CN1095760C - 汽车变速器外部变速的变速杆支承 - Google Patents
汽车变速器外部变速的变速杆支承 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K20/00—Arrangement or mounting of change-speed gearing control devices in vehicles
- B60K20/02—Arrangement or mounting of change-speed gearing control devices in vehicles of initiating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
- F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/04—Ratio selector apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H2059/026—Details or special features of the selector casing or lever support
- F16H2059/0269—Ball joints or spherical bearings for supporting the lever
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/0208—Selector apparatus with means for suppression of vibrations or reduction of noise
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
- Y10T74/20018—Transmission control
- Y10T74/2014—Manually operated selector [e.g., remotely controlled device, lever, push button, rotary dial, etc.]
- Y10T74/20159—Control lever movable through plural planes
- Y10T74/20165—Spherical mount [e.g., ball and socket]
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Abstract
变速杆(3)支承在球窝关节上,球窝关节部分被一塑料制的支承套(8)围绕。一种经济的允许作维护工作以及可避免将振动传给变速杆(3)的支承(2)可采取下列措施获得,即,变速杆(3)通过支承套(8)支承在一个与发动机机体或变速器壳(1)刚性连接的关节球(7)上,其中支承套(8)通过减振元件(18、19)与外环(17)相连。变速杆(3)借助于一轮毂(24)可摆动地在此外环的圆周面上导引。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于汽车变速器外部变速的变速杆的支承,支承有一球窝关节,它部分被一个具有截球形内表面的塑料支承套围绕。
背景技术
按上述类型的外部变速通常应用于轻型和重型载重汽车。其中变速杆大多装在驾驶室地板上,所以基本上可以避免将振动传给变速杆,因为驾驶室一般是弹性地支承在汽车底盘上的。
由此类文件DE 4221 762 A1可知变速杆在驾驶室地板中的相应的支承。因为驾驶室当然为了实施在载重汽车的内燃机上的维护或修理工作必须绕回转轴翻转,所以事先应将外部变速的相应传动杆或与变速杆脱开或必须将它设计为伸缩套筒式的。但是变速杆到汽车变速器的这种相应的伸缩套筒式连接增加了结构复杂性并与附加的费用支出相联系。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是创造一种外部变速用的变速杆支承,它允许驾驶室掀开,与此同时避免采取附加措施,例如避免采用伸缩套筒式变速滑杆,在这种情况下保证,尽管变速杆减振地支承,但仍应在变速杆上保持直接的换档触觉。
上述目的以及尤其还可由下面对本发明的详尽说明中得知的其他目的采取下列措施达到,即,支承有一个与发动机机体或变速器壳刚性连接的球形销,变速杆可通过支承套在它的关节球上沿两个运动方向摆动地导引;支承套为构成一个径向的间隔而被外环环绕,在此间隔内装入减振元件;以及,变速杆借助于轮毂可摆动地在外环的圆周面上导引。由于变速杆因此有在发动机机体或变速器壳上的一个铰接装置,所以在驾驶室掀开时只须保证,驾驶室通过特别的措施能在驾驶室地板上相对于变速杆转动。按本发明装在支承套和外环之间的减振元件,保证因发动机或传动杆的振动引起的激振不会传给变速杆。此外,由变速杆支承和减振装置构成了一种结构简单和非常紧凑的组合。
按照本发明的另一项设计,支承套制有一个沿轴向一直延伸到超过横向中面的圆周槽,从圆周槽起,多个沿圆周分布直到截球形内表面的缝按这样的方式沿球形销的纵向延伸,即构成了一些舌,它们伸展到直至超出关节球的赤道。这些围扣在关节球上的弹性舌使支承套有可能装在关节球上,除此之外自动补偿在这两个构件之间产生的间隙。与此同时还存在这一可能性,即,可以在圆周槽内装一个将舌沿径向朝关节球方向预紧的弹性环。此弹性环起预紧元件的作用,它将设计成分段的舌无间隙地压靠在关节球的表面上。因为弹性环插入圆周槽内并因而支靠在槽的与舌相对的壁上,所以在此弹性环上不必通过纵向应变来获得径向预紧力。
如已说明的那样,当球形销装在内燃机上、变速器上或汽车车架上时,振动将传给球形销,从而会导致变速杆强烈振动。按本发明采取下列措施有利地阻尼了这些振动,即,将减振元件设计为两个装在支承套横向中面两侧的开槽的环。无论是外环还是支承套都必须按相应的方式成形以安装这些开槽的环。当然应当注意,外环相对于支承套的径向活动应限定一个最大量。实现这一点是通过在开槽的环互相面对的端面之间装一个O型圈,它允许外环相对于支承套沿径向的可运动量为±0.5mm。
