CN109604769B - Method for welding annular workpiece - Google Patents
Method for welding annular workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604769B CN109604769B CN201910011303.6A CN201910011303A CN109604769B CN 109604769 B CN109604769 B CN 109604769B CN 201910011303 A CN201910011303 A CN 201910011303A CN 109604769 B CN109604769 B CN 109604769B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method of an annular workpiece, and belongs to the technical field of welding. The welding method comprises the following steps: forming a build-up welding groove on the end surface and the inner wall of the annular workpiece; forming an annular welding seam at the side wall of a overlaying groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece, wherein the annular welding seam comprises welding beads which are sequentially laminated, and the partial area of the last welding bead on the annular welding seam extends out of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove; fully welding the surfacing groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece; forming the annular weld at a sidewall of a build-up weld groove on an end face of the annular workpiece; and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece. The method can prevent the condition that the overlaying layer is separated from the annular workpiece due to the layering of the copper-steel joint surface when the copper alloy is overlaid on the annular workpiece of the low-carbon quenched and tempered steel, and ensure the quality of the copper overlaying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding method of an annular workpiece.
Background
The build-up welding is a welding method in which metal is melted by electric welding or gas welding and is built up on a tool or a machine part. Currently, it is usually necessary to weld a copper alloy (CuAl) on the inner wall and the end face of the annular workpiece by overlaying10Fe5Ni5) So as to improve the wear resistance of the annular workpiece.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
when the annular workpiece is low-carbon quenched and tempered steel, the total content of alloy elements is more than 3%, so that the annular workpiece has a high hardening tendency and a high cold cracking tendency, surfacing is difficult to carry out, and a copper-steel joint surface is easy to delaminate during surfacing, so that a surfacing layer is separated from the annular workpiece, and the quality of the surfacing copper cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for welding an annular workpiece, which can prevent a copper-steel joint surface from being layered to cause separation of a surfacing layer from the annular workpiece when a copper alloy is surfacing-welded on the annular workpiece made of low-carbon quenched and tempered steel, and ensure the quality of the copper surfacing. The technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a welding method of an annular workpiece, which comprises the following steps: forming a build-up welding groove on the end surface and the inner wall of the annular workpiece; forming an annular welding seam at the side wall of a overlaying groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece, wherein the annular welding seam comprises welding beads which are sequentially laminated, and the partial area of the last welding bead on the annular welding seam extends out of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove; fully welding the surfacing groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece; forming the annular weld at a sidewall of a build-up weld groove on an end face of the annular workpiece; and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece.
Further, the bead weld groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece has a cylindrical side surface and an annular bottom surface extending to an inner wall of the annular workpiece in a radial direction of the annular workpiece, and forming the annular weld at the side wall of the bead weld groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece includes: welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the intersection of the cylindrical side surface and the annular bottom surface to form an annular first-layer weld bead; forming a plurality of passes, one after the other, over the first pass to form the annular weld at the end face of the annular workpiece.
Further, the bead weld groove on the inner wall of annular workpiece has tube-shape bottom surface and two annular side, the tube-shape bottom surface is followed the axial extension of annular workpiece the lateral wall department of the bead weld groove on the inner wall of annular workpiece forms the annular weld and includes: welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the junctions of the two annular side surfaces and the cylindrical bottom surface respectively to form two annular first-layer welding beads; forming a plurality of passes, layer by layer, over the first pass to form the annular weld on the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
Further, the welding full of the bead weld groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece includes: forming a plurality of passes in a weld bead groove on the inner wall until the weld bead groove is filled, each pass in the plurality of passes being formed as follows: and alternately forming a plurality of annular welding beads from two annular welding beads of the overlaying groove on the inner wall to the middle in the overlaying groove on the inner wall so as to form a layer of welding bead.
