CN109599852B - Lightning protection system - Google Patents
Lightning protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109599852B CN109599852B CN201811482084.1A CN201811482084A CN109599852B CN 109599852 B CN109599852 B CN 109599852B CN 201811482084 A CN201811482084 A CN 201811482084A CN 109599852 B CN109599852 B CN 109599852B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
Abstract
the invention discloses a lightning protection system, which comprises a trend prejudging module, a real-time early warning module and an electromagnetic neutralizing module, wherein the trend prejudging module is used for judging the trend of a user; the modules are in communication connection with each other; the trend prejudging module calculates the lightning movement trend by using the first defense line, provides prejudgment of the lightning trend within a first preset time length, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user; the real-time early warning module monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length and provides early warning reference for whether the user finishes outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance; the electromagnetic neutralization module performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface by using a third defense line, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced; the purpose of lightning stroke protection by adopting a plurality of defense lines is achieved, and the possible harm caused by lightning is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection and lightning protection, in particular to a lightning protection system.
Background
Modern lightning protection includes outside lightning protection (building lightning protection) and inside lightning protection (lightning protection electricity electromagnetic pulse) two parts, and outside lightning protection system is mainly for the protection building avoids receiving the thunderbolt to arouse fire incident and personal safety accident, and inside lightning protection system prevents the destruction that thunder and lightning and other forms's overvoltage invasion equipment caused, and this is that outside lightning protection system can't guarantee. In order to achieve internal lightning protection, cables, metal pipelines and the like which enter and exit each protection area need to be connected with lightning protection and overvoltage protection devices, and equipotential connection is achieved.
Because the traditional lightning protection measures adopt a passive and blind protection mode, although a large amount of funds are invested and the traditional lightning protection measures are taken, lightning accidents still frequently occur; the position of a lightning stroke point cannot be known by the conventional lightning protection measures, so that potential safety hazards cannot be checked in time.
disclosure of Invention
the invention provides a lightning protection system which is used for carrying out lightning trend prejudgment and lightning early warning by lightning positioning and adopting a plurality of protection lines to carry out lightning protection so as to reduce possible harm brought by lightning.
The invention provides a lightning protection system, which comprises a trend prejudging module, a real-time early warning module and an electromagnetic neutralizing module, wherein the trend prejudging module, the real-time early warning module and the electromagnetic neutralizing module are in communication connection; wherein:
the trend prejudging module calculates the lightning movement trend by using the first defense line, provides prejudgment of the lightning trend within a first preset time length, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user;
the real-time early warning module monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length and provides early warning reference for whether the user finishes outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance;
The electromagnetic neutralization module utilizes a third defense line to perform lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced.
Further, the lightning protection system also comprises an online monitoring module;
And the online monitoring module utilizes the fourth defense line to discharge the lightning electromagnetism in the space magnetic field which is not completely neutralized by the third defense line to the ground.
Further, the online monitoring module is further configured to:
And acquiring the protection performance parameters and the protection effect of the first defense line, the second defense line and the third defense line by utilizing an online monitoring function, analyzing and evaluating the risk, and upgrading, optimizing and adjusting the first defense line, the second defense line, the third defense line and the fourth defense line based on the risk analysis and evaluation result.
further, the first line of defense comprises a lightning positioner and a monitoring satellite;
the trend prejudging module acquires positioning information by using a lightning positioning instrument and combines satellite monitoring data to carry out lightning positioning, analyzes the thundercloud lightning movement trend within 12-48 hours in the future, provides lightning trend prejudgment within 48 hours in the future, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user.
further, when the trend prejudging module carries out lightning positioning, acquiring the position coordinate of a monitoring station in a spherical space and the height of the monitoring station from the ground surface;
acquiring a straight-line distance from a lightning position to the monitoring station by using the average transmission speed of lightning in the air;
and defining an extreme value constraint equation according to the acquired parameters, and acquiring a minimum value of the defined extreme value constraint equation to obtain the position coordinate of the lightning.
