CN109579775A - Measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass - Google Patents
Measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109579775A CN109579775A CN201811512652.8A CN201811512652A CN109579775A CN 109579775 A CN109579775 A CN 109579775A CN 201811512652 A CN201811512652 A CN 201811512652A CN 109579775 A CN109579775 A CN 109579775A
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- Prior art keywords
- tendency
- rock stratum
- formation strike
- north
- engineering
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses formation strikes, the method for tendency in a kind of magnetic rock mass of measurement, method includes the following steps: identify rock stratum on engineering measurement figure moves towards direction Step 1: drawing field engineering measured drawing；Step 2: finding out the direct north of rock stratum to be measured on engineering measurement figure；Step 3: on the basis of direct north, determining that the azimuth for moving towards direction of rock stratum, the azimuth are formation strike；Step 4: determining the tendency direction of rock stratum, rock stratum tendency is permanent vertical with formation strike, determines that corresponding azimuth is inclined in rock stratum.Influence of the magnetic field for measurement can be effectively avoided, formation strike and rock stratum tendency can be accurately measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formation strikes, the measurement method of tendency, more particularly to rock in a kind of magnetic rock mass of measurement
Layer trend, the method for tendency.
Background technique
Engineering geological survey is usually carried out in non-magnetic rock mass, can measure rock stratum by the circumferentor of profession
Trend and tendency, if but in magnetic rock mass (such as magnetic iron ore), since the magnetism of rock mass can interfere the standard of circumferentor
Really measurement causes the circumferentor of profession that can not accurately put its function to good use, and is also suitable for magnetic well there is no a kind of at present
Property rock mass in measure formation strike, the method for tendency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art place, rock stratum in a kind of magnetic rock mass of measurement is provided and is walked
To, tendency method.
Formation strike, the method for tendency in the magnetic rock mass of this measurement provided by the invention, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: drawing field engineering measured drawing, rock stratum is identified on engineering measurement figure moves towards direction；
Step 2: finding out the direct north of rock stratum to be measured on engineering measurement figure；
Step 3: on the basis of direct north, determining the azimuth for moving towards direction of rock stratum, which walks for rock stratum
To；
Step 4: determining the tendency direction of rock stratum, rock stratum tendency is permanent vertical with formation strike, determines that rock stratum tendency is corresponding
Azimuth.
In a specific embodiment, the specific steps of direct north are determined in the step 2 are as follows:
(1), prepare the engineering plan accurately surveyed underground survey area, printing drawing map sheet is not less than A1；
(2), it chooses and wears any in arteries and veins as points for investigation, determine the engineered locations and basic orientation of points for investigation, and on drawing
Mark；
(3), drawing is tiled, rotates drawing, makes field engineering is parallel to engineering corresponding on drawing to be overlapped；
(4), the direction of the due north instruction of the determination on drawing is the direct north of field engineering, is positive with Y-axis forward direction
The north is to and identifying；Determine the direct north of points for investigation, tile drawing, rotates drawing, makes points for investigation is corresponding to wear arteries and veins and scene
Engineering is compound in parallel, that is, can determine the direct north of points for investigation.
As an alternative, determine that the specific steps of direct north can be in the step 2 are as follows:
(1), prepare the engineering plan accurately surveyed underground survey area；
(2), multiple points for investigation are chosen, and find out the points for investigation measurement point that nearby field engineering marks；
(3), adjacent two measurement point is connected, determines the azimuth of the line；
(4), by the azimuth in the total station survey line at the scene Practical Project, so that it is determined that engineering site is just
The north to.
Formation strike is determined using protractor and square type plate as tool in the step 3；By the center of circle of protractor be placed in
At measuring point, keep 90 ° of graduation marks of protractor parallel with the direct north of rock stratum；Square type plate is placed on protractor, square type plate is made
A long side cross the center of circle of protractor, with the center of circle be basic spin moment template to the long side and rock stratum to move towards direction parallel；
It reads the angle between 90 ° of graduation marks of square type plate and protractor and combines the side for moving towards direction you can get it formation strike of rock stratum
Parallactic angle.
In the step 4, spin moment template to the long side and rock stratum move towards that direction is vertical, and inclining according to rock stratum
The azimuth that rock stratum is inclined to is determined to direction.
Or formation strike is determined by tool of direction finder in the step 3, it is with direction finder in the step 4
Tool determines that rock stratum is inclined to.
The direction finder includes 360 ° of dials and disk cover, and being equipped at the center location of 360 ° of dials can revolve around the center of circle
The pointer turned, the outer rim of dial correspond to and sight needle equipped with north orientation at 0 ° of graduation mark position.
Screw rod is equipped at the center location of the dial, external thread of screw is connected with matched nut, the pointer
One end is fixed in outside nut；Universal level is additionally provided on the dial.
The north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north in the step 3, and adjusts in universal level bubble extremely
Between two parties, then rotary indicator to be parallel to rock stratum moves towards direction, can read the azimuth of formation strike.
