final Rolling radius R of wheel and torque transmission coefficient t of clutch c The simulated rotating speed of the reverse pushing engine is calculated by the following formula:
then, calculating the output torque of the motor of the whole vehicle, building a map of the output torque of the motor, and calculating the output torque T of the engine at different accelerator pedal positions and simulated engine speeds by a binary function interpolation method engine The torque transmission coefficient t of the electric automobile in different clutch states is simulated through the clutch simulation device c Simulation of the transmission through the manual gear simulation device simulates the traditional ratio t of the electric automobile in different gears t The whole vehicle controller can calculate the output torque of the vehicle wheels according to different clutch torque transmission coefficients and transmission ratios in different gears, and the output torque is as follows:
T wheel ＝T engine ×α×t t ×t final (2)
wherein t is final The main speed reducer ratio of the manual gear fuel oil vehicle is the target.
An automatic gear electric automobile (the speed changer is a single-stage speed reducer) is adopted to simulate a manual gear electric automobile, and wheel torque calculated through the simulated speed changer and a driving motor pass through the single-stage speed reducer (the transmission ratio of the single-stage speed reducer is t single ) The torque transmitted to the wheels is the same, and therefore, the motor outputs torque T motor Can be expressed as:
when the traditional manual gear fuel oil vehicle starts or is in wrong gear operation, the engine speed is too low and continues for a period of time and can be flameout, if the electric vehicle is required to simulate the flameout working condition of the fuel oil vehicle, the main judgment basis of flameout of the electric vehicle is the speed of the engine, therefore, according to the flameout speed threshold value of the target manual gear fuel oil vehicle, the timing is set to start when the simulated engine speed is lower than the threshold value, if the timing time is longer than 1 second, the torque controller sends flameout signals to the whole vehicle controller, the whole vehicle is under high pressure, flameout working condition is simulated, if the speed is recovered to be greater than the threshold value in the timing process, the timing is stopped, and flameout is not carried out.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, but do not limit it in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or equivalent, and in all cases, all technical solutions and modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The manual gear shifting simulation device for the electric automobile is characterized by comprising a chute board, a mounting frame, a first pull wire, a second pull wire, a positioning shaft, a rotating sleeve shaft, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, wherein the rotating sleeve shaft, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are arranged in the rotating sleeve and are freely telescopic, the chute board is horizontally and fixedly connected with the mounting frame, the first pull wire and the second pull wire are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the chute board, the first pull wire comprises a first pull wire core and a first pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the first pull wire core, two ends of the first pull wire core outwards extend, the second pull wire comprises a second pull wire core and a second pull wire sleeve wrapped outside the second pull wire core, two ends of the second pull wire core outwards extend, the first wire drawing sleeve and the second wire drawing sleeve are respectively connected with the mounting frame through movable connecting pieces, the rear end of the first wire drawing core and the rear end of the second wire drawing core are respectively used for connecting an external front-rear transmission deflector rod and a left-right transmission deflector rod, the front end of the first wire drawing core is connected with the positioning shaft, the first wire drawing sleeve is rotationally connected with the rotating sleeve through the first connecting pieces, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is rotationally connected with the positioning shaft, the front end of the second wire drawing core is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve through the second connecting pieces, the sliding groove plate is arranged below the rotating sleeve and the second connecting pieces, a plurality of gear sliding grooves which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle parts of two adjacent side edges along the axial direction of the second wire drawing, and the bottom end of the positioning shaft enters into each gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate under the driving of the first wire drawing and/or the second wire drawing.
2. The manual gear simulation device for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the movable connecting piece is made of angle irons with holes on two side wings, the rear ends of the first pull wire sleeve and the second pull wire sleeve respectively penetrate through the holes on one side wing of each corresponding angle iron and then are fastened by a fastening piece, and the other side wing of each angle iron is rotatably connected with the mounting frame through a bolt piece and a spiral gasket.
3. The manual gear simulation device of an electric automobile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front end of the first pull wire core is connected with the positioning shaft through a bolt, the lower part of the front end of the first pull wire sleeve is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve through the first connecting piece, the front end of the rotating sleeve shaft is provided with a through hole, the through hole is sleeved on the positioning shaft, and the front end of the second pull wire core is connected with the second connecting piece through the bolt, and the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve.
4. The electric vehicle manual gear simulation device according to claim 3, wherein the first connecting piece adopts a movable bearing;
and/or the second connecting piece adopts a strip-shaped metal plate, the inner end of the strip-shaped metal plate is fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve by adopting a welding process, the long side position of the outer end of the strip-shaped metal plate extends upwards to form an angular extension part, and the front end of the second wire drawing core is rotatably connected with the angular extension part through a bolt piece;
And/or, the gear shifting device further comprises an auxiliary sliding block, wherein the auxiliary sliding block is arranged at the forefront end position of the rotating sleeve shaft through a screw, and the bottom area of the auxiliary sliding block is larger than the communication area of the communication part of the gear shifting chute.
