CN109581409A - Active imaging system and method for inhibiting laser light intensity fluctuation image quality degradation effect - Google Patents
Active imaging system and method for inhibiting laser light intensity fluctuation image quality degradation effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an active imaging system and method for inhibiting the degradation effect of the image quality of laser light intensity fluctuation, which aim to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when a Fourier imaging system is used for imaging, the requirement on the stability of a laser light source is too high, so that the engineering is difficult to achieve or the cost is too high, or the imaging timeliness is poor due to the fact that the sampling time is prolonged, so that the application range of the imaging system is limited; the auxiliary light is used for detecting a light intensity value, then a light intensity fluctuation proportion coefficient matrix is obtained through calculation so as to obtain a light intensity disturbance factor, the light intensity disturbance factor and a phase closed coefficient are utilized, a frequency spectrum component for eliminating light intensity fluctuation is obtained through a frequency spectrum reconstruction algorithm, and finally an image for inhibiting laser light intensity fluctuation so as to avoid an image quality degradation effect is obtained through image reconstruction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Active Imagings, and in particular to a kind of Active Imaging for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect
System and method.
Background technique
The imaging of laser interference field is a kind of novel high-resolution Active Imaging technology, as shown in Figure 1, by actively emitting multi beam
Coherent laser illumination scans target surface, the received system signal demodulation of the laser echo signal of scanning target surface reflection, phase
After position closure inhibits turbulent perturbation to influence, target full resolution pricture is reconstructed.Compared with conventional optical image, have high resolution,
The features such as operating distance is remote, initiative is strong can be applied to the fields such as the dark weak signal target detection of space remote, for conducting a research
Important in inhibiting and wide application prospect.
Existing active imaging system, including laser emission element, laser echo signal receiving unit；Wherein, laser is sent out
Penetrating unit includes transmitting information processing computer, Laser emission array；Laser echo signal receiving unit includes that detector receives
Module, image reconstruction module；Transmitting information processing computer is used to be arranged the transmitting aperture spacing and laser of each spectral sample point
The direction of the launch；The control that Laser emission array is used to handle computer according to transmitting information moves to corresponding spectral sample point
Transmitting laser scanning target surface, target surface reflection laser echo optical signal are postponed, detector receiving module is used to receive sharp
Optical echo optical signal is simultaneously converted into return laser beam electric signal；Image reconstruction module is received for pick-up probe receiving module
The return laser beam electric signal arrived, after having acquired all spectral sample points on Laser emission array, by return laser beam electric signal into
Row demodulation process and solve obtain phase close coefficient；Using phase close coefficient, high order frequency spectrum point is obtained by frequency spectrum iteration
Amount, and target image is rebuild through inverse Fourier transform using high order frequency spectrum component.
I.e. existing active imaging system is by Laser emission array emitter laser irradiation target, using successive iterations
Reconstructed spectrum component is imaged.Since Laser Intensity Fluctuation directly affects the solving precision of iteration spectrum component, and then influence
Last image quality can not even rebuild target image when serious.Therefore, laser beam intensity fluctuation is to influence laser coherence field
A key factor of image quality is imaged.
It is preferable to obtain since the light intensity of laser beam is at any time affected to imaging image quality with the fluctuation in space
Image quality, existing laser imaging system mainly pass through following two technological approaches and eliminate laser beam intensity fluctuation to imaging image quality
Influence: method one guarantees light beam stabilized intensity using high stable power laser sources；Method two when imaging samples, increases
The spectral sample time eliminates Laser Intensity Fluctuation effect by the method for averaging.Both the above method, can be to a certain degree
The upper influence for eliminating laser beam light-intensity variation to image quality.
But for method one, laser light source is required to be narrow linewidth, high stability, this is difficult to reach in practical projects
It arrives, even if can reach, very big, the very high problem of cost that there is also difficulty in Project Realization；For method two, when sampling
Between lengthening cause be imaged timeliness be deteriorated so that the use scope of this imaging system is restricted.
Summary of the invention
It is of the existing technology when using Fourier's imaging system images to solve, laser light source stable was required
Height causes to be extremely difficult in engineering or cost is excessively high, or leads to be imaged timeliness variation since the sampling time lengthens, so that at
The technical issues of being restricted as system use scope, the present invention propose a kind of to inhibit Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect
Active imaging system and method.
Since unclear laser beam intensity fluctuates the Influencing Mechanism to imaging image quality, thus existing laser both at home and abroad at present
Light-intensity variation (disturbance) suppressing method can not eliminate degrade influence of the Laser Intensity Fluctuation on image quality from source.The present invention establishes
Influence theoretical model of the laser intensity to spectrum component, discloses the mechanism that Laser Intensity Fluctuation has an impact image quality, and
Based on this model and basic affecting laws, proposing a kind of efficiently can inhibit laser beam intensity fluctuation and has an impact to image quality
High-resolution active imaging system and method.
