CN109596485A - A kind of experimental rig and test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109596485A CN109596485A CN201811257022.0A CN201811257022A CN109596485A CN 109596485 A CN109596485 A CN 109596485A CN 201811257022 A CN201811257022 A CN 201811257022A CN 109596485 A CN109596485 A CN 109596485A
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005439 Perspex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental rigs and test method of a kind of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, including model casing, model side slope, V-type model of fissuration, porous disc and Intelligent Dynamic water system.Model casing is divided into catch basin and seepage tests chamber by porous disc；It is intracavitary that model side slope is located at seepage tests, and V-groove is offered in slope surface；V-type model of fissuration is plugged in V-groove, and V-type model of fissuration includes V-type bracket and qualitative filter paper；Intelligent Dynamic water system includes water supply device, inlet valve, water level sensor, emptying valve and waste liquid collecting box；Inlet valve is located at the top of catch basin, and is connected with water feed apparatus；Emptying valve is located at model casing bottom, and is connected with waste liquid collecting box；Water level sensor is used to detect the water level of catch basin, and is connected with water supply device.The present invention can under the conditions of long-term continuous observation seepage flow in swelled ground initial fissure face substance filling process, and real-time collecting and can test and analyze.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering field, especially a kind of examination of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation
Experiment device and test method.
Background technique
More fissurities are one of important features of swelled ground.It is found by the geological mapping to scene, demi-inflation soil
There are the initial fissure that non-swell-shrinking deformation generates between area stratum, these cracks usually coincide with landforms, the extension side in crack
To with certain rule.By the study found that initial fissure Chang Weiyou certain thickness filler in swelled ground stratum is split
Gap, fissure-plane filler ingredient is different from two sides soil, and natural density is low, moisture content is high, and intensity is far below the soil of two sides fissure-plane
Body, side slope are often slided along this fissure-plane.
Crack is the key factor for influencing expansive soil slope stability, property of the montmorillonite leachable in crack to crack
It has a significant impact, if the dynamic stowing operation of montmorillonite leachable in crack can be simulated, will can help to study
The long-term instability Mechanism of expansive soil slope.
The present invention is based on this and designs, and the present invention can be under the conditions of seepage flow for a long time to swelled ground montmorillonite leachable
Filling process is observed, and is acquired analysis to fissure-plane filler, studies swelled ground montmorillonite leachable whereby
Dynamic stowing operation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of observation swelled grounds to cover
The experimental rig of the experimental rig of de- stone dissolution stowing operation, observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation can be held for a long time
Under the conditions of continuous observation seepage flow in swelled ground initial fissure face substance filling process, and real-time collecting and can test and analyze.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, including model casing, model side slope, V-type crack mould
Type, porous disc and Intelligent Dynamic water system.
Model casing is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and porous disc is plugged in model casing, and parallel with the width side of model casing；Thoroughly
Model casing is divided into catch basin and seepage tests chamber by water plate, and the volume of seepage tests chamber is greater than the volume of catch basin.
The setting of model side slope is intracavitary in seepage tests, and the horizontal distance of model side slope is equal to the length of seepage tests chamber, mould
Top of the slope side and the porous disc of type side slope fit.
Model side slope, which is closed in the slope surface of slope foot side, offers V-groove.
V-type model of fissuration is plugged in V-groove, and V-type model of fissuration includes V-type bracket and qualitative filter paper；The two of V-type bracket
Permeable hole is uniformly provided on block side plate；Qualitative filter paper is placed on V-type bracket and closes on the inner wall of slope foot side, covers for collecting
De- stone leachable.
Intelligent Dynamic water system includes water supply device, inlet valve, water level sensor, emptying valve and waste collection
Case.
The top of catch basin is arranged in inlet valve, and inlet valve is connected by hose with water feed apparatus.
Emptying valve is layer adjacent to the model casing bottom of slope foot, and emptying valve is connected by hose with waste liquid collecting box
It connects.
Water level sensor is used to detect the water level of catch basin, and water level sensor is connected with water supply device.
Water supply device is connected by soft suction hose with waste liquid collecting box.
Model casing is made of organic glass, is provided with bracing means on the outside of model casing.