further, the trend prejudging module obtains a position coordinate Si (x) of the monitoring station in a spherical spacei，yi，zi) And the height H of the monitoring station from the ground surfacei(ii) a Wherein i is 1, 2 … … N;
Acquiring lightning location P (x)p，yp，zp) Linear distance Dps to the monitoring stationiComprises the following steps:
Dpsi＝c(ti-tp)；
Where c is the average propagation velocity of lightning, tiFor the point in time, t, when the lightning reaches the monitoring site Sipis the point in time at which the lightning reaches the lightning location P;
According to the obtained linear distance DpsiObtaining:
(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2+(zp-zi)2＝c2(ti-tp)2；
Defining an extremum constraint equation:
Wherein R is the distance from a preset ground surface to the original point of a position coordinate system of the constructed spherical space, and H is the height of the lightning position from the ground surface;
acquiring the corresponding extreme value based on the defined extreme value constraint equation:
Taking a minimum value to obtain a lightning position P (x)p，yp，zp)。
further, the second defence line comprises an electric field instrument;
The real-time early warning module utilizes the electric field meter to read the corresponding electric field value in real time according to the principle that the conductor generates induced charges in the electric field, analyzes and obtains the possible potential thunderstorm activity and the danger level of electrostatic shock in the future 0.5-2 hours in the local area based on the read electric field value, and provides early warning reference for a user to finish outdoor operation and outdoor activity in advance.
further, the third line of defense comprises an electromagnetic neutralizer;
When the amount of electric charge induced on the electromagnetic neutralizer reaches a preset threshold value, the electromagnetic neutralizer module discharges the induced electric charge to the ground by utilizing the electromagnetic neutralizer, and performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by the ground surface to reduce the space electromagnetic field strength.
Further, the lightning protection system also comprises a data processing module;
The data processing module collects and stores data information in the whole protection process, generates a data report and reports the data report to a preset terminal in real time, so that technicians can inquire real-time lightning protection data and historical protection states.
furthermore, the data processing module also has a printing function, and prints and outputs the generated data report for technicians to check the real-time lightning protection data and the historical protection state.
the lightning protection system can achieve the following beneficial effects:
The lightning movement trend is calculated by the trend prejudging module by utilizing the first defense line, the lightning trend prejudgment in the first preset time length is provided, and an auxiliary decision is provided for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user; the real-time early warning module monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length and provides early warning reference for whether the user finishes outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance; the electromagnetic neutralization module performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface by using a third defense line, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced; the purpose of lightning stroke protection by adopting a plurality of defense lines is achieved, and the possible harm caused by lightning is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
the technical solution of the present invention is further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of a lightning protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of another embodiment of a lightning protection system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning principle of an embodiment of lightning positioning by the lightning protection system of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
The invention provides a lightning protection system which is used for carrying out lightning trend prejudgment and lightning early warning by lightning positioning and adopting a plurality of protection lines to carry out lightning protection so as to reduce possible harm brought by lightning.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a lightning protection system according to the invention; in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the lightning protection system of the present invention includes a trend pre-judging module 100, a real-time early warning module 200, and an electromagnetic neutralizing module 300; the modules are in communication connection with each other in the lightning protection system, and execute lightning early warning and lightning protection operation events corresponding to the lightning protection system together.
in one embodiment, the trend prejudging module 100 calculates a lightning movement trend by using a first defense line, provides lightning trend prejudgment within a first preset time length, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user; for example, the trend prejudgment module 100 calculates and prejudges a possible movement trend of lightning by using the first defense line, and provides lightning trend prejudgment within 48 hours, so as to provide an auxiliary decision and an important reference for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user.
