CN109585747A - Explosion-proof lithium battery - Google Patents
Explosion-proof lithium battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109585747A CN109585747A CN201811492588.1A CN201811492588A CN109585747A CN 109585747 A CN109585747 A CN 109585747A CN 201811492588 A CN201811492588 A CN 201811492588A CN 109585747 A CN109585747 A CN 109585747A
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- Prior art keywords
- sliding plug
- cavity
- battery
- chamber
- explosion
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of explosion-proof lithium battery, including battery case, inside include main cavity, auxiliary cavity；Battery inner core is equipped in main cavity；Envelope has liquid nitrogen in auxiliary cavity, auxiliary cavity is equipped with and opens valve, this is opened after valve opened by external force, the auxiliary intracorporal liquid nitrogen of chamber sprays into the adapter cavity inside battery case outward, adapter cavity is connected with the thermally conductive isocon for passing through battery inner core, battery case, sprays into after vaporizing the liquid nitrogen sprayed from auxiliary cavity in adapter cavity and thermally conductive isocon extraneous；It on main cavity and opens equipped with a piston cylinder at valve face, the piston cylinder is interior to be equipped with a piston, and piston is equipped with the mandril that a direction opens valve, and when pressure reaches critical value in main cavity, promotion piston and mandril will open valve and open.The explosion-proof lithium battery can sufficiently inhibit battery explosion phenomenon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery apparatus fields, are to be related to a kind of lithium battery particularly.
Background technique
Lithium battery has been widely used since storage and charging performance are superior.Its internal structure mainly includes
It is bonded to each other cathode film, diaphragm, negative electrode film together, i.e. inner core film；The inner core film roll system is folded into layer structure, is set to
Inside battery case；Electronics is exchanged by diaphragm between cathode film, negative electrode film when work.And due to lithium ion chemical activity pole
By force, therefore, in battery exception, lithium battery easily catches fire and explodes；This kind of battery exception, is mainly caused because of improper use
The partial short-circuit of inner core film.For current li-ion cell protection system, mainly by time disconnect cathode film, negative electrode film with
Connection between exposed electrical contact, to cut off electricity consumption electric current, to inhibit the high current phenomenon of inside battery；However, working as battery
When inside has occurred and that larger short circuit phenomenon, when having punctured such as the part of inner core film, common protection system can not
It is protected again, can only be allowed to explode, to cause biggish danger.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the explosion-proof lithium battery can be abundant the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of explosion-proof lithium battery
Inhibit battery explosion phenomenon.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the explosion-proof lithium battery includes battery case, described
It include main cavity, auxiliary cavity inside battery case；Battery inner core is equipped in main chamber body, the battery inner core is by mutually pasting
The cathode film of conjunction, diaphragm, negative electrode film back and forth fold；Envelope has liquid nitrogen in the auxiliary cavity；The auxiliary cavity is equipped with one
Valve is opened, this is opened after valve opened by external force, and the auxiliary intracorporal liquid nitrogen of chamber sprays into the transition inside a battery case outward
Chamber, the adapter cavity are connected with the thermally conductive isocon for passing through the battery inner core, battery case, make to spray from the auxiliary cavity
Liquid nitrogen vaporized in the adapter cavity and the thermally conductive isocon after spray into it is extraneous；Valve is being opened just with described on main chamber body
One piston cylinder is equipped with to place, is equipped with a piston in the piston cylinder, the piston be equipped with one be directed toward described in open valve
Mandril pushes the piston and mandril, the valve that opens is opened when pressure reaches critical value in main chamber body.
Preferably, the valve that opens includes a sliding plug chamber, the sliding plug is intracavitary to be equipped with a sliding plug；The sliding plug chamber
With top end opening, the sliding plug is withstood after so that the mandril is may pass through the top end opening, and the diameter of mandril is less than top
The diameter of opening；The bottom end closure of the sliding plug chamber, and bearing spring is equipped between sliding plug bottom of chamber end and sliding plug, make the sliding plug quilt
It supports to the top end opening；And the side wall of the sliding plug chamber is equipped with the areole for being connected to the auxiliary cavity；The sliding plug institute
When pressure receiving, being directed toward sliding plug by the mandril is less than critical value, the areole is blocked in the side of the sliding plug, and institute
It states suffered by sliding plug, when being directed toward the pressure of sliding plug greater than critical value by the mandril, the sliding plug is biased toward the bottom end of sliding plug chamber,
The side of sliding plug is set no longer to block the areole, so that the compensated cavity is connected to the sliding plug chamber, adapter cavity.