Further, the full welding of the bead weld groove on the end face of the annular workpiece includes: forming a plurality of layers of welding beads in the surfacing groove on the end surface until the surfacing groove on the end surface is fully welded, wherein each layer of welding bead in the plurality of layers of welding beads is formed in the following way: and forming a plurality of annular welding beads in the overlaying groove on the end face along the radial direction from the annular welding bead to form a layer of welding bead.
Further, when the build-up welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece and the build-up welding groove on the end face of the annular workpiece are fully welded, the interlayer temperature is 100 to 200 ℃.
Further, before forming the circular weld at the sidewall of the overlaying welding groove, the method further comprises the following steps: preheating the annular workpiece at the temperature of 150-200 ℃.
Further, when the circumferential weld is formed at the side wall of the bead weld groove, the welding current is 260 to 280A, and when the bead weld groove is fully welded, the welding current is 280 to 300A.
Further, after the welding the bead weld groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece, the method further comprises: adopting an aluminum silicate fiber heat-insulating material to insulate the annular workpiece, preheating the annular workpiece, and after the surfacing welding groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece is fully welded, the method further comprises the following steps: and the annular workpiece is insulated by adopting an aluminum silicate fiber insulating material.
Further, when the circumferential weld is formed at the side wall of the bead weld groove, the welding voltage is 22 to 24V, and when the bead weld groove is fully welded, the welding voltage is 24 to 26V.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the overlaying grooves are formed on the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece, so that overlaying can be performed on the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece, and the wear resistance of the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece is improved. And when in surfacing, annular welding seams are formed along the end surface of the surfacing groove and the side wall on the inner wall, namely a small amount of welding seams are formed at the copper-steel joint surface of the annular workpiece by welding, so that the surfacing layer is prevented from being separated from the surfacing groove due to excessive welding in sequence. Then, the embodiment also extends the partial area of the last layer of welding bead on the annular welding seam to the outside of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove, namely, the partial area of the last layer of welding bead is welded on the wall surface of the annular workpiece, so that the contact area of the overlaying layer and the annular workpiece is increased, the bonding force of the overlaying layer and the annular workpiece is increased, the situation that the overlaying layer is separated from the overlaying groove of the annular workpiece due to the layering of a copper-steel bonding surface when the overlaying groove is fully welded in the subsequent process is avoided, and the quality of the copper overlaying is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for building up an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state where a build-up welding groove is formed in an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method of weld overlay of an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a weld overlay formed on the inner wall of an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a weld overlay formed on an end face of an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a traveling direction of the welding gun and the positioner according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for overlaying an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the welding method includes:
step 101: and forming a build-up welding groove on the end surface and the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
Wherein, the annular workpiece comprises two end faces, that is, step 101 comprises forming overlaying grooves (see fig. 2) on both end faces of the annular workpiece 1, and the overlaying grooves 3 on the end faces of the annular workpiece 1 are annular grooves; since the inner wall of the annular workpiece 1 is a cylindrical curved surface, the bead weld groove 2 located on the inner wall of the annular workpiece 1 is a curved surface groove.
Step 102: an annular weld is formed at a sidewall of the weld overlay groove on an inner wall of the annular workpiece.
The annular welding seam comprises welding beads which are sequentially stacked, and the partial area of the last welding bead layer on the annular welding seam extends out of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove.
In this embodiment, the side wall of the overlaying welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece means: two side walls located on the bottom surface of the bead welding groove. As shown in fig. 2, the two side walls are respectively adjacent to the two end faces of the annular workpiece 1.
Step 103: and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
Step 104: an annular weld is formed at a sidewall of the overlaying groove on the end face of the annular workpiece.
Wherein, the lateral wall department of the overlaying groove on the terminal surface of annular work piece means: a side wall located on the bottom surface of the bead weld groove. As shown in fig. 2, the side wall is adjacent to the outer wall surface of the ring-shaped workpiece 1.