The real-time early warning module 200 monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length, and provides early warning reference for a user to finish outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance; for example, the real-time early warning module 200 may utilize the second line of defense, based on the principle that the conductor generates induced charges in the electric field, and may read the current electric field value in real time by using the electric field data processing device, and may transmit the read electric field value to the computer for analysis and processing by the dedicated software, so as to predict the potential thunderstorm activity and the risk of electrostatic click in the local area, for example, to give an early warning within half an hour to two hours before the occurrence of the thunder, so as to provide an early warning reference for the user to end the outdoor work and the outdoor activity in advance.
The electromagnetic neutralization module 300 performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface by using a third defense line, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced. As more than 80% of the damage of electronic equipment is caused by the radiation of electromagnetic waves before and after the occurrence of lightning, the key means for neutralizing the space magnetic field intensity and destroying the formation of a lightning striking channel is to prevent direct lightning and the damage of the electromagnetic radiation of the lightning. The electromagnetic neutralization module 300 utilizes the third defense line to perform lightning electromagnetic neutralization, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity can be reduced, and the damage of direct lightning and lightning electromagnetic radiation can be prevented.
The lightning protection system calculates the lightning movement trend by using the first defense line through the trend prejudging module, provides prejudgment of the lightning trend within the first preset time length, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user; the real-time early warning module monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length and provides early warning reference for whether the user finishes outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance; the electromagnetic neutralization module performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface by using a third defense line, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced; the purpose of lightning stroke protection by adopting a plurality of defense lines is achieved, and the possible harm caused by lightning is reduced.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of another embodiment of a lightning protection system according to the invention; in the embodiment of fig. 2, the lightning protection system of the present invention further includes an online monitoring module 400; the online monitoring module 400 utilizes the fourth defense line to discharge the lightning electromagnetism in the space magnetic field which is not completely neutralized by the third defense line to the ground.
For example, in a specific application scenario, the on-line monitoring module 400 is provided with a corresponding lightning rod, a third defense line is used for the electromagnetic neutralization module 300, the lightning rod is matched with a corresponding electromagnetic neutralizer arranged in the electromagnetic neutralization module 300, and the lightning rod forms a discharge channel through upward discharge and downward charge of the lightning cloud to discharge the charge remaining after the charge neutralization by the electromagnetic neutralizer in the electromagnetic neutralization module 300 in the lightning cloud.
further, the online monitoring module 400 obtains the protection performance parameters and the protection effect of the first line of defense, the second line of defense and the third line of defense by using the online monitoring function, performs risk analysis and evaluation, and performs upgrade optimization and adjustment on the first line of defense, the second line of defense, the third line of defense and the fourth line of defense based on the risk analysis and evaluation result.
for example, when the online monitoring module 400 monitors that a lightning protection device arranged in the lightning protection system is damaged or the ground resistance exceeds the standard, the online monitoring module 400 can send alarm information in time, display a fault state, a fault position and a fault type, and prompt a worker to maintain in time. Or, when the online monitoring module 400 monitors that the lightning protection device set in the lightning protection system is separated from the lightning protection system, the online monitoring module 400 displays the unique number and the position of the lightning protection device separated from the lightning protection system on the corresponding user operation interface, and prompts the staff that the lightning protection device is not in a protection state and needs to take corresponding measures. This on-line monitoring module 400 can also carry out the detection and analysis to the degradation degree of lightning protection device, and when the degradation degree of the lightning protection device that corresponds reached and predetermine the degradation level, this on-line monitoring module 400 carries out online early warning, in time reminds the staff to carry out the change of corresponding device to avoid the problem of the lightning protection inefficacy that probably leads to because of the device degradation. In a specific application scenario, for example, when the online monitoring module 400 monitors that a corresponding fault occurs in the surge protector, the online monitoring module 400 may send an instant short message to a mobile phone of a bound worker, so as to prompt the worker to perform maintenance in time. In different application scenarios, the online monitoring module 400 may be endowed with different functions and specific implementation manners, and the specific functions and execution manners of the online monitoring module 400 are not exhaustive and repeated in the embodiment of the present invention.