Preferably, the thermally conductive isocon has even number root, the central axes about the battery case are symmetrical, and electricity
The thermally conductive isocon of pond shell central axes two sides is reversely conllinear towards extraneous port.
Preferably, the fluid chamber of the bar shaped longitudinally extended is additionally provided in the main cavity of the battery case, the liquid
Chamber is surrounded by thermal resistance shell, and the fluid chamber fills main chamber body completely together with the battery inner core；The liquid
In the thermal resistance shell of chamber, the shell planar strength orthogonal with the positive membrane plane of the battery inner core is markedly less than other shell planes,
It is denoted as the face of bursting, when so that the liquid in fluid chamber freezing, is expanded along the direction for bursting face is orthogonal to, and burst this and burst
Face.Further, the fluid chamber is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of main chamber body；The thermal resistance shell with air by pressing from both sides
The double-layer plastic wall of layer is constituted, and when the liquid freon in the fluid chamber is frozen into solid, the volume of the solid is greater than non-freezing state
Under, the total volume of the fluid chamber.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the explosion-proof lithium batteries in use, when battery inner core sharply generates heat, cause
When main cavity internal pressure increased dramatically, piston in the piston cylinder by mandril push open it is described open valve, make the auxiliary chamber
Intracorporal liquid nitrogen is quickly discharged battery case, and is rapidly vaporized in thermally conductive isocon by the adapter cavity, thermally conductive isocon
Heat absorption, takes the heat of battery inner core rapidly away, and freeze battery inner core rapidly, to make the intracorporal temperature of main chamber, pressure
While power dramatic decrease, battery inner core is made to lose chemical activity, to block the root of its fever explosion completely, inhibited from abundant
Battery explosion phenomenon has high safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of this explosion-proof lithium battery embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of this explosion-proof lithium battery embodiment two.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of this explosion-proof lithium battery embodiment three.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view along A-A of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart that one embodiment of valve is opened in this explosion-proof lithium battery.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
In embodiment one shown in Fig. 1, which includes battery case 1, includes master inside the battery case 1
Cavity 10, auxiliary cavity 11；Be equipped with battery inner core 2 in main chamber body 1, the battery inner core 2 by be bonded to each other cathode film, every
Film, negative electrode film back and forth fold；Envelope has liquid nitrogen in the auxiliary cavity 11；The auxiliary cavity 11 is equipped with one and opens valve 3, should
It opening after valve 3 opened by external force, the liquid nitrogen in auxiliary cavity 11 sprays into the adapter cavity 12 inside a battery case 1 outward,
The adapter cavity 12 is connected with the thermally conductive isocon 4 for passing through the battery inner core 2, battery case 1, makes from the auxiliary cavity 11
The liquid nitrogen of ejection sprays into extraneous after vaporizing in the adapter cavity 12 and the thermally conductive isocon 4；It is described to lead in the present embodiment one
Thermally shunting pipe 4 has 2, and the central axes about the battery case 1 are symmetrical.
It is equipped with a piston cylinder 50 at 3 face of valve with described open on main chamber body 10, is equipped with one in the piston cylinder 50
A piston 51, the piston 1 are equipped with the mandril 52 that valve 3 is opened described in a direction, and pressure, which reaches, in main chamber body 10 faces
When dividing value, the piston 51 and mandril 52 are pushed, the valve 3 that opens is opened.
Above-mentioned explosion-proof lithium battery, a preferred embodiment for opening valve 3 are as shown in Figure 5 comprising a sliding plug chamber
30, the sliding plug chamber 30 is interior to be equipped with a sliding plug 31；The sliding plug chamber 30 has top end opening 301, wear the mandril 52 can
The sliding plug 31 is withstood after crossing the top end opening 301, and the diameter of mandril 52 is less than the diameter of top end opening 301；The cunning
The bottom end closure of chamber 30 is filled in, and is equipped with bearing spring 32 between sliding plug bottom of chamber end and sliding plug 31, supports the sliding plug 31 to institute
State top end opening 301；And the side wall of the sliding plug chamber 30 is equipped with the areole 302 for being connected to the auxiliary cavity；The sliding plug 31
When pressure that is suffered, being directed toward sliding plug 31 by the mandril 52 is less than critical value, on the left of Fig. 5 shown in, the side of the sliding plug 31
The areole 302 is blocked in face, and the pressure of sliding plug 31 is directed toward suffered by the sliding plug 31, by the mandril 52 greater than critical
When value, the sliding plug 31 is biased toward the bottom end of sliding plug chamber 30, as shown in the right side Fig. 5, blocks the side of sliding plug 31 no longer described
Areole 302, so that the compensated cavity 11 is connected to the sliding plug chamber 30, adapter cavity 12.