Step 105: and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the overlaying grooves are formed on the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece, so that overlaying can be performed on the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece, and the wear resistance of the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece is improved. And when in surfacing, annular welding seams are formed along the end surface of the surfacing groove and the side wall on the inner wall, namely a small amount of welding seams are formed at the copper-steel joint surface of the annular workpiece by welding, so that the surfacing layer is prevented from being separated from the surfacing groove due to excessive welding in sequence. Then, the embodiment also extends the partial area of the last layer of welding bead on the annular welding seam to the outside of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove, namely, the partial area of the last layer of welding bead is welded on the wall surface of the annular workpiece, so that the contact area of the overlaying layer and the annular workpiece is increased, the bonding force of the overlaying layer and the annular workpiece is increased, the situation that the overlaying layer is separated from the overlaying groove of the annular workpiece due to the layering of a copper-steel bonding surface when the overlaying groove is fully welded in the subsequent process is avoided, and the quality of the copper overlaying is ensured.
In the embodiment, the build-up welding is performed by a manual argon tungsten-arc welding method, and the grade of the welding material CuAl10Fe5Ni5(Φ 4.0mm), and the solder compositions are shown in Table 1. The protective gas is argon, and the purity of the argon is ensured to be more than or equal to 99.99 percent. Wherein, the welding material comprises the following components: the alloy comprises, by weight, 0.5 part of zinc, 0.2 part of tin, 3.0 parts of manganese, 3.5 to 5.5 parts of iron, 0.1 part of silicon, 3.5 to 6.5 parts of nickel, 8.0 to 11.0 parts of aluminum, 0.1 part of lead and the balance of copper.
Table 1 welding material composition table (% by mass)
| Cu | Zn | Sn | Mn | Fe | Si | Ni | Al | Pb |
| Balance of | 0.5 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 3.5～5.5 | 0.1 | 3.5～6.5 | 8.0～11.0 | 0.1 |
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of another bead welding method for an annular workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the build-up welding method includes:
step 201: and forming a build-up welding groove on the end surface and the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
Wherein the annular workpiece comprises two end faces, that is, step 201 comprises forming overlaying grooves (see fig. 2) on both end faces of the annular workpiece, and the overlaying grooves on the end faces of the annular workpiece are annular grooves; and because the inner wall of the annular workpiece is a cylindrical curved surface, the surfacing welding groove positioned on the end surface of the annular workpiece is a curved surface groove.
Step 202: preheating the annular workpiece at the temperature of 150-200 ℃.
The preheating can reduce the cooling speed of the welding seam, so that the welded annular workpiece can be slowly cooled, the hardening degree of the welding seam and a heat affected zone is reduced, the crack resistance of a welding joint is improved, welding cracks of a product are prevented, meanwhile, the preheating can inhibit the hardness of the surfacing layer from increasing, the hardness of the surfacing layer is controlled in a range equivalent to that of the annular workpiece, and the obtained annular workpiece can have a long service life.
Step 203: an annular weld is formed at a sidewall of the weld overlay groove on an inner wall of the annular workpiece.
The annular welding seam comprises welding beads which are sequentially stacked, and the partial area of the last welding bead layer on the annular welding seam extends out of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove.
In the present embodiment, the welding current for forming the annular bead is 260 to 280A. Because the thermal conductivity coefficient of copper is greater than the steel, in order to avoid steel side (annular work piece side) overheated when the steel body (annular work piece is steel structure) build-up welding, arouse the layering of copper steel faying face, select above-mentioned current value when forming the annular welding seam to in this embodiment, during build-up welding on the copper layer, heat-conduction is too fast, must adopt the heavy current just can guarantee that the welding material melts, selects the current value parameter when consequently building-up welding on the copper layer and sees table 2.
TABLE 2 welding parameters
In this embodiment, the bead weld groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece has a cylindrical bottom surface and two annular side surfaces, and the cylindrical bottom surface extends in the axial direction of the annular workpiece.