变速杆的整个支承除此之外最好有一些构件,它们一方面应促使减小轴向的振幅,另一方面起互相隔振的构件即支承套与外环之间的摆动角的止挡的作用。为此目的,在外环的一个端面上在橡胶成型件作为中间连接的情况下固定一保护盖。此保护盖满足上述前提条件,并除此之外与橡胶成型件相结合防止污物进入支承装置内。
在外环面朝发动机机体或变速器壳的相对端面上,应在橡胶成型件作为中间连接的情况下固定一折角环,从其折角端出发有一早期硫化的波纹盒,波纹盒的另一端通过凸缘插入球形销的槽内。此折角环与橡胶成型件相结合还同样保证轴向减振以及限制支承套与外环的角向运动。此早期硫化的其卷绕直径朝凸缘一侧的端部方向可逐渐增大的波纹盒,同样也防止污物侵入支承装置内。鉴于波纹盒这种特殊的锥形外轮廓,在支承中可以没有困难地实现较大的摆动角,不会导致损坏波纹盒。摆动运动导致在密封凸缘与球形销内的槽的相对运动。
最后,折角环应具有一径向距离地围绕着舌。因此,折角环形成了一个径向止挡,通过此止挡支承套在轴向极限负荷下也不可能从关节球脱开。
附图说明
为了进一步理解本发明,下面说明一种最佳实施例。其中:
图1通过按本发明用于变速杆的支承的纵剖面;以及
图2变速杆透视图,此变速杆装在按本发明的支承上。
实施例说明
图1中用1表示内燃机或变速器机壳的一部分,其中固定了一个用于变速杆3的支承2。支承由一球形销4构成,球形销通过螺纹段5固定在螺纹孔6内。此外,球形销4有一关节球7,关节球在其圆周的一部分上装有一支承套8。在图1所示的视图中,支承套8至少可绕关节球7的中心摆动和摇动,在这种情况下支承套8可借助于滑动面9在关节球7上实施相应的摆动和摇动。
圆周槽11从支承套8面朝机壳1的那一个端面10出发,它一直延伸到超过关节球7和支承套8的一个共同的横向中面12。从此圆周槽11出发沿径向延伸多个在支承套8圆周均匀分布的缝13,这些缝使截球形的滑动面9断开,从而构成一些弹性的舌14。圆周槽11的径向尺寸应这样设计,即,使支承套8能套接在关节球7上。尽管这些舌14设计为弹性的并能补偿因磨损可能出现的间隙,但仍附加地在圆周槽11内安装一个弹性环15,它设计为O型圈。在所表示的本发明的实施例中,此弹性环15可以在相当大的程度上补偿舌的磨损,亦即当磨损量至0.4mm始终保证支承无间隙。弹性环15的外圆周支靠在圆周槽11的一个自身闭合的壁段上。支承套8用一种具有良好滑动性能和耐高温的塑料制造。可以采用Ultramid T作为适用的塑料。支承套8在其外圆周处为构成间隔16被一外环17围绕。在此间隔16内装减振元件,减振元件包括两个开槽的环18和一个O型圈19。为了将开槽的环18固定在支承套8上,支承套有边帮20,开槽的环18另一方面在外环17上通过槽21固定。开槽的环18防止了来自机壳1的振动传给变速杆3。外环17在其中央有一个向里指的凸台22,它塞在两个开槽环18之间并在它上面导引O型圈19。O型圈19另一方面支靠在支承套8的槽23内。此O型圈提高了径向刚度,所以外环17相对于支承套8的径向活动量限制为±0.5mm。
变速杆3的轮毂24可摆动地在外环17的外圆周上导引。此外,变速杆3的支承设有一些装置,它们一方面应防止污物侵入支承内,另一方面避免传递轴向振动。借助于保护盖25和通过波纹盒26实现了支承2相应的密封,前者位于关节球7的端部,后者则在面朝机壳1的端面处封闭住支承2。波纹盒26通过折角环27和局部围绕着此折角环27的橡胶成型件28固定在外环17上。波纹盒26早期硫化在折角环27上,而在波纹盒的另一端借助于凸缘插在球形销4的槽30内。此槽30的位置紧邻球形销4的六角形31。折角环27除了固定波纹盒26的功能外,还与橡胶成型件一起承担阻止轴向振动传入支承2的任务,与此同时相对位置处的减振通过另一个橡胶成型件32实现,它被设在保护盖25与外环17之间。此外,两个橡胶成型件28和32与保护盖25和折角环27一起共同起附加的止挡减振的作用。相对于舌14具有径向距离地弯角的折角环27起装在关节球7上的支承套8保险的作用。也就是说,折角环27限制舌14的径向运动,使支承套8不可能脱离关节球7。
由图2可见变速杆3在支承2上的总体布局。变速杆3在其从轮毂24伸出的端部有一吊耳33,传动杆34挂在此吊耳上,传动杆另一端与图中未表示的变速器连接。由此图还可见关节销4的螺纹段5,支承2可通过它固定在内燃机或变速器的机壳上。变速时通常涉及H型变速或双H型变速,其中当变速杆3在一个沿球形销4延伸的平面内运动时预选变速通道。然后在此变速通道中各变速器档位通过绕外环17摆动接通。
Claims (8)
1.用于汽车变速器外部变速的变速杆(3)的支承(2),支承有一球窝关节,它部分被一个具有截球形内表面的塑料支承套(8)围绕,其特征为:支承(2)有一个与发动机机体或变速器壳(1)刚性连接的球形销(4),在它的关节球(7)上变速杆(3)可通过支承套(8)沿两个运动方向摆动地导引;支承套(8)为构成一个径向的间隔(16)而被外环(17)环绕,在此间隔(16)内装入减振元件(18、19);以及,变速杆(3)借助于轮毂(24)可摆动地在外环(17)的圆周面上导引。
2.按照权利要求1所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:支承套(8)制有一个一直延伸到超过横向中面(12)的圆周槽(11),从圆周槽(11)起,多个沿圆周分布的直到截球形内表面的缝(13)按这样的方式沿球形销(4)的纵向延伸,即构成了一些舌(14),它们伸展到直至超出关节球(7)的赤道。
3.按照权利要求2所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:在圆周槽(11)内装有一个将舌(14)沿径向朝关节球(7)方向预紧的弹性环(15)。
4.按照权利要求1所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:减振元件设计为两个装在支承套(8)横向中面两侧的开槽的环(18)。
5.按照权利要求4所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:在开槽的环(18)互相面对的端面之间装一O型圈,它允许外环(17)相对于支承套(8)沿径向的可活动量为±0.5mm。
