CN109596800A - A kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement - Google Patents
A kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596800A CN109596800A CN201811580953.4A CN201811580953A CN109596800A CN 109596800 A CN109596800 A CN 109596800A CN 201811580953 A CN201811580953 A CN 201811580953A CN 109596800 A CN109596800 A CN 109596800A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
A kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement, it is related to a kind of aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method, it includes: one, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope to original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wMechanical property is tested in 2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test；Two, the hot malleability test of original blank；Three, sheathed extrusion blank or jacket upsetting pull blank, obtain high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.The present invention aluminum matrix composite bar and forging stock that by sheathed extrusion under high temperature and jacket upsetting pull acquisition forming quality, preferable, surface is significantly improved without macroscopic cracking and malleability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping methods, and in particular to a kind of high-volume fractional whisker increasing
Strong 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method.
Background technique
The advantages such as aluminum matrix composite is light with its, high-intensitive, high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, thermal expansion coefficient is low, it has also become army
The high-tech sectors such as thing national defence, aerospace indispensable lightweight structure material and functional material.But due to being closed with aluminium
The introducing for the brittle reinforcement that auri volume property differs greatly hinders the long-range of dislocation in parent metal when deformation to slide, and
Brittle reinforcement breaking strain is generally all very low.It is broken when additional strain is lower, induces matrix and generate micro-crack,
Especially when whisker reinforcement volume fraction is higher, it is also easy to produce crackle.For particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, when volume fraction compared with
Hour is easier to thermoplastic forming, and volume fraction is higher, is difficult to prepare forging stock by thermoplastic forming.For crystal whisker reinforced aluminium-based
Composite material is more difficult to hot forming since enhancing phase size is larger.In addition to this, due in prepared by aluminum matrix composite
Enhance phase material distribution inhomogeneities so that large-sized aluminum matrix composite phase smaller size be more difficult to realize heat at
Shape.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, propose a kind of raising aluminum matrix composite malleability, improve forging stock at
The high-volume fractional SiC of form quality amountw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of whisker reinforcement.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of high-volume fractional SiC based on sheathed extrusion is providedw+Al18B4O33wIt is brilliant
It must 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping methods of enhancing；It includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: high to original as cast condition using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope
Volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test test force
Learn performance；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, sheathed extrusion blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum-base composite of whisker reinforcement
Material is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, the temperature that step 2 determines be 470 DEG C-
Band jacket blank is squeezed at 510 DEG C；
Four, sheathed extrusion material malleability is tested: being cut sample from the pressing material after sheathed extrusion and is carried out upsetting pull experiment, upsetting
It pulls out experiment deformation temperature and is set as 470 DEG C -510 DEG C, strain rate is set as 0.01S-1, during upsetting pull both axially and radially
Compression, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of high-volume fractional SiC based on jacket upsetting pull is providedw+Al18B4O33w
2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of whisker reinforcement；It includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: high to original as cast condition using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope
Volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test test force
Learn performance；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, jacket upsetting pull blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum-base composite of whisker reinforcement
Material is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, 470 DEG C -510 of temperature determined in step 2
At DEG C, with pass deformation 8%-10%, multi-pass axial direction jumping-up is carried out to axial 30% deformation, 90 ° is overturn, carries out radial pressure
Contracting 8%-10% rotates blank, then carries out radial compression 8%-10%, repeats this radial compression process along whole circumference, completes
Afterwards, axial jumping-up 8%-10% is carried out, then carries out above-mentioned radial compression process, then carry out axial upsetting process, multi-pass repeats
This process；Final axial compression amount reaches 50%-70%, and radial compression amount reaches 40%-50%, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw
+Al18B4O332024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of w whisker reinforcement.