Bracing means includes channel steel and thread；Channel steel is symmetricly set on the outside of the length side of model casing in groups,
The top and bottom of every group of channel steel are arranged in thread, two for being fastenedly connected in every group block channel steel.
The slope ratio of model side slope is 1:2 ~ 1:4.
The distance between V-groove and slope foot are 300mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, which is covered
The test method of de- stone dissolution stowing operation being capable of substance in swelled ground initial fissure face under the conditions of long-term continuous observation seepage flow
Filling process, and real-time collecting and can test and analyze.
A kind of test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, includes the following steps.
Step 1, prepared by model side slope earth material: the swelled ground fetched of scene being carried out air-dried, breaks sieving into pieces, add water to setting
Moisture content, uniform mixing, sealing form model side slope earth material.
Step 2, prepared by model side slope: model side slope earth material placement in layers prepared by step 1 is compacted in seepage tests chamber
In, after the completion of every layer is filled, hair is dug on surface, bonding between each layer is made to form an entirety；Wherein, the top of the slope side of model side slope
It is fitted closely with porous disc.
Step 3, V-type model of fissuration is laid, and is included the following steps.
Step 31, V-groove prepare: step 2 prepare model side slope and close on slope foot slope surface on, split according to prefabricated
Gap size takes out the soil body, forms V-groove.
Step 32, V-type bracket plugs: the V-type bracket for offering permeable hole being plugged in the V-groove to be formed, V-type branch is made
Frame and soil at both sides completely attach to.
Step 33, qualitative filter paper is placed: qualitative filter paper being placed on V-type bracket and is closed on the inner wall of slope foot side, is used for
Collect montmorillonite leachable.
Step 4, seepage tests include the following steps.
Step 41, water storage: water supply device is opened, and carries out water storage to catch basin by inlet valve.
Step 42, steady seepage field is formed: the water in catch basin penetrates into model side slope by porous disc, passes through water level
Inductor controls water intake velocity, so that the water body in catch basin is maintained at fixed level, so that being formed in model side slope steady
Fixed seepage field；In flow event, the montmorillonite dissolved out at V-groove will be adsorbed on qualitative filter paper.
Step 43, seepage flow wastewater collection: opening emptying valve, emptying valve be connected with waste liquid collecting box by hose,
The waste water that model side slope downstream seepage flow goes out is discharged.
Step 5, saturation is observed: the infiltration line position in observing and nursing side slope, and start recording is seeped after saturation is stablized
Flow the time.
Step 6, montmorillonite sediment is collected: according to setting time interval, by the qualitative filter paper taking-up in V-type bracket and more
The qualitative filter paper renewed；Then, the qualitative filter paper taken out from V-type bracket is dried and collects montmorillonite sediment.
Step 7, montmorillonite precipitation behavior is analyzed: the montmorillonite sediment that step 6 is collected carries out physics and chemically
Matter analysis.
In step 7, the physical property of analysis includes grain composition, limit moisture content and free swelling rate.
In step 7, the chemistry analysis of mineralogical composition is carried out using X-ray diffraction method.
It in step 6, after montmorillonite sediment is collected every time, weighs, and settling time and montmorillonite precipitation capacity
Curve.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention considers dynamic stowing operation of the swelled ground montmorillonite leachable under seepage effect for the first time.Experimental rig energy
It reaches long-term and persistently swelled ground montmorillonite leachable filling process is simulated and observed.It is de- to research expansive soil slope Inner Mongol
The stowing operation of stone leachable has initiative meaning.Test result can be used to analyze in expansive soil slope that montmorillonite to fill in crack
Fill out process and its to the long-term instability Mechanism research of expansive soil slope.
2, the montmorillonite for during the test, controlling certain water-head, infiltration water flow temperature and test side slope swelled ground contains
Under the factors such as amount, separated in time test precipitate component and smectite content in crack.
3, this experimental rig incudes water level in catch basin by water level sensor, can when water level decreasing is to preset water level
The water in waste liquid collecting box is collected by water supply device and carries out circular water replenishing, to keep stable seepage flow condition, realizes that intelligence is dynamic
State control, with short form test operating process, accurate Control experiment condition, the advantage for saving water resource.
4, change during test smectite content of infiltration water flow temperature, upstream and downstream head difference and side slope swelled ground etc. because
Element tests montmorillonite leachable settling rate and metamorphosis in crack.It is filled in crack with analyzing in practical expansive soil slope
Fill out source and the filling rule of object.
5, apparatus of the present invention are fixed by channel steel and thread, and device overall structure is simply without particular/special requirement, cost
It is cheap, it is convenient for disassembly and assembly, it can reuse.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural representation of the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagram of the V-type model of fissuration in the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram of the Intelligent Dynamic water system in the present invention.
Wherein have: 1: pedestal, 2: emptying valve, 3: model casing, 4 channel steels:, 5: model side slope, 6: qualitative filter paper, 7:V type
Model of fissuration, 8: thread, 9: porous disc, 10: water level sensor, 11: catch basin, 12: inlet valve, 13: water supply device,
14: waste liquid collecting box.
Specific embodiment
Xia Mianjiehefutuhejuti compare Jia Shishifangshiduibenfamingzuojinyibuxiangxishuoming.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, including model casing 3, model
Side slope 5, V-type model of fissuration 7, porous disc 9 and Intelligent Dynamic water system.
Model casing is rectangular parallelepiped structure, it is preferred to use clear perspex material is made.Model box size is preferably length
It is highly 250mm for 1000mm, width 120mm.The wall thickness of model casing is preferably 12mm.
Model casing bottom is equipped with pedestal 1, is preferably provided with bracing means on the outside of model casing.
Bracing means preferably includes channel steel 4 and thread 8；Channel steel is symmetricly set on the length side of model casing in groups
The top and bottom of every group of channel steel are arranged in outside, thread, two for being fastenedly connected in every group block channel steel.
Channel steel model is preferably 5#, and channel steel size is preferred: a height of 50mm of waist, and leg width is 37mm, and waist thickness is 4.5mm, channel steel
Height is 300mm.In the application, channel steel is preferably 4, and 4 channel steels are respectively symmetrically placed at each one third of model casing or so,
Channel steel aperture up and down, You Lianggen thread are fixed, and can dismantle channel steel during test according to demand
Porous disc is plugged in model casing, and parallel with the width side of model casing.Drilling is uniform-distribution on porous disc, often
The size diameter in a hole is preferably 1mm, is spaced 2mm, the preferred 8mm of porous disc wall thickness.
Model casing is divided into catch basin 11 and seepage tests chamber by porous disc, and the volume of seepage tests chamber is greater than catch basin
Volume.Catch basin size is preferred: length 60mm, width 120mm, is highly 250mm.Catch basin can be held for seepage tests chamber
It is continuous to supply water.
The slope of model side slope is than being preferably 1:2 ~ 1:4, further preferably 1:3.The model side slope of different slope ratios, inside
Seepage paths be it is different, the dissolution stowing operation in model side slope can be had an impact, dissolution charges confrontation crack property
The result for changing stability of slope can have an impact.
The setting of model side slope is intracavitary in seepage tests, and the horizontal distance of model side slope is equal to the length of seepage tests chamber, mould
Top of the slope side and the porous disc of type side slope fit.
Model side slope, which is closed in the slope surface of slope foot side, offers V-groove, and the distance between V-groove and slope foot are preferably
300mm.The angle of V-groove, which can according to need, is modified setting.
V-type model of fissuration is plugged in V-groove, as shown in Fig. 2, V-type model of fissuration includes V-type bracket and qualitative filter paper 6.
V-type bracket is preferably formed by connecting by two blocks of rectangular stainless steel aluminium sheets, the angle that two blocks of rectangular stainless steel aluminium sheets are formed
Setting is modified it is preferred that can according to need.
Rectangular stainless steel aluminium sheet width is preferably 100mm, and length is preferably 100mm, and wall thickness is preferably 1mm, rectangular stainless
Uniformly it has been covered with the permeable hole that diameter is preferably 0.1mm on steel aluminium sheet.
Qualitative filter paper is placed on V-type bracket and closes on the inner wall of slope foot side, takes out of for collecting the soil body by eluviation
Collection montmorillonite leachable.
As shown in figure 3, Intelligent Dynamic water system includes water supply device 13, inlet valve 12, water level sensor 10, sluices
Valve 2 and waste liquid collecting box 14.
The top of catch basin is arranged in inlet valve, and inlet valve is connected by hose with water feed apparatus.