The north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north in the step 4, and adjusts in universal level bubble extremely
Between two parties, then rotary indicator is to the direction of moving towards perpendicular to rock stratum, and according to the tendency direction of rock stratum, can read rock stratum tendency
Azimuth.
The present invention draws field engineering measured drawing first, and rock stratum is identified on engineering measurement figure moves towards direction；Then exist
The direct north of rock stratum to be measured is found out on engineering measurement figure；Then on the basis of direct north, determine the direction moved towards of rock stratum
Azimuth, the azimuth are formation strike；The tendency direction of rock stratum is determined again, and rock stratum tendency is permanent vertical with formation strike, determines
It is inclined to corresponding azimuth in rock stratum.Can exclude the influence in magnetic field, thus accurately measure formation strike in magnetic rock mass and
Rock stratum tendency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that points for investigation direct north is determined in the preferred embodiment of the present invention one.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is measurement rock stratum tendency in the preferred embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that points for investigation direct north is determined in the preferred embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of lateral instrument in the preferred embodiment of the present invention three.
Illustrate serial number:
1-protractor；
2-square type plates；
3-direction finders, 31-dials, 32-disk covers, 33-pointers, 34-north orientations sight needle, 35-screw rods, 36-spiral shells
Mother, 37-universal levels.
Specific embodiment
Preferred embodiment one, formation strike, the method for tendency in the magnetic rock mass of this measurement provided in this embodiment, including
Following steps:
Step 1: drawing field engineering measured drawing, rock stratum is identified on engineering measurement figure moves towards direction.
Step 2: finding out the direct north of rock stratum to be measured on engineering measurement figure.
As shown in Figure 1.When determining direct north, firstly, it is necessary to which it is flat to prepare the engineering that underground survey area is accurately surveyed
Face figure, printing drawing answer it is larger preferably map sheet is not less than A1, and have partial enlarged view best；Determine the engineered locations of points for investigation
And basic orientation, and be identified on drawing；Drawing tiling is come, drawing is rotated, keeps field engineering corresponding on drawing
Engineering combines in parallel；The direction of the due north instruction of the finally determination on drawing is that the direct north of field engineering is (logical
The engineering plan often surveyed has determined the direct north of whole region using connection survey, general drawing with Y-axis just
To for direct north, and respective identification comes out).Shown in following illustrated example, it is desirable to determine the direct north of No. 1 points for investigation, tile
Drawing rotates drawing, so that 1# is worn arteries and veins parallel with field engineering compound, can find out the direct north of No. 1 points for investigation.
Step 3: on the basis of direct north, determining the azimuth for moving towards direction of rock stratum, which walks for rock stratum
To.
As shown in Fig. 2, cooperating to determine formation strike by protractor 1 and square type plate 2 in this step；It first will amount
The center of circle of angle device is placed at tested point, keeps 90 ° of graduation marks of protractor parallel with the direct north of rock stratum；Then square type plate is set
In on protractor, making a long side of square type plate cross the center of circle of protractor；With the center of circle be basic spin moment template to the long side with
Rock stratum moves towards that direction is parallel, and read that the angle between 90 ° of graduation marks of square type plate and protractor simultaneously combines rock stratum moves towards direction
The azimuth for formation strike that you can get it.
Step 4: determining the tendency direction of rock stratum, rock stratum tendency is permanent vertical with formation strike, determines that rock stratum tendency is corresponding
Azimuth；When measurement, first the accurate tendency direction for determining rock stratum, tendency direction can be read when on the contrary, measuring with measurement direction
The angle of small straight panel and straight angle ruler is 45 °, then tendency is 180 ° -45 °=135 °, and so on, other rock stratum are inclined to also all
Conversion can be measured to obtain a result.
Preferred embodiment two determines that positive direction is adopted as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment and the difference of preferred embodiment one are
With following steps: firstly, it is necessary to prepare the engineering plan accurately surveyed underground survey area；Secondly the position of points for investigation is determined
It sets, and finds out the points for investigation measurement point that nearby field engineering marks, such as C1, C2, C3, C4；Then adjacent two are measured in drawing
The azimuth of measurement point, is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below, and the azimuth of straight line C2C1 is 93 °；Finally at the scene in Practical Project, by instrument
Device (total station) can measure the azimuth of straight line C2C1, may thereby determine that the direct north of the engineering site.
Preferred embodiment three, the present embodiment are that tool determines that formation strike and rock stratum are inclined to using direction finder 3.
As shown in figure 4, direction finder 3 includes that dial 31, disk cover 32, pointer 33 and north orientation sight needle 34；Dial is
360 ° of dials, center location at be equipped with screw rod 35, external thread of screw is connected with matched nut 36, and one end of pointer is solid
It is connected to outside nut.In order to which pointer can be rotated freely around axle center, rotation is to being able to maintain stabilization when needing at measurement position；In addition it is
Universal level 37 is equipped with also on dial convenient for leveling.
