CN109598099A - A kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft - Google Patents
A kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation that consideration oil reservoir is coupled with pit shaft, the method of the present invention establishes during the two-tube steam injection development of Three phase 3 D heavy crude reservoir seepage flow and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in reservoir from the conservation of mass, conservation of energy angle.According to the two-way aggregate flow characteristic of the variable mass of fluid in the wellbore and cutting seam sieve tube tubular column structure feature, the flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in Method In Steam Injection Process pit shaft are established.Based on the pressure and temperature principle of continuity, couple wellbore model and reservoir model, and model is solved using fully implicit solution finite difference calculus and iterative technique, the two-tube SAGD long tube regularity of distribution of pressure, temperature, steam inbound traffics and pit shaft along parameters such as journey steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fractions in any time oil reservoir in steam injection process simultaneously can be predicted using the model, select suitable steam injection parameter, it improves stratum and is heated evenly degree, formulate reasonable development plan and be of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical simulation sides that consideration oil reservoir is coupled with pit shaft
Method belongs to Development of Viscous Crude Oil numerical simulation technology field.
Background technique
Heavy crude reservoir is one of most important Oil Reservoir Types in the world, and world's viscous crude (including pitch etc.) resource reserve is very
It is abundant, account for about the 70% of Global Oil total resources.China's viscous crude resource is distributed mainly on the oil fields such as the Liaohe River, Xinjiang, triumph, ground
Matter reserves are up to 20.6 × 108T, a large amount of viscous crude resource are urgently exploited, and therefore, are gradually increased in conventional gas and oil development of resources difficulty
Greatly, energy contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous instantly, and economically and efficiently developing heavy crude reservoir has important meaning to China's oil gas supply
Justice.
Steam injection oil recovery by heating is the major technique of current production of heavy oil reservoir, including steam soak, steam drive, steam is auxiliary
Gravity drainage (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage, SAGD) etc. is helped, wherein SAGD technology is exploitation super-viscous oil oil
One cutting edge technology of hiding, it is general in general steam injection process due to the influence of Reservoir Heterogeneity and horizontal wellbore Variable Mass Flow
Store-through employs uneven contradiction in horizontal segment oil reservoir.A large amount of horizontal well monitoring materials show that 80% horizontal well all exists and move
With uneven situation, employ preferable well section length only the total well section of Zhan 1/3 to 1/2, and with the increase of recovery percent, horizontal segment
Oil reservoir, which will employ uneven problem, constantly to be aggravated, and the performance of horizontal productivity has been seriously affected.Studies have shown that horizontal segment stratum by
Hot uniformity coefficient is the main reason for influencing horizontal productivity, and therefore, how pit shaft is joined along journey during accurate simulation steam injection
The number regularity of distribution, optimization stratum are heated evenly degree, and formulating reasonable countermeasures of development becomes the pass for improving recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir
Key.
Uneven heating even phenomenon in stratum is mainly influenced by Reservoir Heterogeneity and horizontal wellbore Variable Mass Flow, Horizontal Well
It is close that cylinder along the regularity of distribution of the parameters such as journey steam pressure, temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics and stratum is heated evenly degree
Correlation, currently, domestic and foreign scholars propose following theory and method simulation and prediction steam injection pit shaft along journey key parameter: 1. single tube is infused
Vapour model.The model mainly includes conventional steam injection and multiple spot steam injection, model only for one-directional fluid flow in horizontal well pit shaft with
Heat transfer, pit shaft couple scheduling theory with reservoir and are studied.2. Double-pipe gas-injection model.Two-tube model research mainly includes two sides
Face: being on the one hand equivalent to single tube column for two-tube, is not used to the parameters such as dual-tube horizontal segment length oil pipe and annular pressure field, temperature field
Simulation calculate；On the other hand, existing model mainly considers flowing and heat transfer of the fluid in pit shaft, and in steam injection process with
It influences not fully consider caused by reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree of time change etc..
Steam injection process is horizontal well pit shaft and the interactional dynamic process of oil reservoir to two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously, is showed
Some theory and methods do not fully consider the reservoir characteristics parameter changed over time to two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection process
Middle pit shaft along the journey key parameter regularity of distribution influence, and simulate horizontal well horizontal section length generally at 300 meters or so, cause
There is a certain error for analog result, is not used to any time oil reservoir and pit shaft in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection process
The prediction of interior key parameter changing rule.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing theory and method, the present invention provides a kind of two-tube SAGD long that consideration oil reservoir is coupled with pit shaft
Horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation.
Summary of the invention:
The method of the invention establishes the two-tube note of Three phase 3 D heavy crude reservoir from the conservation of mass, conservation of energy angle
Seepage flow and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in reservoir in steam development process.It is special according to the two-way aggregate flow of the variable mass of fluid in the wellbore
Property and cutting seam sieve tube tubular column structure feature, establish the flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in Method In Steam Injection Process pit shaft.Based on pressure
Power and the temperature principle of continuity couple wellbore model and reservoir model, and use fully implicit solution finite difference calculus and iterative technique pair
Model is solved, using the model can be predicted two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously pressure in any time oil reservoir in steam injection process,
The regularity of distribution of the parameters such as steam pressure, temperature, mass dryness fraction in temperature, saturation degree, steam inbound traffics and long oil pipe and annular space, choosing
Suitable steam injection parameter is selected, stratum is improved and is heated evenly degree, formulate reasonable development plan and be of great significance.
Term is explained:
1, the viscous temperature of grease, refers to viscosity of crude and water viscosity relation curve corresponding with temperature respectively；
2, oil-water relative permeability, when referring to oil-water coexistence, the effective permeability of each phase and the ratio of absolute permeability；
3, oil and gas relative permeability, when referring to that oil and gas coexists, the effective permeability of each phase and the ratio of absolute permeability；
4, capillary force, the additional surface effect that the liquid level generated in capillary rises or falls, referred to as capillary pressure or
Capillary force；
5, heat transfer, phenomenon of Heat when referring in medium without macroscopic motion；
6, the phenomenon that thermal convection refers to that heat passes through flow media, travels to another place by the one of space；
7, oil well drainage radius, refer to makes the crude oil around oil well in certain area flow into well by natural or manual energy
Interior, this oil area is known as the drainage area of oil well, and the distance of edge to the well center of this area is referred to as the draining of oil well
Radius.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft, two-tube SAGD
For the well of long horizontal well to including steam injection well and producing well, steam injection well and producing well include sequentially connected long oil pipe, short oil pipe
And section cutting seam sieve tube, long oil pipe are lowered into horizontal well toe-end, short oil pipe is lowered into horizontal well heel end, and injection-production well does not start to produce
When reservoir condition be initial formation condition, in two-tube SAGD long horizontal well routine steam injection process, steam is by long oil pipe heel end
Injection flows to toe-end, enters horizontal well annular space through long oil pipe toe-end, flows to heel end from annular space toe-end, two-tube SAGD long horizontal well is long
Oil pipe, short oil pipe are simultaneously in steam injection process, and flowing of the steam in long oil pipe from heel end to toe-end is one-way flow, from long oil pipe toe
End enters the steam of annular space and the steam from short oil pipe heel end injection annular space is opposite two-way aggregate flow；Including walking as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1: according to reservoir characteristics parameter, reading in original formation pressure, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, oil
Water glue temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, oil compressibility, the water compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient,
The hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, oil density and water density；
According to wellbore parameters, long oil pipe, the inside radius of short oil pipe and cutting seam sieve tube, outer radius, the coefficient of heat conduction are read in, is cut
Slot length, width, the density of slit screen pipes, horizontal well length, initialization model, and partitioning model grid；
Reservoir model is initialized, i.e. prime stratum is arranged before starting to simulate two-tube SAGD long horizontal well steam injection in reservoir model
Pressure, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, grease glue temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, crude oil pressure
Contracting coefficient, the compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient, the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, oil density and the initial stratum of these oil reservoirs of water density
Parameter；
Step 2: setting in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection process, each time step oil pipe and annular space are each micro- along journey
First section steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fraction value；
Step 3: in setting Method In Steam Injection Process, the changing value of each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree；
Step 4: according to the conservation of mass and conservation of energy principle, considering gravity, capillary force, heat transfer, thermal convection and top
Bottom heat loss influences, and establishes oil in reservoir, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical model steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat；
Step 5: respectively to oily phase, water phase, the processing of steam phase source sink term；
Step 6: initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of known oil reservoir, outside pool boundary is closed boundary,
Oil reservoir inner boundary is level pressure steam injection, calculates each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, intensity value；
Seepage flow and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in reservoir are solved, by the changing value σ of the reservoir pressure acquired, temperature and saturation degree
Po, σ To, σ SoWith σ SgRespectively with its assumption value δ P 'o, δ T 'o, δ S 'oWith δ S 'gIt is compared, judges | δ Po-δP′o|<ε1, | δ To-
δT′o|<ε2, | δ So-δS′o|<ε3With | δ Sg-δS′g|<ε4Whether the condition of convergence is all satisfied, if not restraining, the oil reservoir pressure that will acquire
The changing value σ P of power, temperature and saturation degreeo, σ To, σ SoWith σ SgAs assumption value, step 3 is gone to, if being all satisfied the condition of convergence,
Then enter step 7；ε1, ε2, ε3And ε4It is setting condition of convergence value；
Step 7: according to mass-conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, establishing two-tube SAGD long tube
Flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer of the steam injection steam in pit shaft simultaneously, judges to calculate resulting pit shaft along journey vapour pressure force value, temperature
Whether angle value and steam quality value restrain, and step 2 is gone to if not restraining, and otherwise, enter step 8；
Step 8: judging whether simulated time reaches maximum analog time tmaxIf do not reached, step 2 is gone to, if
Future time step is set, step 2-8 is repeated, each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree and horizontal well pit shaft is calculated and is steamed along journey
Steam pressure, temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics, otherwise, calculating terminates.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the step 1, any time oil and water density are both the function of temperature in reservoir
It is the function of pressure；Water phase and steam phase any time relative permeability are sought by interpolation, the opposite infiltration of oily phase any time
The saturation degree of rate and steam two-phase is related；Oil density calculation formula, water density calculation formula, oil relative permeability calculate public
Formula is respectively as shown in formula (1), (2), (3):
ρo=ρor[1+Cop(P-Pr)-Cot(T-Tr)] (1)
ρw=ρwr[1+Cwp(P-Pr)-Cwt(T-Tr)] (2)
Formula (1), (2), in (3), ρoAnd ρwThe respectively density of oil and water, kg/m3；ρorAnd ρwrRespectively reference pressure and
At a temperature of oil and water density, kg/m3；CopAnd CwpRespectively crude oil and the water compressed coefficient, 1/MPa；P and PrRespectively oil reservoir
Pressure and reference pressure, MPa；CotAnd CwtRespectively crude oil and the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, 1/ DEG C；T and TrRespectively reservoir temperature and
Reference temperature, DEG C；kroFor oil relative permeability, zero dimension；krocwFor oil relative permeability under irreducible water saturation, it is no because
It is secondary；krowAnd krwOil phase and water phase relative permeability, zero dimension respectively in oil-water system；krogAnd krgRespectively petroleum system
Middle oil phase and gas phase relative permeability, zero dimension；
Oil compressibility calculation formula, hydraulic pressure contracting coefficient formulas, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient calculation formula, hydro-thermal are swollen
Swollen coefficient formulas is respectively as shown in formula (4), (5), (6), (7):
Formula (4), (5), (6), in (7), VoAnd VwThe respectively apparent volume of crude oil and water, cm3；WithRespectively etc.