Inventive concept of the invention are as follows: at Laser emission end, laser is divided by laser beam splitter by main beam and auxiliary
Two beam of light, main beam by target surface reflection laser echo optical signal and then obtain phase close system for scanning target surface
Number；Then fill-in light is calculated light-intensity variation proportionality coefficient matrix by image reconstruction module, utilizes light for detecting light intensity value
High-amplitude wave dynamic proportional coefficient matrix and phase close coefficient solve the frequency spectrum point for the light-intensity variation that is eliminated by frequency spectrum algorithm for reconstructing
Amount is inhibited finally by image reconstruction and Laser Intensity Fluctuation and then avoids the image of image quality degradation effect.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of active imaging system inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect, as shown in Fig. 2, including Laser emission
Unit, laser echo signal receiving unit, the laser emission element include transmitting information processing computer, Laser emission battle array
Column；The laser echo signal receiving unit includes detector receiving module and image reconstruction module；It is characterized by also including
When system unit and light intensity test instrument, the laser emission element further include laser beam splitter；
Unit is united when described for the processing of transmitting information described in synchronously control computer, the Laser emission array, described
Light intensity test instrument and the detector receiving module；
The laser beam splitter is used to the laser obtained from the laser emission element being divided into main beam and fill-in light two
Beam；Main beam reflects to obtain return laser beam optical signal, return laser beam optical signal for scanning target surface, and by target surface
Into detector receiving module, corresponding return laser beam electric signal is exported by detector receiving module；Fill-in light is by light intensity test
Instrument receives；
Image reconstruction module is used for according to the return laser beam electric signal obtained from detector receiving module and from light intensity test
The fill-in light light intensity value that instrument obtains rebuilds target image；Specifically: the shearing light of multiple repairing weld is calculated according to fill-in light light intensity value
The ratio between beam and the light intensity value of fixed beam establish light intensity ratio coefficient matrix, so calculate sample every time light intensity disturbance because
Son；The fixed beam is the laser beam issued in each sampling from same laser emission port, and the shearing light beam is and fixation
The adjacent light beam of light beam；The laser echo signal is demodulated and solves to obtain phase close coefficient；Utilize the phase
Coefficient and the light intensity Discontinuous Factors are closed, by frequency spectrum iteration, high order frequency spectrum component after the Laser Intensity Fluctuation that is inhibited,
High order frequency spectrum component is rebuild into target image through inverse Fourier transform.
The present invention also provides a kind of based on the active for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect described in claim 1
The image rebuilding method of imaging system, is characterized in that, as shown in Figure 3, comprising the following steps:
1) the Laser emission array laser light intensity value that the light intensity test instrument provides, the Laser emission battle array sampled every time are obtained
Column laser includes at least three beams of laser, and the laser beam issued in sampling from same laser emission port every time is fixed beam, Gu
The adjacent light beam of light beam is determined for shearing light beam；Obtain the return laser beam electric signal that detector receiving module provides；
2) shearing the ratio between the light beam and the light intensity value of fixed beam sampled every time is calculated, the light intensity ratio of the sampled point is denoted as
Coefficient；The light intensity proportionality coefficient of multiple sampled points constitutes light intensity ratio coefficient matrix；Based on light intensity ratio coefficient matrix, calculate
To the light intensity Discontinuous Factors sampled every time；
3) the return laser beam electric signal for obtaining step 1) demodulates, and obtains echo demodulated signal, using echo demodulated signal,
According to phase close technical principle, gradually solves and obtain each rank phase close coefficient；
4) the light intensity Discontinuous Factors that the phase close coefficient and step 2) obtained step 3) obtains substitute into spectrum component table
Up to formula by iteration recursion, high order frequency spectrum component is calculated；
5) the high order frequency spectrum component for obtaining step 4) obtains target full resolution pricture against Fourier, reconstruction.
Further, step 1) specifically:
1.1) when system unit synchronization signal control under, transmitting information handle the 1st spectral sample point of computer installation extremely
The aperture spacing of few three laser emission ports and Laser emission direction simultaneously generate order to control the corresponding laser of Laser emission array
Launch hole emits laser；
1.2) Laser emission array obtains the order sent of transmitting information processing computer, and according to the order from the 1st frequency
Sampled point transmitting laser is composed to laser beam splitter；
1.3) laser that the 1st spectral sample point obtained from Laser emission array emits is divided into main beam by laser beam splitter
With two beam of fill-in light；
1.4) the key light beam scanning target surface；
1.5) fill-in light emits to light intensity test instrument；
1.6) the target surface reflection laser echo optical signal；
1.7) the detector receiving module obtains the return laser beam optical signal, and is converted into return laser beam telecommunications
Image reconstruction module is sent to after number S (t)；
1.8) light intensity test instrument receives the fill-in light, and measures the light intensity value Q of fixed beam in the fill-in light1-t1With cut
Cut the light intensity value Q of light beam2-t1, and by light intensity value Q1-t1And Q2-t1It is sent to image reconstruction module；
1.9) the 1st spectral sample point sampling is completed；
1.10) step 1.1) is repeated to the sampling of the 2nd spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point 1.9), is sequentially completed, and is obtained
The 2nd spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point is taken to influence the light intensity value Q of shearing light beam of Laser Intensity Fluctuation2-t2、
Q2-t3、……、Q2-tn；
1.11) this method only fixes light beam light intensity values Q with the 1st spectral sample point1-t1It is related, therefore the other spectral samples of accident
The light intensity value of point fixed beam；
1.12) the return laser beam electric signal S (t) of the n-th spectral sample point and the light intensity value Q of shearing light beam are got2-tnAfterwards,
Sampling then terminates.