Further, the high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wSiC in 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcementw+
Al18B4O33wThe volume fraction of whisker is 15%-25%.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is
The present invention carries out malleability test to aluminum matrix composite using different size sample；And propose high-volume fractional
SiCw+Al18B4O33wMetal whisker reinforced composite sheathed extrusion forming technique, its room temperature of bar manufactured by sheathed extrusion are anti-
Tensile strength reaches 350MPa, is much higher than original die casting blank tensile strength 100Mpa, compared with the room temperature elongation percentage of as cast condition 0.2%, warp
The bar for crossing sheathed extrusion acquisition is about 2.0%, is being extended via sheathed extrusion high-volume fractional metal whisker reinforced composite
Property and intensity are all significantly improved, and obtain bar of the surface without macroscopic cracking.The forging stock table obtained by jacket upsetting pull
Face is without macroscopic cracking.The present invention overcomes current high-volume fractional metal whisker reinforced composite malleabilitys, and poor, Plastic Forming is easily opened
The defect split is the effective ways of a kind of malleability for improving high-volume fractional metal whisker reinforced composite and mechanical property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite horizontal organization of whisker reinforcement
Figure；
Fig. 2 is original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite longitudinal tissue of whisker reinforcement
Figure；
Fig. 3 is original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement is axial, radial
Room temperature tensile stress-strain curve diagram；
Fig. 4 is Φ 8mm × 12mm sample hot compression test result figure；
Fig. 5 is Φ 60mm × 60mm sample hot compression test result figure；
Fig. 6 is Φ 190mm × 300mm sample hot compression test result figure；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of extrusion die cavity plate；
Fig. 8 is the pictorial diagram of extrusion die cavity plate；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of extrusion billet and fine aluminium jacket；
Figure 10 is the bar after non-sheathed extrusion；
Figure 11 is the bar after sheathed extrusion；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of upsetting pull blank and aluminium alloy jacket；
Figure 13 is the blank after non-jacket upsetting pull；
Figure 14 is the blank after jacket upsetting pull；
Figure 15 is original as cast condition aluminum matrix composite and sheathed extrusion material room temperature tensile stress strain curve figure；
Figure 16 is the sheathed extrusion bar malleability result figure that axial-radial respectively compresses 20%；
Figure 17 is the sheathed extrusion bar malleability result figure that axial-radial respectively compresses 30%；
Figure 18 is the micro-organization chart of as cast condition aluminum matrix composite；
Figure 19 is the micro-organization chart of aluminum matrix composite after sheathed extrusion.
Specific embodiment
To further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 1-Figure 19, a kind of high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement
Jacket thermo shaping method, it includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: high to original as cast condition using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope
Volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test test force
Learn performance；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, sheathed extrusion blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum-base composite of whisker reinforcement
Material is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, the temperature that step 2 determines be 470 DEG C-
Band jacket blank is squeezed at 510 DEG C；
Four, sheathed extrusion material malleability is tested: being cut sample from the pressing material after sheathed extrusion and is carried out upsetting pull experiment, upsetting
It pulls out experiment deformation temperature and is set as 470 DEG C -510 DEG C, strain rate is set as 0.01S-1, during upsetting pull both axially and radially
Compression, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.
Original as cast condition SiCw+Al18B4O33wHorizontal organization (Fig. 1 of 2024 Al alloy composite microstructure of whisker reinforcement
It is shown) and longitudinal tissue (as shown in Figure 2), show aluminum matrix composite in extrusion casint preparation process, Al-alloy metal liquid
Fail to fully penetrate into the gap between reinforcement whisker, there are as cast condition defects.These defects pole during deformation after unloading
Easily germinating micro-crack, reduces material deformability, and axial, the radial room temperature tensile stress-strain of the original aluminum matrix composite of Fig. 3 is bent
((abscissa " strain " represents strain, and ordinate " stress " represents stress), wherein the curve where ■ indicates axial former to line
Beginning as cast condition SiCw+Al18B4O33wThe elongation percentage of 2024 Al alloy composite of whisker reinforcement, the curve at ▲ place indicate radial
Original as cast condition SiCw+Al18B4O33wThe elongation percentage of 2024 Al alloy composite of whisker reinforcement.As it can be seen that original as cast condition SiCw+
Al18B4O33w2024 Al alloy composite axial direction room temperature elongation percentage of whisker reinforcement is lower than radial room temperature elongation percentage, for original casting
State aluminum matrix composite shows plasticity otherness in different directions can bring larger difficulty to thermoplastic forming.
