CN109572733B - Forced ventilation electric heater, railway vehicle and control method of electric heater - Google Patents
Forced ventilation electric heater, railway vehicle and control method of electric heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN109572733B CN109572733B CN201811237107.2A CN201811237107A CN109572733B CN 109572733 B CN109572733 B CN 109572733B CN 201811237107 A CN201811237107 A CN 201811237107A CN 109572733 B CN109572733 B CN 109572733B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0036—Means for heating only
- B61D27/0045—Electric heating
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Abstract
The invention provides a forced ventilation electric heater, which comprises a box body and a ventilation grid capable of closing the opening end of the box body, and further comprises a heating element, a ventilator and a control board which are arranged in the box body and electrically connected with each other, wherein the signal input ends of the ventilator and the heating element are connected with the output end of the control board, and the control board receives an external control signal to control the working state of the forced ventilation electric heater. The invention further provides a railway vehicle applying the forced ventilation electric warmer and a control method of the electric warmer. According to the forced ventilation electric heater, the rail vehicle and the control method of the electric heater, the electric heater can provide the warmest morning, occupies small space, can be applied to narrow positions in a carriage, and is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicles, and particularly relates to a forced ventilation electric heater installed in a narrow space of a railway vehicle, a control method of the forced ventilation electric heater, and a railway vehicle provided with the forced ventilation electric heater.
Background
Along with the improvement of national living standard, the requirement of people on the comfort of the rail vehicles and the equipment in the rail vehicles when going out is higher and higher, the air conditioner is usually installed in the carriage of the existing railway passenger car to adjust the internal temperature and improve the riding comfort, but under the normal condition, the air conditioner in the car can only effectively adjust the temperature in the carriage, the two ends of the carriage are close to the positions of the car door, the table, the washroom and the like, the adjusting effect of the air conditioner in the car on the temperature at the position is not obvious or can not be effectively adjusted, so that the temperature difference in the carriage is large, the positions, especially the small positions of the table, the washroom and the like, of the air conditioner in the car can not be effectively adjusted, the power and the volume of the required heating device are correspondingly increased when the existing heating device is required to effectively heat up the space, and a larger heating device can not be arranged at the positions due to the space limitation, tubular (plate-type) electric heating can not be adopted for heating, so that the temperature of the partial area and the position in winter is lower than that of the interior of a carriage, and the riding comfort of passengers is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems and the defects, and firstly provides a forced ventilation electric heater which has large heat energy and small occupied space, and further provides a rail vehicle applying the forced ventilation electric heater and a control method of the forced ventilation electric heater, so that the forced ventilation electric heater arranged at a small position in a carriage can effectively and safely work under the condition of effective heating.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a forced ventilation electric warmer, which has the following technical scheme:
the forced ventilation electric heater comprises a box body and a ventilation grid capable of sealing the opening end of the box body, and further comprises a heating element, a ventilator and a control panel which are arranged in the box body and electrically connected with each other, wherein the signal input ends of the ventilator and the heating element are connected with the output end of the control panel, and the control panel receives an external control signal to control the working state of the forced ventilation electric heater.
Furthermore, the electric warmer also comprises a pressure difference switch, the signal output end of the pressure difference switch is connected with the input end of the control panel, the control panel compares the real-time air pressure signal collected by the pressure difference switch with a preset air pressure threshold value, and controls the working state of the forced ventilation electric warmer according to the comparison result.
Furthermore, the electric warmer also comprises a temperature control component capable of realizing multi-stage temperature control protection.
Furthermore, the temperature control assembly comprises an unrecoverable temperature controller and an automatic reset temperature controller, and the action temperature of the unrecoverable temperature controller is higher than that of the automatic reset temperature controller.
Further, the electric warmer further comprises a time relay, the time relay controls the ventilator to operate before the heating element, and the ventilator is stopped in a delayed mode after the heating element stops working.