5. The manual gear electric automobile comprises an electric automobile body and is characterized by further comprising the manual gear simulation device for the electric automobile according to one of claims 1 to 4, and further comprising a manual gear shifting mechanism arranged in a cab of the electric automobile body, wherein the manual gear shifting mechanism comprises an operating rod, a front transmission shifting rod, a rear transmission shifting rod, a left transmission shifting rod and a right transmission shifting rod which are all in transmission connection with the operating rod, a mounting frame of the manual gear simulation device for the electric automobile is connected with the electric automobile body, and the rear ends of the first pull wire core and the second pull wire core are respectively connected with the front transmission shifting rod, the rear transmission shifting rod and the left transmission shifting rod; under the action of the operating lever, when the front and rear transmission shifting levers work, the first pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to directly pull the positioning shaft to move back and forth in the gear chute of the chute plate; under the action of the operating lever, when the left and right transmission shifting levers work, the second pull wire pulls the rotating sleeve to enable the positioning shaft to move left and right in the gear sliding groove of the sliding groove plate.
6. The manual transmission electric vehicle of claim 5, wherein the lever is a six-position manual lever, and the shift gates include a 1-position gate located in front of the left side of the runner plate, a 2-position gate located in rear of the left side of the runner plate, a 3-position gate located in front of the middle of the runner plate, a 4-position gate located in front of the middle of the runner plate, a 5-position gate located in front of the right side of the runner plate, and a reverse-position gate located in rear of the right side of the runner plate.
7. The manual transmission electric vehicle of claim 5 or 6, further comprising a clutch simulator, a vehicle controller, a first signal acquisition device and a second signal acquisition device, wherein the vehicle controller is connected with the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device; the first signal acquisition equipment acquires an analog transmission signal of the manual gear simulation device of the electric automobile, the second signal acquisition equipment acquires an analog clutch signal of the clutch simulation device, and the whole automobile controller judges the clutch state and the gear state of the electric automobile according to the analog clutch signal and the analog transmission signal and calculates and processes an output torque signal by combining a brake pedal signal and an accelerator pedal signal so as to drive the electric automobile.
8. The manual transmission electric automobile according to claim 7, wherein the clutch simulation device comprises a compression spring, a pedal crank arm, a first hinge seat, a movable shaft and a second hinge seat which are sequentially connected, the front end of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected to a cab floor of the electric automobile body, the lower part of the middle part of the pedal crank arm is fixedly connected with the first hinge seat, the compression spring is arranged between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat and outside the movable shaft, the outer diameter of the compression spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the first hinge seat and the outer diameter of the second hinge seat, the movable shaft comprises a shaft sleeve and a shaft core, the shaft core can retract into the shaft sleeve or freely extend out of the shaft sleeve, the second hinge seat is fixedly connected to the cab floor of the electric automobile body, and the second signal acquisition equipment is arranged at the fixedly connected position of the pedal crank arm and the cab floor; the second signal acquisition equipment acquires the analog clutch signal generated in the pedal crank arm downward pressure rising process and transmits the analog clutch signal to the whole vehicle controller.
9. The manual transmission electric vehicle of claim 8, wherein the clutch simulation device further comprises an adjustment nut disposed between the first and second hinge bases, the compression spring disposed between the adjustment nut and the second hinge base, and an outer diameter of the compression spring being smaller than an outer diameter of the adjustment nut and the second hinge base.
10. The manual transmission electric automobile according to claim 7, wherein the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device are respectively provided with a sensor, an AD conversion circuit is respectively arranged between the first signal acquisition device and the whole automobile controller and between the second signal acquisition device and the whole automobile controller, and analog data signals acquired by the first signal acquisition device and the second signal acquisition device are respectively converted into digital signals through the AD conversion circuit and then transmitted to the whole automobile controller.
11. The manual transmission electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the vehicle controller comprises a data receiving circuit, a data analyzing and processing circuit, a torque calculating circuit and a torque output circuit which are sequentially connected, and the torque output circuit is connected to a motor controller of the electric vehicle;
the data receiving circuit receives data signals generated when the first signal acquisition device acquires the positioning shaft and the second signal acquisition device acquires data signals generated in the pedal crank arm descending and ascending process, the data analysis processing circuit judges the clutch state and the gear state according to the received data signals and a preset threshold value, further calculates clutch torque transmission coefficients corresponding to different positions and transmission ratios in different gears according to judgment results, and the torque calculation circuit finally calculates motor output torques under different working conditions based on the clutch torque transmission coefficients corresponding to different positions and the transmission ratios in different gears and combined with an accelerator pedal position signal, a brake pedal position signal and an engine simulation rotating speed signal, and the torque output circuit transmits the motor output torques to the motor controller to further control and drive the electric automobile.
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