CN109570417A - A kind of accurate forming method of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging - Google Patents
A kind of accurate forming method of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN109570417A CN109570417A CN201811406444.XA CN201811406444A CN109570417A CN 109570417 A CN109570417 A CN 109570417A CN 201811406444 A CN201811406444 A CN 201811406444A CN 109570417 A CN109570417 A CN 109570417A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of accurate forming methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, belong to Isothermal Extrusion technical field, the accurate forming method include: by the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank；The one side prefabricated blank is low according to middle part, end is high is put into upward in lower die impression, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, and aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging is obtained；With slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~35 ° for the middle part of the prefabricated blank to end.The present invention is improved by the shape to blank, so that in extrusion process, the flowable metal volume in each position of forging is substantially evenly distributed, fill metal to each position of forging simultaneously, obtained aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, forming effect is good, the discontented defect of no filling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Isothermal Extrusion technical field more particularly to a kind of precision forms of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging
Method.
Background technique
With the development of aerospace industry, for light high-strength net-size forging, the especially requirement of large-scale precision forging
Increasingly increase.Wherein large-scale precision forging due to equipment tonnage and material plasticity limitation be difficult to using cold forming process produce, because
This, isothermal precision formed method is used widely.
The general internal structure of large-scale precision forging is complicated, is much complex-curved thin-wall construction, generallys use thickness at present
Equally distributed blank progress Isothermal Extrusion forming (as shown in Figure 1).But since complex-curved thin-wall construction is in the presence of a large amount of thin
Web and high rib, metal flow is complicated in mold cavity, carries out Isothermal Extrusion using the equally distributed blank of thickness, will lead to
The intracavitary metal flow of type is uneven, the discontented defect of filling is generated, so that forging is difficult to meet required precision.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of accurate forming methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, solve forging and fill
Fill out discontented problem.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of accurate forming methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, comprising:
By the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank；The prefabricated blank is pressed
The one side low according to middle part, end is high is put into upward in lower die impression, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, is obtained aluminium alloy thin-walled
Curved surface muscle forging；
For the upper surface middle part of the prefabricated blank to end with slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~25 °.
Preferably, the arc aluminum alloy blank is U-shaped aluminum alloy blank.
Preferably, the end thickness of the prefabricated blank it is lower than the height of the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging 20~
The interior thickness of 30mm, the prefabricated blank are 31~50mm lower than the height of the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging.
Preferably, the ratio between length and width of the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging is 1.5~2.5:1；The aluminium closes
Golden Thin Walled Curved gluten forging contains high rib, and the ratio between the height of the high rib and width are 8~15:1.
Preferably, before the prefabricated blank is put into lower die impression, further include by the prefabricated blank and mold respectively into
Row heating.
It preferably, is 420~460 DEG C to the temperature of prefabricated blank heating, the time of heating is 2.5~3.5h.
It preferably, further include being preheated to prefabricated blank before being heated to the prefabricated blank, preform surface after preheat
Add lubricant；The temperature of the preheating is 160~180 DEG C.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the mold is 380~450 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature of the extruding is 400~500 DEG C.
Preferably, when the extruding, to upper mold apply pressure be 2500~5000 tons, upper mold downstream rate be 0.8~
3.0mm/s。
The present invention provides a kind of accurate forming methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, comprising: by arc aluminium alloy
The upper surface of blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank；The prefabricated blank is low according to middle part, end it is high one
It is put into lower die impression, is squeezed using upper die and lower die up, obtain aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging；It is described prefabricated
With slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~25 ° for the middle part of base to end.During the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank is machined to by the present invention
Portion is low, and end is high, and with slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~25 ° at middle part to end, obtains prefabricated blank and is squeezed again, so that squeezing
During pressure, the flowable metal volume in each position of forging is substantially evenly distributed, and fills metal to each position of forging simultaneously
It fills out, to solve the problems, such as that forging filling is discontented.Embodiment the result shows that, obtained using forming accurate forming method of the invention
The aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging arrived, forming effect is good, the discontented defect of no filling.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging classic flat-plate blank schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 processes obtained prefabricated blank schematic shapes；
Fig. 3 is the aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging photo of embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 2 processes obtained prefabricated blank schematic shapes；
Fig. 5 is the aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging photo of embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of accurate forming methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, comprising:
By the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank；The prefabricated blank is pressed
The one side low according to middle part, end is high is put into upward in lower die impression, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, is obtained aluminium alloy thin-walled
Curved surface muscle forging；
For the upper surface middle part of the prefabricated blank to end with slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~25 °.
The present invention by the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank.In the present invention
In, for the upper surface middle part of the prefabricated blank to end with slope surface transition connection, slope angle is 10~25 °, further preferably 14~
20°.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the ingredient of the arc aluminum alloy blank, suitable for the aluminum alloy blank of any ingredient
With.Arc aluminum alloy blank of the present invention is preferably U-shaped aluminum alloy blank.The present invention carrys out the arc aluminum alloy blank
Source does not have particular/special requirement, using the arc aluminum alloy blank in source known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, described
The end thickness of prefabricated blank is preferably 20~30mm lower than the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging height, further preferably 24~
29mm, the interior thickness of the prefabricated blank is preferably 31~50mm lower than the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging height, further
Preferably 35~50mm.In the present invention, the middle part of the prefabricated blank and the top surface of end are preferably plane；It is of the present invention pre-
The specific location of the slope surface of base, i.e. slope surface connect the specific location of end and middle part, add flash volume according to forging volume
Total volume principle of invariance, and obtained according to slope angle, prefabricated blank end thickness, prefabricated blank interior thickness and prefabricated blank length computation
It arrives.The length of the prefabricated blank is preferably the length of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging
Length with the maximum linear length gauge of the forging.Arc aluminum alloy blank is processed into high pre- in the low, end in middle part by the present invention
Base, and the tilt angle at middle part to slope surface between end is controlled, so that the flowable metal volume in each position of forging is substantially divided
Cloth is uniform, fills metal to each position of forging simultaneously, discontented so as to avoid forging filling.Fig. 2 is arc of the invention
The prefabricated blank schematic shapes that shape aluminum alloy blank is processed when being U-shaped, wherein 1 is end, and 2 be middle part, and 3 is in connections
The slope surface of portion to end；Middle part of the present invention refers to the middle section of the arc aluminum alloy blank segmental arc, it is described in
The arc-shaped curved surface length of the evagination in portion is preferably the 1/2 of entire arc aluminum alloy blank evagination arc length；Outside the middle part
The center of convex is overlapped with the center of entire arc aluminum alloy blank evagination arc.
After obtaining prefabricated blank, the one side that the present invention is low according to middle part by the prefabricated blank, end is high is put into lower die mould upward
It in thorax, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, obtains aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging.
For the present invention before the prefabricated blank is put into lower die impression, it is also preferable to include distinguish the prefabricated blank and mold
It is heated.The temperature that the present invention heats the prefabricated blank is preferably 420~460 DEG C, and further preferably 430~450 DEG C；
The time of the heating is preferably 2.5~3.5h, further preferably 3h, and the time of the heating refers to that prefabricated blank reaches and adds
Soaking time after hot temperature.The heating temperature of mold of the present invention is preferably 380~450 DEG C, further preferably 420~
440℃.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the heating method of the prefabricated blank and mold, and use is well known to those skilled in the art
Heating method.In the present invention, the temperature of the extruding is preferably 400~500 DEG C, further preferably 410~440
DEG C, since the present invention is using isothermal precision formed, the temperature of mold is identical as forging temperature, therefore the temperature of the extruding refers to
It is the temperature of mold and forging.
In the present invention, before the prefabricated blank heating, it is also preferable to include being preheated to the prefabricated blank, after preheat
Blank surface adds lubricant.In the present invention, the temperature of the preheating is preferably 160~180 DEG C, further preferably 170
~180 DEG C；The lubricant is preferably aquadag aqueous solution, and the mass percentage concentration of the aquadag aqueous solution is preferably 15~
20%.The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the source of the aquadag aqueous solution, using well known to those skilled in the art commercially available
Commodity.Preheating temperature of the present invention is conducive to aquadag aqueous solution and is completely uniformly attached on blank.The present invention couple
The mode of the preheating does not have particular/special requirement, using preheating method well known to those skilled in the art.The present invention is to described
The addition manner of lubricant does not have particular/special requirement, and the mode of spraying specifically can be used.Dosage of the present invention to the lubricant
There is no particular/special requirement, using dosage well known to those skilled in the art.