The second invention of the invention aims to provide a rail vehicle using the forced ventilation electric warmer, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a rail vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein a forced ventilation electric heater as described in the foregoing is arranged in the vehicle body, one side of a ventilation grille is provided with a crank hinge and is fixed with an inner partition wall in the vehicle body through the crank hinge, and the ventilation grille is locked with or unlocked from the inner partition wall through a locking device.
Further, the ventilation grille comprises an air opening outer cover and an air opening inner net.
The third invention aims to provide a control method of the forced ventilation electric heater, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a forced ventilation electric heater comprises a heating element, a ventilator and a control panel, wherein a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in a working area of the electric heater, temperature values detected by the temperature sensors are transmitted to the control panel of the electric heater in real time, each temperature value is calculated and then compared with a preset temperature Ti arranged in the control panel to obtain a temperature difference delta T, and the control panel selects a preset program according to the temperature difference delta T to control the working states of the ventilator and the heating element of the electric heater.
Further, when the delta T is more than or equal to 1 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to stop working; when the temperature is minus 0.5 ℃ and delta T is less than 1 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to work in a semi-warm mode; when the delta T is less than or equal to minus 0.5 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to work in a full-heating mode.
Further, the distances between the temperature sensors and the electric heater are different, and the controller averages the received temperature values and compares the average value with a preset temperature Ti to obtain a temperature difference delta T.
Furthermore, the electric heater comprises a time relay, when the control panel controls the electric heater to work, the time relay controls the ventilator to run before the heating element, and the ventilator is stopped in a delayed mode after the heating element stops working.
Furthermore, the electric warmer comprises a pressure difference switch capable of monitoring the air pressure inside the strong ventilation electric warmer in real time, and when the detected air pressure reaches or is lower than a preset threshold value in the control panel, the control panel controls the electric warmer to stop working.
Furthermore, a temperature control assembly is arranged in the electric warmer and comprises an unrecoverable temperature controller and an automatic reset temperature controller, and the action temperature of the unrecoverable temperature controller is higher than that of the automatic reset temperature controller.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the forced-air electric heater, the rail vehicle and the control method of the electric heater provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the forced ventilation electric warmer realizes ventilation heat exchange heating by adding a ventilator, solves the defect that the conventional tubular heater inside the vehicle body is heated by radiation heat exchange, effectively reduces the whole volume and power of the electric warmer, and improves the temperature of the vehicle body at the narrow position of a platform, a bathroom and the like due to art designing and installation space;
2. a pressure difference switch is arranged in a box body of the forced ventilation electric heater, the working state of a heating element is controlled by detecting the air pressure in the box body, and the safety in the use process is improved by arranging protection means such as short circuit, overload and the like;
3. the forced ventilation electric heater is externally provided with a ventilation grille, can provide hot air into a space and is arranged on an internal dividing wall in a carriage through the ventilation grille, so that the forced ventilation electric heater is easy to disassemble and convenient to install, overhaul and maintain;
4. the controller can be communicated with a vehicle network system or a master control end through a network interface or a connection line, and the automatic control of the forced ventilation electric heater is realized by combining a temperature monitoring system in the vehicle;
5. according to the collected environmental temperature, the automatic control of full heating, half heating and stopping of the forced ventilation electric heater can be realized, and a manual control knob can be arranged on the forced ventilation electric heater for manual control, so that the control method is flexible.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a schematic structure diagram of a forced ventilation electric warmer;
FIG. 2: FIG. 1A is a sectional view in the direction of A-A;
FIG. 3: the invention relates to a front view of a ventilation grille structure of a forced ventilation electric warmer;
FIG. 4: the invention relates to a rear view of a ventilation grille structure of a forced ventilation electric warmer;
FIG. 5: the invention relates to a circuit connection schematic diagram of a forced ventilation electric warmer;
FIG. 6: the invention relates to a control logic schematic diagram of a forced ventilation electric warmer;
the temperature control device comprises a box body 1, a ventilation grille 2, an internal wiring terminal 3, a network communication port 31, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) board 4, a ventilator 5, a differential pressure switch 6, a heating element 7, a temperature control component 8, a thermistor 81, a thermal fuse 82, a connector 9, a control panel 10, an indicator lamp board 11, a working state indicator lamp 12, a fault indicator lamp 121, a heating indicator lamp 122, a power indicator lamp 123, a fan indicator lamp 124, an inspection door 13, an air inlet 14, an air outlet 15, an air outlet channel 16, a tensioning lock 17, an air outlet outer cover 18, an air outlet inner net 19 and a temperature sensor 20.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention firstly provides a forced ventilation electric heater, which comprises a box body 1, a ventilation grid 2 capable of closing the opening end of the box body, a heating element 7, a ventilator 5 and a control board 10, wherein the heating element 7, the ventilator 5 and the control board 10 are arranged in the box body 1 and are electrically connected with each other, the signal input ends of the ventilator 5 and the heating element 7 are connected with the output end of the control board 10, and the control board 10 receives an external control signal to control the working state of the forced ventilation electric heater.
