CN109579038B - Natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reutilization system - Google Patents
Natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reutilization system Download PDFInfo
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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Abstract
本发明提供一种天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统，包括翅片管换热器、回转式烟气除湿装置和烟气源热泵。烟气经翅片管换热器换热降温，降温后的湿烟气经回转式烟气除湿装置被吸附水分，降低水蒸气含量，烟气再进入热泵的第二级蒸发器与制冷剂换热进一步降温后排入大气，被加热加湿的除湿剂用来预热室外进风而冷却得以再生循环；被加热加湿的室外进风进入热泵第一级蒸发器与制冷剂换热，冷凝器放出的热量用来加热冷水，被加热的水再进入翅片管换热器中和烟气进行热交换进一步升温，用来加热生活用水供热用户使用。该系统可以显著提高天然气烟气的余热回收率，冷水得到梯级加热，并且除湿剂将湿烟气干燥转变为干烟气，降低了投资和运行成本，减少低温腐蚀的可能性，经济效益显著。
The invention provides a natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reuse system, which comprises a finned tube heat exchanger, a rotary flue gas dehumidification device and a flue gas source heat pump. The flue gas is cooled by heat exchange through the finned tube heat exchanger, and the wet flue gas after cooling is adsorbed by the rotary flue gas dehumidifier to reduce the water vapor content, and the flue gas enters the second-stage evaporator of the heat pump to exchange with the refrigerant. The heat is further cooled and then discharged into the atmosphere, and the heated and humidified dehumidifier is used to preheat the outdoor intake air and cool it for regeneration; the heated and humidified outdoor intake air enters the first-stage evaporator of the heat pump to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and the condenser discharges The heat is used to heat the cold water, and the heated water enters the finned tube heat exchanger to exchange heat with the flue gas to further heat up, and is used to heat the domestic water for heating users. The system can significantly improve the waste heat recovery rate of the natural gas flue gas, the cold water is heated in steps, and the dehumidifier can dry the wet flue gas into dry flue gas, which reduces the investment and operating costs, reduces the possibility of low-temperature corrosion, and has significant economic benefits.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及烟气余热回收系统技术领域，特别是涉及一种天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统，属于能源与动力工程系统领域。The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery systems, in particular to a natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reuse system, which belongs to the field of energy and power engineering systems.
背景技术Background technique
天然气作为一种优质、高效的清洁燃料，将其在民用和工业领域的大力推广应用，对环境保护有着重大的现实意义。天然气锅炉因为其较高的热效率在供热领域中已经逐渐占据主导地位。天然气属于化石能源，热值高，易于清洁燃烧，但不可再生，2017年度天然气累计消费量2373亿立方米，相比2016年增长15.3％，因此提高天然气的能源利用率，降低运行成本显得十分重要。Natural gas, as a high-quality and efficient clean fuel, has great practical significance for environmental protection by its vigorous promotion and application in civil and industrial fields. Natural gas boilers have gradually dominated the heating field because of their high thermal efficiency. Natural gas belongs to fossil energy with high calorific value and is easy to burn cleanly, but it is not renewable. The cumulative consumption of natural gas in 2017 was 237.3 billion cubic meters, an increase of 15.3% compared with 2016. Therefore, it is very important to improve the energy utilization rate of natural gas and reduce operating costs. .
天然气燃烧的烟气中含有大量的水蒸气、容积份额比高达20％以上，同时由于燃烧过程中的中心温度高，烟气中NOX含量较高，所以一般情况下，天燃气锅炉的排烟温度远高于水蒸气的露点温度，以避免NOx溶于水形成的酸性溶液对换热器造成的低温腐蚀，排出温度这么高的烟气造成了大量的显热和潜热的损失；并且由于湿烟气中水蒸气的存在，烟气排入大气时会出现“冒白烟”现象，导致雾霾的发生，对环境保护不利。The flue gas of natural gas combustion contains a large amount of water vapor, and the volume ratio is as high as 20%. At the same time, due to the high core temperature during the combustion process, the NO X content in the flue gas is high, so in general, the exhaust gas of natural gas boilers The temperature is much higher than the dew point temperature of water vapor to avoid the low-temperature corrosion of the heat exchanger caused by the acid solution formed by NOx dissolved in water, and the flue gas with such a high discharge temperature causes a large amount of sensible heat and latent heat loss; and due to The existence of water vapor in wet flue gas will cause the phenomenon of "white smoke" when the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in the occurrence of haze, which is not good for environmental protection.