Step 203 may comprise: and welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the junctions of the two annular side surfaces and the cylindrical bottom surface respectively to form two annular first-layer welding beads. Forming a plurality of welding passes on the first welding pass layer by layer to form an annular welding seam on the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
When the inner wall of the annular workpiece is subjected to surfacing welding, the surfacing welding groove is a curved surface groove and is provided with two annular side surfaces. Two annular welding seams are formed along the annular side surfaces of the overlaying groove in a circumferential welding mode during overlaying, and the two annular welding seams are respectively positioned on the two opposite annular side surfaces of the overlaying groove.
Step 204: and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece.
Step 204 may include: a multi-layer bead is formed in the weld bead groove on the inner wall until the weld bead groove is filled, and each of the multi-layer beads is formed as follows. And a plurality of annular welding beads are alternately formed from the two annular welding beads of the overlaying groove on the inner wall to the middle in the overlaying groove on the inner wall so as to form a layer of welding bead, specifically, the plurality of annular welding beads are alternately formed from the two annular welding beads to the middle in a circumferential welding mode so as to form a layer of welding bead.
Wherein steps 203 to 204 can be seen in particular in fig. 4. As shown in fig. 4, an annular weld a is first formed on the annular side surface of the weld stack groove. The process of forming the annular weld a includes: and sequentially overlaying a layer 1 weld bead and a layer 2 weld bead which form the annular weld joint A at one annular side surface of the overlaying groove (1 in figure 4) until the overlaying groove is filled in the depth direction. Then, at the other annular side surface of the bead weld groove (as shown by 2 in fig. 4), the layer 1 bead and the layer 2 bead of the annular bead a are formed by bead welding until the depth direction of the bead weld groove is filled up. When the last layer of individual layer welding body of formation annular welding seam, need take this layer of welding bead to annular workpiece's wall on, even last layer of welding bead also with annular workpiece's wall welding together to increase the cohesion of surfacing layer and annular workpiece, avoid when welding the individual layer welding seam of follow-up other positions, tear the surfacing layer off from annular workpiece because of welding seam stress, produce the layering of copper steel faying face.
When a plurality of annular beads are formed alternately from two annular beads of the build-up welding groove on the inner wall to the middle (in the direction shown by a in fig. 4) in the build-up welding groove on the inner wall to form a plurality of annular beads B, other positions are built up layer by layer, and the welding sequence may be such that the 3 rd bead, the 4 th bead, the 5 th bead and the 6 th bead (see 3, 4, 5 and 6 in fig. 4) are welded in sequence until the first annular bead B is formed. And then, forming a second layer of annular weld bead B and a third layer of annular weld bead B by overlaying in the sequence.
In this example, the interlaminar temperature of the multilayer weld bead was 100 to 200 ℃. If the welding interruption time exceeds 10min or the interlayer temperature of each welding pass cannot be ensured under special conditions, the annular workpiece needs to be put into a furnace again to preheat the workpiece to 150-200 ℃ or a flame gun is used for heating, and the annular workpiece needs to be uniformly heated to 150-200 ℃ during heating.
In the above embodiment, the bead welding is performed in a circumferential direction, that is, the bead welding is performed around the annular side surface of the annular workpiece when the bead such as the annular bead, the 3 rd bead, the 4 th bead, the 5 th bead, and the 6 th bead is formed. Therefore, the welding quenching point existing in the axial welding process can be avoided, the welding quality of the welding quenching point is difficult to control, and if shaft welding is adopted in surfacing, the copper-steel joint surface is easy to layer, so that the welding quality can be improved in a circumferential welding mode.
After the surfacing groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece is fully welded, the annular workpiece is insulated by adopting an aluminum silicate fiber insulating material. And within 1 hour, re-preheated as per step 202.
Step 205: an annular weld is formed at a sidewall of the overlaying groove on the end face of the annular workpiece.