In this embodiment, a specific structure of the forced ventilation electric heater is described as an example of the forced ventilation electric heater installed and used on a rail vehicle, the rail vehicle includes a body, the inside of the body, such as the inside of the body passing through a narrow space such as a desk or a toilet, is provided with an installation hole on an inner partition wall, and is fixedly installed in an effective space between the inner partition wall and a body shell, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the forced ventilation electric heater includes a box body 1 with one side open, an open end of the box body 1 is provided with a ventilation grille 2, when the forced ventilation electric heater is applied on the rail vehicle, the box body 1 is placed in the effective space between the inner partition wall and the body shell, and can be effectively fixed with the inner partition wall of the body or other structures of the body by an installation seat, screws or other detachable ways, so as to prevent the box body 1 from toppling over during the, creating a hazard. One side of the ventilation grille 2 is provided with a crank arm hinge which is fixed with the partition wall in the vehicle body through the crank arm hinge, further, the ventilation grille 2 is fixed with the side wall of the mounting hole of the partition wall in the vehicle body through the crank arm hinge, so that the ventilation grille 2 is fixed in the mounting hole of the partition wall in the vehicle body, the mounting hole is sealed, the opening end of the box body 1 is opened, the ventilation grille 2 can be opened and closed through the crank arm hinge, the forced ventilation electric heater can be overhauled and maintained by opening the ventilation grille 2 in the state that the forced ventilation electric heater stops working, and the box body 1 can be integrally taken out for replacement and maintenance. The ventilation grille 2 is also provided with a locking device, such as a tension lock 17, which realizes the locking or the unlocking with the built-in partition wall, and avoids the ventilation grille 2 from being automatically unlocked or pulled by passengers during the running process of the vehicle body.
As shown in fig. 3, the ventilation grille 2 is provided with an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15, and is provided with an inspection door 13, the inspection door 13 can be opened, under the condition that the ventilation grille 2 is not opened, the components in the box body 1 can be observed and partially overhauled, and a plurality of working state indicating lamps 12 are provided, including but not limited to a fault indicating lamp 121, a heating indicating lamp 122, a power lamp 123 and a fan indicating lamp 124, when one indicating lamp is turned on, electrical components corresponding to the indicating lamps are in a working state, and when the forced ventilation electric heater is short-circuited and one component is damaged and cannot work, the fault indicating lamp 121 is turned on. The ventilation grid includes 19 and the wind gap dustcoat 18 in wind gap intranet of reciprocal anchorage, 18 wind gap dustcoats towards the carriage inside, avoid the passenger to pass through air intake 14, the inside electrical components of box is contacted to air outlet 15, protect air intake 14, air outlet 15 is not destroyed or is filled in the foreign matter by the passenger contact, avoid the large granule dust, impurity enters into in the box 1, 19 inside towards box 1 in wind gap intranet, effectively avoid the dust, the water droplet enters into inside the box 1, avoid the inside electrical parts damage of box 1. During maintenance, the tensioning lock 17 can be opened, the air inlet outer cover 18 is rotated through the crank arm hinge, and corresponding maintenance and troubleshooting are carried out after the air inlet inner net 19 is taken out.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the forced-ventilation electric heater mainly comprises a heating element 7, a ventilator 5 and a control panel 10, wherein the heating element 7 and the ventilator 5 are connected through an air duct, in the embodiment provided by the invention, the ventilator 5 adopts an exhaust fan to blow air into a carriage, so that an air outlet duct 16 is arranged at the heating element 7, an air outlet 15 arranged on the ventilation grating 2 is opposite to the outlet end of the air outlet duct 16, and the outlet end of the air outlet duct 16 is abutted against the back surface of the air outlet 15 when the ventilation grating 2 is in a closed state, so that the hot air is prevented