近年来，已出现多种形式的烟气余热回收系统，将吸收式或压缩式烟气源热泵应用于烟气潜热回收，例如，专利号为CN 104132481 A的中国发明专利公开了一种烟气源烟气源热泵热水系统和低温烟气余热回收利用方法，烟气进入烟气源热泵热水系统的热管式蒸发器，通过热管把热量传给制冷剂，制冷剂由压缩机送到管壳式冷凝器中加热自来水。烟气源热泵热水系统能直接高效回收低温烟气余热，提高了余热回收率，排烟温度也大幅降低，然而由于烟气中的水蒸气降温冷凝时对热管式蒸发器的低温腐蚀严重，设备投资和运行费用较高。In recent years, various forms of flue gas waste heat recovery systems have appeared, applying absorption or compression flue gas source heat pumps to latent heat recovery of flue gas. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the patent number of CN 104132481 A discloses a flue gas Source flue gas source heat pump hot water system and low temperature flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization method, flue gas enters the heat pipe evaporator of flue gas source heat pump hot water system, heat is transferred to refrigerant through the heat pipe, and the refrigerant is sent to the pipe by the compressor Tap water is heated in a shell condenser. The flue gas source heat pump hot water system can directly and efficiently recover the waste heat of the low-temperature flue gas, which improves the waste heat recovery rate and greatly reduces the exhaust gas temperature. Equipment investment and operating costs are high.
因此考虑在天然气烟气中的水蒸气冷凝结露之前就将水蒸气利用物理吸附的方法除去，使得湿烟气转变为干烟气，利用干烟气作为烟气源热泵热源，在蒸发器中与制冷剂换热，这样可以保证烟气源热泵不发生低温腐蚀，安全运行大大提高，同时采用普通材料来降低成本。Therefore, it is considered to remove the water vapor by physical adsorption before the water vapor in the natural gas flue gas condenses and dew, so that the wet flue gas is converted into dry flue gas, and the dry flue gas is used as the heat source of the flue gas source heat pump. Heat exchange with the refrigerant can ensure that the flue gas source heat pump does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion, and the safe operation is greatly improved. At the same time, ordinary materials are used to reduce costs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：为了克服现有技术中的不足，本发明提供一种天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat recycling system.
本发明解决其技术问题所要采用的技术方案是：一种天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统，包括与锅炉烟气出口相连通的翅片管换热器，还包括回转式烟气除湿装置和烟气源热泵，所述回转式烟气除湿装置包括拖动电机、除湿再生器和风机，所述除湿再生器内设有除湿区和再生区，所述除湿区和再生区内均填充有除湿剂，所述翅片管换热器的烟气出口连接至除湿区的烟气进口，除湿区的烟气出口连接至烟气源热泵；所述再生区的空气进口连接至风机，所述再生区的空气出口连接至烟气源热泵；所述拖动电机带动除湿再生器轴向回转，实现除湿区和再生区内除湿剂的轮换。The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: a natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reuse system, comprising a finned tube heat exchanger communicated with a boiler flue gas outlet, and a rotary flue gas dehumidification device and a flue gas Air source heat pump, the rotary flue gas dehumidification device includes a drag motor, a dehumidification regenerator and a fan, the dehumidification regenerator is provided with a dehumidification zone and a regeneration zone, and the dehumidification zone and the regeneration zone are filled with dehumidifiers , the flue gas outlet of the finned tube heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas inlet of the dehumidification zone, the flue gas outlet of the dehumidification zone is connected to the flue gas source heat pump; the air inlet of the regeneration zone is connected to the fan, the regeneration zone The air outlet of the radiator is connected to the flue gas source heat pump; the driving motor drives the dehumidification regenerator to rotate axially to realize the rotation of the dehumidifier in the dehumidification zone and the regeneration zone.