Emptying valve preferably has 2, is arranged at the model casing bottom for closing on slope foot, and emptying valve passes through hose and waste liquid
Collecting box is connected.
Water level sensor is preferably placed in catch basin, for detecting the water level of catch basin, water level sensor and water supply device
It is connected.
Water supply device is connected by soft suction hose with waste liquid collecting box.
When water level decreasing in catch basin, water supply device can from waste liquid collecting box automatic pumping, and inject catch basin, directly
Reach preset water level to water level, maintains the steady seepage in model side slope, form the Intelligent Dynamic water system of complete set.
A kind of test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, includes the following steps.
Step 1, prepared by model side slope earth material: the swelled ground fetched of scene being carried out air-dried, breaks into pieces and preferably cross 5mm sieve, add
Water to the optimum moisture content set, uniform mixing preferably seals for 24 hours, forms model side slope earth material.
Step 2, prepared by model side slope: preferably dividing five layers to fill compacting in seepage flow model side slope earth material prepared by step 1
In test cavity, after the completion of every layer is filled, hair is dug on surface, bonding between each layer is made to form an entirety；Wherein, model side slope
Top of the slope side is fitted closely with porous disc, prepares the slope of the model side slope of completion than being preferably 1:3.
Step 3, V-type model of fissuration is laid, and is included the following steps.
Step 31, V-groove prepare: step 2 prepare model side slope and close on slope foot slope surface on, split according to prefabricated
Gap size takes out the soil body, forms V-groove.The distance between V-groove and slope foot are preferably 300mm.
Step 32, V-type bracket plugs: the V-type bracket for offering permeable hole being plugged in the V-groove to be formed, V-type branch is made
Frame and soil at both sides completely attach to.
Step 33, qualitative filter paper is placed: qualitative filter paper being placed on V-type bracket and is closed on the inner wall of slope foot side, is used for
Collect montmorillonite leachable.Qualitative filter paper size is preferably consistent with the wall surface size of V-groove.
Step 4, seepage tests include the following steps.
Step 41, water storage: water supply device is opened, and carries out water storage to catch basin by inlet valve.
Step 42, steady seepage field is formed: the water in catch basin penetrates into model side slope by porous disc, passes through water level
Inductor controls water intake velocity, so that the water body in catch basin is maintained at fixed level, so that being formed in model side slope steady
Fixed seepage field；In flow event, the montmorillonite dissolved out at V-groove will be adsorbed on qualitative filter paper.
Step 43, seepage flow wastewater collection: opening emptying valve, emptying valve be connected with waste liquid collecting box by hose,
The waste water that model side slope downstream seepage flow goes out is discharged.
Step 5, saturation is observed: the infiltration line position in observing and nursing side slope, and start recording is seeped after saturation is stablized
Flow the time.
Step 6, montmorillonite sediment is collected: according to setting time interval, by the qualitative filter paper taking-up in V-type bracket and more
The qualitative filter paper renewed；Then, the qualitative filter paper taken out from V-type bracket is dried and collects montmorillonite sediment.
After montmorillonite sediment is collected every time, it is preferably to it weighs, and the curve of settling time and montmorillonite precipitation capacity,
For research trends stowing operation and the long-term instability Mechanism of expansive soil slope.
Dynamic stowing operation in the present invention is to establish the function that leachable ingredient changes over time by test, in conjunction with
The strength test of the sample of subsequent different material content can establish intensity, slope stability changes with time quantifies
Relationship.