The annular welding seam comprises welding beads which are sequentially stacked, and the partial area of the last welding bead layer on the annular welding seam extends out of the overlaying groove along the width direction of the overlaying groove.
In this embodiment, the bead weld groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece has a cylindrical side surface and an annular bottom surface, and the annular bottom surface extends to the inner wall of the annular workpiece along the radial direction of the annular workpiece.
Step 205 may include: and welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the junction of the cylindrical side surface and the annular bottom surface to form an annular first-layer weld bead. And forming a plurality of welding beads on the first welding bead layer by layer to form an annular welding seam on the end surface of the annular workpiece.
When the end face of the annular workpiece is subjected to surfacing, the surfacing groove is an annular groove and is provided with a cylindrical side face. And during overlaying, an annular welding seam is formed along the cylindrical side surface of the overlaying groove in a circumferential welding mode.
Step 206: and fully welding the surfacing welding groove on the end surface of the annular workpiece.
Step 206 may include: a multilayer bead is formed in the weld bead groove on the end surface until the weld bead groove on the end surface is filled, and each of the multilayer beads is formed as follows. And forming a plurality of annular welding beads in the annular welding bead from the overlaying groove on the end surface along the radial direction to form a welding bead layer.
Wherein steps 205 to 206 may be seen in particular in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5, the cylindrical side surface of the overlaying groove is first overlaid and filled, so that an annular weld joint a is formed. The process of forming the annular weld a includes: the layer 1 bead and the layer 2 bead of the annular bead a are formed by build-up welding in this order at the cylindrical side surface of the build-up welding groove (as shown by 1 in fig. 5) until the build-up welding groove is filled up in the depth direction. When forming the last layer of welding bead of annular welding seam A, need take this welding bead to the wall of annular work piece, the last layer of welding bead also is in the same place with the wall welding of annular work piece promptly to increase the cohesion of surfacing layer and annular work piece, avoid when welding the surfacing welding of follow-up other positions, tear the surfacing layer off from annular work piece because of the welding seam stress, produce the layering of copper steel faying face.
In the case where a plurality of annular beads B are formed in the build-up welding groove in the radial direction from the side wall (as shown in fig. 5 at 1), the welding sequence may be such that the 2 nd annular bead and the 3 rd annular bead (see fig. 5 at 2 and 3) are welded in this order until the first annular bead B is formed. And then, forming a second layer of annular weld bead B and a third layer of annular weld bead B by overlaying in the sequence.
In the above embodiment, the bead welding is performed in a circumferential direction, that is, the bead welding is performed in a circumferential traveling path in all of the bead formation such as the circular bead a, the 2 nd bead, and the 3 rd bead. Therefore, the welding quenching point existing in the axial welding process can be avoided, the welding quality of the welding quenching point is difficult to control, and if shaft welding is adopted in surfacing, the copper-steel joint surface is easy to layer, so that the welding quality can be improved in a circumferential welding mode.
In this embodiment, the other end surface of the ring-shaped workpiece is subjected to build-up welding in the same manner as described above.
After the surfacing groove on the end face of the annular workpiece is fully welded, the annular workpiece is insulated by adopting an aluminum silicate fiber insulating material, and the annular workpiece needs to be subjected to furnace annealing heat treatment within 1 hour.
Step 207: and carrying out annealing heat treatment on the annular workpiece.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the initial furnace temperature of annealing heat treatment is 100-150 ℃, the annular workpiece is placed into the furnace, the temperature in the furnace is gradually increased to 300-400 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 2-2.5 h, the temperature is increased to 510-530 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 1-1.5 h, the annular workpiece is cooled to 100 ℃ along with the furnace, and the annular workpiece is taken out of the furnace and naturally cooled to room temperature in the air.