Preferably, high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wSiC in 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcementw+
Al18B4O33wThe volume fraction of whisker is 15%-25%.By taking 20% volume fraction as an example:
Test 20% volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33wCrystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material malleability and formable temperature,
Since there are reinforced phases to be unevenly distributed for high volume fraction particle reinforced composite preparation process, it can not reflect practical forming with small sample
Situation.The present embodiment is proposed using 190 × 300mm of Φ, Φ 60mm × 60mm, tri- kinds of Φ 8mm × 12mm different dimensions
Bar carries out malleability and temperature test.Test result is respectively if Φ 8mm × 12mm small sample compression verification of Fig. 4 is as a result, Fig. 5
Φ 60mm × 60mm in sample compression verification as a result, shown in Φ 190mm × 300mm bulk specimen compression verification result of Fig. 6.
Fig. 4 left figure shows that in 470 DEG C of -510 DEG C of high-temperature area compressive surfaces, Fig. 4 middle graph shows 370 without macroscopic cracking
DEG C of -410 DEG C medium temperature regions push the slight macroscopic crackings of contracting surface appearance, and the right figure of Fig. 4 shows in 270 DEG C of -310 DEG C of low-temperature spaces
There is obvious deeper macroscopic cracking in compressive surfaces under domain, show that high volume fraction particle reinforced composite is suitable at 470 DEG C -510
It is shaped at DEG C.
Fig. 5 is that the aluminum matrix composite sample of size in Φ 60mm × 60mm is used to use at 470 DEG C -510 DEG C with 40%
It is compressed axially, blank side surface just forms shallower longitudinal crack due to being acted on by tangential stress, shows the medium size
High volume fraction particle reinforced composite show stronger crushing resistance.The left figure of Fig. 5 indicates high temperature compressed original sample, Fig. 5
Right figure indicate sample after high temperature compressed 40% degree.
To reduce high volume fraction particle reinforced composite preparation process, there are reinforced phases to be unevenly distributed to its malleability of test
Influence, Fig. 6 be using Φ 190mm × 300mm large scale aluminum matrix composite sample at 470 DEG C -510 DEG C hot compression test
As a result, there is obvious deeper macroscopic cracking in hot compression sample side surface, show for high-volume fractional aluminum-base composite material
Expect bulk specimen, even if shaping in higher temperature section, still thermoplasticity is poor, is also easy to produce crackle, it is difficult to direct thermoplastic forming.
Step 3 sheathed extrusion forming technique is used to this, described in following examples: in order to guarantee that extrusion stability is reliable,
Obtained extrusion billet performance is stablized, and using Extruding die as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, which is the prior art.Using packet
Set extrusion forming process extrusion molding at 470 DEG C -510 DEG C to aluminum matrix composite, extrusion ratio is 9:1 at this time.Specifically: it will
The SiC of original as cast condition volume fraction 20%w+Al18B4O33wIt is 60mm that 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement, which is cut into diameter,
The extruded bar stock of high 60mm, selected sheath material are pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, having a size of outer diameter 72mm, internal diameter 60mm, height
60mm, extrusion billet as shown in Figure 9 and fine aluminium jacket, high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminium base of whisker reinforcement is multiple
Graphite lubrication is used between condensation material and jacket, is put into heating furnace and heats, and keeps the temperature 2 hours after arriving temperature.Setting diameter is 60mm,
High 60mm extruded bar stock without jacket aluminum matrix composite sample under identical molding condition extrusion molding.As shown in Figure 10, not
The a large amount of macroscopic cracking of billet surface appearance of sheathed extrusion, and the billet surface after the jacket as the result is shown of Figure 11 sheathed extrusion
There is no macroscopic cracking.Wherein, the upper figure of Figure 11 indicates that the bar figure for not peelling off jacket, the following figure of Figure 11 indicate to peel off the stick of jacket
Material figure.