进一步，所述烟气源热泵包括第一级蒸发器、第二级蒸发器、压缩机、冷凝器和节流阀，所述第一级蒸发器的入口与再生区空气出口通过风管相连接，所述第一级蒸发器的出口连接至第二级蒸发器，所述除湿区的烟气出口通过烟道连接至第二级蒸发器，所述第二级蒸发器连接至压缩机，所述压缩机和冷凝器依次连接，且冷凝器出口通过管路返回至第一级蒸发器，所述冷凝器和第一级蒸发器之间的管路上还设有节流阀。Further, the flue gas source heat pump includes a first-stage evaporator, a second-stage evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve, and the inlet of the first-stage evaporator is connected with the air outlet of the regeneration zone through an air duct , the outlet of the first-stage evaporator is connected to the second-stage evaporator, the flue gas outlet of the dehumidification zone is connected to the second-stage evaporator through the flue, and the second-stage evaporator is connected to the compressor, so The compressor and the condenser are connected in sequence, and the outlet of the condenser is returned to the first-stage evaporator through a pipeline, and a throttle valve is also provided on the pipeline between the condenser and the first-stage evaporator.
所述的第一级蒸发器，第二级蒸发器和冷凝器等为烟气源热泵的部件，制冷剂在烟气源热泵部件之间进行循环。所述烟气源热泵第二级蒸发器入口通过烟道和除湿区的烟气出口相连接，所述烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器入口和再生区出口通过风管相连接。被干燥后的烟气进入第二级蒸发器中和制冷剂进行换热降温，温度降至环境温度后再排入大气；热空气进入第一级蒸发器中和制冷剂进行换热降温至环境温度排放，烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器和烟气源热泵第二级蒸发器可串联可并联，冷水由冷凝器进水口进入，冷凝器的排热加热冷水，冷凝器出水口和翅片管换热器进水口通过水管和水泵相连，冷凝器流出的水进入翅片管换热器中进行二次升温。The first-stage evaporator, the second-stage evaporator and the condenser are the components of the flue gas source heat pump, and the refrigerant circulates between the flue gas source heat pump components. The inlet of the second-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump is connected with the flue gas outlet of the dehumidification zone through the flue, and the inlet of the first-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump is connected with the outlet of the regeneration zone through an air pipe. The dried flue gas enters the second-stage evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant to cool down, and the temperature drops to the ambient temperature before being discharged into the atmosphere; the hot air enters the first-stage evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant to cool down to the environment. Temperature discharge, the first-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump and the second-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump can be connected in series or in parallel. The water inlet of the tube heat exchanger is connected to the water pump through a water tube, and the water flowing out of the condenser enters the finned tube heat exchanger for secondary heating.
进一步，所述翅片管换热器的烟气进口和烟气出口分别位于左右两端，所述翅片管换热器的烟气进口连接烟气输入设备；翅片管换热器的进水口位于下端，出水口位于上两端，翅片管换热器的进水口与冷凝器的出水口通过水管连接，且水管上设有水泵；翅片管换热器的出水口的热水进入热用户管网。水走管程，烟气横掠翅片管束对水进行加热，水和烟气整体呈逆流形式换热。Further, the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the finned tube heat exchanger are located at the left and right ends respectively, and the flue gas inlet of the finned tube heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas input device; The water outlet is located at the lower end, the water outlet is located at the upper end, the water inlet of the finned tube heat exchanger is connected with the water outlet of the condenser through a water pipe, and a water pump is provided on the water pipe; the hot water from the water outlet of the finned tube heat exchanger enters Hot user network. The water travels through the tube, and the flue gas traverses the finned tube bundle to heat the water, and the water and the flue gas exchange heat in a countercurrent form as a whole.
进一步，所述翅片管换热器的管束上加装了肋片增强换热效果。优选肋片均匀设置。Further, fins are added on the tube bundle of the finned tube heat exchanger to enhance the heat exchange effect. Preferably, the fins are evenly arranged.