Further, step 2) specifically:
2.1) image reconstruction module obtains the fixed light of the 1st spectral sample point that real-time measurement obtains from the light intensity test instrument
The light intensity value Q of beam1-t1With the light intensity value Q of shearing light beam2-t1, utilize Q1-t1And Q2-t1Calculate the light intensity ratio of the 1st spectral sample point
Coefficient k1_12, and by k1_12Record storage:
k1_12=Q2-t1/Q1-t1=A2(t1)2 /A1(t1)2
Wherein, light intensity ratio coefficient k1_12Subscript explanation, 1- indicate that the 1st spectral sample point, 12- indicate that shearing light beam is opposite
Fixed beam；k1_12Indicate the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the relatively fixed light beam of the 1st spectral sample point shearing light beam；A2(t1)2It is the 1st
Spectral sample point emits square that the instantaneous light intensity amplitude of light beam is sheared in laser；A1(t1)2Emit laser for the 1st spectral sample point
Square of the middle instantaneous light intensity amplitude of fixed beam；
2.2) the light intensity value Q that light beam is sheared in the 2nd spectral sample point transmitting laser is utilized2-t2With the light of fixed beam
Intensity values Q1-t1, calculate the light intensity ratio coefficient k of the 2nd spectral sample point2_12, and by k2_12Record storage:
k2_12=Q2-t2/Q1-t1=A2(t2)2/A1(t1)2
2.3) operation for repeating step 2.2), is calculated the light intensity ratio of the 3rd spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point
Coefficient k3_12、……、kn_12, and by k3_12、……、kn_12Record storage:
k3_12=Q2-t3/Q1-t1=A2(t3)2/A1(t1)2
……
kn_12=Q2-tn/Q1-t1=A2(tn)2/A1(t1)2
2.4) step 2.1) to the light beam beam intensity ratio of 2.3) the 1st spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point of storage is utilized
Example coefficient k1_12、……、kn_12, obtain the light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M of the 1st spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point:
M=[k1_12 k2_12 … kn_12]；
2.5) the light intensity ratio system of the 1st spectral sample point in the light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M of step 2.4) acquisition is utilized
Number, is calculated the light intensity Discontinuous Factors A of the 1st spectral sample point2(t1)2:
A2(t1)2=k1_12·A1(t1)2
2.6) light intensity value of the 1st spectral sample point fixed beam is Q1-t1, Q1-t1Corresponding instantaneous light intensity amplitude is A1(t1),
Similarly with step 2.5), the 2nd spectral sample o'clock is calculated to the n-th spectral sample point light intensity Discontinuous Factors A2(t1)2、……、A2
(tn)2:
A2(t2)2=k2_12·A1(t1)2
A2(t3)2=k3_12·A1(t1)2
A2(t4)2=k4_12·A1(t1)2
……
A2(tn)2=kn_12·A1(t1)2。
Further, step 3) specifically:
3.1) the return laser beam electric signal S (t) for obtaining step 1.7) is demodulated, and obtains echo demodulated signal Pij；
3.1.1 the return laser beam electric signal S (t)) is expressed as return laser beam light intensity signal I (x, y, t) and target is strong
Spend the convolution of reflective function O (x, y):
S (t)=∫ ∫ I (x, y, t) O (x, y) dxdy
3.1.2) setting the sampling period as T, sampling number N, signal frequency difference is Δ ωij, enable N Δ ωijT=2n π will swash
Optical echo electric signal S (t) carries out discrete sampling and simplifies processing, obtains each light beam in each spectral sample point transmitting laser and claps two-by-two
Echo demodulated signal P after frequencyij:
Wherein, PijFor echo demodulated signal；K is laser echo signal discrete sampling point serial number；M (kT) is a sampling week
Discrete sampling data in phase；OijFor spectrum component；The light intensity amplitude of light beam i and light beam j is respectively AiAnd Aj；
3.2) the echo demodulated signal P obtained using step 3.1.2)ij, according to phase close technical principle, gradually solve
Obtain each rank phase close coefficients R12n, R12nGeneral formula are as follows:
Wherein, n refers to the n-th spectral sample point, value 3,4,5 ..., n-1, n；A2(tn) it is that the n-th spectral sample point is sent out
It penetrates in laser and shears the instantaneous light intensity amplitude of light beam.
