CN109596936B - Double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system - Google Patents
Double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system, and relates to the technical field of aviation alternating-current motors. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining three-phase winding current of an exciter rotor, then filtering the obtained three-phase winding current of the exciter rotor to obtain fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of the three-phase current of the rotor, and realizing fault detection when a fault occurs according to open-circuit fault characteristics of two rotating diodes of a rotating rectifier by monitoring amplitude change conditions of the fundamental waves, the second harmonic waves and the third harmonic waves of the three-phase current of the rotor on line. The method has the advantages that the data calculation amount is small, the state information of the rotating rectifier is obtained without model training and off-line simulation, and the open-circuit faults of two rotating diodes of the rotating rectifier can be detected in the static, electric and power generation states of the three-level brushless synchronous motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation alternating current motors, in particular to a double-rotating-diode open-circuit fault detection method and system for an aviation three-phase alternating current excitation system.
Background
With the rapid development of the large airplane technology, a high-voltage wide-frequency-conversion power generation system with a starting/power generation integrated function is an important development direction of future aviation alternating-current power supply systems. At present, three-stage brushless synchronous motors are mostly adopted as generators in the alternating current power supply system of the airplane in China, the generators do not have the function of starting an aircraft engine, and the engine needs special starting equipment. If the rotary armature type direct current excitation system of the original three-stage brushless synchronous motor is replaced by a three-phase alternating current excitation system, and the three-stage brushless synchronous motor is controlled to operate in an electric state to complete the starting of the engine, namely the starting/power generation integration is realized, a special starter can be omitted, and the onboard weight and the system volume are reduced. In a three-phase ac excitation system, a rotating rectifier serves as a core member for connecting a main motor and an exciter, and is responsible for rectifying three-phase electricity of an exciter rotor winding into direct current and supplying an excitation current to the main motor. Topologically, the rotating rectifier is generally a three-phase bridge diode rectifier circuit composed of six rotating diodes. The output capability of the excitation system will be reduced due to the open circuit fault of the rotating diode after the excitation system is subjected to inevitable impact and aging effect during operation. Especially, when two rotating diodes have open circuit faults, the output capacity of an excitation system is remarkably reduced, if the excitation system does not detect the faults and changes a closed-loop control strategy, the excitation current in a stator winding of an exciter is increased sharply, and the whole starting/generating system is broken down and harms the whole airborne power grid system.
At present, the fault of the rotating diode of the traditional rotating armature type direct current excitation system can be carried out by methods of adding a detection coil on the stator side of an exciter, carrying out Fourier analysis on the stator current, carrying out Fourier analysis on the terminal voltage of a main motor and the like. However, the topology of the three-phase ac exciter is completely different from that of the rotating armature exciter:
1. the rotary armature type exciter is a synchronous motor, and the three-phase alternating current exciter is an induction motor;
2. the stator winding of the rotary armature type exciter is a set of direct current winding, and the stator of the three-phase alternating current exciter is a three-phase alternating current winding;
3. the stator winding of the main motor is connected with the inverter in the starting process, and the terminal voltage of the stator winding is inconvenient for Fourier analysis.
Therefore, the conventional fault detection method for a rotating armature type dc excitation system is not suitable for a three-phase ac excitation system.
The fault detection method of the rotating diode aiming at the three-phase alternating current excitation system mainly comprises the following steps:
1. an intelligent algorithm is adopted, and the algorithm needs a large amount of data samples to train the model;
2. an Euler distance method is adopted, and various state information of the rotary rectifier is acquired by relying on a large amount of off-line simulation;
3. and carrying out harmonic analysis on three-phase currents of the exciter rotor, and carrying out fault detection by using residual errors of current distortion rates between any two phases.
The method has large data calculation amount and needs to improve the processing speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system, aiming at the problems that the existing rotating rectifier fault detection method based on a rotating armature type direct-current excitation system cannot be applied to a three-phase alternating-current excitation system, and meanwhile, the existing three-phase alternating-current excitation system method needs model training, depends on off-line simulation and is large in data calculation amount.
A double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system comprises the following steps:
obtaining three-phase winding current of an exciter rotor;
filtering the obtained three-phase winding current of the exciter rotor to obtain fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of the three-phase current of the rotor;
the fault detection when the fault occurs is realized according to the open circuit fault characteristics of the two rotating diodes of the rotating rectifier by monitoring the amplitude change conditions of fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of three-phase current of the rotor on line.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the current of the three-phase winding of the exciter rotor is online monitoring through a filtering method.
Preferably, the fault signature is identified as follows:
when one phase winding of three-phase windings of the exciter rotor does not detect a fundamental current component and the remaining two phase windings detect a third harmonic current component, two rotating diodes on one bridge arm of the rotating rectifier simultaneously break down;
when the exciter rotor three-phase windings detect secondary harmonic current components and the three-phase windings detect no third harmonic current components, the diodes of two upper bridge arms or two lower bridge arms of the rotary rectifier have open-circuit faults;
when the three-phase windings of the rotor of the exciter detect the third harmonic current component and only one phase winding of the three-phase windings detects the second harmonic component, the diodes on one upper bridge arm and the other lower bridge arm of the rotary rectifier have open-circuit faults.
The double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for the aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method has small data calculation amount, and the state information of the rotating rectifier is obtained without model training and off-line simulation.
2. The method can detect the open-circuit fault of two rotating diodes of the rotating rectifier in the static, electric and power generation states of the three-stage brushless synchronous motor.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for detecting an open-circuit fault of a double-rotary diode of an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an aviation three-phase AC excitation system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a fault detection of a rotating diode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for detecting open-circuit faults of double rotating diodes of an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a novel detection method for meeting the requirements of a starting/power generation system for online monitoring and fault identification of open-circuit faults of two rotating diodes by online monitoring of the change condition of current harmonic components of an exciter rotor, and the method includes:
step 100: and obtaining the three-phase winding current of the exciter rotor.
Step 200: and filtering the obtained three-phase winding current of the exciter rotor to obtain fundamental waves, second harmonics and third harmonics of the three-phase current of the rotor.
As shown in fig. 2, the method is described: the two-phase winding current (assumed as i) of the exciter stator collected by the current sensor is respectivelyAAnd iB) Two-phase winding phase voltage (assumed to be u) acquired by voltage sensorAAnd uB) And exciter rotor position information (assumed to be theta) is sent to a rotating diode fault detection controller (hereinafter referred to as the controller), which first uses an exciter stator voltage equation and a flux linkage equation to solve the exciter rotor three-phase current (i)rA、irBAnd irC) Then filtering (including band-pass filtering and band-stop filtering) the three-phase current of the exciter rotor, and monitoring the fundamental wave (i) of the three-phase current of the exciter rotor in real time and on linerAlst、irB1stAnd irC1st) Second harmonic (i)rA2nd、irB2ndAnd irC2nd) And third harmonic wave (
And
) The amplitude value.
Step 300: the fault detection when the fault occurs is realized according to the open circuit fault characteristics of the two rotating diodes of the rotating rectifier by monitoring the amplitude change conditions of fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of three-phase current of the rotor on line.
As shown in fig. 3, A, B, C in the figure each represents a phase winding. When the controller detects that the harmonic components of the current in the three-phase winding change, the fault type is distinguished according to the fault characteristics. The fault characteristics are distinguished when a fault occurs according to the following steps:
when one phase winding of the three-phase winding of the exciter rotor does not detect the fundamental current component and the other two phase windings detect the third harmonic current component, two rotating diodes on one bridge arm of the rotating rectifier simultaneously fail (for example, open circuit failures occur on No. 1 and No. 4, or No. 3 and No. 6, or No. 5 and No. 2 in the figure).
When the exciter rotor three-phase windings detect the second harmonic current component and the three-phase windings detect no third harmonic current component, the diodes of the two upper bridge arms or the two lower bridge arms of the rotating rectifier have open circuit faults (such as 1 and 3, or 1 and 5, or 3 and 5, or 4 and 6, or 4 and 2, or 2 and 6 in the figure).
When the three-phase windings of the rotor of the exciter detect the third harmonic current component, and meanwhile, one and only one phase windings of the three-phase windings detect the second harmonic component, the diodes on one upper bridge arm and the other lower bridge arm of the rotating rectifier have open circuit faults (such as 1 and 6, or 1 and 2, or 3 and 4, or 3 and 2, or 5 and 4, or 5 and 6 in the figure).
And when the controller acquires the fault type according to the fault characteristics, the controller sends a fault alarm instruction, and the fault detection is finished.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A double-rotating diode open-circuit fault detection method for an aviation three-phase alternating-current excitation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining three-phase winding current of an exciter rotor;
filtering the obtained three-phase winding current of the exciter rotor to obtain fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of the three-phase current of the rotor;
the fault detection during the fault is realized according to the open circuit fault characteristics of two rotating diodes of the rotating rectifier by monitoring the amplitude change conditions of fundamental waves, second harmonic waves and third harmonic waves of three-phase current of the rotor on line;
the fault characteristics are distinguished according to the following steps:
when one phase winding of three-phase windings of the exciter rotor does not detect a fundamental current component and the remaining two phase windings detect a third harmonic current component, two rotating diodes on one bridge arm of the rotating rectifier simultaneously break down; or
When the exciter rotor three-phase windings detect secondary harmonic current components and the three-phase windings detect no third harmonic current components, the diodes of two upper bridge arms or two lower bridge arms of the rotary rectifier have open-circuit faults; or
When the three-phase windings of the rotor of the exciter detect the third harmonic current component and only one phase winding of the three-phase windings detects the second harmonic component, the diodes on one upper bridge arm and the other lower bridge arm of the rotary rectifier have open-circuit faults.
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| CN110470984B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-01-05 | 西北工业大学 | Fault on-line detection and positioning method for three-stage starter generator rotating rectifier |
| CN111682703B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-12-31 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Rotating diode state monitoring system and method for brushless excitation system |
| CN111856275B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-05-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multiple open-circuit fault diagnosis method suitable for multi-phase motor driver |
| CN111983419B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-06-23 | 清华大学 | Method and system for detecting diode faults in a multiphase brushless exciter rectifier |
| CN112230117B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2023-11-24 | 三门核电有限公司 | Fault on-line detection system and method for rotating diode of AP1000 bar power unit |
| CN113608144A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-05 | 阳江核电有限公司 | Brushless exciter and quick judging method for short-circuit fault of rotating armature winding thereof |
| CN113777530B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-07-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for rotating diode of inner rotor type three-phase brushless exciter |
| CN114325480B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-09-29 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | Diode open-circuit fault detection method and device for multiphase brushless exciter |
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