Optionally, the surfacing method adopts a positioner to assist welding, and the rotation direction of the positioner is opposite to the advancing direction of the welding gun. As shown in fig. 6, the inner wall of the ring-shaped workpiece 1 is subjected to build-up welding using a positioner. Wherein, the advancing direction (shown as b in fig. 6) of the welding gun 3 is opposite to the rotating direction (shown as c in fig. 6) of the positioner, so that the rotating direction of the positioner is opposite to the advancing direction of the welding gun 3, and impurities in the overlaying groove 2 can be pushed out of the overlaying groove.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A surfacing method for an annular workpiece, characterized by comprising:
forming overlaying grooves on the end face and the inner wall of an annular workpiece, wherein the overlaying grooves are of a concave structure on the end face and the inner wall of the annular workpiece, the overlaying grooves on the end face of the annular workpiece are provided with a cylindrical side face and an annular bottom face, the annular bottom face extends to the inner wall of the annular workpiece along the radial direction of the annular workpiece, the overlaying grooves on the inner wall of the annular workpiece are provided with a cylindrical bottom face and two annular side faces, and the cylindrical bottom face extends along the axial direction of the annular workpiece;
forming an annular weld at a sidewall of a build-up welding groove on an inner wall of the annular workpiece, the annular weld including a weld bead formed by stacking in sequence along a depth direction of the build-up welding groove, a partial region of the weld bead on the annular weld extending to outside the build-up welding groove along a width direction of the build-up welding groove and being welded together with the wall of the annular workpiece, the forming of the annular weld at the sidewall of the build-up welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece including: welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the junctions of the two annular side surfaces and the cylindrical bottom surface respectively to form two annular first-layer welding beads; forming a plurality of passes, layer by layer, over the first pass to form the annular weld on the inner wall of the annular workpiece;
forming a plurality of passes in a weld bead groove on the inner wall until the weld bead groove is filled, each pass in the plurality of passes being formed as follows: alternately forming a plurality of annular welding beads from two annular welding seams of the overlaying groove on the inner wall to the middle in the overlaying groove on the inner wall;
forming the annular weld at the sidewall of the weld overlay groove on the end face of the annular workpiece, the forming the annular weld at the sidewall of the weld overlay groove on the end face of the annular workpiece comprising: welding along the circumferential direction of the annular workpiece at the intersection of the cylindrical side surface and the annular bottom surface to form an annular first-layer weld bead; forming a plurality of welding beads on the first welding bead layer by layer to form the annular welding bead on the end surface of the annular workpiece;
forming a plurality of layers of welding beads in the surfacing groove on the end surface until the surfacing groove on the end surface is fully welded, wherein each layer of welding bead in the plurality of layers of welding beads is formed in the following way: and forming a plurality of annular welding beads in the overlaying groove on the end face along the radial direction from the annular welding seam.
2. The build-up welding method according to claim 1, wherein the interlayer temperature is 100 to 200 ℃ when the build-up welding groove on the inner wall of the annular workpiece and the build-up welding groove on the end face of the annular workpiece are fully welded.
3. The weld overlay method according to claim 1, further comprising, before forming the annular weld at the sidewall of the weld overlay groove:
preheating the annular workpiece at the temperature of 150-200 ℃.
4. The build-up welding method according to claim 1, wherein a welding current when the bead is formed at the side wall of the build-up welding groove is 260 to 280A, and a welding current when the build-up welding groove is fully welded is 280 to 300A.
5. The weld overlay method according to claim 1, wherein after the bead weld on the inner wall of the annular workpiece is filled, the method further comprises:
the annular workpiece is insulated by adopting an aluminum silicate fiber insulating material and is preheated,
after the welding of the bead weld on the end face of the annular workpiece, the method further comprises:
and the annular workpiece is insulated by adopting an aluminum silicate fiber insulating material.
6. The bead welding method according to claim 1, wherein a welding voltage when the bead weld is formed at the side wall of the bead welding groove is 22 to 24V, and a welding voltage when the bead welding groove is fully welded is 24 to 26V.
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