Poor for 2024 Al alloy composite plasticity of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement, hot-working is easy to appear crackle, compared with
The application of the malleability limitation aluminum matrix composite of difference, the bar by the acquisition after fine aluminium sheathed extrusion is not cracked, table
Face forming quality is higher, this is because the fine aluminium jacket outside composite material can hinder composite material in extrusion process used for forming
It is same with this so that the frictional force from extrusion die inner surface is transferred on fine aluminium jacket with the direct contact of extrusion die
When also reduce composite material directly contacted with extrusion die in extrusion process caused by temperature loss.Due to mutually synthermal
The yield strength of lower fine aluminium is less than composite material yield strength, therefore fine aluminium jacket is preferentially sent out in material extrusion process used for forming
Raw plastic deformation, and the plasticity of fine aluminium is preferable, can bear significantly to deform, therefore, surface is simultaneously in extrusion process used for forming
The crackle for being not perpendicular to the direction of extrusion generates, and since there are graphitic lubricants between fine aluminium jacket and composite material, comes
The frictional force on self compaction die inside surface can't be transferred to composite material surface, to ensure that composite material is squeezing change
The uniformity of Plastic Flow everywhere during shape.
On the basis of the forming of above-mentioned sheathed extrusion, 20% high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement aluminium deformed to sheathed extrusion
Based composites carry out tension test, and Figure 15 is original as cast condition, sheathed extrusion state material room temperature tensile stress strain curve.Its
In, wherein the curve where ■ indicates original as cast condition SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 Al alloy composite of whisker reinforcement, ▲ place
Curve indicate sheathed extrusion forming after SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 Al alloy composite of whisker reinforcement, can be with from figure
Find out as cast condition aluminum matrix composite through extrusion ratio be 9:1 the deformed room temperature elongation percentage of sheathed extrusion be about 2.0%, relatively cast
The room temperature elongation percentage of state 0.2% improves, and its intensity also has clear improvement after sheathed extrusion deforms, tensile strength from
100MPa is increased to 350MPa.The tensile strength of material and elongation percentage have all obtained significantly mentioning after sheathed extrusion deforms
Height,
In order to test the hot malleability of jacket bar after extruding, cut from sheathed extrusion bar having a size of 14mm × 14mm
The blocky sample of × 14mm carries out upsetting pull experiment, loads both axially and radially during upsetting pull.Upsetting pull experiment deformation temperature is set
It is set to 470 DEG C -510 DEG C, strain rate is set as 0.01S-1.As Figure 16 and Figure 17 via the bar of sheathed extrusion respectively in axis
It is generated without macroscopic cracking after respectively compressing 30% to radial each compression 20% and axial-radial, hot malleability significantly improves.
In order to further look at aluminum matrix composite structure property difference after original as cast condition and sheathed extrusion, above-mentioned steps four
Later, it is also provided with Step 5: extruded bar stock microstructure observation after sheathed extrusion: using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope to packet
High-volume fractional SiC after set squeezesw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite bar microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement.Specifically
Are as follows: the deformed high-volume fractional crystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material of sheathed extrusion and original as cast condition high-volume fractional whisker are increased
Strong aluminum matrix composite carries out microstructure observation's comparison.Figure 18 and Figure 19 is original as cast condition and the aluminium via sheathed extrusion respectively
The microstructure of based composites can occur in composite material extrusion process used for forming from reinforcement whisker from Figure 18 and Figure 19
Rotation, free orientation transition when being orientated by as cast condition are axially to be distributed along extruded bars, and whisker distribution is compared with as cast condition composite wood
Material is uniform.Sheathed extrusion deformation can improve more as-cast structure defect present in as cast condition material, and then improve composite material
Mechanical property, as reunite the lesser reinforcement whisker of size between gap due to melting Al-alloy metal liquid surface tension compared with
Greatly, it is difficult infiltration wherein, leads in as cast condition composite material that there are more gaps, these gaps is in composite material extrusion process used for forming
It is middle to be reduced or by soldering.In addition, coarse grain present in as cast condition material is in composite material sheathed extrusion deformation process
Composite materials property can all be improved by being refined etc..Larger-size second mutually broken, elongation rear surface product increasing in matrix
Greatly, more solute atoms are had to be dissolved into matrix, enhance solid solution strengthening effect, therefore via sheathed extrusion high-volume fractional
Fibre reinforced composites are all significantly improved in ductility and intensity.
Another embodiment additionally provides a kind of high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminium base of whisker reinforcement is multiple
Condensation material jacket thermo shaping method pulls into shape using jacket pier, it includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: high to original as cast condition using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope
Volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test test force
Learn performance；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, jacket upsetting pull blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum-base composite of whisker reinforcement
Material is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, 470 DEG C -510 of temperature determined in step 2
At DEG C, with pass deformation 8%-10%, multi-pass axial direction jumping-up is carried out to axial 30% deformation, 90 ° is overturn, carries out radial pressure
Contracting 8%-10% rotates blank, then carries out radial compression 8%-10%, repeats this radial compression process along whole circumference, completes
Afterwards, axial jumping-up 8%-10% is carried out, then carries out above-mentioned radial compression process, then carry out axial upsetting process, multi-pass repeats
This process；Final axial compression amount reaches 50%-70%, and radial compression amount reaches 40%-50%, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw
+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.
Original as cast condition SiCw+Al18B4O33wHorizontal organization (Fig. 1 of 2024 Al alloy composite microstructure of whisker reinforcement
It is shown) and longitudinal tissue (as shown in Figure 2), show aluminum matrix composite in extrusion casint preparation process, Al-alloy metal liquid
Fail to fully penetrate into the gap between reinforcement whisker, there are as cast condition defects.These defects pole during deformation after unloading
Easily germinating micro-crack, reduces material deformability, and axial, the radial room temperature tensile stress-strain of the original aluminum matrix composite of Fig. 3 is bent
((abscissa " strain " represents strain, and ordinate " stress " represents stress), composite material axial direction room temperature elongation percentage is lower than line
Radial room temperature elongation percentage, for original as cast condition aluminum matrix composite different directions show plasticity otherness can to thermoplasticity at
Shape brings larger difficulty.
Preferably, high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wSiC in 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcementw+
Al18B4O33wThe volume fraction of whisker is 15%-25%.By taking 20% volume fraction as an example:
Test 20% volume fraction SiCw+Al18B4O33wCrystal whisker reinforcing aluminum base composite material malleability and formable temperature,
Since there are reinforced phases to be unevenly distributed for high volume fraction particle reinforced composite preparation process, it can not reflect practical forming with small sample
Situation.The present embodiment is proposed using 190 × 300mm of Φ, Φ 60mm × 60mm, tri- kinds of Φ 8mm × 12mm different dimensions
Sample carries out malleability test.Test result is respectively such as Φ 8mm × 12mm small sample compression verification of Fig. 4 as a result, the Φ of Fig. 5
Sample compression verification in 60mm × 60mm is as a result, shown in Φ 190mm × 300mm bulk specimen compression verification result of Fig. 6.
The left figure of Fig. 4 shows that in 470 DEG C of -510 DEG C of high-temperature area compressive surfaces, the middle graph of Fig. 4 shows without macroscopic cracking
Contracting surface, which is pushed, in 370 DEG C of -410 DEG C of medium temperature regions slight macroscopic cracking occurs, and the right figure of Fig. 4 shows at 270 DEG C -310 DEG C
There is obvious deeper macroscopic cracking in compressive surfaces under low-temperature region, show that high volume fraction particle reinforced composite is suitable for 470
It is shaped at DEG C -510 DEG C.