Further, step 4) specifically:
4.1) by light intensity Discontinuous Factors A described in step2(t3)2Substitute into spectrum component O1nExpression formula:
O1n=NA2(tn)2·(O12·O2n)/R12n
The phase close coefficients R obtained in conjunction with step 3.2)12n, rebuild the spectrum component O of the 3rd spectral sample point13:
O13=NA2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123
=Nk3_12·A1·(t1)2·(O12·O23)/R123
Enable A1(t1)2=C, obtains:
O13=CNk3_12·(O12·O23)/R123
4.2) the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point similarly with step 4.1), is rebuild14:
O14=NA2(t4)2·(O12·O24)/R124
Due to O24=O13, O12=O23, then the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point14Are as follows:
O14=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·O13)/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·A2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·(k3_12·A1(t1)2)(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(A1(t1)2·A1(t1)2)·(O12 2·O23)/R123·R124
=C2·N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(O12 3)/R123·R124
4.3) the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point 4.2) obtained is utilized14, by iteration recursion, reconstruction obtains height
Rank spectrum component O1n:
Step 5) reconstruction obtains target full resolution pricture i.e. are as follows:
I=F-1(O1n)。
The present invention having the beneficial effect that compared with prior art
The active imaging system proposed by the present invention for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect, is a kind of laser high score
It distinguishes imaging system, Laser Intensity Fluctuation is effectively inhibited to improve system imaging image quality, simultaneously to the effect that degrades of reconstruction image
It reduces in the imaging process of laser interference field, for emitting the requirement of laser beam light stability, thereby reduces system reality
Existing difficulty.Specifically:
1, when using the system imaging, by when system unit realize system laser transmitting with return laser beam it is received it is synchronous control
System.Laser is split by addition laser beam splitter, key light beam scanning target surface, while light intensity test instrument can detecte
Fill-in light light intensity, main beam and fill-in light come from same light beam, and the two light intensity value is identical, obtains laser by light intensity test instrument
The light intensity value of beam, is subsequent solutions light intensity proportionality coefficient, and the elimination Laser Intensity Fluctuation effect that degrades is prepared；
2, it says that the present invention relaxes requirement of the laser light source to light stability from the angle that laser is selected, reduces sharp
The development difficulty and cost of light emission system；
3, it compares compared with sampling the method being averaged for a long time, system and method for the invention, which has, inhibits laser intensity
Thoroughly, image quality effect promoting is obvious, realizes simple and convenient feature for fluctuation.System and method of the invention can real-time and accurate measurement
The light intensity proportionality coefficient of laser beam intensity fluctuation is obtained, and in image reconstruction algorithm, the light intensity wave obtained using real-time measurement
Dynamic light intensity proportionality coefficient obtains light intensity Discontinuous Factors, eliminates Laser Intensity Fluctuation effect to the drop of spectrum component and image quality
Matter influential effect, and then promote image quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is existing Laser active illuminated imaging schematic illustration；
Fig. 2 is the active imaging system schematic diagram that the present invention inhibits Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect；
Fig. 3 is the Active Imaging method flow diagram that the present invention inhibits Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect；
Fig. 4 is the reconstruction image effect contrast figure before and after present invention inhibition Laser Intensity Fluctuation, and figure a is to be originally inputted figure
Picture, figure b are that the image of Laser Intensity Fluctuation is not inhibited to directly reconstruct effect picture, and figure c is to inhibit laser using system of the invention
Image reconstruction effect picture after light-intensity variation；
Fig. 5 is that frequency spectrum of the present invention rebuilds schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is that three beam phases of the invention are closed schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below by taking three beam laser imaging systems as an example, the present invention is further described in conjunction with attached drawing.
1) light intensity value and real-time reception laser echo signal are obtained in real time
It unites when unlatching unit, You Shitong unit synchronization signal is uniformly controlled transmitting information processing computer, at transmitting information
It is sharp to control by the aperture spacing and Laser emission direction that 3 laser emission ports of the 1st spectral sample point are arranged to manage computer
Light emitting array emitter laser, at this point, Laser emission array is from the 1st spectral sample point transmitting laser (wherein comprising 3 laser hairs
Light beam 1, light beam 2 and the light beam 3 that perforation emits respectively) give laser beam splitter, laser beam splitter by the laser be divided into main beam and
Two beam of fill-in light, wherein for scanning target surface (detection target), fill-in light is used for as the defeated of light intensity test instrument main beam
Enter and (received by light intensity test instrument) measure from the 1st spectral sample point issue laser beam in each light beam light intensity value, from
And it completes from the 1st spectral sample point sampling.Specific measurement process are as follows: when system unit synchronization signal control under, open light intensity
The 1st spectral sample point of tester real-time measurement is in t1When the moment, the light intensity value Q of light beam 11-t1With the light intensity value Q of light beam 22-t1.Afterwards
It is continuous only to need the light intensity value of measuring beam 2 at various moments, and it is calculated with light beam 1 in t1The ratio between the light intensity value at moment.
First define light beam 1, light beam 2, light beam 3.Light beam 1 is fixed beam, i.e., every time in sampling from same laser emission port
The laser beam of sending, light beam 2 is the adjacent beams of fixed beam, to shear light beam, plays main influence for light-intensity variation；In addition
Light beam be light beam 3, i.e. mobile beam, and during spectral sample, light beam serial number remains unchanged, light beam 1, light beam 2, light beam
3 positional relationships are as shown in Fig. 5 phase；With the receiving array system of large area low optical quality requirement, (detector receives mould again simultaneously
Block) it receives target laser echo optical signal and is converted into return laser beam electric signal, the return laser beam light through target reflection is believed
Target Fourier spectrum component information is contained in number, image reconstruction module obtains the return laser beam that detector receiving module provides
Electric signal.
Therefore, in addition in t1Moment needs to detect the light intensity value of light beam 1 and light beam 2 in the 1st spectral sample point transmitting laser
Outside, only need to detect the light intensity value of light beam 2 for remaining moment.This is because this method and the 1st spectral sample point light
(fixed beam) light intensity value of beam 1 Q1-t1It is related, therefore be not required to survey the light intensity value of other spectral sample point fixed beams.