The changing value of crude oil and water volume with effective pressure, cm under the conditions of temperature3/MPa；WithRespectively under isothermy crude oil and
Changing value of the water volume with effective temperature, cm3/℃。
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step 4, oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase mass-conservation equation, steam phase
Mass-conservation equation, energy conservation equation, pit shaft to stratum heat output calculation formula, saturated vapor thermodynamic equilibrium equation are respectively such as
Formula (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13) are shown:
Qwell=Ql+Qa (12)
ln(Ps)=9.3876-3826.36/ (Ts-45.47) (13)
In formula (8)-(13), o, w and g respectively represent oily phase, water phase and steam phase；α is unit conversion coefficient；K is reservoir
Permeability, 10-3um2；kro、krwAnd krgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase relative permeability；uo、uwAnd ugRespectively oily phase,
Water phase and steam phase viscosity, Pas；Po、PwAnd PgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase pressure, Pa；ρo、ρwAnd ρgRespectively
Oily phase, water phase and steam phase density, kg/m3；G is acceleration of gravity, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qo、qwAnd qgWhen being respectively unit
Between inject in unit volume reservoir or oily phase, water phase and the steam phase volume of extraction, m3/(m3·s)；So、SwAnd SgIt is respectively oily
Phase, water phase and steam phase saturation；For reservoir pore degree；mcFor steam in unit chronomere volume reservoir under formation condition
Condense into the quality of water, kg/ (m3·s)；λRFor oil reservoir thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；ρRFor rock density, kg/m3；cRFor rock
Stone specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；H is the enthalpy of fluid, J/kg；QHFor unit chronomere volume reservoir injection or output energy,
J/(m3·s)；QlossFor the energy that unit chronomere volume reservoir is lost to top bottom, J/ (m3·s)；QwellWhen for unit
Between heat output between pit shaft and stratum, J/s；QlFor the heat that unit time long oil tube fluid is transmitted to stratum, J/s；QaFor
The heat that fluid is transmitted to stratum in unit time annular space, J/s；PsFor saturated vapour pressure, Pa；TsFor saturated-steam temperature,
℃；U is energy, J/kg in fluid；
Simultaneous oil phase, water phase and the oil of steam phase composition, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical modulo steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat
Type, after oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase+steam phase equation, energy conservation equation abbreviation, respectively such as formula (14), (15), (16)
It is shown:
In formula (14)-(16),
Mo、Mw、MgRespectively unit time unit volume output or the oil of injection, water, quantity of steam, kg/ (m3·s)。
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step 5, to oily phase, water phase, the processing of steam phase source sink term, such as formula (17), formula
(18), shown in formula (19):
In formula (17)-(19), PwfFor flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP), Pa；Bo、Bw、BgThe respectively volume factor of oil, water, vapour；reFor oil
Well drainage radius, m；
rwFor horizontal well wellbore radius, m；H is oil reservoir effective thickness, m；S is the complete well water horizontal well skin factor of cutting seam sieve tube.
It is further preferred that the complete well water horizontal well skin factor S of cutting seam sieve tube, which is calculated, considers near wellbore in the step 5
Four basic flowing regions of Complex Flows: Radial Flow caused by linear flow, single slot, pit shaft circumference slot in slot
Radial Flow caused by unit and the Radial Flow far from cutting seam sieve tube, the calculating of the complete well water horizontal well skin factor S of cutting seam sieve tube
Formula is as follows:
As γ≤v,
As γ > v,
khFor reservoir-level directional permeability, um2；kvFor reservoir vertical direction permeability, um2；kdFor reservoir pollution band infiltration
Saturating rate, um2；rehFor drilling well damage radius, mm；nsFor the slot item number of every slot unit；msFor on every element length screen casing perimeter
Slot number；wsDFor zero dimension slot width, wsD=ws/rw；wsFor slot width, mm；λ is slot length and slot unit
Ratio；klFor slot intrinsic permeability, 10-3um2；tsDFor zero dimension slot clogging depth, tsD=ts/rw；tsFor slot clogging depth
Degree, mm；lsDFor zero dimension slot length,lsFor slot length, mm；wuDFor zero dimension slot cell width,
wuD=(2ns-1)wsD；V is zero dimension radial flow radius caused by slot, γ causes for slot
Zero dimension axially stream radius, γ=lsD/2λ。
It is further preferred that in the step 6, initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of oil reservoir pass through formula
(22), formula (23), formula (24), formula (25), (26) are sought:
P(x,y,z,t)|T=0=P0(x,y,z) (22)
T(x,y,z,t)|T=0=T0(x,y,z) (23)
Oil reservoir inner and outer boundary definite condition: outer boundary is closed boundary, does not have flowing in and out for fluid on outer boundary, i.e.,
Using impermeable boundary condition, as shown in formula (27):
Internal boundary condition: level pressure condition, which refers to, gives stable bottom hole pressure Pwf, as shown in formula (28):
In formula (22)-(28), PoFor oil reservoir initial pressure, MPa；ToFor initial temperature of reservoir, DEG C；WithRespectively
For oil reservoir initial oil, water and vapo(u)rous degree；X, y and z is respectively the mesh coordinate of oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction；Г is
Outside pool boundary；N is the normal direction of outside pool boundary；xw、ywAnd zwRespectively oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction determines well
Mesh coordinate is pressed in underflow；
Calculate reservoir pressure, temperature and saturation degree: firstly, water phase pressure PwWith steam phase pressure PgAccording to oil-containing phase pressure
PoGrease capillary force equation Pcwo=Po-PwWith oil and gas capillary force equation Pcog=Pg-PoCarry out the member that disappears；PcwoAnd PcogIt is respectively oily
Water two-phase and oil and gas two-phase capillary pressure, Pa；
Finite difference is carried out to formula (13)-(16) again, solves to obtain reservoir pressure, temperature, oil using fully implicit method
Phase saturation and water phase saturation, steam phase saturation is by normalizing equation So+Sw+Sg=1 acquires.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step 7,
Steam flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection duration oil pipe:
Shown in mass-conservation equation such as formula (29):
Shown in momentum conservation equation such as formula (30):
Pl,iAl-Pl,i+1Al-τl=(ρl,i+1Alvl,i+1)vl,i+1-(ρl,iAlvl,i)vl,i (30)
Shown in energy conservation equation such as formula (31):
Two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously steam injection when annular space in the two-way aggregate flow of steam and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer:
The quality of steam difference △ m of annular space infinitesimal section is flowed in and out in unit timeaAre as follows:
Mass-conservation equation is converted into formula (33):
Momentum conservation equation is converted into formula (34):
Pa,i+1Aa-Pa,iAa-τa=(ρa,iAava,i)va,i-(ρa,i+1Aava,i+1)va,i+1 (34)
va=| vs-vl| (35)
Energy conservation equation is converted into formula (36):
In formula (29)-(36), l and a respectively indicate long oil pipe and annular space；mlAnd maRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section
Steam mass flow, kg/s；
Dl is infinitesimal segment length, m；Pl,iAnd Pl,i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρl,i
And ρl,i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream vapour density, kg/m3；vl,iAnd vl,i+1In respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section,
Downstream steam flow velocity, m/s；AlAnd AaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section cross-sectional area, m2；τlAnd τaRespectively long oil pipe and
Frictional force between annular space infinitesimal section inside pipe wall and steam, N；vlAnd vaSteam flow rate in respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section,
m/s；hlAnd haThe enthalpy of respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section steam, J/kg；L is pit shaft horizontal section length, m；X is short oil pipe
Steam and long oil pipe injection steam are injected in annular space encountered location, m；masAnd malRespectively short oil pipe and long oil pipe inject steam
Mass velocity in annular space, kg/s；masfAnd malfShort oil pipe injection steam and the injection of long oil pipe are steamed respectively in the unit time
Steam absorbing amount of the vapour in unit length infinitesimal section, kg/ (ms)；mafVapour is inhaled for the oil reservoir of unit length infinitesimal section in the unit time
Amount, kg/ (ms)；Pa,i+1And Pa,iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρa,i+1And ρa,iRespectively
Annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam density, kg/m3；va,i+1And va,iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam stream
Speed, m/s；vsAnd vlSteam enters the flow velocity of annular space infinitesimal section, m/s respectively in short oil pipe and long oil pipe；varFor annular space steam
Into the flow velocity on stratum, m/s.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step 7, two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously steam injection when fluid in long oil pipe and ring
The coupling of the frictional force and pit shaft that flow in the air and reservoir pressure field, temperature field is realized by following formula:
Shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (37) that steam flows in long oil pipe:
Consider cutting seam sieve tube tubular column structure feature, shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (38) that steam flows in annular space:
Pressure field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by steam injection amount formula, such as formula (39), formula (40), formula (41) institute
Show:
mg=ρa·J·(Pa-P)·Is (39)
Temperature field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by wellbore heat loss formula:
Shown in long oil pipe heat loss such as formula (42):
Shown in annular space heat loss such as formula (43), formula (44), formula (45), formula (46):
In formula (37)-(46),
DlAnd DaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space internal diameter, m；flAnd faRespectively long oil pipe and the screen casing coefficient of friction resistance；PgfIt is micro-
First section slot number of rows；luFor slot element length, m；τal(k) frictional force between slot steam and screen casing inner wall, N are arranged for kth；
val(k) slot steam mass flow rates, kg/s are arranged for kth；mgFor steam injection in unit chronomere volume reservoir, kg/s；P
For reservoir pressure, Pa；J is well index, m3/(MPa·s)；IsTo inhale vapour index, zero dimension；EhTo consider to push up bottom cover layer heat loss
The thermal efficiency afterwards, %；AdFor drainage area, DEG C；RlAnd RaRespectively from long oil pipe and screen casing inner wall to entire thermal resistance oil reservoir,
(m·℃)/W；hlcFor convective heat-transfer coefficient in long oil pipe, W/ (m DEG C)；rloFor long oil pipe outer radius, m；rsoIt is outside screen casing half
Diameter, m；rsiFor screen casing inside radius, m；λsFor screen casing thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；λeFor formation thermal conductivity, W/ (m DEG C)；f
(τ) is the function of time for reflecting unstable state property；α T is stratum thermal diffusion coefficient, m2/h；τ is steam injection time, h.
The invention has the benefit that
1, the present invention provides a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection Numerical-Modes that consideration oil reservoir is coupled with pit shaft
Quasi- method can describe three in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection development process from the conservation of mass, conservation of energy angle
The seepage flow and HEAT TRANSFER LAW of oily phase, water phase and steam phase in HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR are tieed up, while considering that steam is two-way in annular space
Aggregate flow influences.
2, the present invention is according to the pressure and temperature principle of continuity, to the flowing and heat transfer of reservoir model and fluid in pit shaft
Mathematical model is solved, determine the two-tube SAGD long tube of long horizontal well simultaneously any time reservoir pressure value in steam injection process,
Temperature value and intensity value, predict long horizontal well pit shaft along the regularity of distribution of the parameters such as journey steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fraction, significantly
The accuracy for improving prediction is heated evenly degree to stratum is improved, formulates reasonable development plan with highly important meaning
Justice.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that oil reservoir of the present invention studies block size and well location schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the downhole well fluid based on steam flow direction in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process in present example 1
Flowing and heat transfer model solve schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the pit shaft based on steam flow direction in two-tube SAGD long tube in present example 2 simultaneously steam injection process
Interior fluid flowing and heat transfer model solve schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 show the flow chart that two-tube SAGD routine steam injection model solution is total in present example 1；
Fig. 5 show two-tube SAGD routine steam injection model downhole well fluid flowing and heat transfer mathematical modulo in present example 1
Type solves flow chart；
Fig. 6 show two-tube SAGD long tube while the total flow chart of steam injection model solution in present example 2；
Fig. 7 show the steam injection model downhole well fluid flowing simultaneously of two-tube SAGD long tube and heat transfer in present example 2
Mathematical model solves flow chart；
Fig. 8 is two-tube SAGD routine steam injection string structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is two-tube SAGD long tube of the present invention with note tubular column structure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is that long oil pipe and annular space are calculated along journey steam pressure in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process in present example 1
As a result with pressure measured result comparison diagram in annular space；
Figure 11 is that long oil pipe and annular space are calculated along journey vapor (steam) temperature in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process in present example 1
As a result with ring air temperature measured result comparison diagram；
Figure 12 is steam injection amount calculated result and oil field actual monitoring in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process in present example 2
Steam injection amount comparison diagram；
Figure 13 is that two-tube SAGD long tube is divided with long oil pipe during note and annular space along journey steam pressure in present example 2
Butut；
Figure 14 is that two-tube SAGD long tube is divided with long oil pipe during note and annular space along journey vapor (steam) temperature in present example 2
Butut；
Figure 15 is that two-tube SAGD long tube is divided with long oil pipe during note and annular space along journey steam quality in present example 2
Butut；
Figure 16 is for two-tube SAGD long tube in present example 2 with net horizontal section during note along journey stratum temperature distribution
Figure；
Figure 17 is that two-tube SAGD long tube is distributed with net horizontal section during note along journey steam inbound traffics in present example 2
Figure；
Figure 18, which is that two-tube SAGD long tube is same in present example 2, to be infused with net horizontal section in conventional steam injection process along journey steam
Inbound traffics profiles versus figure；
Figure 19, which is that two-tube SAGD long tube is same in present example 2, to be infused with net horizontal section in conventional steam injection process along journey stratum
Temperature Distribution comparison diagram；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft, such as Fig. 8 institute
Show, two-tube SAGD long Horizontal Well is to including steam injection well and producing well, and steam injection well and producing well are mainly by long oil pipe, short oil pipe
And cutting seam sieve tube composition, long oil pipe are lowered into horizontal well toe-end, short oil pipe is lowered into horizontal well heel end, and injection-production well does not start to give birth to
Reservoir condition when production is initial formation condition, and in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process, steam is injected by long oil pipe heel end and flowed
To toe-end, enters horizontal well annular space through long oil pipe toe-end, flow to heel end from annular space toe-end.Horizontal well horizontal section length 460m, is adopted
With the complete well of 177.8mm cutting seam sieve tube, screen casing internal diameter 166.8mm, outer diameter 177.8mm, thermal coefficient 0.993W/ (mK), long oil
Bore 77.9mm, outer diameter 88.9mm, absolute roughness 0.00005m, thermal coefficient 0.8W/ (mK), oil reservoir thermal coefficient
1.73W/ (mK), oil reservoir thermal diffusion coefficient 0.004m2/h；Long oil pipe heel end steam injection pressure 2.5MPa, steam injection rate
100t/d, steam quality 60%.As shown in figure 4, including the following steps:
Step 1: according to reservoir characteristics parameter, reading in original formation pressure, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, oil
Water glue temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, oil compressibility, the water compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient,
The hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, oil density and water density；
According to wellbore parameters, long oil pipe, the inside radius of short oil pipe and cutting seam sieve tube, outer radius, the coefficient of heat conduction are read in, is cut
Slot length, width, the density of slit screen pipes, horizontal well length, initialization model, and partitioning model grid；
Reservoir model is initialized, i.e. prime stratum is arranged before starting to simulate two-tube SAGD long horizontal well steam injection in reservoir model
Pressure, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, grease glue temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, crude oil pressure
Contracting coefficient, the compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient, the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, oil density and the initial stratum of these oil reservoirs of water density
Parameter；
Partitioning model grid is in numerical simulation generally using the processing technique divided in the form of a grid to oil reservoir.
As shown in Figure 1, research the long 1100m of block oil reservoir, wide 110m, thick 20m, X, Y, Z-direction size of mesh opening be 25m ×
10m × 2m, the total grid number of model are 44 × 11 × 10=4840.