进一步，所述除湿区内设有湿度计。优选的，湿度计设置在除湿区的烟气出口末端，除湿区末端的除湿剂最后达到饱和，因此，当检测到末端饱和时，可以使除湿剂利用率达到最大化。Further, a hygrometer is provided in the dehumidification zone. Preferably, the hygrometer is arranged at the end of the flue gas outlet of the dehumidification zone, and the dehumidifier at the end of the dehumidification zone finally reaches saturation. Therefore, when the end saturation is detected, the utilization rate of the dehumidifier can be maximized.
优选的，所述除湿剂为密实多孔结构。Preferably, the dehumidifier has a dense porous structure.
优选的，所述烟气源热泵为压缩式烟气源热泵或吸收式烟气源热泵。Preferably, the flue gas source heat pump is a compression type flue gas source heat pump or an absorption type flue gas source heat pump.
由翅片管换热器降温后流出的湿烟气在回转式烟气除湿装置中的固体除湿剂中被干燥成干烟气，干烟气再进入烟气源热泵第二级蒸发器中与制冷剂换热降温后排入大气；固体除湿剂转到再生区和室外进风进行热湿交换，所述室外进风被所述固体除湿剂加热加湿成热湿空气进入烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器中与制冷剂换热，固体除湿剂得以脱附再生，冷凝器释放的热量和翅片管换热器中烟气放出的热量用来对冷水梯级加热。The wet flue gas flowing out after being cooled by the finned tube heat exchanger is dried into dry flue gas in the solid dehumidifier in the rotary flue gas dehumidification device, and the dry flue gas enters the second-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump to be mixed with the flue gas. The refrigerant is discharged into the atmosphere after heat exchange and cooling; the solid dehumidifier is transferred to the regeneration area and the outdoor inlet air is exchanged for heat and humidity. Heat is exchanged with the refrigerant in the stage evaporator, the solid desiccant is desorbed and regenerated, and the heat released by the condenser and the heat released by the flue gas in the fin tube heat exchanger are used to heat the cold water cascade.
除湿区进口和翅片管换热器出口烟道相连接，再生区进口通过风管和风机相连；在除湿过程中，烟气从翅片管换热器左侧出口流出进入回转式烟气除湿装置的除湿区，除湿区中的固体除湿剂与烟气直接接触可以对湿烟气进行降温除湿，同时固体除湿剂表面水蒸气分压力远小于湿烟气水蒸气分压力，湿烟气中的水蒸气在分压差的作用下会转移到固体除湿剂中。所述回转式烟气除湿装置在所述拖动电机带动下缓慢转动，当固体除湿剂在除湿区吸附水蒸气达到饱和状态后，进入再生区脱附再生，再生过程如下：室外进风在风机的作用下通过风管流过高温高湿的固体除湿剂与其进行热湿交换，固体除湿剂温度降低，吸附的水蒸气在浓度差作用下被室外进风带走，除湿剂完成再生过程，室外进风也被预热加湿然后被送入烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器，固体除湿剂再转回除湿区干燥烟气，周而复始地进行这一过程；所述的固体除湿剂采用多孔结构，除湿区有烟气流道，再生区有空气流道，让湿烟气和固体除湿剂，室外进风和固体除湿剂充分接触减小流动阻力，提高除湿和再生效果；除湿区后设置了湿度计，用以检测除湿后的烟气中水蒸气含量，看除湿装置是否达到预期效果。The inlet of the dehumidification zone is connected to the outlet flue of the finned tube heat exchanger, and the inlet of the regeneration zone is connected to the fan through the air duct; during the dehumidification process, the flue gas flows out from the left outlet of the finned tube heat exchanger and enters the rotary flue gas dehumidification In the dehumidification zone of the device, the solid dehumidifier in the dehumidification zone is in direct contact with the flue gas, which can cool down and dehumidify the wet flue gas. The water vapor will be transferred to the solid desiccant under the action of the partial pressure difference. The rotary flue gas dehumidification device rotates slowly under the drive of the driving motor. When the solid dehumidifier absorbs water vapor in the dehumidification zone and reaches a saturated state, it enters the regeneration zone for desorption and regeneration. The regeneration process is as follows: Under the action of the solid dehumidifier that flows through the air duct through the high temperature and high humidity, it exchanges heat and humidity with it. The inlet air is also preheated and humidified and then sent to the first-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump, and the solid dehumidifier is transferred back to the dehumidification zone to dry the flue gas, and this process is repeated; the solid dehumidifier adopts a porous structure, There is a flue gas flow channel in the dehumidification area, and an air flow channel in the regeneration area, so that the wet flue gas and the solid dehumidifier, the outdoor air intake and the solid dehumidifier are fully contacted to reduce the flow resistance and improve the dehumidification and regeneration effect; the humidity is set after the dehumidification zone. The meter is used to detect the water vapor content in the flue gas after dehumidification to see whether the dehumidification device achieves the expected effect.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.设置了单独的回转式烟气除湿装置，对烟气起到了降温除湿和吸附除湿的双重效果。回转式烟气除湿装置中的固体除湿剂和湿烟气直接接触，可以对烟气起到降温除湿的作用，同时固体除湿剂可以对湿烟气中的水蒸气进行吸附，将湿烟气变为干烟气，干烟气进入烟气源热泵第二级蒸发器作为烟气源热泵热源，大大减轻了蒸发器材料受到低温腐蚀的压力，降低了运行成本。1. A separate rotary flue gas dehumidification device is set up, which has the dual effects of cooling and dehumidification and adsorption dehumidification on the flue gas. The solid dehumidifier in the rotary flue gas dehumidifier is in direct contact with the wet flue gas, which can cool the flue gas and dehumidify the flue gas. In order to dry the flue gas, the dry flue gas enters the second-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump as the heat source of the flue gas source heat pump, which greatly reduces the pressure of low temperature corrosion on the evaporator material and reduces the operating cost.
2.回转式烟气除湿装置中的固体除湿剂对湿烟气进行除湿，然后到再生区对室外空气进行加热加湿，被加热加湿后的热空气进入烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器，为烟气源热泵提供第二个热源。固体除湿剂也得以降温再生，进而可以循环使用，运行维护方便。2. The solid dehumidifier in the rotary flue gas dehumidification device dehumidifies the wet flue gas, and then goes to the regeneration area to heat and humidify the outdoor air, and the heated and humidified hot air enters the first-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump, which is A flue gas source heat pump provides a second heat source. The solid dehumidifier can also be cooled and regenerated, and then can be recycled, which is convenient for operation and maintenance.
3.实现烟气余热的全热利用，翅片管换热器回收大部分的显热用来加热生活用水，供人们生活使用。固体除湿剂干燥烟气后，旋转至再生区和室外空气进行热湿交换，将显热和凝结潜热传给室外空气，室外空气再进入烟气源热泵第一级蒸发器与制冷剂换热降温，实现水蒸气潜热的回收，最后被除湿的烟气作为烟气源热泵的热源。翅片管换热器进水口和冷凝器出水口连接，冷凝器和翅片管换热器放出的热量用来梯级加热生活用水，实现了水的二次升温。烟气温度在第一级蒸发器中被降至环境温度再排入大气，最终实现烟气余热的回收利用。系统还有效地消除排烟冒“白烟”的现象，起到烟气“脱白”的作用，减少了雾霾的诱因。3. Realize full heat utilization of flue gas waste heat, and the finned tube heat exchanger recovers most of the sensible heat to heat domestic water for people's daily use. After the solid dehumidifier dries the flue gas, it is rotated to the regeneration area and the outdoor air is exchanged for heat and humidity, and the sensible heat and latent heat of condensation are transferred to the outdoor air. The outdoor air then enters the first-stage evaporator of the flue gas source heat pump to exchange heat with the refrigerant for cooling. , to realize the recovery of the latent heat of water vapor, and finally the dehumidified flue gas is used as the heat source of the flue gas source heat pump. The water inlet of the finned tube heat exchanger is connected with the water outlet of the condenser, and the heat released by the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger is used for cascade heating of domestic water, which realizes the secondary temperature rise of the water. The temperature of the flue gas is lowered to the ambient temperature in the first-stage evaporator and then discharged into the atmosphere, finally realizing the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas. The system also effectively eliminates the phenomenon of "white smoke" from exhaust smoke, plays the role of "whitening" the flue gas, and reduces the incentives of smog.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明最佳实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例的回转式烟气除湿装置的结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary flue gas dehumidification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施例的回转式烟气除湿装置的结构示意图。3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary flue gas dehumidification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1、翅片管换热器，11、肋片，2、回转式烟气除湿装置，21、拖动电机，22、风机，23、除湿再生器，24、除湿剂，25、除湿区，26、再生区，27、壳体，3、烟气源热泵，31、第一级蒸发器，32、第二级蒸发器，33、压缩机，34、冷凝器，35、节流阀，4、水管，5、水泵，6、烟道，7、风管。In the picture: 1, finned tube heat exchanger, 11, fins, 2, rotary flue gas dehumidification device, 21, drag motor, 22, fan, 23, dehumidification regenerator, 24, dehumidifier, 25, dehumidifier zone, 26, regeneration zone, 27, shell, 3, flue gas source heat pump, 31, first-stage evaporator, 32, second-stage evaporator, 33, compressor, 34, condenser, 35, throttle valve , 4, water pipe, 5, water pump, 6, flue, 7, air duct.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在结合附图对本发明作详细的说明。此图为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, and only illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so it only shows the structure related to the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明的一种天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统，包括翅片管换热器1、回转式烟气除湿装置2和烟气源热泵3。其中，回转式烟气除湿装置2包括拖动电机21、风机22、圆柱形除湿再生器23和除湿剂24。烟气源热泵3包括第一级蒸发器31、第二级蒸发器32、压缩机33、冷凝器34和节流阀35。其中，翅片管换热器1管束上加装了均匀的肋片11；翅片管换热器1烟气进出口分别位于左右两端，水的进出口分别位于下端和上端，翅片管换热器1进水口和冷凝器34出水口通过水管4和水泵5相连接。As shown in FIG. 1 , a natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reuse system of the present invention includes a finned tube heat exchanger 1 , a rotary flue
如图2和图3所示，回转式烟气除湿装置2的除湿再生器23为圆柱形结构，除湿再生器23被平均分成除湿区25和再生区26两部分，除湿区25和再生区26被圆柱形壳体27包围，除湿区25和再生区26中均填有密实多孔结构的固体除湿剂24，除湿区25有烟气流道，再生区26有空气流道，便于湿烟气与固体除湿剂以及室外进风与固体除湿剂充分接触，提高除湿和再生效果。翅片管换热器1的烟气出口烟道6连接回转式烟气除湿装置2的除湿区25进口。回转式烟气除湿装置2在拖动电机21的作用下缓慢转动。回转式烟气除湿装置2的再生区26进口通过风管7连接风机22。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the
烟气源热泵3可以为压缩式烟气源热泵，吸收式烟气源热泵或者其他类型的烟气源热泵，本实施例选取的是压缩式烟气源热泵。烟气源热泵3的第二级蒸发器32入口通过烟道6和除湿区25的烟气出口相连接，烟气源热泵3的第二级蒸发器32出口为烟气出口，烟气源热泵3的第一级蒸发器31入口和再生区26空气出口通过风管7相连接，烟气源热泵3的第一级蒸发器31和烟气源热泵3的第二级蒸发器32可串联可并联，本实施例选取的是串联方式。The flue gas
本实施例提供的天然气烟气除湿余热再利用系统在工作时，工作流程如下：When the natural gas flue gas dehumidification waste heat reuse system provided by this embodiment is in operation, the workflow is as follows:
1)从锅炉或工业炉尾部排出的烟气温度大概120℃左右，烟气首先进入翅片管换热器1中和水进行热量交换，烟气由翅片管换热器1左侧烟气进口进入，与从翅片管换热器1右下端流入的水进行换热，水和烟气呈逆流换热，水—烟气换热完成后烟气由翅片管换热器1右侧出口流出，烟气大部分显热被水吸收，被加热的水从翅片管换热器1左上部出口流出供热用户使用，充分换热后，烟气温度降至60℃左右。1) The temperature of the flue gas discharged from the tail of the boiler or industrial furnace is about 120°C. The flue gas first enters the finned tube heat exchanger 1 and exchanges heat with the water. The inlet enters and exchanges heat with the water flowing in from the lower right end of the finned tube heat exchanger 1. The water and the flue gas exchange heat in countercurrent. The outlet flows out, most of the sensible heat of the flue gas is absorbed by the water, and the heated water flows out from the upper left outlet of the finned tube heat exchanger 1 for heating users. After sufficient heat exchange, the flue gas temperature drops to about 60°C.