One spectral sample point corresponding moment, i.e. the 1st spectral sample point correspond to t1Moment, the 2nd spectral sample point pair
Answer t2Moment, and so on, that is to say, that only one spectral sample point of each moment emits laser.Meanwhile the 1st frequency spectrum
It is received by target surface reflection via detector receiving module after the key light beam scanning target surface of sampled point and is converted to it
Return laser beam electric signal S (t), when system unit synchronization signal control under, detector receiving module receives the return laser beam telecommunications
Number S (t).
(light intensity value Q1-t1Illustrate: subscript 1- indicates light beam 1, subscript t1Indicate the 1st spectral sample point, Q1-t1Indicate the 1st frequency
Compose the light intensity value of sampled point light beam 1；2-indicate light beam 2, t1- indicate the 1st spectral sample point, Q2-t1Indicate the 1st spectral sample point
Light beam 2 light intensity value；The light intensity value of remaining spectral sample point indicates similarly.)
According to above-mentioned steps, it is straight to continue the 2nd spectral sample point, the 3rd spectral sample point on successively measurement Laser emission array
To the light intensity value of the light beam 2 of the n-th spectral sample point, the above light intensity value measurement is (i.e. different in different moments in order to obtain light beam 2
Spectral sample point) light intensity value Q2-t2、Q2-t3、……、Q2-tn.Until spectral sample points all on Laser emission array transmitting swashs
The corresponding return laser beam electric signal S (t) of light and the light intensity value of light beam 2 are all acquired and are finished, and sampling then terminates.
2) light intensity ratio coefficient matrix is obtained
Image reconstruction module is from light intensity test instrument obtaining step 1) in obtained all spectral sample points (the i.e. institute of real-time measurement
Have the moment) transmitting light beam 2 light intensity value Q2-t1、Q2-t2、Q2-t3、……、Q2-tnAnd the 1st spectral sample point (i.e. t1Moment) light
The light intensity value of beam 1, then calculates and the light intensity proportionality coefficient between light beam two-by-two in the every Shu Jiguang of record storage, light intensity proportionality coefficient
Calculating process specifically:
The 1st spectral sample point is calculated, the light intensity proportionality coefficient of light beam 2 and light beam 1:
k1_12=Q2-t1/Q1-t1=A2(t1)2/A1(t1)2
(light intensity proportionality coefficient explanation: k1_12Subscript explanation, 1- indicate that the 1st spectral sample point, 12- indicate the light relatively of light beam 2
Beam 1；k1_12Indicate the light intensity proportionality coefficient of 2 relative beam 1 of the 1st spectral sample point light beam；A2(t1) it is the 1st spectral sample point light
The corresponding instantaneous light intensity amplitude of beam 2；A1(t1) it is the corresponding instantaneous light intensity amplitude of the 1st spectral sample point light beam 1；Remaining frequency spectrum is adopted
Sampling point proportionality coefficient indicates similarly.)
Similarly, the 2nd spectral sample point is calculated, the light intensity proportionality coefficient of light beam 2 and light beam 1:
k2_12=Q2-t2/Q1-t1=A2(t2)2/A1(t1)2
Successively calculate the 3rd spectral sample point ..., the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the n-th spectral sample point:
k3_12=Q2-t3/Q1-t1=A2(t3)2/A1(t1)2
……
kn_12=Q2-tn/Q1-t1=A2(tn)2/A1(t1)2
By the light beam 2 of all spectral sample points (i.e. the 1st spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point) with respect to t1Moment light beam
1 light intensity proportionality coefficient obtains the light beam 2 of all spectral sample points with respect to t1The light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M of moment light beam 1:
M=[k1_12 k2_12 … kn_12]
Eliminating light intensity Discontinuous Factors using the light intensity proportionality coefficient in light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M, (light intensity Discontinuous Factors are
Square of the instantaneous light intensity amplitude of different moments light beam 2 shears square of light beam, is expressed as A2(tn)2), it is obtained in conjunction with step 3)
The phase close coefficients R arrived12n, principle is rebuild according to frequency spectrum, is rebuild step by step by low order spectrum component and obtains high order frequency spectrum component
O1n, high order frequency spectrum component O1nExpression formula:
O1n=NA2(tn)2·(O12·O2n)/R12n
Detailed process is as follows for the spectrum component of solution inhibition Laser Intensity Fluctuation:
The light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M obtained using step 2), is calculated light intensity Discontinuous Factors A2(tn)2
Due to k1_12=Q2-t1/Q1-t1=A2(t1)2/A1(t1)2；
By A1(t1)2As invariant C=A1(t1)2Processing, the invariant do not influence at post laser echo-signal
Reason when therefore all as a result, inscribe, t1Moment light beam 1 and the instantaneous light intensity amplitude scale relationship of light beam 2 are as follows:
A2(t1)2=k1_12·A1(t1)2；
A2(t2)2=k2_12·A1(t1)2；
A2(t3)2=k3_12·A1(t1)2；
A2(t4)2=k4_12·A1(t1)2；
……
A2(tn)2=kn_12·A1(t1)2
3) phase close coefficient is solved
Return laser beam electric signal S (t) demodulation that step 1) obtains is obtained into echo demodulated signal Pij, then demodulated and believed by echo