Step 2: setting in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process, each time step oil pipe and annular space are steamed along each infinitesimal section of journey
Steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fraction value；
As shown in Fig. 2, being evenly dividing long oil pipe and annular space for m infinitesimal section, steam is flowed in long oil pipe from heel end
When toe-end, the steam pressure P ' of each infinitesimal section outlet end in long oil pipe is setl,outWith mass dryness fraction x 'l,out；Steam is through long oil pipe toe
When end flows to annular space heel end from annular space toe-end, the steam pressure P ' of annular space each infinitesimal section outlet end is seta,outAnd mass dryness fraction
x′a,out。
Step 3: in setting Method In Steam Injection Process, the changing value of each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree；
In the two-tube each time step simulation process of SAGD long horizontal well steam injection, it is assumed that reservoir pressure, temperature and saturation degree
Changing value is respectively δ P 'o,δT′o,δS′oWith δ S 'g。
Step 4: according to the conservation of mass and conservation of energy principle, considering gravity, capillary force, heat transfer, thermal convection and top
Bottom heat loss influences, and establishes oil in reservoir, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical model steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat；
Step 5: respectively to oily phase, water phase, the processing of steam phase source sink term；
Step 6: initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of known oil reservoir, outside pool boundary is closed boundary,
Oil reservoir inner boundary is level pressure steam injection, calculates each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, intensity value；
Seepage flow and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in reservoir are solved, by the changing value σ of the reservoir pressure acquired, temperature and saturation degree
Po, σ To, σ SoWith σ SgRespectively with its assumption value δ P 'o, δ T 'o, δ S 'oWith δ S 'gIt is compared, judges | δ Po-δP′o|<ε1, | δ To-
δT′o|<ε2,|δSo-δS′o|<ε3With | δ Sg-δS′g|<ε4Whether the condition of convergence is all satisfied, if not restraining, the oil reservoir pressure that will acquire
The changing value σ P of power, temperature and saturation degreeo,σTo,σSoWith σ SgAs assumption value, step 3 is gone to, if being all satisfied the condition of convergence,
Then enter step 7；ε1,ε2,ε3And ε4It is setting condition of convergence value；
Step 7: according to mass-conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, establishing steam in pit shaft
Flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer, judge to calculate whether resulting pit shaft is received along journey vapour pressure force value, temperature value and steam quality value
It holds back, step 2 is gone to if not restraining, otherwise, enter step 8；
Fig. 5 show two-tube SAGD routine steam injection fluid flowed in pit shaft and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer solve flow chart.Benefit
With the reservoir characteristics parameter acquired in wellbore parameters value and step 6 can to long oil pipe in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process and
The steam parameter regularity of distribution in annular space is calculated.
Steam parameter calculates in long oil pipe: using long oil pipe heel end steam injection parameter as primary condition, by formula (30) and
(31) the steam pressure P " of long oil pipe each infinitesimal section outlet end is calculated separatelyl,outWith mass dryness fraction x "l,out, the steam acquired is joined
Number is compared with its assumption value respectively, is judged | P 'l,out-P″l,out|<θ1With | x 'l,out-x″L, out|<θ2(θ1And θ2It is to set
Set condition of convergence value) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, by the steam pressure P " in the long oil pipe acquiredl,outWith it is dry
Spend x "l,outAs assumption value, iterate calculating, until meeting the condition of convergence, can acquire steam pressure P in long oil pipel,out
With mass dryness fraction xl,out, vapor (steam) temperature T in long oil pipe can be obtained in conjunction with formula (13)l,out；
Steam parameter calculates in annular space: using the steam parameter value of long oil pipe toe-end as primary condition, by formula (33) and
(34) calculate separately annular space toe-end to annular space heel end each infinitesimal section outlet end steam pressure P "a,outWith mass dryness fraction x "a,out, will
The steam parameter acquired is compared with its assumption value respectively, judgement | P 'a,out-P″a,out|<θ3With | x 'a,out-x″a,out|<θ4
(θ3And θ4It is setting condition of convergence value) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, the steam pressure P " that will acquirea,outWith
Mass dryness fraction x "a,outAs assumption value, iterate calculating, until meeting the condition of convergence, can acquire steam pressure P in annular spacea,out
With mass dryness fraction xa,out, corresponding vapor (steam) temperature T can be obtained in conjunction with formula (13)A, out；
Simultaneous annular pressure Distribution Value and reservoir pressure value, which pass through formula (37), can solve pit shaft along journey steam inbound traffics.
Export the time step calculate resulting reservoir pressure, temperature, intensity value and horizontal well pit shaft along journey steam pressure,
Temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics；
Step 8: judging whether simulated time reaches maximum analog time tmaxIf do not reached, step 2 is gone to, if
Future time step is set, step 2-8 is repeated, each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree and horizontal well pit shaft is calculated and is steamed along journey
Steam pressure, temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics, otherwise, calculating terminates.
In the step 1, any time oil and water density are both the function of temperature and the function of pressure in reservoir；Water phase
It is sought with steam phase any time relative permeability by interpolation, the saturation of oily phase any time relative permeability and steam two-phase
It spends related；Oil density calculation formula, water density calculation formula, oil relative permeability calculation formula respectively as formula (1), (2),
(3) shown in:
ρo=ρor[1+Cop(P-Pr)-Cot(T-Tr)] (1)
ρw=ρwr[1+Cwp(P-Pr)-Cwt(T-Tr)] (2)
Formula (1), (2), in (3), ρoAnd ρwThe respectively density of oil and water, kg/m3；ρorAnd ρwrRespectively reference pressure and
At a temperature of oil and water density, kg/m3；CopAnd CwpRespectively crude oil and the water compressed coefficient, 1/MPa；P and PrRespectively oil reservoir
Pressure and reference pressure, MPa；CotAnd CwtRespectively crude oil and the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, 1/ DEG C；T and TrRespectively reservoir temperature and
Reference temperature, DEG C；kroFor oil relative permeability, zero dimension；krocwFor oil relative permeability under irreducible water saturation, it is no because
It is secondary；krowAnd krwOil phase and water phase relative permeability, zero dimension respectively in oil-water system；krogAnd krgRespectively petroleum system
Middle oil phase and gas phase relative permeability, zero dimension；
Oil compressibility calculation formula, hydraulic pressure contracting coefficient formulas, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient calculation formula, hydro-thermal are swollen
Swollen coefficient formulas is respectively as shown in formula (4), (5), (6), (7):
Formula (4), (5), (6), in (7), VoAnd VwThe respectively apparent volume of crude oil and water, cm3；WithRespectively etc.
The changing value of crude oil and water volume with effective pressure, cm under the conditions of temperature3/MPa；WithCrude oil and water respectively under isothermy
Changing value of the volume with effective temperature, cm3/℃。
In the step 4, oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase mass-conservation equation, steam phase mass-conservation equation, energy
Conservation equation, pit shaft to stratum heat output calculation formula, saturated vapor thermodynamic equilibrium equation respectively as formula (8), (9), (10),
(11), (12), (13) are shown:
Qwell=Ql+Qa (12)
ln(Ps)=9.3876-3826.36/ (Ts-45.47) (13)
In formula (8)-(13), o, w and g respectively represent oily phase, water phase and steam phase；α is unit conversion coefficient；K is reservoir
Permeability, 10-3um2；kro、krwAnd krgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase relative permeability；uo、uwAnd ugRespectively oily phase,
Water phase and steam phase viscosity, Pas；Po、PwAnd PgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase pressure, Pa；ρo、ρwAnd ρgRespectively
Oily phase, water phase and steam phase density, kg/m3；G is acceleration of gravity, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qo、qwAnd qgWhen being respectively unit
Between inject in unit volume reservoir or oily phase, water phase and the steam phase volume of extraction, m3/(m3·s)；So、SwAnd SgIt is respectively oily
Phase, water phase and steam phase saturation；For reservoir pore degree；mcFor steam in unit chronomere volume reservoir under formation condition
Condense into the quality of water, kg/ (m3·s)；λRFor oil reservoir thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；ρRFor rock density, kg/m3；cRFor rock
Stone specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；H is the enthalpy of fluid, J/kg；QHFor unit chronomere volume reservoir injection or output energy,
J/(m3·s)；QlossFor the energy that unit chronomere volume reservoir is lost to top bottom, J/ (m3·s)；QwellWhen for unit
Between heat output between pit shaft and stratum, J/s；QlFor the heat that unit time long oil tube fluid is transmitted to stratum, J/s；QaFor
The heat that fluid is transmitted to stratum in unit time annular space, J/s；PsFor saturated vapour pressure, Pa；TsFor saturated-steam temperature,
℃；U is energy, J/kg in fluid；
Simultaneous oil phase, water phase and the oil of steam phase composition, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical modulo steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat
Type, after oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase+steam phase equation, energy conservation equation abbreviation, respectively such as formula (14), (15), (16)
It is shown:
In formula (14)-(16),
Mo、Mw、MgRespectively unit time unit volume output or the oil of injection, water, quantity of steam, kg/ (m3·s)。
In the step 5, to oily phase, water phase, the processing of steam phase source sink term, as shown in formula (17), formula (18), formula (19):
In formula (17)-(19), PwfFor flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP), Pa；Bo、Bw、BgThe respectively volume factor of oil, water, vapour；reFor oil
Well drainage radius, m；rwFor horizontal well wellbore radius, m；H is oil reservoir effective thickness, m；S is the complete well water horizontal well epidermis of cutting seam sieve tube
Coefficient.