With respect to the lightning protection system described in fig. 1 and 2, in a preferred embodiment, the first line of defense includes a lightning locator and a monitoring satellite; the trend prejudging module 100 acquires positioning information by using a lightning positioner and combines satellite monitoring data to perform lightning positioning, analyzes the thundercloud lightning movement trend within 12-48 hours in the future, provides lightning trend prejudgment within 48 hours in the future, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user.
Further, when the trend pre-judging module 100 performs lightning positioning, acquiring position coordinates of a monitoring station in a spherical space and a height of the monitoring station from the ground surface; acquiring a straight-line distance from a lightning position to the monitoring station by using the average transmission speed of lightning in the air; and defining an extreme value constraint equation according to the acquired parameters, and acquiring a minimum value of the defined extreme value constraint equation to obtain the position coordinate of the lightning.
For example, in a specific application scenario as shown in fig. 3, the trend prejudging module 100 obtains the position coordinate Si (x) of the monitored station in the spherical spacei，yi，zi) And the height H of the monitoring station from the ground surfacei(ii) a Wherein i is 1, 2 … … N;
Acquiring lightning location P (x)p，yp，zp) Linear distance Dps to the monitoring stationiComprises the following steps:
Dpsi＝c(ti-tp)；
where c is the average propagation velocity of lightning, tifor the point in time, t, when the lightning reaches the monitoring site SipIs the point in time at which the lightning reaches the lightning location P;
According to the obtained linear distance DpsiObtaining:
(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2+(zp-zi)2＝c2(ti-tp)2；
Defining an extremum constraint equation:
wherein R is the distance from a preset ground surface to the original point of a position coordinate system of the constructed spherical space, and H is the height of the lightning position from the ground surface;
Acquiring the corresponding extreme value based on the defined extreme value constraint equation:
taking a minimum value to obtain a lightning position P (x)p，yp，zp)。
in a preferred embodiment, the second defence line comprises an electric field instrument; the real-time early warning module 200 is used for reading a corresponding electric field value in real time by using the electric field instrument according to the principle that the conductor generates induced charges in the electric field, analyzing and acquiring the possible potential thunderstorm activity and electrostatic shock danger level of a local area within 0.5-2 hours in the future based on the read electric field value, and providing early warning reference for a user whether to finish outdoor operation and outdoor activity in advance.
In a preferred embodiment, the third defence line comprises an electromagnetic neutralizer; when the amount of charge induced on the electromagnetic neutralizer reaches a preset threshold, the electromagnetic neutralizer 300 discharges the induced charge to the ground by using the electromagnetic neutralizer, performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by the ground surface, and reduces the space electromagnetic field strength.
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, due to uncertainty of lightning, a large number of electromagnetic neutralizers may be arranged in some application scenes, but the probability of lightning is extremely low, which inevitably causes great resource waste; correspondingly, the number of the electromagnetic neutralizers arranged in certain application scenes is small or general, but the lightning probability is high, so that the protection purpose cannot be achieved, and the risk of lightning striking on the protection target is high, so that the reasonable arrangement of the electromagnetic neutralizers is particularly critical.
The invention adopts a neural network algorithm to predict thunder and lightning, and sets an electromagnetic neutralizer matched with a protection target for the protection target, and the implementation process can be executed according to the following description mode:
acquiring factor indexes which possibly cause lightning production and environmental data before lightning production, and numbering each lightning data group corresponding to the acquired factor indexes and environmental data and related indexes of the lightning data groups;
Designing a neural network algorithm by using the thunder data group and the relevant indexes after numbering;
randomly dividing the lightning data groups into two groups, training the designed neural network by using one group of data, performing simulation prediction on the designed neural network by using the other group of data, repeating the operation to preset times after obtaining the optimal threshold value and weight value through training, and taking the optimal parameter of final fitting;
calculating the probability P of lightning generation according to the neural network algorithm by using the obtained optimal parameters;
and according to the lightning generation probability P and the protection grade corresponding to the protection target, setting a matched electromagnetic neutralizer for the protection target according to a preset algorithm.