Number PijIt solves, obtains phase close coefficients R12n, specific steps are as follows:
The laser (including light beam 1, light beam 2 and light beam 3) of one spectral sample point transmitting is to targeted scans back reflection at R
Return laser beam electric signal S (t) is represented by return laser beam light intensity signal I's (x, y, t) and target strength reflective function O (x, y)
Convolution:
S (t)=∫ ∫ I (x, y, t) O (x, y) dxdy
If the sampling period is T, sampling number N, signal frequency difference are Δ ωij, when meeting condition N Δ ωijWhen T=2n π,
Laser echo signal S (t) is subjected to discrete sampling and simplifies processing, obtains three group beat frequency echoes demodulation of three light beams two-by-two after beat frequency
Signal Pij:
Wherein, PijFor echo demodulated signal；K is laser echo signal discrete sampling point serial number；M (kT) is a sampling week
Discrete sampling data in phase；OijFor spectrum component；The light intensity amplitude of light beam i and light beam j is respectively AiAnd Aj。
Image quality degradation effect caused by being disturbed by atmospheric turbulance, by phase close technology to being inhibited.Three light beam phases
The principle of position closure techniques, can gradually be solved to obtain each rank phase close coefficients R by phase close technology12n, general expression
Are as follows:
N refers to the n-th spectral sample point, value 3,4,5 ..., n-1, n；
Wherein, A2(tn) it is light beam 2 in tnThe instantaneous light intensity amplitude at moment, since atmospheric turbulance disturbance can cause light intensity value
Random variation at any time, therefore, phase close coefficients R12nFor with the stochastic variable of light beam light intensity and time change.
4) frequency spectrum of Laser Intensity Fluctuation is inhibited to solve
By light intensity Discontinuous Factors A2(tn)2Substitute into spectrum component O1nExpression formula, in conjunction with phase close coefficients R12n, according to frequency spectrum
Principle is rebuild, low order spectrum component is rebuild:
O13=NA2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123
=Nk3_12·A1·(t1)2·(O12·O23)/R123
By low order spectrum component O12It rebuilds step by step, obtains high order frequency spectrum component O1n:
O14=CNk3_12·(O12·O23)/R123
Due to O24=O13, O12=O23, it obtains:
O14=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·O13)/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·A2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·(k3_12·A1(t1)2)(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(A1(t1)2·A1(t1)2)·(O12 2·O23)/R123·R124
=C2·N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(O12 3)/R123·R124
By iteration recursion, the high order frequency spectrum component O accurately solved is rebuild1n:
5) target full resolution pricture is rebuild
Last high order frequency spectrum component O1nInverse Fourier rebuilds target full resolution pricture, due to spectrum component O1nInverse Fourier
Reconstruction image is conventional technical means, and the present invention is no longer discussed in detail, and is eliminated laser intensity by following formula against Fourier reconstruction
Fluctuate the image I for the effect that degrades:
I=F-1(O1n)
The present invention is characterized and is verified by qualitative and quantitative test method active imaging system of the invention and inhibits to swash
Image quality after light light-intensity variation promotes effect, and original input picture is set forth first, does not inhibit Laser Intensity Fluctuation (shake
Or disturbance) directly reconstruct image and using the reconstruction image after system and method inhibition Laser Intensity Fluctuation of the invention come into
Then row qualitative characterization directly reconstructs figure and using system suppression of the invention by calculating separately the image under Laser Intensity Fluctuation
The image image quality evaluation index Si Telieer ratio of image reconstruction figure after Laser Intensity Fluctuation processed, it is of the invention to carry out quantitative evaluation
Imaging system inhibits the validity and actual effect promoted after Laser Intensity Fluctuation for image quality.
From the point of view of the intuitive visual effect of Fig. 4 qualitative characterization, that schemes c inhibits Laser Intensity Fluctuation using system of the invention
Image reconstruction effect picture afterwards does not inhibit the image of Laser Intensity Fluctuation to directly reconstruct effect picture, image reconstruction effect compared to figure b's
Fruit effect is more preferable, specific manifestation are as follows: more evenly, image quality is apparent for background gray scale, and signal noise ratio (snr) of image is higher.
Table 1. inhibits the image quality index contrast table of image reconstruction before and after Laser Intensity Fluctuation
| The image quality index of image reconstruction compares | Do not inhibit Laser Intensity Fluctuation | Inhibit Laser Intensity Fluctuation |
| Image Si Telieer ratio | 16.3% | 31.6% |
From the point of view of the quantitatively characterizing of table 1, inhibit the Si Telieer ratio of reconstruction image after Laser Intensity Fluctuation compared to not pressing down
The Si Telieer that Laser Intensity Fluctuation processed directly reconstructs image improves about 15.3%.