In the step 5, the complete well water horizontal well skin factor S of cutting seam sieve tube calculates four of consideration near wellbore Complex Flows
Basic flowing region: Radial Flow caused by linear flow, single slot, radial direction caused by pit shaft circumference slot unit in slot
The Radial Flow of flowing and separate cutting seam sieve tube, the calculation formula of the complete well water horizontal well skin factor S of cutting seam sieve tube are as follows:
As γ≤v,
As γ > v,
khFor reservoir-level directional permeability, um2；kvFor reservoir vertical direction permeability, um2；kdFor reservoir pollution band infiltration
Saturating rate, um2；rehFor drilling well damage radius, mm；nsFor the slot item number of every slot unit；msFor on every element length screen casing perimeter
Slot number；wsDFor zero dimension slot width, wsD=ws/rw；wsFor slot width, mm；λ is slot length and slot unit
Ratio；klFor slot intrinsic permeability, 10-3um2；tsDFor zero dimension slot clogging depth, tsD=ts/rw；tsFor slot clogging depth
Degree, mm；lsDFor zero dimension slot length,lsFor slot length, mm；wuDFor zero dimension slot cell width,
wuD=(2ns-1)wsD；V is zero dimension radial flow radius caused by slot, γ causes for slot
Zero dimension axially stream radius, γ=lsD/2λ。
In the step 6, initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of oil reservoir, by formula (22), formula (23),
Formula (24), formula (25), (26) are sought:
P(x,y,z,t)|T=0=P0(x,y,z) (22)
T(x,y,z,t)|T=0=T0(x,y,z) (23)
Oil reservoir inner and outer boundary definite condition: outer boundary is closed boundary, does not have flowing in and out for fluid on outer boundary, i.e.,
Using impermeable boundary condition, as shown in formula (27):
Internal boundary condition: level pressure condition, which refers to, gives stable bottom hole pressure Pwf, as shown in formula (28):
In formula (22)-(28), P0For oil reservoir initial pressure, MPa；T0For initial temperature of reservoir, DEG C；WithRespectively
For oil reservoir initial oil, water and vapo(u)rous degree；X, y and z is respectively the mesh coordinate of oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction；Oil reservoir
It studies block size and well location schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1；Г is outside pool boundary；N is the normal direction of outside pool boundary；xw、yw
And zwThe respectively stable bottom hole pressure mesh coordinate of oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction；
Calculate reservoir pressure, temperature and saturation degree: firstly, water phase pressure PwWith steam phase pressure PgAccording to oil-containing phase pressure
PoGrease capillary force equation Pcwo=Po-PwWith oil and gas capillary force equation Pcog=Pg-PoCarry out the member that disappears；PcwoAnd PcogIt is respectively oily
Water two-phase and oil and gas two-phase capillary pressure, Pa；
Finite difference is carried out to formula (13)-(16) again, solves to obtain reservoir pressure, temperature, oil using fully implicit method
Phase saturation and water phase saturation, steam phase saturation is by normalizing equation So+Sw+Sg=1 acquires.
In the step 7,
Steam flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection duration oil pipe:
Shown in mass-conservation equation such as formula (29):
Shown in momentum conservation equation such as formula (30):
Pl,iAl-Pl,i+1Al-τl=(ρl,i+1Alvl,i+1)vl,i+1-(ρl,iAlvl,i)vl,i (30)
Shown in energy conservation equation such as formula (31):
When two-tube SAGD routine steam injection in annular space steam flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer:
Mass-conservation equation is converted into formula (32):
Momentum conservation equation is converted into formula (33):
Pa,i+1Aa-Pa,iAa-τa=(ρa,iAava,i)va,i-(ρa,i+1Aava,i+1)va,i+1 (33)
Energy conservation equation is converted into formula (34):
In formula (29)-(34), l and a respectively indicate long oil pipe and annular space；mlAnd maRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section
Steam mass flow, kg/s；
Dl is infinitesimal segment length, m；Pl,iAnd Pl,i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρl,i
And ρl,i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream vapour density, kg/m3；vl,iAnd vl,i+1In respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section,
Downstream steam flow velocity, m/s；AlAnd AaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section cross-sectional area, m2；τlAnd τaLong oil pipe and ring respectively
Frictional force between empty infinitesimal section inside pipe wall and steam, N；vlAnd vaSteam flow rate in respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section, m/
s；hlAnd haThe enthalpy of respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section steam, J/kg；mafFor unit length infinitesimal section in the unit time
Oil reservoir steam absorbing amount, kg/ (ms)；PA, i+1And Pa,iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρA, i+1With
ρA, iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam density, kg/m3；vA, i+1And vA, iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and under
Swim steam flow rate, m/s；varEnter the flow velocity on stratum, m/s for annular space steam.
In the step 7, fluid flows in long oil pipe and annular space when two-tube SAGD routine steam injection frictional force and well
Cylinder and the coupling in reservoir pressure field, temperature field are realized by following formula:
Shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (35) that steam flows in long oil pipe:
Consider cutting seam sieve tube tubular column structure feature, shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (36) that steam flows in annular space:
Pressure field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by steam injection amount formula, such as formula (37), formula (38), formula (39) institute
Show:
mg=ρa·J·(Pa-P)·Is (37)
Temperature field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by wellbore heat loss formula:
Shown in long oil pipe heat loss such as formula (40):
Shown in annular space heat loss such as formula (41), formula (42), formula (43), formula (44):
In formula (35)-(44), DlAnd DaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space internal diameter, m；flAnd faRespectively long oil pipe and screen casing
The coefficient of friction resistance；PgfFor infinitesimal section slot number of rows；luFor slot element length, m；τal(k) slot steam and screen casing inner wall are arranged for kth
Between frictional force, N；val(k) slot steam mass flow rates, kg/s are arranged for kth；mgTo be steamed in unit chronomere volume reservoir
Vapour injection rate, kg/s；P is reservoir pressure, Pa；J is well index, m3/(MPa·s)；IsTo inhale vapour index, zero dimension；EhTo examine
The thermal efficiency after considering top bottom cover layer heat loss, %；AdFor drainage area, DEG C；RlAnd RaRespectively from long oil pipe and screen casing inner wall to
Entire thermal resistance between oil reservoir, (m DEG C)/W；hlcFor convective heat-transfer coefficient in long oil pipe, W/ (m DEG C)；rloIt is outside long oil pipe half
Diameter, m；rsoFor screen casing outer radius, m；rsiFor screen casing inside radius, m；λsFor screen casing thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；λeIt is led for stratum
Hot coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；F (τ) is the function of time for reflecting unstable state property；αTFor stratum thermal diffusion coefficient, m2/h；τ is note
Vapour time, h.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 is to calculate in resulting long oil pipe and annular space to steam along journey in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process respectively
Steam pressure and temperature measured result comparison diagram in steam pressure, temperature value and annular space.As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, model prediction knot
Fruit is almost the same with measured result, pressure error 0.67%, and temperature error 0.17% shows that computation model is reliable.
Embodiment 2
A kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft as described in Example 1
Method is distinguished and is, reservoir buried depth 180m, oil reservoir thickness 20m, porosity 0.33, horizontal permeability 2700mD, vertical infiltration
Saturating rate is 1890mD, and original formation pressure 0.22MPa, prime stratum temperature is 10 DEG C, oil saturation 0.75, horizontal well
Horizontal section length 800m, screen casing internal diameter 209.1mm, outer diameter 219.1mm, thermal coefficient 44.85W/ (mK)；Short oil bore
77.9mm, outer diameter 88.9mm, absolute roughness 0.00005m, thermal coefficient 0.8W/ (mK)；Oil reservoir thermal coefficient 5.2W/
(m·K)。
Model accuracy is carried out verifying its calculating step and be implemented using two-tube SAGD routine steam injection model in embodiment 2
Example 1 is identical.Two-tube SAGD routine steam injection steam parameter is respectively long oil pipe heel end steam injection pressure 2.0MPa, steam in embodiment 2
Mass dryness fraction is 0.95；Figure 12 is to calculate resulting steam injection amount and oil field actual monitoring steam injection amount pair in two-tube SAGD routine steam injection process
Than figure, model prediction result and oil field actual monitoring result are almost the same, and worst error 7.25% shows that computation model can
It leans on.
Steam injection calculating step is two-tube SAGD long tube with the difference in embodiment 1 simultaneously:
Step 2: setting in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection process, each time step oil pipe and annular space are each micro- along journey
First section steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fraction value；
As shown in figure 3, being evenly dividing long oil pipe and annular space for m infinitesimal section, steam is flowed in long oil pipe from heel end
When toe-end, the steam pressure P ' of each infinitesimal section arrival end in long oil pipe is setl,inWith mass dryness fraction x 'l,in, setting annular space toe-end to ring
Sky converges the steam pressure P ' of position each infinitesimal section outlet endar,outWith mass dryness fraction x 'ar,out, setting short oil pipe heel end to annular space remittance
Coincidence sets the steam pressure P ' of place each infinitesimal section outlet endaf,outWith mass dryness fraction x 'af,out。
Step 7: according to mass-conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, establishing two-tube SAGD long tube
Flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer of the steam injection steam in pit shaft simultaneously, judges to calculate resulting pit shaft along journey vapour pressure force value, temperature
Whether angle value and steam quality value restrain, and step 2 is gone to if not restraining, and otherwise, enter step 8；
Fig. 7 show flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer of the steam injection fluid in pit shaft simultaneously of two-tube SAGD long tube and solves stream
Cheng Tu.It can be to two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection using the reservoir characteristics parameter acquired in wellbore parameters value and step 6
The steam parameter regularity of distribution in long oil pipe and annular space is calculated in the process.