In a specific application scenario, a certain amount of thunder and lightning generation data, potential performance index, convection stability index, thunder and lightning generation probability and other factor indexes which may cause thunder and lightning generation in an area where thunder and lightning is generated are collected firstly. Numbering each thunder and lightning data and relevant indexes thereof to be set as Li，LiRepresenting each lightning data group, including environmental data before lightning production, where i ═ 1, 2, …, n, i represents the sequence number of each lightning data group, then for probability P of lightning production there are:
Wherein h isjThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Wherein: h represents the number of the neurons, j represents the serial number of the neurons, alpha and beta are the weight and the threshold of the neural network, and alpha0has a value range of [0.5, 1%]can be adjusted according to the fitting effect, f is a logistic function, f0The value of (a) is 0.5, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Where z is a variable of the logistic function, where z is calculated by the formula:
In order to train the neural network, the collected data is randomly divided into two groups, one group is trained, the other group is simulated and predicted, after the optimal threshold value and weight are obtained by training, the operation is repeated to preset times, for example, random grouping training is performed for 20 times in total, and finally the optimal parameters of fitting are obtained.
According to the probability P of lightning generation calculated by a neural network algorithm, setting an electromagnetic neutralizer matched with a protection target for the protection target according to the following formula by utilizing the probability P of lightning generation and the grade of the protection target:
Wherein: p is the probability of lightning generation, M is the number of the electromagnetic neutralizers, and the integral value of the calculation result is taken; g is the grade of the protection target, the protection grades in different places are different, the highest grade is 5 grade, the lowest grade is 1 grade, and the value of G is 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
and configuring M electromagnetic neutralizers for the protection target according to the calculated number M of the electromagnetic neutralizers.
based on the lightning protection system described in fig. 1 and 2, in a preferred embodiment, the lightning protection system further includes a data processing module; the data processing module collects and stores data information in the whole protection process, generates a data report and reports the data report to a preset terminal in real time, so that technicians can inquire real-time lightning protection data and historical protection states. For example, the data processing module collects all relevant information related to lightning strike in real time, and records and stores the collected data; according to a preset period, a corresponding data report is generated according to the collected data, the generated data report is sent to a preset terminal, technicians can inquire the real-time lightning protection data and the historical protection state of the lightning protection system, the lightning protection system can be better updated or improved according to the inquired real-time lightning protection data and the historical protection state, a better lightning protection effect is achieved, and the same or even better protection effect can be achieved by utilizing lower cost or adopting more convenient lightning protection means.
in a preferred embodiment, the data processing module further has a printing function, and the data processing module prints and outputs the generated data report for technicians to check the real-time lightning protection data and the historical protection state. In addition, the data processing module also has a display function, for example, real-time working state of the lightning protection system and corresponding protection state during fault alarm are displayed and recorded in real time, so that technicians can quickly and conveniently master the working state and the protection state corresponding to the lightning protection system.
The lightning protection system of the invention enables the working state of the lightning protection system to become visual through the configuration of the functions of the online monitoring function and the information acquisition function, the display function, the printing function and the like of the data processing module, improves the convenience and the intelligence of lightning protection, and further improves the reliability and the controllability of the lightning protection work.
as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. The lightning protection system is characterized by comprising a trend pre-judging module, a real-time early warning module and an electromagnetic neutralizing module, wherein the trend pre-judging module, the real-time early warning module and the electromagnetic neutralizing module are in communication connection; wherein:
The trend prejudging module calculates the lightning movement trend by using the first defense line, provides prejudgment of the lightning trend within a first preset time length, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user;
the real-time early warning module monitors the electric field value in real time by using a second defense line, provides a lightning trend forecast within a second preset time length and provides early warning reference for whether the user finishes outdoor operation and outdoor activities in advance;
the electromagnetic neutralization module performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by lightning of thunderclouds on the ground surface by using a third defense line, so that the space electromagnetic field intensity is reduced;
When the trend prejudging module carries out lightning positioning, acquiring the position coordinates of a monitoring station in a spherical space and the height of the monitoring station from the ground surface;
acquiring a straight-line distance from a lightning position to the monitoring station by using the average transmission speed of lightning in the air;
And defining an extreme value constraint equation according to the acquired parameters, and acquiring a minimum value of the defined extreme value constraint equation to obtain the position coordinate of the lightning.