When determining that formation strike and rock stratum are inclined to direction finder, the step of step 1 and step 2 and preferred embodiment one
One, step 2 is identical, and difference is step 3 and step 4.
Step 3 in the present embodiment are as follows: the north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north, and adjusts universal level
Middle bubble is to placed in the middle, then rotary indicator moves towards direction to be parallel to rock stratum, can read the azimuth of formation strike.
Step 4 are as follows: the north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north, and adjusts bubble in universal level and extremely occupies
In, then move towards direction of the rotary indicator extremely perpendicular to rock stratum, and according to the tendency direction of rock stratum, the side of rock stratum tendency can be read
Parallactic angle.
The present invention can effectively avoid influence of the magnetic field for measurement, can accurately measure formation strike and rock stratum
Tendency.
Claims (10)
1. formation strike, the method for tendency in a kind of magnetic rock mass of measurement, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
Step 1: drawing field engineering measured drawing, rock stratum is identified on engineering measurement figure moves towards direction；
Step 2: identifying the direct north of rock stratum to be measured on engineering measurement figure；
Step 3: on the basis of direct north, determining that the azimuth for moving towards direction of rock stratum, the azimuth are formation strike；
Step 4: determining the tendency direction of rock stratum, rock stratum tendency is permanent vertical with formation strike, determines that corresponding orientation is inclined in rock stratum
Angle.
2. as described in claim 1 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: in the step
The specific steps of direct north are determined in rapid two are as follows:
(1), prepare the engineering plan accurately surveyed underground survey area, printing drawing map sheet is not less than A1；
(2), it chooses and wears any in arteries and veins as points for investigation, determine the engineered locations and basic orientation of points for investigation, and identify on drawing；
(3), drawing is tiled, rotates drawing, makes field engineering is parallel to engineering corresponding on drawing to be overlapped；
(4), the direction of the due north instruction of the determination on drawing is the direct north of field engineering, is positive the north with Y-axis forward direction
To, and identify；Determine the direct north of points for investigation, tile drawing, rotates drawing, makes points for investigation is corresponding to wear arteries and veins and field engineering
It is parallel compound, that is, it can determine the direct north of points for investigation.
3. as described in claim 1 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: in the step
The specific steps of direct north are determined in rapid two are as follows:
(1), prepare the engineering plan accurately surveyed underground survey area；
(2), multiple points for investigation are chosen, and find out the points for investigation measurement point that nearby field engineering marks；
(3), adjacent two measurement point is connected, determines the azimuth of the line；
(4), by the azimuth in the total station survey line at the scene Practical Project, so that it is determined that the positive north of engineering site
To.
4. as described in claim 1 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: in the step
Formation strike is determined using protractor and square type plate as tool in rapid three；
The center of circle of protractor is placed at tested point, keeps 90 ° of graduation marks of protractor parallel with the direct north of rock stratum；
Square type plate is placed on protractor, a long side of square type plate is made to cross the center of circle of protractor, is basic spin moment with the center of circle
Template to the long side and rock stratum to move towards direction parallel；
It reads the angle between 90 ° of graduation marks of square type plate and protractor and combine rock stratum moves towards direction you can get it formation strike
Azimuth.
5. as claimed in claim 4 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: in the step
In rapid four, spin moment template to the long side and rock stratum move towards that direction is vertical, and determine that rock stratum is inclined according to the tendency direction of rock stratum
To azimuth.
6. as described in claim 1 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: in the step
Formation strike is determined by tool of direction finder in rapid three, determines that rock stratum is inclined to using direction finder as tool in the step 4.
7. as claimed in claim 6 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: the direction finding
Instrument includes 360 ° of dials and disk cover, and being equipped at the center location of 360 ° of dials can be around the pointer that the center of circle rotates, dial
The corresponding 0 ° of graduation mark position of outer rim at be equipped with north orientation and sight needle.
8. as claimed in claim 7 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: the scale
Screw rod is equipped at the center location of disk, external thread of screw is connected with matched nut, and one end of the pointer is fixed in outside nut；
Universal level is additionally provided on the dial.
9. as claimed in claim 8 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: the step
The north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north in three, and adjusts in universal level bubble to placed in the middle, then rotary indicator
Direction is moved towards to be parallel to rock stratum, the azimuth of formation strike can be read.
10. as claimed in claim 9 measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass, it is characterised in that: the step
The north orientation of direction finder is sighted into needle alignment direct north in four, and adjusts in universal level bubble to placed in the middle, then rotary indicator
Extremely perpendicular to the direction of moving towards of rock stratum, and according to the tendency direction of rock stratum, the azimuth of rock stratum tendency can be read.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512652.8A CN109579775A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512652.8A CN109579775A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109579775A true CN109579775A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
Family
ID=65928224
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811512652.8A Pending CN109579775A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Measure formation strike, the method for tendency in magnetic rock mass |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111442728A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司 | Tunnel rock stratum multipoint displacement synchronous monitoring method based on remote sensing technology |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |
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