In summary the conclusion that qualitative and quantitative test result obtains are as follows: laser can be effectively suppressed in imaging system of the invention
Degrade effect caused by light-intensity variation, to improve the image quality of reconstruction image.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations, for
For the those of ordinary skill of this field, it can modify to specific technical solution documented by foregoing embodiments,
Or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, and these are modified or replaceed, and do not make the sheet of corresponding technical solution
Matter is detached from the range of institute's protection technique scheme of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of active imaging system for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect, including laser emission element, laser return
Wave signal receiving unit, the laser emission element include transmitting information processing computer, Laser emission array；The laser returns
Wave signal receiving unit includes detector receiving module and image reconstruction module；It is characterized by also including when system unit and light
Strong tester, the laser emission element further include laser beam splitter；
Unit is united when described for transmitting information described in synchronously control processing computer, the Laser emission array, the light intensity
Tester and the detector receiving module；
The laser beam splitter is used to the laser obtained from the laser emission element being divided into two beam of main beam and fill-in light；It is main
Light beam reflects to obtain return laser beam optical signal by target surface for scanning target surface, and return laser beam optical signal enters
Detector receiving module exports corresponding return laser beam electric signal by detector receiving module；Fill-in light is connect by light intensity test instrument
It receives；
Image reconstruction module is used to obtain according to the return laser beam electric signal obtained from detector receiving module and from light intensity test instrument
The fill-in light light intensity value taken rebuilds target image；Specifically: according to fill-in light light intensity value calculate multiple repairing weld shearing light beam with
The ratio between light intensity value of fixed beam establishes light intensity ratio coefficient matrix, and then calculates the light intensity Discontinuous Factors sampled every time；Institute
Stating fixed beam is the laser beam issued in each sampling from same laser emission port, and the shearing light beam is and fixed beam phase
Adjacent light beam；The laser echo signal is demodulated and solves to obtain phase close coefficient；Utilize the phase close system
The several and light intensity Discontinuous Factors, by frequency spectrum iteration, high order frequency spectrum component after the Laser Intensity Fluctuation that is inhibited, by high-order
Spectrum component rebuilds target image through inverse Fourier transform.
2. a kind of image weight based on the active imaging system for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect described in claim 1
Construction method, comprising the following steps:
1) the Laser emission array laser light intensity value that the light intensity test instrument provides is obtained, the Laser emission array sampled every time swashs
Light includes that at least three beams of laser, the laser beam issued in sampling from same laser emission port every time is fixed beam, fixed light
The light beam of Shu Xianglin is shearing light beam；Obtain the return laser beam electric signal that detector receiving module provides；
2) shearing the ratio between the light beam and the light intensity value of fixed beam sampled every time is calculated, the light intensity ratio system of the sampled point is denoted as
Number；The light intensity proportionality coefficient of multiple sampled points constitutes light intensity ratio coefficient matrix；Based on light intensity ratio coefficient matrix, it is calculated
The light intensity Discontinuous Factors sampled every time；
3) the return laser beam electric signal for obtaining step 1) demodulates, and obtains echo demodulated signal, using echo demodulated signal, according to
Phase close technical principle gradually solves and obtains each rank phase close coefficient；
4) the light intensity Discontinuous Factors that the phase close coefficient and step 2) obtained step 3) obtains substitute into spectrum component expression formula
By iteration recursion, high order frequency spectrum component is calculated；
5) the high order frequency spectrum component for obtaining step 4) obtains target full resolution pricture against Fourier, reconstruction.
3. one kind is based on image rebuilding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 1) specifically:
1.1) when system unit synchronization signal control under, transmitting information handle the 1st spectral sample point of computer installation at least three
The aperture spacing of a laser emission port and Laser emission direction simultaneously generate order to control the corresponding Laser emission of Laser emission array
Hole emits laser；
1.2) Laser emission array obtains the order that transmitting information processing computer is sent, and is adopted according to the order from the 1st frequency spectrum
Sampling point emits laser to laser beam splitter；
1.3) laser that the 1st spectral sample point obtained from Laser emission array emits is divided into main beam and auxiliary by laser beam splitter
Help two beam of light；
1.4) the key light beam scanning target surface；
1.5) fill-in light is received by light intensity test instrument；
1.6) the target surface reflection laser echo optical signal；
1.7) the detector receiving module obtains the return laser beam optical signal, and is converted into return laser beam electric signal S
(t) image reconstruction module is sent to after；
1.8) light intensity test instrument receives the fill-in light, and measures the light intensity value Q of fixed beam in the fill-in light1-t1With shearing light
The light intensity value Q of beam2-t1, and by light intensity value Q1-t1And Q2-t1It is sent to image reconstruction module；
1.9) the 1st spectral sample point sampling is completed；
1.10) step 1.1) is repeated to the sampling of the 2nd spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point 1.9), is sequentially completed, and obtains the
2 spectral samples o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point influences the light intensity value Q of the shearing light beam of Laser Intensity Fluctuation2-t2、Q2-t3、……、
Q2-tn；
1.11) this method only fixes light beam light intensity values Q with the 1st spectral sample point1-t1It is related, therefore the other spectral sample solid points of accident
Determine the light intensity value of light beam；
1.12) the return laser beam electric signal S (t) of the n-th spectral sample point and the light intensity value Q of shearing light beam are got2-tnAfterwards, it samples
Then terminate.