By above-mentioned piston cylinder 50, piston 51, mandril 52, open valve 3 and the adapter cavity 12, thermally conductive isocon 4
The system structure of formation, can make to open valve 3 and be turned on when reliably pressure is excessive in main cavity 10, and in compensated cavity 11
When liquid nitrogen is gone out, the open state for opening valve 3 is not impacted；This is that the single valve system that opens of tradition is difficult to realize
's.
Above-mentioned explosion-proof lithium battery in use, when battery inner core 2 sharply generates heat, causes 10 internal pressure of main cavity anxious
When increasing severely big, piston 51 in the piston cylinder 50 by mandril 52 push open it is described open valve 3, make the liquid in the auxiliary cavity 11
Nitrogen passes through the adapter cavity 12, thermally conductive isocon 4 quickly discharge battery case 1, and the rapidly vaporization suction in thermally conductive isocon 4
Heat takes the heat of battery inner core 2 rapidly away, and freezes battery inner core 2 rapidly, thus make the temperature in main cavity 10,
While pressure dramatic decrease, battery inner core 2 is made to lose chemical activity, to block the root of its fever explosion completely, from abundant
Inhibit battery explosion phenomenon, there is high safety.
Embodiment two:
For embodiment two shown in Fig. 2, with embodiment one the difference is that: be in 1 central axes of battery case
Thermally conductive isocon 4, the 4b of two sides are reversely conllinear towards extraneous port.It is sprayed as a result, in nitrogen from each thermally conductive isocon 4,4b
When, the resultant force to battery case 1 is zero, and battery case 1 can be made to keep stablizing.
Embodiment three:
In Fig. 3, embodiment shown in Fig. 4 three, what is different from the first embodiment is that inside the main cavity 10 of the battery case 1
Two sides are additionally provided with the fluid chamber 6 of the bar shaped longitudinally extended, and the fluid chamber 6 is surrounded by thermal resistance shell 61, and the fluid chamber 6
Main chamber body 10 is filled together with the battery inner core 2 full；In the thermal resistance shell 61 of the fluid chamber 6, with the battery
The orthogonal shell planar strength of the positive membrane plane of inner core 2 is markedly less than other shell planes, is denoted as the face of bursting 611, so that fluid chamber 6
When interior liquid freezes, expanded along the direction for bursting face 611 is orthogonal to, and burst this and burst face 611.The thermal resistance shell
61 can be made of the double-layer plastic wall with air interlayer, are made it have weaker heat-conducting effect, are thus made in fluid chamber 6
Heat relatively slowly is siphoned away by battery inner core 2, and the liquid in fluid chamber 6 is made to freeze again after battery inner core 2 completely frost.
Liquid in the fluid chamber 6 can be water body, and when freezing into solid ice cube, the volume of the solid ice cube is greater than
Under non-freezing state, the total volume of the fluid chamber 6 to support the thermal resistance shell 61 of quick-fried fluid chamber 6, and is carried out battery inner core 2
It squeezes；At this point, since cathode film, the cathode membrane plane in battery inner core 2 are orthogonal with the fixed compressive plane of ice cube, therefore being easy to will just
Pole film, negative electrode film squeeze it is broken, to destroy battery inner core reaction structure completely, even if battery inner core defrosting after, can not also restore again
Chemical activity scraps battery thoroughly, further increases its safety.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of explosion-proof lithium battery, battery case (1), it includes main cavity (10), auxiliary cavity that the battery case (1) is internal
(11)；Battery inner core (2) are equipped in main chamber body (10), the battery inner core (2) by be bonded to each other cathode film, diaphragm,
Negative electrode film back and forth folds；It is characterized by: envelope has liquid nitrogen in the auxiliary cavity (11)；The auxiliary cavity (11) is equipped with one
A to open valve (3), this is opened after valve (3) opened by external force, and the liquid nitrogen in auxiliary cavity (11) sprays into the battery case outward
The internal adapter cavity (12) of body (1), the adapter cavity (12) with pass through thermally conductive point of the battery inner core (2), battery case (1)
Flow tube (4) is connected, and makes the liquid nitrogen sprayed from the auxiliary cavity (11) in the adapter cavity (12) and the thermally conductive isocon (4)
It is sprayed into after interior vaporization extraneous；A piston cylinder (50), the work are equipped at valve (3) face with described open on main chamber body (10)
A piston (51) is equipped in plug tube (50), the piston (51) is equipped with the mandril (52) that valve (3) are opened described in a direction,
When main chamber body (10) interior pressure reaches critical value, the piston (51) and mandril (52) are pushed, opens valve (3) top for described
It opens.