6.按照权利要求1所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:在外环(17)的一个端面上在橡胶成型件(32)作为中间连接的情况下固定一保护盖(25)。
7.按照权利要求1所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:在外环(17)面朝发动机机体或变速器壳(1)的第二个端面上,在橡胶成型件(28)作为中间连接的情况下固定一折角环(27),从其折角端出发有一早期硫化的波纹盒(26),波纹盒的另一端通过凸缘(29)插入球形销(4)的槽(30)内。
8.按照权利要求7所述的变速杆(3)的支承(2),其特征为:折角环(27)具有一径向距离地围绕着舌(14)。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19736106.4 | 1997-08-20 | ||
DE19736106A DE19736106B4 (de) | 1997-08-20 | 1997-08-20 | Lagerung eines Schalthebels für eine Außenschaltung eines Kraftfahrzeuggetriebes |
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CN1208702A CN1208702A (zh) | 1999-02-24 |
CN1095760C true CN1095760C (zh) | 2002-12-11 |
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DE (1) | DE19736106B4 (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1301854B1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19948219C1 (de) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-03-01 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Schalthebel-Lageranordnung |
DE19958502A1 (de) * | 1999-12-04 | 2001-06-07 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Lager für einen schwenkbaren Hebel |
DE10033592C2 (de) * | 2000-07-11 | 2002-06-06 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Schalthebel-Lageranordnung |
US6644671B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2003-11-11 | Dana Corporation | High articulation dust boot for ball joint |
GB2428752B (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2007-03-14 | Minebea Co Ltd | A bearing assembly |
ITTO20050891A1 (it) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-22 | Fiat Auto Spa | Dispositivo di disaccoppiamento tra cambio e leva comando cambio di autoveicoli |
DE102006007592A1 (de) * | 2006-02-18 | 2007-08-23 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Schaltsystem zum Schalten eines Schaltgetriebes |
KR100783531B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-21 | 2007-12-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 마운팅용 절연부시 |
AT508534A1 (de) * | 2009-07-20 | 2011-02-15 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Oesterreich | Lagerung für einen schalthebel, insbesondere eines nutzfahrzeugs |
DE102010042118A1 (de) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gleitlager, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gleitlagers sowie Verwendung eines Gleitlagers |
CN103216612B (zh) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-07-08 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 变速器操纵机构 |
FR3024849B1 (fr) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-08-19 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif de commande d'une boite de vitesse |
KR102331448B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-16 | 2021-12-01 | 멀티매틱 인코퍼레이티드 | 인젝션 몰딩 베어링을 가진 볼 조인트 |
US11215221B1 (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-01-04 | Musashi Auto Parts Canada Inc. | Ball joint assembly and method of assembly and ball joint compression ring |
CN116696940B (zh) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-24 | 中达(河北)轴承制造有限公司 | 限制倾角的带座外球面轴承 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4537524A (en) * | 1983-04-16 | 1985-08-27 | Automotive Products Plc | Ball and socket joint |
DE4221762A1 (de) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-01-05 | Lemfoerder Metallwaren Ag | Schalthebellagerung |
US5364191A (en) * | 1992-05-02 | 1994-11-15 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Pivot bearing |
DE4438248A1 (de) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-02 | Opel Adam Ag | Kugelgelenk, insbesondere zur Lagerung von Schalthebeln |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1579435A (zh) * | 1967-09-28 | 1969-08-22 | ||
US3707094A (en) * | 1971-01-22 | 1972-12-26 | Trw Inc | Remote shift lever mechanism |
DE4026652A1 (de) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-03-05 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Lagerung fuer einen gangschalthebel |
US5855448A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-01-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Ball joint assembly |
-
1997
- 1997-08-20 DE DE19736106A patent/DE19736106B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-07-24 IT IT1998MI001710A patent/IT1301854B1/it active IP Right Grant
- 1998-08-06 US US09/130,275 patent/US6062098A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-19 CN CN98118614A patent/CN1095760C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4537524A (en) * | 1983-04-16 | 1985-08-27 | Automotive Products Plc | Ball and socket joint |
US5364191A (en) * | 1992-05-02 | 1994-11-15 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Pivot bearing |
DE4221762A1 (de) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-01-05 | Lemfoerder Metallwaren Ag | Schalthebellagerung |
DE4438248A1 (de) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-02 | Opel Adam Ag | Kugelgelenk, insbesondere zur Lagerung von Schalthebeln |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1301854B1 (it) | 2000-07-07 |
US6062098A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
DE19736106B4 (de) | 2006-03-23 |
ITMI981710A0 (it) | 1998-07-24 |
DE19736106A1 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
ITMI981710A1 (it) | 2000-01-24 |
CN1208702A (zh) | 1999-02-24 |
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