After the prefabricated blank is put into lower die impression by the present invention, prefabricated blank part is exposed on the outside of lower die, and upper mold is covered in this
The top of prefabricated blank, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, obtains aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging.The present invention is in extrusion process
In, pressure is applied to upper mold, forcing blank, deformation occurs, when upper die and lower die are closed completely, stops squeezing.In the present invention
In, when the extrusion molding, the pressure applied to upper mold is preferably 2500~5000 tons, further preferably 3500~4000
Ton；Upper mold downstream rate is preferably 0.8~3.0mm/s, further preferably 1.5~2.0mm/s.The present invention is by applying upper mold
Add certain pressure, make upper mold in downlink, squeeze flow of metal, the deformation of metal carries out in die cavity, shape needed for obtaining.
In the present invention, the mold cavity shapes of the upper die and lower die and specification are determined according to the shape and specification of target forging.
After the completion of extruding, the present invention it is also preferable to include aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging taken out using liftout attachment, into
Row is air-cooled.The present invention is not particularly limited the structure of the liftout attachment, is filled using ejection well known to those skilled in the art
It sets.After forging is cooling, the present invention removes surface metal oxidization skin it is also preferable to include pickling is carried out to forging after cooling,
Clear up surface graphite, the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging being surface-treated.The present invention does not have the embodiment of the pickling
There is particular/special requirement, using pickling mode well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the ratio between described aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging length and width is preferably 1.5~2.5:1, into
One step is preferably 2.0~2.5:1；The length and width of the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging is long with the maximum linear of the forging
Degree and linear width meter；The aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging preferably comprises high rib, the height and width of the high rib
The ratio between preferably 8~15:1, further preferably 10~15:1.In the present invention, the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging
Wall thickness is preferably 5~20mm.
It is carried out specifically below with reference to accurate forming method of the embodiment to Thin Walled Curved gluten forging provided by the invention
It is bright, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) base: 5A06 aluminium alloy thick plate is machined, and obtains the aluminium alloy prefabricated blank of arc not uniform thickness, such as
Shown in Fig. 2,1 is end, and 2 be middle part, and 3 be the slope surface of connection middle part to end, and in Fig. 2, the middle height of prefabricated blank is lower than two
End, the end thickness of prefabricated blank are 21mm lower than the aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging height, the interior thickness of prefabricated blank be than
Aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging height low 50mm, specific: prefabricated blank interior thickness is 63mm, both ends with a thickness of
92mm, difference in height are 29mm, and the slope angle of middle part to end slope surface is 15 °；
(2) prefabricated blank is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and is heated, be heated to taking-up at 160 DEG C, and equal on the surface of prefabricated blank
Even ground spraying graphite whey solution, the blank for having sprayed aquadag aqueous solution is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, is heated to 440 DEG C and is protected
Mold is finally heated to 420 DEG C by warm 2h, and the prefabricated blank heated is put into the impression of lower die, using upper die and lower die into
Row squeezes, and applies 3800 tons of pressure to upper mold under press machine effect, and upper mold downstream rate is 1.0mm/s, squeezes temperature and is
420 DEG C, after upper die and lower die are closed completely, press machine is out of service, and forming finishes obtained forging；
(3) cooling: forging made from step (2) being taken out with liftout attachment, is air-cooled to room temperature；
(4) pickling: forging after cooling is subjected to pickling, removes surface metal oxidization skin, surface graphite is cleared up, obtains table
The aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging of surface treatment.
The aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging that embodiment 1 obtains is observed, forging photo is as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is aobvious
Show, the aluminum alloy thin abdomen curved surface muscle forging forming of embodiment 1 is good, the discontented defect of no filling.
Embodiment 2
(1) base: 5A06 aluminium alloy thick plate is machined, and obtains the aluminium alloy prefabricated blank of arc not uniform thickness, such as
Shown in Fig. 4,1 is end, and 2 be middle part, and 3 be the slope surface of connection middle part to end, and 4 be the bottom at middle part.In Fig. 4, prefabricated blank
Middle height is lower than both ends, and the end thickness of prefabricated blank is 28mm lower than the aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging height, prefabricated blank
Interior thickness be it is 36mm lower than aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging height, it is specific: the top thickness in the middle part of prefabricated blank
For 42mm, interior thickness 80mm, both ends with a thickness of 88mm, middle part and two-end thickness difference are 8mm, middle part to end slope surface
Slope angle is 14 °；
(2) prefabricated blank is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and is heated, be heated to taking-up at 160 DEG C, and equal on the surface of prefabricated blank
Even ground spraying graphite whey solution, the blank for having sprayed aquadag aqueous solution is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, is heated to 440 DEG C and is protected
Mold is finally heated to 420 DEG C by warm 2h, and the prefabricated blank heated is put into the impression of lower die, using upper die and lower die into
Row squeezes, and applies 3800 tons of pressure to upper mold under press machine effect, and upper mold downstream rate is 1.0mm/s, squeezes temperature and is
420 DEG C, after upper die and lower die are closed completely, press machine is out of service, and forming finishes obtained forging；
(3) cooling: the forging that step (2) refers to being taken out with liftout attachment, is air-cooled to room temperature；
(4) pickling: forging after cooling is subjected to pickling, removes surface metal oxidization skin, surface graphite is cleared up, obtains table
The aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging of surface treatment.
The aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging that embodiment 2 obtains is observed, forging photo is as shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is aobvious
Show, the aluminum alloy thin abdomen grid muscle forging forming of embodiment 2 is good, the discontented defect of no filling.
As seen from the above embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of accurate forming method of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging,
Producing aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging using the accurate forming method can effectively avoid the discontented defect of forging filling.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of accurate forming method of aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging, comprising:
By the upper surface of arc aluminum alloy blank be processed into middle part it is low, end is high, obtain prefabricated blank；By the prefabricated blank in
The one side that portion is low, end is high is put into upward in lower die impression, is squeezed using upper die and lower die, and aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface is obtained
Muscle forging；
With slope surface transition, slope angle is 10~35 ° for the middle part of the prefabricated blank to end.
2. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the arc aluminum alloy blank is the conjunction of U-shaped aluminium
Golden blank.
3. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the end thickness of the prefabricated blank is than the aluminium
Low 20~the 30mm of height of alloy thin-wall curved surface muscle forging, the interior thickness of the prefabricated blank is than the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle
Low 31~the 50mm of the height of forging.
4. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging
The ratio between degree and width are 1.5~2.5:1；The aluminium alloy thin-walled curved surface muscle forging contains high rib, the height of the high rib
It is 8~15:1 with the ratio between width.
5. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by the prefabricated blank be put into lower die impression it
Before, it further include being respectively heated the prefabricated blank and mold.
6. accurate forming method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the temperature to prefabricated blank heating is 420
~460 DEG C, the time of heating is 2.5~3.5h.
7. accurate forming method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that further include before being heated to the prefabricated blank
Prefabricated blank is preheated, preform surface after preheat adds lubricant；The temperature of the preheating is 160~180 DEG C.
8. accurate forming method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the heating temperature of the mold is 380~450
℃。
9. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of the extruding is 400~500 DEG C.
10. accurate forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the extruding, to the pressure of upper mold application
It is 2500~5000 tons, upper mold downstream rate is 0.8~3.0mm/s.
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| CN110695276A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-17 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of blank pressing piece of 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging |
| CN111545695A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-18 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | Die forging method for high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy box body |
| CN112974699A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Precise hot forming method for metal forging with approximately semi-elliptical thin web and large rib spacing |
| CN116251916A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Back extrusion forming and demolding method for deep cavity inner rib member with U-shaped notch |
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| CN110695276A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-17 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of blank pressing piece of 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging |
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| CN111545695B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-02-05 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | Die forging method for high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy box body |
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| CN112974699B (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Precise hot forming method for metal forging with approximately semi-elliptical thin web and large rib spacing |
| CN116251916A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Back extrusion forming and demolding method for deep cavity inner rib member with U-shaped notch |
| CN116251916B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-08-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Back extrusion forming and demolding method for deep cavity inner rib member with U-shaped notch |
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