2. explosion-proof lithium battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described open valve (3) include a sliding plug chamber
(30), a sliding plug (31) is equipped in the sliding plug chamber (30)；The sliding plug chamber (30) has top end opening (301), makes described
Mandril (52) is withstood the sliding plug (31) after may pass through the top end opening (301), and the diameter of mandril (52) is opened less than top
The diameter of mouth (301)；The bottom end closure of the sliding plug chamber (30), and bearing is equipped between sliding plug chamber (30) bottom end and sliding plug (31)
Spring (32) supports the sliding plug (31) to the top end opening (301)；And the side wall of the sliding plug chamber (30) is equipped with and connects
Lead to the areole (302) of the auxiliary cavity (11)；The pressure of sliding plug is directed toward suffered by the sliding plug (31), by the mandril (52)
When less than critical value, the areole (302) is blocked in the side of the sliding plug (31), and suffered by the sliding plug (31), by
When the pressure that the mandril (52) is directed toward sliding plug (31) is greater than critical value, the sliding plug (31) is biased toward the bottom of sliding plug chamber (30)
End, makes the side of sliding plug (31) no longer block the areole (302), so that the compensated cavity (11) and the sliding plug chamber
(30), adapter cavity (12) is connected to.
3. explosion-proof lithium battery according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the thermally conductive isocon (4) has even number
Root, the central axes about the battery case (1) are symmetrical, and thermally conductive isocon (4) court of battery case (1) central axes two sides
Port outwardly is reversely conllinear.
4. explosion-proof lithium battery according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the main cavity (10) of the battery case (1)
It is inside additionally provided with the fluid chamber (6) of the bar shaped longitudinally extended, the fluid chamber (6) is surrounded by thermal resistance shell (61), and the liquid
Body cavity (6) and the battery inner core (2) together fill main chamber body (10) full；The thermal resistance shell of the fluid chamber (6)
(61) in, the shell planar strength orthogonal with the positive membrane plane of the battery inner core (2) is markedly less than other shell planes, is denoted as support
Broken face (611) when so that the liquid in fluid chamber (6) freezing, expand, and support along the direction for bursting face (611) is orthogonal to
It breaks this and bursts face (611).
5. explosion-proof lithium battery according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fluid chamber (6) is symmetrically distributed in the master
The two sides of cavity (10)；The thermal resistance shell (61) is made of the double-layer plastic wall with air interlayer, in the fluid chamber (6)
Liquid freon when being frozen into solid, the volume of the solid is greater than under non-freezing state, the total volume of the fluid chamber (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811492588.1A CN109585747A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Explosion-proof lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811492588.1A CN109585747A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Explosion-proof lithium battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109585747A true CN109585747A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
Family
ID=65928791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811492588.1A Withdrawn CN109585747A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Explosion-proof lithium battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109585747A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112103449A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2020-12-18 | 南京网安视智能系统有限公司 | Storage battery shell |
| CN113745603A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-03 | 嘉庚创新实验室 | Pressure regulation explosion-proof device, battery thereof and explosion-proof method of battery |
-
2018
- 2018-12-07 CN CN201811492588.1A patent/CN109585747A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112103449A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2020-12-18 | 南京网安视智能系统有限公司 | Storage battery shell |
| CN113745603A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-03 | 嘉庚创新实验室 | Pressure regulation explosion-proof device, battery thereof and explosion-proof method of battery |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |