CN109577965B - Sectional calibration method of borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument - Google Patents
Sectional calibration method of borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577965B CN109577965B CN201811384773.9A CN201811384773A CN109577965B CN 109577965 B CN109577965 B CN 109577965B CN 201811384773 A CN201811384773 A CN 201811384773A CN 109577965 B CN109577965 B CN 109577965B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses a sectional calibration method of a borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, which comprises the following steps: placing the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into standard strata with known different resistivities; emitting current to a standard stratum through an array electrode of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, and measuring response readings of each electrode of the instrument under different resistivity environments; and determining the functional relation between the response reading and the true resistivity of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument in different resistivity intervals according to the standard formation resistivity value and the electrode response reading, and realizing the scale from the apparent resistivity to the true resistivity measured by the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument. The invention solves the problem that the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument can not directly obtain the true resistivity of the stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum logging engineering, and particularly relates to a sectional calibration method of a borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument.
Background
When logging, the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument pushes a plurality of polar plates against the well wall, the ground equipment control instrument emits current into the stratum through the array electrodes on the polar plates, and the current changes due to different rock compositions, structures and fluid properties contacted by the electrodes, so that the change of the resistivity of rocks at each position of the well wall is reflected.
At present, the resistivity measured by a borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is not scaled, so that the data obtained by logging can only reflect the relative change trend of the resistivity, namely the apparent resistivity. In order to obtain the true resistivity, the apparent resistivity measured by the micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument needs to be calibrated by using the shallow lateral resistivity obtained by conventional logging. The method needs to rely on conventional logging data and logging interpretation software, and has complex processing flow and easy error generation.
The invention patent CN201110455303.9 discloses a calibration method and a calibration device for a resistivity logging instrument, the method measures the amplitude ratio and the phase difference of signals when the resistivity logging instrument is exposed to air and the amplitude ratio and the phase difference of signals when the resistivity logging instrument is placed in simulated formations with different resistivities, and determines the amplitude ratio functional relation and the phase difference functional relation of the resistivity logging instrument according to the measured amplitude ratio and the measured phase difference. In the method, the determined functional relation is a unary multi-time function of the amplitude ratio, the phase difference and the resistivity according to the least square fitting principle. The method needs to put the instrument in two media of air and simulated stratum respectively for measurement, and the measurement process is complicated. Particularly, for a borehole wall micro-resistivity imaging logging instrument, the relation between the apparent resistivity and the true resistivity cannot be expressed by a unitary multiple function, so that the method is not suitable for the borehole wall micro-resistivity imaging logging instrument.
The invention patent CN201710866241.8 discloses an electric imaging well logging image calibration method and device, the method obtains an electric imaging well logging image according to electric imaging well logging data; calculating average currents corresponding to different depth points in a well section to be analyzed according to the electric imaging log image; combining shallow lateral resistivity data in conventional logging data, and establishing a response function of the average current of the depth point and the shallow lateral resistivity; calculating to obtain the average current of the depth window according to the response function and the electric imaging logging image; calculating to obtain a scale coefficient according to the average current of the depth window and conventional logging information; and scaling the electrographic image according to the scaling factor. The method still needs to rely on conventional logging data and logging interpretation software for calibration, and the processing flow is complex.
Document [1] discloses a method for scaling micro-resistivity imaging logging resistivity by a linear four-probe method and an electrical imaging logging resistivity scaling process, wherein a full-diameter rock core is subjected to oil washing and salt washing treatment, and is saturated by configuring saline water with the same water type and the same mineralization degree as formation water; laying measuring lines and measuring points on the full-diameter rock core, measuring the full-diameter rock core by using linear four-probe equipment, and sorting data; performing cubic spline interpolation on the measuring points, wherein the interpolation interval is the same as the interval of logging data; establishing a corresponding relation between imaging logging data and four probe data, and accurately finding a corresponding data column by utilizing an azimuth curve or a cross-correlation algorithm; the electrical imaging resistivity is scaled using regression analysis. The method needs to rely on core data and additional linear four-probe equipment, and the processing flow is complex.
[1] Guo Huai Zhi, Pan Bao Zhi, Liu wen bin, Zhang Ming Yang utilizes the linear type four-probe method to scale micro-resistivity imaging logging resistivity [ J ] geophysical prospecting and chemical prospecting, 2017,41(4): 715-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a borehole wall micro-resistivity imaging logging instrument cannot directly measure the true resistivity of a stratum and needs to be calibrated by means of shallow lateral resistivity data of conventional logging and logging interpretation software.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for dividing the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logger includes such steps as putting the said logger in standard stratum with different known resistivities, emitting current I to standard stratum by array electrodes of the said logger, and measuring R and RiResponse reading N of electrodes of lower instrumenti(ii) a According to RiAnd NiDetermining the functional relation between the response reading of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value, and realizing the scale from apparent resistivity measured by the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument to the true resistivity; wherein the number of i-1 is,2, …, n is the electrode number.
The invention is further improved in that the standard stratum with different known resistivity is a standard well with different depth sections with known resistivity values, or a stratum simulation device capable of freely adjusting the resistivity values.
The invention is further improved in that the range of resistivity values that can be simulated by the standard formation comprises the measurement range of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the response reading of the borehole wall microresistivity scanning imaging tool is an apparent resistivity value.
A further development of the invention consists in that the resistivity R is a function ofiAnd response reading NiAnd determining the functional relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value, wherein the functional relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value is determined by selectively adopting a sectional scale method because the relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value does not have a fixed form.
The invention has the further improvement that the method for segmenting the scales comprises the following steps: according to the standard formation resistivity value and the instrument response reading used in two continuous measurements, a multiplication factor k and an addition factor b are obtained according to the approximately linear correlation relationship of R and N in a local range under linear or logarithmic scales, and the response degree scale of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument in the specified resistivity interval obtained through measurement can be converted into a true resistivity value according to the multiplication factor k and the addition factor b.
The invention has the further improvement that the method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
putting the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into a resistivity R1In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
Well wall microresistivity scanning imaging logging instrumentTo a resistivity of R2In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
For each electrode n, respectively establishing the resistivity at R1To R2Time dependent resistivity as a function of true resistivity:
wherein:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for any apparent resistivity reading of electrode n in this resistivity interval,
to apparent resistivity
The true resistivity after the calibration is carried out,
is the multiplication factor of the electrode n in this resistivity interval,
is the addition factor of the electrode n in the resistivity interval;
the corresponding multiplication factor and addition factor calculation formula is:
wherein:
repeating the steps until the functional relation between the apparent resistivity and the true resistivity measured by all electrodes of the resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is established;
combining the above functional relations to form a scale function group:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
after the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is calibrated, when the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is used for logging, the measured apparent resistivity numerical value is directly calibrated to be a stratum true resistivity numerical value through the scale function group.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the method for the section calibration of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument provided by the invention realizes that the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument directly measures the true resistivity of the stratum, compared with the traditional method, avoids using shallow lateral resistivity data in conventional logging information to calibrate the apparent resistivity, reduces the complexity of the system, reduces the processing flow, ensures that the borehole wall obtains the true resistivity data of the stratum accurately and reliably in the actual measurement for the resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, and can effectively improve the working efficiency of interpreters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of apparent resistivity scales measured with a borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging tool using shallow lateral data in conventional logging data.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the calibration of the borehole wall microresistivity scanning imaging logging tool in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging tool calibration method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples:
the invention provides a sectional calibration method of a borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, which comprises the following steps:
the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is placed in a standard stratum with different known resistivity, current I is emitted into the standard stratum through an array electrode of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, and R with different resistivity is measurediResponse reading N of electrodes of lower instrumenti(ii) a According to RiAnd NiDetermining the functional relation between the response reading of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value, and realizing the scale from apparent resistivity measured by the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument to the true resistivity; where i is 1,2, …, n.
The purpose of the scale of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is as follows: and converting the measured apparent resistivity value into a formation true resistivity value. Therefore, by placing the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into standard strata with different resistivity values for measurement, the functional relationship between the apparent resistivity and the true resistivity in different resistivity intervals can be obtained, and the specific calibration flow is shown in fig. 2. The specific implementation of the scale operation of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is as follows:
putting the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into a resistivity R1In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
Where n is the electrode number.
Putting the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into a resistivity R2In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
For each electrode n, respectively establishing the resistivity at R1To R2Time dependent resistivity as a function of true resistivity:
wherein:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for any apparent resistivity reading of electrode n in this resistivity interval,
to apparent resistivity
The true resistivity after the calibration is carried out,
is the multiplication factor of the electrode n in this resistivity interval,
is an additive factor of the electrode n in this resistivity interval.
The corresponding multiplication factor and addition factor calculation formula is:
wherein:
and repeating the steps until the functional relationship between the apparent resistivity and the true resistivity measured by all electrodes of the resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is established, wherein the specific scale schematic diagram is shown in figure 3.
Combining the above functional relations to form a scale function group:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
after the calibration of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is finished, when the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is used for logging, the measured apparent resistivity numerical value is directly calibrated into the formation true resistivity numerical value through the calibration function group.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and specific examples are applied herein to explain the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions of the embodiments above are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the specific implementation manners and the application ranges may be changed, and in conclusion, the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The method has the advantages that the method for the subsection calibration of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument enables the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument to directly output the true formation resistivity, reduces the system complexity, reduces the processing flow, and ensures that the borehole wall obtains accurate and reliable formation true resistivity data for the resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument in actual measurement.
Claims (6)
1. The method is characterized in that the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is placed in a standard stratum with different known resistivity, current I is emitted into the standard stratum through an array electrode of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument, and R with different resistivity is measurediResponse reading N of electrodes of lower instrumenti(ii) a According to RiAnd NiDetermining the functional relation between the response reading of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value, and realizing the scaling from the apparent resistivity measured by the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument to the true resistivity; wherein i is 1,2, …, n is the electrode number;
the method comprises the following concrete implementation steps:
putting the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into a resistivity R1In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
Putting the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument into a resistivity R2In the standard stratum, the apparent resistivity reading of each electrode of the scanning imaging logging instrument for measuring the borehole wall micro-resistivity in the standard stratum
For each electrode n, respectively establishing the resistivity at R1To R2Time-dependent resistivity as a function of true resistivity:
wherein:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for any apparent resistivity reading of electrode n in this resistivity interval,
to apparent resistivity
The true resistivity after the calibration is carried out,
is the multiplication factor of the electrode n in this resistivity interval,
is the addition factor of the electrode n in the resistivity interval;
the corresponding multiplication factor and addition factor calculation formula is:
wherein:
repeating the steps until the functional relation between the apparent resistivity and the true resistivity measured by all electrodes of the resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is established;
combining the above functional relations to form a scale function group:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
after the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is calibrated, when the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument is used for logging, the measured apparent resistivity numerical value is directly calibrated to be a stratum true resistivity numerical value through the scale function group.
2. The method for the sectional calibration of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard stratum with different known resistivity is a standard well with different depth sections with known resistivity values, or a stratum simulation device capable of freely adjusting the resistivity values.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the range of resistivity values that can be simulated by the standard formation comprises a measurement range of the borehole wall microresistivity scanning imaging logging tool.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the response reading of the borehole wall microresistivity scanning imaging tool is an apparent resistivity value.
5. The method for segmenting the scale of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that the scale is calibrated according to resistivity RiAnd the response reading NiAnd determining the functional relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value, wherein the functional relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value is determined by selectively adopting a sectional scale method because the relation between the response reading of the well wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument and the true resistivity value does not have a fixed form.
6. The method for segmenting the scale of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method for segmenting the scale comprises: according to the standard formation resistivity value and the instrument response reading used in two continuous measurements, a multiplication factor k and an addition factor b are obtained according to the approximately linear correlation relationship of R and N in a local range under linear or logarithmic scales, and the response degree scale of the borehole wall micro-resistivity scanning imaging logging instrument in the specified resistivity interval obtained through measurement can be converted into a true resistivity value according to the multiplication factor k and the addition factor b.
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| CN111239849A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-05 | 东北石油大学 | Reservoir fracture prediction method and prediction system based on stress release |
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| CN101649739B (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2013-10-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for improving measurement precision of stratum specific resistance |
| CN102033247B (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-10-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for calculating apparent formation water resistivity spectrum and parameters by applying electric imaging data of point-by-point calibration |
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