Steam parameter calculates in long oil pipe: using long oil pipe toe-end steam injection parameter as primary condition, by formula (30) and
(31) the steam pressure P " of each infinitesimal section arrival end of long oil pipe is calculated separatelyl,inWith mass dryness fraction x "l,in, the steam parameter that will acquire
It is compared, judges with its assumption value respectively | P 'l,in-P″l,in|<ε5With | x 'L, out-x″L, out|<ε6(ε5And ε6It is that setting is received
Hold back condition value) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, by the steam pressure P " in the long oil pipe acquiredl,inAnd mass dryness fraction
x″l,inAs assumption value, iterate calculating, until meeting the condition of convergence, can acquire steam pressure P in long oil pipel,inWith it is dry
Spend xl,in, vapor (steam) temperature T in long oil pipe can be obtained in conjunction with formula (13)l,in；
Steam parameter calculates in annular space:
Assuming that long oil pipe and the steam of short oil pipe injection converge position in annular space during the two-way aggregate flow of steam.
Long oil pipe toe-end converges position steam parameter to annular space and calculates: using long oil pipe toe-end as coordinate origin, passing through formula
(34) and (36) calculate separately the steam pressure P " that long oil pipe toe-end converges position each infinitesimal section outlet end to annular spacear,outWith
Mass dryness fraction x "ar,out, the steam parameter acquired is compared with its assumption value respectively, is judged | P 'ar,out-P″ar,out|<ε7With |
x′ar,out-x″ar,out|<ε8(ε7And ε8It is setting condition of convergence value) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, will acquire
Steam pressure P "ar,outWith mass dryness fraction x "ar,outAs assumption value, iterate calculating, until meeting the condition of convergence, can acquire
Long oil pipe toe-end converges steam pressure P in the annular space of position to annular spaceAr, outWith mass dryness fraction xar,out, can be obtained accordingly in conjunction with formula (13)
Vapor (steam) temperature Tar,out；
Short oil pipe heel end converges position steam parameter to annular space and calculates: using short oil pipe heel end as coordinate origin, passing through formula
(34) and (36) calculate separately the steam pressure P " that short oil pipe heel end converges position each infinitesimal section outlet end to annular spaceaf,outWith
Mass dryness fraction x "af,out, the steam parameter acquired is compared with its assumption value respectively, is judged | P 'af,out-P″af,out|<ε9With |
x′af,out-x″af,out|<ε10(ε7And ε8It is setting condition of convergence value) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, will acquire
Steam pressure P "af,outWith mass dryness fraction x "af,outAs assumption value, iterate calculating, until meeting the condition of convergence, can acquire
Short oil pipe heel end converges steam pressure P in the annular space of position to annular spaceaf,outWith mass dryness fraction xaf,out, can be obtained accordingly in conjunction with formula (13)
Vapor (steam) temperature TAf, out；
Long oil pipe toe-end steam injection is calculated into resulting annular space and converges steam pressure P at positionN, ar, outWith short oil pipe heel end
Steam injection calculates resulting annular space and converges steam pressure P at positionN, af, outIt is compared, judges | Pn,ar,out-Pn,af,out|<ε11
(ε11For condition of convergence value is arranged) whether it is all satisfied the condition of convergence, if not restraining, assume that annular space converges position, iterates again
It calculates, until meeting the condition of convergence, can finally obtain steam pressure, temperature and greening in main road in long oil pipe and annular space.
Simultaneous annular pressure Distribution Value and reservoir pressure value, which pass through formula (39), can solve pit shaft along journey steam inbound traffics.
Export the time step calculate resulting reservoir pressure, temperature, intensity value and horizontal well pit shaft along journey steam pressure,
Temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics；
The total process of steam injection model solution is as shown in Figure 6 simultaneously for two-tube SAGD long tube；
In the step 7,
Steam flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection duration oil pipe:
Shown in mass-conservation equation such as formula (29):
Shown in momentum conservation equation such as formula (30):
Pl,iAl-Pl,i+1Al-τl=(ρl,i+1Alvl,i+1)vl,i+1-(ρl,iAlvl,i)vl,i (30)
Shown in energy conservation equation such as formula (31):
Two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously steam injection when annular space in the two-way aggregate flow of steam and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer:
The quality of steam difference △ m of annular space infinitesimal section is flowed in and out in unit timeaAre as follows:
Mass-conservation equation is converted into formula (33):
Momentum conservation equation is converted into formula (34):
Pa,i+1Aa-Pa,iAa-τa=(ρa,iAava,i)va,i-(ρa,i+1Aava,i+1)va,i+1 (34)
va=| vs-vl| (35)
Energy conservation equation is converted into formula (36):
In formula (29)-(36), l and a respectively indicate long oil pipe and annular space；mlAnd maRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section
Steam mass flow, kg/s；
Dl is infinitesimal segment length, m；Pl,iAnd Pl,i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρl,i
And ρL, i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream vapour density, kg/m3；vL, iAnd vL, i+1In respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section,
Downstream steam flow velocity, m/s；AlAnd AaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section cross-sectional area, m2；τlAnd τaRespectively long oil pipe and
Frictional force between annular space infinitesimal section inside pipe wall and steam, N；vlAnd vaSteam flow rate in respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section,
m/s；hlAnd haThe enthalpy of respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section steam, J/kg；L is pit shaft horizontal section length, m；X is short oil pipe
Steam and long oil pipe injection steam are injected in annular space encountered location, m；masAnd malRespectively short oil pipe and long oil pipe inject steam
Mass velocity in annular space, kg/s；masfAnd malfShort oil pipe injection steam and the injection of long oil pipe are steamed respectively in the unit time
Steam absorbing amount of the vapour in unit length infinitesimal section, kg/ (ms)；mafVapour is inhaled for the oil reservoir of unit length infinitesimal section in the unit time
Amount, kg/ (ms)；Pa,i+1And Pa,iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；ρa,i+1And ρa,iRespectively
Annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam density, kg/m3；vs,i+1And va,iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam stream
Speed, m/s；vsAnd vlSteam enters the flow velocity of annular space infinitesimal section, m/s respectively in short oil pipe and long oil pipe；varFor annular space steam
Into the flow velocity on stratum, m/s.
Steam injection steam injection parameter is respectively long oil pipe toe-end steam injection pressure 2.0MPa simultaneously for two-tube SAGD long oil pipe, short oil pipe,
Short oil pipe heel end steam injection pressure 2.0MPa, long oil pipe toe-end steam quality are 0.6, and short oil pipe heel end steam quality is 0.6.Such as figure
Shown in 9, the long oil pipe of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well, short oil pipe are simultaneously in steam injection process, and steam is in long oil pipe from heel end to toe-end
Flowing be one-way flow, it is opposite for entering the steam of annular space with the steam from short oil pipe heel end injection annular space from long oil pipe toe-end
Two-way aggregate flow.During two-tube SAGD long tube is with note, long oil pipe and annular space are along journey steam pressure, temperature, greening in main road
Rule is as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15；Net horizontal section is along journey formation temperature, the steam inbound traffics regularity of distribution such as Figure 16, Tu17Suo
Show；
As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, compared with two-tube SAGD routine steam injection, two-tube SAGD long tube is water with note advantage
Flat section steam injection uniformity coefficient and stratum were heated evenly degree and 6.18% and 20.34% have been respectively increased on day 1, at the 150th day
3.49% and 10.55% has been respectively increased.It follows that a kind of two-tube SAGD long water for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft of the present invention
The uniform steam injection method for numerical simulation of horizontal well can be effectively predicted during Double-pipe gas-injection that temperature, steam become a mandarin in any time oil reservoir
Amount and pit shaft are heated along the regularity of distribution of the parameters such as stroke pressure, temperature, mass dryness fraction for improving steam injection uniformity coefficient and stratum
Even degree formulates reasonable development plan and is of great significance.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection method for numerical simulation for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft, two-tube SAGD long
The well of horizontal well to including steam injection well and producing well, steam injection well and producing well include sequentially connected long oil pipe, short oil pipe with
And section cutting seam sieve tube, long oil pipe are lowered into horizontal well toe-end, short oil pipe is lowered into horizontal well heel end, when injection-production well does not start production
Reservoir condition be initial formation condition, in two-tube SAGD long horizontal well routine steam injection process, steam is infused by long oil pipe heel end
Enter to flow to toe-end, enter horizontal well annular space through long oil pipe toe-end, flows to heel end, two-tube SAGD long horizontal well long oil from annular space toe-end
Pipe, short oil pipe are simultaneously in steam injection process, and flowing of the steam in long oil pipe from heel end to toe-end is one-way flow, from long oil pipe toe-end
It is opposite two-way aggregate flow into the steam of annular space and the steam from short oil pipe heel end injection annular space；It is characterized in that, packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: according to reservoir characteristics parameter, it is viscous to read in original formation pressure, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, grease
Temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, oil compressibility, the water compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient, hydro-thermal
The coefficient of expansion, oil density and water density；
According to wellbore parameters, long oil pipe, the inside radius of short oil pipe and cutting seam sieve tube, outer radius, the coefficient of heat conduction, slot sieve are read in
Slot length, width, the density of pipe, horizontal well length, initialization model, and partitioning model grid；
Reservoir model is initialized, i.e. reservoir model is arranged before starting to simulate two-tube SAGD long horizontal well steam injection and is primitively laminated
Power, temperature, saturation degree, porosity, permeability, grease glue temperature, oil-water relative permeability, oil and gas relative permeability, crude oil compression
Coefficient, the water compressed coefficient, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient, the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, oil density and the initial stratum ginseng of these oil reservoirs of water density
Number；
Step 2: setting in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection process, each time step oil pipe and annular space are along each infinitesimal section of journey
Steam pressure, temperature and mass dryness fraction value；
Step 3: in setting Method In Steam Injection Process, the changing value of each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree；
Step 4: according to the conservation of mass and conservation of energy principle, considering gravity, capillary force, heat transfer, thermal convection and top bottom
Heat loss influences, and establishes oil in reservoir, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical model steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat；
Step 5: respectively to oily phase, water phase, the processing of steam phase source sink term；
Step 6: oneself knows initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of oil reservoir, and outside pool boundary is closed boundary, oil reservoir
Inner boundary is level pressure steam injection, calculates each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, intensity value；
Seepage flow and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in reservoir are solved, by the changing value σ P of the reservoir pressure acquired, temperature and saturation degreeo, σ To,
σSoWith σ SgRespectively with its assumption value δ P 'o, δ T 'o, δ S 'oWith δ S 'gIt is compared, judges | δ Po-δP′o| < ε1, | δ To-δT′o|
< ε2, | δ So-δS′o| < ε3With | δ Sg-δS′g| < ε4Whether the condition of convergence is all satisfied, if not restraining, the oil reservoir pressure that will acquire
The changing value σ P of power, temperature and saturation degreeo, σ To, σ SoWith σ SgAs assumption value, step 3 is gone to, if being all satisfied the condition of convergence,
Then enter step 7；ε1, ε2, ε3And ε4It is setting condition of convergence value；
Step 7: according to mass-conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, establishing two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously
Flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer of the steam injection steam in pit shaft judge to calculate resulting pit shaft along journey vapour pressure force value, temperature value
Whether restrained with steam quality value, step 2 is gone to if not restraining, otherwise, enters step 8；
Step 8: judging whether simulated time reaches maximum analog time tmaxIf do not reached, step 2 is gone to, under setting
One time step repeats step 2-8, calculates each time step reservoir pressure, temperature, saturation degree and horizontal well pit shaft along journey vapour pressure
Power, temperature, mass dryness fraction and steam inbound traffics, otherwise, calculating terminates.
2. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 1, water phase and steam phase any time relative permeability are sought by interpolation, oil
Phase any time relative permeability and the saturation degree of steam two-phase are related；Oil density calculation formula, water density calculation formula, oil
Phase relative permeability calculation formula is respectively as shown in formula (1), (2), (3):
ρo=ρor[1+Cop(P-Pr)-Cot(T-Tr)] (1)
ρw=ρwr[1+Cwp(P-Pr)-Cwt(T-Tr)] (2)
Formula (1), (2), in (3),
ρoAnd ρwThe respectively density of oil and water, kg/m3；
ρorAnd ρwrThe respectively density of oil and water of the reference pressure at a temperature of, kg/m3；
CopAnd CwpRespectively crude oil and the water compressed coefficient, 1/MPa；
P and PrRespectively reservoir pressure and reference pressure, MPa；
CotAnd CwtRespectively crude oil and the hydro-thermal coefficient of expansion, 1/ DEG C；
T and TrRespectively reservoir temperature and reference temperature, DEG C；
kroFor oil relative permeability, zero dimension；
krocwFor oil relative permeability under irreducible water saturation, zero dimension；
krowAnd krwOil phase and water phase relative permeability, zero dimension respectively in oil-water system；
krogAnd krgOil phase and gas phase relative permeability, zero dimension respectively in petroleum system；
Oil compressibility calculation formula, hydraulic pressure contracting coefficient formulas, crude oil thermal expansion coefficient calculation formula, hydro-thermal expansion system
Number calculation formula is respectively as shown in formula (4), (5), (6), (7):
Formula (4), (5), (6), in (7),
VoAnd VwThe respectively apparent volume of crude oil and water, cm3；
WithThe changing value of crude oil and water volume with effective pressure, cm respectively under isothermy3/MPa；
WithThe changing value of crude oil and water volume with effective temperature, cm respectively under isothermy3/℃。
3. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 4, oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase mass-conservation equation, steam phase quality
Conservation equation, energy conservation equation, pit shaft to stratum heat output calculation formula, saturated vapor thermodynamic equilibrium equation are respectively such as formula
(8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13) are shown:
Qwell=Ql+Qa (12)
ln(Ps)=9.3876-3826.36/ (Ts-45.47) (13)
In formula (8)-(13),
O, w and g respectively represent oily phase, water phase and steam phase；
α is unit conversion coefficient；
K is reservoir permeability, 10-3um2；
kro、krwAnd krgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase relative permeability；
uo、uwAnd ugRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase viscosity, Pas；
Po、PwAnd PgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase pressure, Pa；
ρo、ρwAnd ρgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase density, kg/m3；
G is acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
D is absolute altitude, m；
qo、qwAnd qgOily phase, water phase and the steam phase volume injected or produced respectively in unit time unit volume reservoir, m3/
(m3·s)；
So、SwAnd SgRespectively oily phase, water phase and steam phase saturation；
For reservoir pore degree；
mcFor under formation condition in unit chronomere volume reservoir steam condensation Cheng Shui quality, kg/ (m3·s)；
λRFor oil reservoir thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；
ρRFor rock density, kg/m3；
cRFor rock specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；
H is the enthalpy of fluid, J/kg；
QHFor the injection of unit chronomere volume reservoir or the energy of output, J/ (m3·s)；
QlossFor the energy that unit chronomere volume reservoir is lost to top bottom, J/ (m3·s)；
QwellFor the heat output between unit time pit shaft and stratum, J/s；
QlFor the heat that unit time long oil tube fluid is transmitted to stratum, J/s；
QaFor the heat that fluid in unit time annular space is transmitted to stratum, J/s；
PsFor saturated vapour pressure, Pa；
TsFor saturated-steam temperature, DEG C；
U is energy, J/kg in fluid；
Simultaneous oil phase, water phase and the oil of steam phase composition, water, Three phase 3 D mathematical model steam unstable state flowing and conducted heat,
After oily phase mass-conservation equation, water phase+steam phase equation, energy conservation equation abbreviation, respectively such as formula (14), (15), (16) institute
Show:
In formula (14)-(16),
Mo、Mw、MgRespectively unit time unit volume output or the oil of injection, water, quantity of steam, kg/ (m3·s)。
4. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 5, to oily phase, water phase, steam phase source sink term processing, as formula (17), formula (18),
Shown in formula (19):
In formula (17)-(19),
PwfFor flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP), Pa；
Bo、Bw、BgThe respectively volume factor of oil, water, vapour；
reFor oil well drainage radius, m；
rwFor horizontal well wellbore radius, m；
H is oil reservoir effective thickness, m；
S is the complete well water horizontal well skin factor of cutting seam sieve tube.
5. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 4
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 5, the following institute of calculation formula of the complete well water horizontal well skin factor S of cutting seam sieve tube
Show:
As γ≤v,
As γ > v,
khFor reservoir-level directional permeability, um2；
kvFor reservoir vertical direction permeability, um2；
kdFor reservoir pollution band permeability, um2；
rehFor drilling well damage radius, mm；
nsFor the slot item number of every slot unit；
msFor the slot number on every element length screen casing perimeter；
wsDFor zero dimension slot width, wsD=ws/rw；
wsFor slot width, mm；
λ is the ratio of slot length and slot unit；
klFor slot intrinsic permeability, 10-3um2；
tsDFor zero dimension slot clogging depth, tsD=ts/rw；
tsFor slot clogging depth, mm；
lsDFor zero dimension slot length,
lsFor slot length, mm；
wuDFor zero dimension slot cell width, wuD=(2ns-1)wsD；
V is zero dimension radial flow radius caused by slot,
γ is the axially stream radius of zero dimension caused by slot, γ=lsD/2λ。
6. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 6, initial pressure, initial temperature and the initial saturation degree of oil reservoir pass through formula
(22), formula (23), formula (24), formula (25), (26) are sought:
P (x, y, z, t) |T=0=P0(x, y, z) (22)
T (x, y, z, t) |T=0=T0(x, y, z) (23)
Oil reservoir inner and outer boundary definite condition: outer boundary is closed boundary, does not have flowing in and out for fluid on outer boundary, that is, uses
Impermeable boundary condition, as shown in formula (27):
Internal boundary condition: level pressure condition, which refers to, gives stable bottom hole pressure Pwf, as shown in formula (28):
In formula (22)-(28),
P0For oil reservoir initial pressure, MPa；
T0For initial temperature of reservoir, DEG C；
WithRespectively oil reservoir initial oil, water and vapo(u)rous degree；
X, y and z is respectively the mesh coordinate of oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction；
Γ is outside pool boundary；
N is the normal direction of outside pool boundary；
xw、ywAnd zwThe respectively stable bottom hole pressure mesh coordinate of oil reservoir X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction；
Calculate reservoir pressure, temperature and saturation degree: firstly, water phase pressure PwWith steam phase pressure PgAccording to oil-containing phase pressure Po's
Grease capillary force equation Pcwo=Po-PwWith oil and gas capillary force equation Pcog=Pg-PoCarry out the member that disappears；PcwoAnd PcogRespectively grease
Two-phase and oil and gas two-phase capillary pressure, Pa；
Finite difference is carried out to formula (13)-(16) again, it is mutually full to solve to obtain reservoir pressure, temperature, oil using fully implicit method
With degree and water phase saturation, steam phase saturation is by normalizing equation So+Sw+Sg=1 acquires.