Step 7, montmorillonite precipitation behavior is analyzed: the montmorillonite sediment that step 6 is collected carries out physics and chemically
Matter analysis.Wherein, the physical property of analysis includes grain composition, limit moisture content and free swelling rate.In chemistry analysis,
It is preferred that carrying out the chemistry analysis of mineralogical composition using X-ray diffraction method.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little equivalents all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, it is characterised in that: including model casing, model side
Slope, V-type model of fissuration, porous disc and Intelligent Dynamic water system；
Model casing is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and porous disc is plugged in model casing, and parallel with the width side of model casing；Porous disc
Model casing is divided into catch basin and seepage tests chamber, the volume of seepage tests chamber is greater than the volume of catch basin；
The setting of model side slope is intracavitary in seepage tests, and the horizontal distance of model side slope is equal to the length of seepage tests chamber, model side
Top of the slope side and the porous disc on slope fit；
Model side slope, which is closed in the slope surface of slope foot side, offers V-groove；
V-type model of fissuration is plugged in V-groove, and V-type model of fissuration includes V-type bracket and qualitative filter paper；Two pieces of sides of V-type bracket
Permeable hole is uniformly provided on plate；Qualitative filter paper is placed on V-type bracket and closes on the inner wall of slope foot side, for collecting montmorillonite
Leachable；
Intelligent Dynamic water system includes water supply device, inlet valve, water level sensor, emptying valve and waste liquid collecting box；
The top of catch basin is arranged in inlet valve, and inlet valve is connected by hose with water feed apparatus；
Emptying valve is layer adjacent to the model casing bottom of slope foot, and emptying valve is connected by hose with waste liquid collecting box；
Water level sensor is used to detect the water level of catch basin, and water level sensor is connected with water supply device.
2. the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: supply
Water installations are connected by soft suction hose with waste liquid collecting box.
3. the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: model casing is made of organic glass, is provided with bracing means on the outside of model casing.
4. the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: add
It is fixedly mounted with and sets including channel steel and thread；Channel steel is symmetricly set on the outside of the length side of model casing in groups, and thread is set
Set two blocks of channel steels in the top and bottom of every group of channel steel, for being fastenedly connected in every group.
5. the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: mould
The slope ratio of type side slope is 1:2 ~ 1:4.
6. the experimental rig of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: V
The distance between type groove and slope foot are 300mm.
7. a kind of test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1, prepared by model side slope earth material: the swelled ground fetched of scene is carried out air-dried, breaks sieving into pieces, add water to set it is aqueous
Rate, uniform mixing, sealing form model side slope earth material；
Step 2, prepared by model side slope: model side slope earth material placement in layers prepared by step 1 is compacted in seepage tests chamber, often
After the completion of layer fills, hair is dug on surface, bonding between each layer is made to form an entirety；Wherein, the top of the slope side of model side slope and thoroughly
Water plate fits closely；
Step 3, V-type model of fissuration is laid, and is included the following steps:
Step 31, V-groove prepare: step 2 prepare model side slope and close on slope foot slope surface on, according to prefabricated crack ruler
The very little taking-up soil body forms V-groove；
Step 32, V-type bracket plugs: the V-type bracket for offering permeable hole is plugged in the V-groove to be formed, make V-type bracket with
Soil at both sides completely attaches to；
Step 33, qualitative filter paper is placed: qualitative filter paper being placed on V-type bracket and is closed on the inner wall of slope foot side, for collecting
Montmorillonite leachable；
Step 4, seepage tests include the following steps:
Step 41, water storage: water supply device is opened, and carries out water storage to catch basin by inlet valve；
Step 42, steady seepage field is formed: the water in catch basin penetrates into model side slope by porous disc, is incuded by water level
Device controls water intake velocity, so that the water body in catch basin is maintained at fixed level, so that being formed in model side slope stable
Seepage field；In flow event, the montmorillonite dissolved out at V-groove will be adsorbed on qualitative filter paper；
Step 43, seepage flow wastewater collection: opening emptying valve, emptying valve be connected with waste liquid collecting box by hose, is discharged
The waste water that model side slope downstream seepage flow goes out；
Step 5, saturation is observed: the infiltration line position in observing and nursing side slope, after saturation is stablized when start recording seepage flow
Between；
Step 6, montmorillonite sediment is collected: according to setting time interval, the qualitative filter paper in V-type bracket being taken out and is more renewed
Qualitative filter paper；Then, the qualitative filter paper taken out from V-type bracket is dried and collects montmorillonite sediment；
Step 7, montmorillonite precipitation behavior is analyzed: the montmorillonite sediment that step 6 is collected carries out physics and chemical property point
Analysis.
8. the test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 7, the physical property of analysis includes grain composition, limit moisture content and free swelling rate.
9. the test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 7 or 8, feature exist
In: in step 7, the chemistry analysis of mineralogical composition is carried out using X-ray diffraction method.
10. the test method of observation swelled ground montmorillonite dissolution stowing operation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
It in step 6, after montmorillonite sediment is collected every time, weighs, and the curve of settling time and montmorillonite precipitation capacity.
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