from dissipating at the joint of the two parts. The position of the air inlet 14 arranged on the ventilation grid 2 corresponds to the air inlet end of the fan in the box body 1, and under the action of the ventilator 5, the internal space of the carriage and the forced ventilation electric heater form effective hot air circulation. In the embodiment provided by the invention, the heating element 7 is arranged at the lower part of the ventilator 5, the forced touch of the wind power heater realizes the circulation of an air path for air intake and air exhaust, warm air is blown in from the lower part of the carriage, and the warm air automatically rises and cold air automatically falls due to small specific gravity of the hot air, so that the hot air circulation heat exchange is automatically formed in the carriage, and the heating efficiency is improved.
In order to avoid continuous operation of the heating element 7, the internal temperature of the box body 1 is selected to be overhigh to cause local overheating, the heating element 7 is provided with a temperature control assembly 8 to ensure that the forced wind power heater can work safely, in the embodiment provided by the invention, the temperature control assembly 8 can carry out multi-stage temperature control protection and comprises a recoverable temperature controller and an unrecoverable temperature controller, if the unrecoverable temperature controller adopts a thermal fuse 82, when the temperature exceeds the fusing value of the thermal fuse 82, the thermal fuse 82 is subjected to thermal melting to disconnect the whole circuit, the heating element 7 stops working, the recoverable temperature controller can adopt a thermistor 81, and when the temperature exceeds the rated value of the thermistor 81, the thermistor 81 is disconnected to avoid the overhigh internal temperature of the box body 1 caused by continuous heating to cause potential safety hazards. After the heating element 7 stops working, the temperature inside the box body 1, especially the temperature of the heating element 7, gradually decreases, when the temperature decreases to the working temperature of the thermistor 81, the thermistor 81 is switched on, the heating element 7 continues working, and after the thermal fuse-link 82 is fused, an unrecoverable short-circuit fault occurs in the whole circuit, the fault indicator lamp 121 is lighted, and the maintenance is carried out by a worker.
In order to further improve the safety in the using process, the forced ventilation electric heater also comprises a pressure difference switch 6, the pressure difference switch 6 is arranged in the box body 1 and is further arranged in an air duct between the ventilator 5 and the heating element 7, the air pressure in the air duct is detected in real time, a wind pressure signal is transmitted to the control board 10, and when the control board 10 determines that the real-time wind pressure detected by the pressure difference switch 6 reaches or is lower than a preset wind pressure threshold value in the control board 10, the control board 10 controls the forced ventilation electric heater to stop working.
Inside box 1, still be equipped with one or more inside binding post 3 of fixing on MOS board 4, inside binding post 3 includes network communication port 31, be used for with other carriages or automobile body total control end circuit or network connection be connected, realize being connected of single forced draft electric heater and on-vehicle total controller, realize the unified control of forced wind power room heater, or the coordinated control of a plurality of forced draft electric heaters, can confirm the relation of connection between forced draft electric heater as required or with the connection and the control mode of automobile body total control end. The wind network communication port 31 can realize wireless network connection with other forced ventilation electric heaters and a vehicle body master control end, and wireless network connection and control are realized. Meanwhile, the forced ventilation electric heater may further include a manual controller (not shown in the figure), which may realize the control of the operation, stop, full heating and half heating of the forced ventilation electric heater, the manual control adjustment may not pass through the control panel 10 and the network system, and may realize the manual adjustment and control of the single forced ventilation electric heater, and when the control panel 10 fails or the network and communication fails, the manual controller may regulate and control the working mode of the forced ventilation electric heater.