7. a kind of two-tube SAGD long horizontal well even steam injection numerical value for considering oil reservoir and being coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Analogy method, which is characterized in that in the step 7,
Steam flowing and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer in two-tube SAGD long tube while steam injection duration oil pipe:
Shown in mass-conservation equation such as formula (29):
Shown in momentum conservation equation such as formula (30):
PL, iAl-PL, i+1Al-τl=(ρL, i+1AlvL, i+1)vL, i+1-(ρL, iAlvL, i)vL, i (30)
Shown in energy conservation equation such as formula (31):
Two-tube SAGD long tube simultaneously steam injection when annular space in the two-way aggregate flow of steam and mathematical Model of Heat Transfer:
The quality of steam difference Δ m of annular space infinitesimal section is flowed in and out in unit timeaAre as follows:
Mass-conservation equation is converted into formula (33):
Momentum conservation equation is converted into formula (34):
PA, i+1Aa-PA, iAa-τa=(ρA, iAavA, i)vA, i-(ρA, i+1AavA, i+1)vA, i+1 (34)
va=| vs-vl| (35)
Energy conservation equation is converted into formula (36):
In formula (29)-(36),
L and a respectively indicates long oil pipe and annular space；
mlAnd maRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section steam mass flow, kg/s；
Dl is infinitesimal segment length, m；
PL, iAnd PL, i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；
ρL, iAnd ρL, i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream vapour density, kg/m3；
vL, iAnd vL, i+1Respectively long oil pipe infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam flow rate, m/s；
AlAnd AaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section cross-sectional area, m2；
τlAnd τaFrictional force between respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section inside pipe wall and steam, N；
vlAnd vaSteam flow rate in respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section, m/s；
hlAnd haThe enthalpy of respectively long oil pipe and annular space infinitesimal section steam, J/kg；
L is pit shaft horizontal section length, m；
X is that short oil pipe injects steam and long oil pipe injects steam in annular space encountered location, m；
masAnd malThe respectively mass velocity of short oil pipe and long oil pipe injection steam in annular space, kg/s；
masfAnd malfShort oil pipe injection steam and long oil pipe injection steam are in unit length infinitesimal section respectively in the unit time
Steam absorbing amount, kg/ (ms)；
mafFor the oil reservoir steam absorbing amount of unit length infinitesimal section in the unit time, kg/ (ms)；
PA, i+1And PA, iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam pressure, Pa；
ρA, i+1And ρA, iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam density, kg/m3；
vA, i+1And vA, iRespectively annular space infinitesimal section upstream and downstream steam flow velocity, m/s；
vsAnd vlSteam enters the flow velocity of annular space infinitesimal section, m/s respectively in short oil pipe and long oil pipe；
varEnter the flow velocity on stratum, m/s for annular space steam.
8. the two-tube SAGD long Uniform Horizontal Well note that a kind of -7 any consideration oil reservoirs are coupled with pit shaft according to claim 1
Vapour method for numerical simulation, which is characterized in that in the step 7, frictional force and well that fluid flows in long oil pipe and annular space
Cylinder and the coupling in reservoir pressure field, temperature field are realized by following formula:
Shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (37) that steam flows in long oil pipe:
Consider cutting seam sieve tube tubular column structure feature, shown in the frictional force expression formula such as formula (38) that steam flows in annular space:
Pressure field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by steam injection amount formula, as shown in formula (39), formula (40), formula (41):
mg=ρa·J·(Pa-P)·Is (39)
Temperature field in pit shaft and reservoir is coupled by wellbore heat loss formula:
Shown in long oil pipe heat loss such as formula (42):
Shown in annular space heat loss such as formula (43), formula (44), formula (45), formula (46):
In formula (37)-(46),
DlAnd DaRespectively long oil pipe and annular space internal diameter, m；
flAnd faRespectively long oil pipe and the screen casing coefficient of friction resistance；
PgfFor infinitesimal section slot number of rows；
luFor slot element length, m；
τal(k) frictional force between slot steam and screen casing inner wall, N are arranged for kth；
val(k) slot steam mass flow rates, kg/s are arranged for kth；
mgFor steam injection in unit chronomere volume reservoir, kg/s；
P is reservoir pressure, Pa；
J is well index, m3/(MPa·s)；
IsTo inhale vapour index, zero dimension；
EhTo consider the thermal efficiency after the bottom cover layer heat loss of top, %；
AdFor drainage area, DEG C；
RlAnd RaRespectively from long oil pipe and screen casing inner wall to entire thermal resistance oil reservoir, (m DEG C)/W；
hlcFor convective heat-transfer coefficient in long oil pipe, W/ (m DEG C)；
rloFor long oil pipe outer radius, m；
rsoFor screen casing outer radius, m；
rsiFor screen casing inside radius, m；
λsFor screen casing thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；
λeFor formation thermal conductivity, W/ (m DEG C)；
F (τ) is the function of time for reflecting unstable state property；
αTFor stratum thermal diffusion coefficient, m2/h；
τ is steam injection time, h.
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| CN110378046A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-25 | 王新海 | A kind of heterogeneous skin factor calculation method of stratified deposit |
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| CN111079341A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-04-28 | 西安石油大学 | Intelligent well completion and oil reservoir unsteady state coupling method based on iterative algorithm |
| CN112796745A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-05-14 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining production dynamic data of steam flooding oil reservoir |
| CN113419035A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Experimental device and experimental method for developing heavy oil reservoir through multi-medium composite SAGD |
| CN113818853A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device for simulating steam injection of SAGD horizontal well and application method thereof |
| CN113863908A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-12-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for improving steam injection uniformity of SAGD horizontal well |
| CN115324546A (en) * | 2022-08-28 | 2022-11-11 | 重庆科技学院 | SAGD steam preheating effect prediction method, simulation experiment device and simulation method thereof |
| CN116522686A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | SAGD two-dimensional oil reservoir numerical simulation scale upgrading method for correcting viscosity-temperature curve |
| CN116882218A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 北京大学 | Oil reservoir numerical simulation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN110378046A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-25 | 王新海 | A kind of heterogeneous skin factor calculation method of stratified deposit |
| CN110378046B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-07-10 | 王新海 | Heterogeneous skin coefficient calculation method for layered oil reservoir |
| CN110513091A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-29 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of long horizontal sections multiple spot steam injection measuring device for heavy crude heat extraction experiment |
| CN111079341A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-04-28 | 西安石油大学 | Intelligent well completion and oil reservoir unsteady state coupling method based on iterative algorithm |
| CN111079341B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2021-10-01 | 西安石油大学 | Intelligent well completion and oil reservoir unsteady state coupling method based on iterative algorithm |
| CN112796745A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-05-14 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining production dynamic data of steam flooding oil reservoir |
| CN112796745B (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-10-11 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining production dynamic data of steam flooding oil reservoir |
| CN113863908A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-12-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for improving steam injection uniformity of SAGD horizontal well |
| CN113818853A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device for simulating steam injection of SAGD horizontal well and application method thereof |
| CN113419035A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Experimental device and experimental method for developing heavy oil reservoir through multi-medium composite SAGD |
| CN113419035B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2023-01-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Experimental device and experimental method for developing heavy oil reservoir through multi-medium composite SAGD |
| CN115324546A (en) * | 2022-08-28 | 2022-11-11 | 重庆科技学院 | SAGD steam preheating effect prediction method, simulation experiment device and simulation method thereof |
| CN115324546B (en) * | 2022-08-28 | 2023-09-08 | 重庆科技学院 | SAGD steam preheating achievement prediction method, simulation experiment device and simulation method thereof |
| CN116522686A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | SAGD two-dimensional oil reservoir numerical simulation scale upgrading method for correcting viscosity-temperature curve |
| CN116522686B (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | SAGD two-dimensional oil reservoir numerical simulation scale upgrading method for correcting viscosity-temperature curve |
| CN116882218A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 北京大学 | Oil reservoir numerical simulation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN116882218B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-21 | 北京大学 | Oil reservoir numerical simulation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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