2)由翅片管换热器1右侧出口流出的湿烟气由烟道6流入回转式烟气除湿装置2的除湿区25和固体除湿剂24直接接触，首先对烟气起到了降温除湿的作用，并且由于固体除湿剂24中的水蒸气分压力远小于湿烟气中的水蒸气分压力，烟气中的水蒸气在浓度差的推动下会转移到固体除湿剂24表面，完成热质交换，实现了对湿烟气的干燥降温，湿烟气含湿量大大降低从而完成除湿过程。除湿区25后设有湿度计(未画出)用以检测除湿后的烟气中水蒸气含量，看回转式烟气除湿装置2是否达到预期效果。之后从除湿区25出口流出的干烟气通过烟道6流入烟气源热泵3第二级蒸发器32中，继续和制冷剂换热降温，温度降低至接近环境温度左右时由烟气出口排入大气。2) The wet flue gas flowing out from the outlet on the right side of the finned tube heat exchanger 1 flows into the
3)与此同时，在除湿过程中，当固体除湿剂24在除湿区25吸附水蒸气达到饱和状态后，回转式烟气除湿装置2在拖动电机21的带动下进入再生区26脱附再生，室外进风在风机22作用下由风管7流过高温高湿的固体除湿剂24与其进行热湿交换，固体除湿剂24温度降低，其吸附的水蒸气在浓度差作用下被室外进风带走，固体除湿剂24完成再生过程，再转回除湿区25干燥烟气并周而复始地进行这一过程。3) At the same time, during the dehumidification process, when the
4)固体除湿剂24完成再生的同时，室外进风也被加热加湿成热湿空气，通过风管7由再生区26出口流入烟气源热泵3第一级蒸发器31中和制冷剂换热降温至环境温度。热湿空气和干烟气作为烟气源热泵3的双热源，实施例中的两个蒸发器为串联布置，这样可以实现空气和烟气热量的梯级利用。冷水由冷凝器34进水口进入，冷凝器34产生的热量加热冷水，被加热的水从冷凝器34出水口流出通过水管4在水泵5作用下进入翅片管换热器1与烟气进行热交换完成水的第二次升温。步骤1)到4)完成了烟气余热的全热回收过程。4) When the
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关的工作人员完全可以在不偏离本发明的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present invention as inspiration, and through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
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| CN206184226U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-05-24 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Flue gas water trap and carbon dioxide capture system |
| CN107238097B (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-04 | 清华大学 | A kind of boiler smoke-gas residual-heat recovering device |
| CN107560232A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump drying system and control method thereof |
| CN108131867A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-08 | 苏桐梅 | A kind of natural gas smoke waste heat all recovering device |
| CN207815357U (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-09-04 | 上海力顺燃机科技有限公司 | A kind of system based on gas turbine flue gas Heat Treatment organic exhaust gas |
| CN108413637B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-02-26 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | An industrial flue gas waste heat recovery and dehumidification system |
| CN208012160U (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-10-26 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | System for condensing, dehumidifying and reheating flue gas by using compression heat pump |
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2018
- 2018-11-27 CN CN201811421177.3A patent/CN109579038B/en active Active
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