2. The lightning protection system of claim 1, further comprising an online monitoring module;
and the online monitoring module utilizes the fourth defense line to discharge the lightning electromagnetism in the space magnetic field which is not completely neutralized by the third defense line to the ground.
3. The lightning protection system of claim 2, wherein the online monitoring module is further to:
and acquiring the protection performance parameters and the protection effect of the first defense line, the second defense line and the third defense line by utilizing an online monitoring function, analyzing and evaluating the risk, and upgrading, optimizing and adjusting the first defense line, the second defense line, the third defense line and the fourth defense line based on the risk analysis and evaluation result.
4. the lightning protection system of claim 1, wherein the first line of defense includes a lightning locator and a monitoring satellite;
The trend prejudging module acquires positioning information by using a lightning positioning instrument and combines satellite monitoring data to carry out lightning positioning, analyzes the thundercloud lightning movement trend within 12-48 hours in the future, provides lightning trend prejudgment within 48 hours in the future, and provides an auxiliary decision for reasonably arranging outdoor operation and outdoor activity time for a user.
5. the lightning protection system of claim 1, wherein the trend anticipation module obtains a prisonPosition coordinate Si (x) of measuring station in spherical spacei，yi，zi) And the height H of the monitoring station from the ground surfacei(ii) a Wherein i is 1, 2 … … N;
Acquiring lightning location P (x)p，yp，zp) Linear distance Dps to the monitoring stationicomprises the following steps:
Dpsi＝c(ti-tp)；
where c is the average propagation velocity of lightning, tifor the point in time, t, when the lightning reaches the monitoring site Sipis the point in time at which the lightning reaches the lightning location P;
according to the obtained linear distance Dpsiobtaining:
(xp-xi)2+(yp-yi)2+(zp-zi)2＝c2(ti-tp)2；
Defining an extremum constraint equation:
Wherein R is the distance from a preset ground surface to the original point of a position coordinate system of the constructed spherical space, and H is the height of the lightning position from the ground surface;
acquiring the corresponding extreme value based on the defined extreme value constraint equation:
Taking a minimum value to obtain a lightning position P (x)p，yp，zp)。
6. The lightning protection system of claim 1, wherein the second line of defense includes an electric field instrument;
The real-time early warning module utilizes the electric field meter to read the corresponding electric field value in real time according to the principle that the conductor generates induced charges in the electric field, analyzes and obtains the possible potential thunderstorm activity and the danger level of electrostatic shock in the future 0.5-2 hours in the local area based on the read electric field value, and provides early warning reference for a user to finish outdoor operation and outdoor activity in advance.
7. The lightning protection system of claim 1, wherein the third line of defense includes an electromagnetic neutralizer;
When the amount of electric charge induced on the electromagnetic neutralizer reaches a preset threshold value, the electromagnetic neutralizer module discharges the induced electric charge to the ground by utilizing the electromagnetic neutralizer, and performs lightning electromagnetic neutralization on a space magnetic field generated by the ground surface to reduce the space electromagnetic field strength.
8. The lightning protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a data processing module;
the data processing module collects and stores data information in the whole protection process, generates a data report and reports the data report to a preset terminal in real time, so that technicians can inquire real-time lightning protection data and historical protection states.
9. the lightning protection system of claim 8, wherein the data processing module further comprises a printing function for printing out the generated data report for a technician to check the real-time lightning protection data and the historical protection status.
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| CN105279565A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-01-27 | 北京中科九章软件有限公司 | Lightning early warning method and lightning early warning system |
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