Fig. 5 is that the aluminum matrix composite sample of size in Φ 60mm × 60mm is used to use at 470 DEG C -510 DEG C with 40%
It is compressed axially, blank side surface just forms shallower longitudinal crack due to being acted on by tangential stress, shows the medium size
High volume fraction particle reinforced composite show stronger crushing resistance.The left figure of Fig. 5 indicates high temperature compressed original sample, Fig. 5
Right figure indicate sample after high temperature compressed 40% degree.
To reduce high volume fraction particle reinforced composite preparation process, there are reinforced phases to be unevenly distributed to its malleability of test
Influence, Fig. 6 be using Φ 190mm × 300mm large scale aluminum matrix composite sample at 470 DEG C -510 DEG C hot compression test
As a result, there is obvious deeper macroscopic cracking in hot compression sample side surface, show for high-volume fractional aluminum-base composite material
Expect bulk specimen, even if shaping in higher temperature section, still thermoplasticity is poor, is also easy to produce crackle, it is difficult to direct thermoplastic forming.
This is shaped using the upsetting pull of step 3 jacket, described in following examples: by original as cast condition volume fraction 20%
SiCw+Al18B4O33wIt is 60mm, the blank of high 60mm, at 5000 tons that 2024 Al alloy composite of whisker reinforcement, which is cut into diameter,
As cast condition aluminum matrix composite carries out upsetting pull experiment on extruder.Blank is heated and keeps the temperature 2 hours before experiment, furnace temperature setting
At 470 DEG C -510 DEG C.When forming, with pass deformation 8%-10%, multi-pass axial direction jumping-up is carried out to axial 30% deformation, is turned over
Turn 90 °, carry out radial compression 8%-10%, rotates blank, then carry out radial compression 8%-10%, repeat this diameter along whole circumference
To compression process, after the completion, axial jumping-up 8%-10% is carried out, then carry out above-mentioned radial compression process, then carry out axial jumping-up
Process, multi-pass repeat this process；Final axial compression amount reaches 50%-70%, and radial compression amount reaches 40%-50%, obtains
To high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wThe rectangular forging stock of 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement, when jacket shapes, the packet of selection
For set having a size of outer diameter 72mm, internal diameter 60mm, height 60mm, material is aluminium alloy or fine aluminium, high-volume fractional SiCw+
Al18B4O33wGraphite lubrication is used between 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement and jacket.As shown in figure 12 for upsetting pull blank with
Aluminium alloy jacket.Non- jacket upsetting pull control group (non-jacket forming is also according to above-mentioned technique) is set, and following examples are become with passage
Shape amount 9% carries out multi-pass axial direction jumping-up to axial 30% deformation, and 90 ° of overturning carries out radial compression 9%, rotates blank, then
Radial compression 9% is carried out, repeats this radial compression process along whole circumference, after the completion, carries out axial jumping-up 9%, then carry out
Radial compression process is stated, then carries out axial upsetting process, multi-pass repeats this process, and final axial compression amount reaches 60%, diameter
Reach 45% to decrement；Obtain high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wThe rectangular forging stock of 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement；
There is deep torn grain lateral as shown in fig. 13 that in non-jacket upsetting pull.And such as Figure 14 of the result after jacket upsetting pull, surface are split without macroscopic view
Line obtains high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wThe rectangular forging stock of 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement.