Still be provided with indicator lamp plate 10 in the box 1, indicator lamp plate 10 is connected with a plurality of electrical parts electricity to be connected with a operating condition pilot lamp 12 at every circuit end, operating condition pilot lamp 12 has a plurality ofly, and indicator lamp plate 10 can fix at the back of ventilation grid 2 (towards the inside direction of box 1), and each operating condition pilot lamp 12 passes the through-hole on the ventilation grid 2, can see the operating condition of each operating condition pilot lamp in the front of ventilation grid 2.
The forced ventilation electric warmer further comprises a time relay, the time relay can be arranged on the control panel 10, when the starting instruction is received, the time relay can control the ventilator 5 to operate before the heating element 7, the ventilator 5 is stopped when the heating element 7 stops working, forced ventilation can be achieved firstly, heating is carried out, and using safety is improved. The top of the box is also provided with a connector 9.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the forced ventilation electric heater is recommended to be arranged at a narrow space position such as a passing table, a washroom and the like, and in practical application, the forced ventilation electric heater can also be arranged at other positions where the temperature cannot be adjusted, such as under the feet of a cab. The forced ventilation electric heater provided by the invention can also be applied to other environments, such as various motor vehicles, or can be independently used, such as a bathroom heater and a small household electric heater. The invention takes the application of the forced ventilation electric heater on the rail vehicle as an example, introduces the specific structure of the forced ventilation electric heater, which cannot be regarded as the application limit of the forced ventilation electric heater, when the forced ventilation electric heater is used alone, the ventilation grille 2 is connected with the side wall of the opening end of the box body 1 through the crank arm folding, and is locked with the other side wall of the opening end of the box body 1 through the tensioning lock 17 or other optional locking devices.
The invention further provides a control method of the forced ventilation electric heater, the forced ventilation electric heater adopts the structure described in the foregoing, which is not repeated herein, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic circuit connection diagram of each electric device of the forced ventilation electric heater provided by the invention, when the forced ventilation electric heater is used for heating, the forced ventilation electric heater comprises a full-heating mode and a half-heating mode, the forced ventilation electric heater comprises at least two heating elements 7 which are connected in parallel and electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 10, when the half-heating mode is used, the relay KT1 is attracted, the relay KT2 is disconnected, the heating element 7 connected with the relay KT2 stops working, the circuit between the relay KT1 and the corresponding heating element 7 is connected in series with the thermal fuse 82 to ensure safe use, when the full-heating mode is used, the relay KT1 and the relay KT2 are attracted at the same time, the two heating elements 7 work at the same, the heating power is increased, and the heating quantity is improved. The output end of the control board 10 is electrically connected with the output end of the ventilator 5, and the on-off control of the ventilator 5 is realized through the suction or the disconnection of a relay KT 3. The signal output end of the pressure difference switch 6 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel 10, the wind pressure signal detected by the pressure difference switch 6 is transmitted to the control panel 10, and the control panel 10 controls the working states of the ventilator 5 and the two or more heating elements 7 through the comparison of the real-time wind pressure value and the preset threshold value. The signal output end of the thermistor 81 is connected with the output end of the control board 10, when the thermistor 81 is disconnected by high temperature, the thermistor transmits the disconnection information to the control board, and the control board 10 controls the heating element 7 and the ventilator 5 to stop working. The operating voltage and the control voltage of the forced-air electric warmer can be determined according to the specific application structure, when the forced-air electric warmer is applied to a railway vehicle, such as the circuit shown in FIG. 5, the main loop adopts DC600V voltage, and the control loop adopts DC110V voltage. The circuit connection of the forced ventilation electric warmer also comprises a power circuit which is connected with an on-board power supply or other main power supplies through power terminals in a plurality of wiring terminals 3 arranged in the box body 1 and is respectively connected with electric devices such as a ventilator 5, a differential pressure switch 6, a heating element 7, a control panel 10, a working state indicator lamp 11 and the like for power supply through circuits.
In the working range of the forced ventilation electric warmer, a plurality of temperature sensors 20 are arranged at different positions, for example, one temperature sensor 20 can be respectively arranged at the position 1.2m, 1.7m, 0.5m and 0.1m away from the heating element 7 of the forced ventilation electric warmer, each temperature sensor 20 transmits the detected real-time temperature to the control board 10 in a signal mode, the control board 10 controls the heating element 7, the ventilator 5 and other related components according to the calculated temperature value and the control board pre-stored control logic, the plurality of temperature sensors 20 are arranged at different distances in the working range of the forced ventilation electric warmer, the temperature in the working range can be effectively detected, the optimum temperature for controlling the working state is obtained, and the unreliability of temperature regulation under the condition of single temperature detection is avoided. As shown in fig. 6, for the control logic of the forced ventilation electric heater provided by the present invention, the control board 10 calculates a plurality of collected temperature values at different distances, such as calculating an average value or a weighted average value, compares the calculated temperature value T with a preset temperature value Ti prestored in the control board 10, calculates a difference Δ T between the two values as T-Ti, and selects a predetermined program to control the operating states of the ventilator and the heating element of the forced ventilation electric heater according to the affiliated section corresponding to the calculated temperature difference Δ T. When the delta T is more than or equal to 1 ℃, the control panel 10 controls the relay KT1 and the relay KT2 to be disconnected, and controls the forced ventilation heater to stop working; when the temperature is minus 0.5 ℃ and delta T is less than 1 ℃, the control panel 10 controls the relay KT1 or the relay KT2 to be sucked, the other relay is switched off, only one heating element 7 works to realize the control of the forced ventilation electric warmer to work in a semi-warm state, and when the forced ventilation electric warmer works in the semi-warm state, the heating element 7 with short running time is preferentially started to work to realize the semi-warm state; when the delta T is less than or equal to minus 0.5 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to work in a full-heating mode. When the working state of the heating element 7, the ventilator 5 and other electric devices is controlled according to the environment temperature in the working range of the forced ventilation electric warmer, the collection of the working temperature, the air pressure in the air channel and other parameters is simultaneously carried out in the box body 1, and the working state of the heating element 7, the ventilator 5 and other electric devices is controlled through the control panel 10 according to the collected parameter values.
In fig. 5, a thermal fuse 82 is connected to a circuit of only one heating element 7 to realize an unrecoverable temperature control protection effect, at this time, the heating element 7 connected to the thermal fuse 82 is the only heating body in the semi-warm working state of the forced ventilation electric warmer, and in any state, when the semi-warm working is adopted, only the heating element 7 is in the working state, and a thermistor 81 is arranged around each heating element 7 to realize the recoverable temperature control protection effect. In practical applications, the number of the heating elements 7 can be even, and half of the heating elements 7 are engaged in operation during semi-warm operation, or multiple operation modes including but not limited to semi-warm and full-warm can be set according to requirements. A relay and a thermal fuse 82 are connected in series on a connecting circuit of each heating element 7 and the control board 10 to perform unrecoverable thermal fuse temperature control protection on each heating element 7, and each heating element 7 is provided with a thermistor 81 to perform recoverable temperature control protection. In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the thermistors 81 are individually connected to the circuit and electrically connected to the control board 10, and in practical applications, the thermistors 81 may be respectively connected in series to the connection circuit between each heating element 7 and the control board 10, and directly realize short circuit through over-temperature disconnection, thereby performing recoverable temperature control protection. When the temperature is reduced and the circuit is connected, and the heating is still needed at the moment, the control board 10 controls to continue heating. The fusing temperature of the thermal fuse 82 is higher than the overheat disconnection temperature of the thermistor 81, and the protection effect is improved.
The time relay is arranged on the control 10, when the control panel 10 controls the forced ventilation heater to work, the time relay control ventilator 5 runs in front of the heating element 7 in advance, forced ventilation is performed in advance, heating is performed later, the ventilator 5 is stopped in a delayed mode after the heating element 7 stops working, waste heat of the heating element 7 is effectively discharged, the situation that the temperature in the box body 1 is too high, fire or other potential safety hazards are generated, and meanwhile the service life of each part in the box body 1 is prolonged.
The control panel 10 is also provided with a network communication interface 31 which can communicate with a vehicle network system and is combined with a temperature monitoring system in the vehicle to realize the automatic control of the forced ventilation electric heater, the forced ventilation electric heater is also provided with a manual controller to realize the control of operation, stop, semi-heating and full heating, the manual control does not pass through the control panel 10 and the network system, and when a CPU or a network fails or according to the indoor temperature requirement, the working mode of the forced ventilation electric heater can be regulated and controlled through the manual controller.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the forced-air electric heater, the rail vehicle and the control method of the electric heater provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the forced ventilation electric warmer realizes ventilation heat exchange heating by adding a ventilator, solves the defect that the conventional tubular heater inside the vehicle body is heated by radiation heat exchange, effectively reduces the whole volume and power of the electric warmer, and improves the temperature of the vehicle body at the narrow position of a platform, a bathroom and the like due to art designing and installation space;
2. a pressure difference switch is arranged in a box body of the forced ventilation electric heater, the working state of a heating element is controlled by detecting the air pressure in the box body, and the safety in the use process is improved by arranging protection means such as short circuit, overload and the like;
3. the forced ventilation electric heater is externally provided with a ventilation grille, can provide hot air into a space and is arranged on an internal dividing wall in a carriage through the ventilation grille, so that the forced ventilation electric heater is easy to disassemble and convenient to install, overhaul and maintain;
4. the controller can be communicated with a vehicle network system or a master control end through a network interface or a connection line, and the automatic control of the forced ventilation electric heater is realized by combining a temperature monitoring system in the vehicle;
5. according to the collected environmental temperature, the automatic control of full heating, half heating and stopping of the forced ventilation electric heater can be realized, and a manual control knob can be arranged on the forced ventilation electric heater for manual control, so that the control method is flexible.
Similar solutions can be derived as described above in connection with the given solution content. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forced draft electric warmer is characterized in that: the electric warmer comprises a box body with an opening at one side, a ventilation grid capable of closing the opening end of the box body, a heating element, a ventilator and a control panel, wherein the heating element, the ventilator and the control panel are arranged in the box body and are electrically connected with each other;
an air inlet, an air outlet and an inspection door are arranged on the ventilation grating, the air inlet corresponds to the air inlet end of the ventilator in the box body, and the air outlet is opposite to the outlet end of the air outlet channel arranged at the heating element;
the electric warmer also comprises a pressure difference switch which is arranged in an air duct between the ventilator and the heating element, the signal output end of the pressure difference switch is connected with the input end of the control panel, the control panel compares a real-time air pressure signal collected by the pressure difference switch with a preset air pressure threshold value and controls the working state of the forced ventilation electric warmer according to the comparison result,
a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in a working area of the electric warmer, the distance between each temperature sensor and the electric warmer is different, temperature values detected by the temperature sensors are transmitted to a control panel of the electric warmer in real time, a controller obtains a temperature difference delta T by comparing a plurality of received temperature values with a preset temperature Ti after averaging, and the control panel selects a preset program according to the temperature difference delta T to control the working states of a ventilator and a heating element of the electric warmer;
the control panel comprises a network communication port which is connected with the main control end line of other carriages or the vehicle body.
2. A forced draft electric warmer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the forced ventilation electric warmer also comprises a temperature control component capable of realizing multi-stage temperature control protection.
3. A forced draft electric warmer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the temperature control assembly comprises an unrecoverable temperature controller and an automatic reset temperature controller, and the action temperature of the unrecoverable temperature controller is higher than that of the automatic reset temperature controller.
4. A forced draft electric warmer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric warmer further comprises a time relay, the time relay controls the ventilator to operate before the heating element, and the ventilator is stopped in a delayed mode after the heating element stops operating.
5. A rail vehicle, includes the automobile body, its characterized in that: the vehicle body interior is provided with a forced ventilation electric warmer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, one side of the ventilation grille is provided with a crank hinge and is fixed with the inner partition wall of the vehicle body interior through the crank hinge, and is locked or unlocked with the inner partition wall through a locking device.
6. A rail vehicle as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the ventilation grille comprises an air opening outer cover and an air opening inner net.
7. A control method of a forced ventilation electric warmer is characterized in that: the forced ventilation electric warmer comprises a heating element, a ventilator and a control panel, wherein a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in a working area of the electric warmer, the distances between the temperature sensors and the electric warmer are different, the controller averages a plurality of received temperature values and compares the average values with a preset temperature Ti to obtain a temperature difference delta T, and the control panel selects a preset program according to the temperature difference delta T to control the working states of the ventilator and the heating element of the electric warmer;
but electric heater includes the pressure difference switch of the inside wind pressure of real-time supervision forced draft electric heater, when detecting that the wind pressure reaches or is less than the preset threshold value in the control panel, control panel control electric heater stop work.
8. The control method of a forced ventilation electric warmer as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that: when the delta T is more than or equal to 1 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to stop working; when the temperature is minus 0.5 ℃ and delta T is less than 1 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to work in a semi-warm mode; when the delta T is less than or equal to minus 0.5 ℃, the control panel controls the forced ventilation heater to work in a full-heating mode.
9. The control method of a forced ventilation electric warmer as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that: the electric heater comprises a time relay, when the control panel controls the electric heater to work, the time relay controls the ventilator to run before the heating element, and the ventilator is stopped in a delayed mode after the heating element stops working.
10. The control method of a forced ventilation electric warmer as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that: the electric warmer is characterized in that a temperature control assembly is arranged in the electric warmer and comprises an unrecoverable temperature controller and an automatic reset temperature controller, and the action temperature of the unrecoverable temperature controller is higher than that of the automatic reset temperature controller.
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| CN201811237107.2A CN109572733B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Forced ventilation electric heater, railway vehicle and control method of electric heater |
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| CN201811237107.2A CN109572733B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Forced ventilation electric heater, railway vehicle and control method of electric heater |
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| CN109572733B true CN109572733B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114715207A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-08 | 镇江市江岛电器制造有限公司 | Comprehensive automatic temperature control system of ventilation electric heater for railway passenger car |
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| CN201198316Y (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2009-02-25 | 铁道部运输局 | Emergency ventilating apparatus of high speed rail vehicle |
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| CN104554311A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Electric heating device for rail vehicle and rail vehicle |
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| CN201050879Y (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-04-23 | 叶小勇 | Industrial warmer |
| CN204574220U (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-19 | 惟思得交通设备有限公司 | A kind of space heater with secondary temperature control system |
| CN207758787U (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-08-24 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of embedded-type electric heater and compartment |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB979689A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1965-01-06 | Emmerich Satzger | Apparatus for the automatic regulation of heating plants for vehicles,particularly for rail vehicles |
| CN201198316Y (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2009-02-25 | 铁道部运输局 | Emergency ventilating apparatus of high speed rail vehicle |
| CN203111186U (en) * | 2012-09-30 | 2013-08-07 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Ventilating grill for high-speed vehicle system equipment area |
| CN104554311A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Electric heating device for rail vehicle and rail vehicle |
| CN207594979U (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-07-10 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of forced ventilation formula electricity heating installation |
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| CN109572733A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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