4. using according to the method in claim 3, which is characterized in that step 2) specifically:
2.1) image reconstruction module obtains obtained the 1st spectral sample point fixed beam of real-time measurement from the light intensity test instrument
Light intensity value Q1-t1With the light intensity value Q of shearing light beam2-t1, utilize Q1-t1And Q2-t1Calculate the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the 1st spectral sample point
k1_12, and by k1_12Record storage:
k1_12=Q2-t1/Q1-t1=A2(t1)2/A1(t1)2
Wherein, light intensity ratio coefficient k1_12Subscript explanation, 1- indicate that the 1st spectral sample point, 12- indicate that shearing light beam is relatively fixed
Light beam；k1_12Indicate the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the relatively fixed light beam of the 1st spectral sample point shearing light beam；A2(t1)2For the 1st frequency spectrum
Sampled point emits square that the instantaneous light intensity amplitude of light beam is sheared in laser；A1(t1)2Emit for the 1st spectral sample point solid in laser
Determine square of the instantaneous light intensity amplitude of light beam；
2.2) the light intensity value Q that light beam is sheared in the 2nd spectral sample point transmitting laser is utilized2-t2With the light intensity value of fixed beam
Q1-t1, calculate the light intensity ratio coefficient k of the 2nd spectral sample point2_12, and by k2_12Record storage:
k2_12=Q2-t2/Q1-t1=A2(t2)2/A1(t1)2
2.3) operation for repeating step 2.2), is calculated the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the 3rd spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point
k3_12、……、kn_12, and by k3_12、……、kn_12Record storage:
k3_12=Q2-t3/Q1-t1=A2(t3)2/A1(t1)2
……
kn_12=Q2-tn/Q1-t1=A2(tn)2/A1(t1)2
2.4) step 2.1) to the light beam light intensity ratio system of 2.3) the 1st spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point of storage is utilized
Number k1_12、……、kn_12, obtain the light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M of the 1st spectral sample o'clock to the n-th spectral sample point:
M=[k1_12 k2_12 … kn_12]；
2.5) the light intensity proportionality coefficient of the 1st spectral sample point in the light intensity ratio coefficient matrix M of step 2.4) acquisition, meter are utilized
Calculation obtains the light intensity Discontinuous Factors A of the 1st spectral sample point2(t1)2:
A2(t1)2=k1_12·A1(t1)2
2.6) light intensity value of the 1st spectral sample point fixed beam is Q1-t1, Q1-t1Corresponding instantaneous light intensity amplitude is A1(t1), with step
2.5) the 2nd spectral sample o'clock similarly, is calculated to the n-th spectral sample point light intensity Discontinuous Factors A2(t1)2、……、A2(tn)2:
A2(t2)2=k2_12·A1(t1)2
A2(t3)2=k3_12·A1(t1)2
A2(t4)2=k4_12·A1(t1)2
……
A2(tn)2=kn_12·A1(t1)2。
5. utilizing method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step 3) specifically:
3.1) the return laser beam electric signal S (t) for obtaining step 1.7) is demodulated, and obtains echo demodulated signal Pij；
3.1.1 the return laser beam electric signal S (t)) is expressed as return laser beam light intensity signal I (x, y, t) and target strength is anti-
Penetrate the convolution of function O (x, y):
S (t)=∫ ∫ I (x, y, t) O (x, y) dxdy
3.1.2) setting the sampling period as T, sampling number N, signal frequency difference is Δ ωij, enable N Δ ωijT=2n π, by return laser beam
Electric signal S (t) carries out discrete sampling and simplifies processing, obtains in each spectral sample point transmitting laser each light beam two-by-two after beat frequency
Echo demodulated signal Pij:
Wherein, PijFor echo demodulated signal；K is laser echo signal discrete sampling point serial number；M (kT) is in a sampling period
Discrete sampling data；OijFor spectrum component；The light intensity amplitude of light beam i and light beam j is respectively AiAnd Aj；
3.2) the echo demodulated signal P obtained using step 3.1.2)ij, according to phase close technical principle, gradually solve and obtain
Each rank phase close coefficients R12n, R12nGeneral formula are as follows:
Wherein, n refers to the n-th spectral sample point, value 3,4,5 ..., n-1, n；A2(tn) it is that the transmitting of the n-th spectral sample point swashs
The instantaneous light intensity amplitude of light beam is sheared in light.
6. the method for inhibiting Laser Intensity Fluctuation image quality degradation effect to carry out Active Imaging using system according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, step 4) specifically:
4.1) by light intensity Discontinuous Factors A described in step2(t3)2Substitute into spectrum component O1nExpression formula:
O1n=NA2(tn)2·(O12·O2n)/R12n
The phase close coefficients R obtained in conjunction with step 3.2)12n, rebuild the spectrum component O of the 3rd spectral sample point13:
O13=NA2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123
=Nk3_12·A1·(t1)2·(O12·O23)/R123
Enable A1(t1)2=C, obtains:
O13=CNk3_12·(O12·O23)/R123
4.2) the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point similarly with step 4.1), is rebuild14:
O14=NA2(t4)2·(O12·O24)/R124
Due to O24=O13, O12=O23, then the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point14Are as follows:
O14=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·O13)/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·A2(t3)2·(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=Nk4_12·A1(t1)2·(O12·(N·(k3_12·A1(t1)2)(O12·O23)/R123))/R124
=N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(A1(t1)2·A1(t1)2)·(O12 2·O23)/R123·R124
=C2·N2·(k3_12·k4_12)·(O12 3)/R123·R124
4.3) the spectrum component O of the 4th spectral sample point 4.2) obtained is utilized14, by iteration recursion, reconstruction obtains high-order frequency
Spectral component O1n:
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