The present invention is disclosed as above with preferable case study on implementation, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this profession
Technical staff, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the structure and technology contents that can use the disclosure above are done
A little change or it is modified to the equivalence enforcement case of equivalent variations out, but it is all without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Hold, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification done according to the technical essence of the invention to the above case study on implementation still belong to
Technical solution of the present invention range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement, the whisker is SiCw+
Al18B4O33wWhisker；It is characterized by: the jacket thermo shaping method includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope to the high volume of original as cast condition
Score SiCw+Al18B4O33wMechanical property is tested in 2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test
Energy；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, sheathed extrusion blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement
It is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C in the temperature that step 2 determines
Under to band jacket blank squeeze；
Four, sheathed extrusion material malleability is tested: being cut sample from the pressing material after sheathed extrusion and is carried out upsetting pull experiment, upsetting pull is real
It tests deformation temperature and is set as 470 DEG C -510 DEG C, strain rate is set as 0.01S-1, pressed both axially and radially during upsetting pull
Contracting, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.
2. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wSiC in 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcementw+Al18B4O33wIt is brilliant
The volume fraction of palpus is 15%-25%.
3. 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket hot forming side of a kind of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 1 or claim 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket hot forming side of whisker reinforcement
Method further comprises the steps of: pressing material microstructure observation after five, sheathed extrusion: using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope to sheathed extrusion
High-volume fractional SiC afterwardsw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite bar microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement.
4. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 3,
It is characterized by: the extrusion ratio of sheathed extrusion is 9:1 in step 3.
5. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 4,
It is characterized by: the high-volume fractional SiC obtained after sheathed extrusionw+Al18B4O33wIn 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement
High-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wWhisker is evenly distributed.
6. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement, the whisker is SiCw+
Al18B4O33wWhisker；It is characterized by: the jacket thermo shaping method includes the following:
One, original blank mechanical property and microstructure observation: using Flied emission environmental scanning electronic microscope to the high volume of original as cast condition
Score SiCw+Al18B4O33wMechanical property is tested in 2024 aluminum matrix composite blank microstructure observation of whisker reinforcement and tension test
Energy；
Two, the hot malleability test of original blank: the original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiC of certain altitude and diameter is chosenw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite blank of whisker reinforcement carries out malleability compression verification, obtains malleability compression verification temperature
It is 470 DEG C -510 DEG C；
Three, jacket upsetting pull blank: by original as cast condition high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement
It is processed into the blank of certain altitude and diameter, coats the blank with jacket, 470 DEG C -510 DEG C of temperature determined in step 2
Under, with pass deformation 8%-10%, multi-pass axial direction jumping-up is carried out to axial 30% deformation, 90 ° is overturn, carries out radial compression
8%-10% rotates blank, then carries out radial compression 8%-10%, repeats this radial compression process along whole circumference, after the completion,
Axial jumping-up 8%-10% is carried out, then carries out above-mentioned radial compression process, then carry out axial upsetting process, multi-pass repeats this mistake
Journey；Final axial compression amount reaches 50%-70%, and radial compression amount reaches 40%-50%, obtains high-volume fractional SiCw+
Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite forging stock of whisker reinforcement.
7. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 6,
It is characterized by: high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33wSiC in 2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcementw+Al18B4O33wIt is brilliant
The volume fraction of palpus is 15%-25%.
8. a kind of 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket thermo shaping method of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 7,
It is characterized by: progress multi-pass axial direction jumping-up to axial 30% deforms with pass deformation 9% in step 3,90 ° are overturn,
Radial compression 9% is carried out, blank is rotated, then carry out radial compression 9%, repeats this radial compression process along whole circumference, is completed
Afterwards, axial jumping-up 9% is carried out, then carries out above-mentioned radial compression process, then carry out axial upsetting process, multi-pass repeats this mistake
Journey, final axial compression amount reach 60%, and radial compression amount reaches 45%.
9. 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket hot forming side of a kind of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 1 or 6
Method, it is characterised in that: sheath material is fine aluminium, high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement
Graphite lubrication is used between jacket.
10. 2024 aluminum matrix composite jacket hot forming side of a kind of high-volume fractional whisker reinforcement according to claim 1 or 6
Method, it is characterised in that: sheath material is aluminium alloy, high-volume fractional SiCw+Al18B4O33w2024 aluminum-base composite material of whisker reinforcement
Graphite lubrication is used between material and jacket.
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