CN109563858A - The hydraulic system of automatic transmission for motor vehicle - Google Patents

The hydraulic system of automatic transmission for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109563858A
CN109563858A CN201780047768.6A CN201780047768A CN109563858A CN 109563858 A CN109563858 A CN 109563858A CN 201780047768 A CN201780047768 A CN 201780047768A CN 109563858 A CN109563858 A CN 109563858A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
diagnosis
clutch
hydraulic system
hydraulic
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Granted
Application number
CN201780047768.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109563858B (en
Inventor
M·威恩哈特
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Publication of CN109563858B publication Critical patent/CN109563858B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F15B1/033—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices with electrical control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0446—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control the supply forming part of the transmission control unit, e.g. for automatic transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H61/0025—Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore
    • F16H61/0031—Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore using auxiliary pumps, e.g. pump driven by a different power source than the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/72—Features relating to cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H2061/0034—Accumulators for fluid pressure supply; Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • F16H2061/1208—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures with diagnostic check cycles; Monitoring of failures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • F16H2061/1256—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
    • F16H2061/126—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected the failing part is the controller
    • F16H2061/1264—Hydraulic parts of the controller, e.g. a sticking valve or clogged channel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of automatic transmission for motor vehicle, the especially hydraulic system of double-clutch speed changer, the hydraulic system has high tension loop (H), accumulator (25) are connected in high tension loop, at least one clutch (K1, ) and gear adjuster (G1 to G4) K2, the hydraulic system has the low tension loop (N) for cooling down clutch (K1), the hydraulic pump (53) that there is at least one can be driven by motor (57) for high tension loop (H) and low tension loop (N), the hydraulic system has control unit (39), the control unit manipulates the motor (57) of hydraulic pump (53) when recognizing accumulator boost demand, high tension loop (H) and low tension loop (N) are connected by bypass conduit (57) with integrated reservoir pressure charging valve (71), The reservoir pressure charging valve makes hydraulic pump (53) be connected on fluid technique in non pressurized state (K) with low tension loop (N), so that hydraulic pump (53) is connected on fluid technique with high tension loop (H) in pressurized state (L), when storing pressure (p in high tension loop (H)S) it is more than upper pressure threshold (pmax) when, reservoir pressure charging valve (71) is in the first switch instant (tU1) it automatically is moved to non pressurized state (K) from pressurized state (L), when storing pressure (pS) it is lower than lower pressure threshold (pmin) when, reservoir pressure charging valve is in the second switch instant (tU2) automatically pressurized state (L) is moved to from non pressurized state (K).According to the present invention, described control unit (39) has diagnostic module (79), executes valve opening using the diagnostic module and diagnoses, and in valve opening diagnosis, can determine that in lower pressure threshold (pmin) and upper pressure threshold (pmax) between practical valve opening (Δ pist)。

Description

The hydraulic system of automatic transmission for motor vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of it is according to claim 1, for the automatic transmission of motor vehicle, especially double-clutch speed changer Hydraulic system and method according to claim 15, for being diagnosed to the components in this hydraulic system.
Background technique
It is realized in the case where no tractive force interrupts in double-clutch speed changer by means of two sub-transmissions full automatic Shift.The realization of torque passed through in two clutches, connect two sub-transmissions with driver.Clutch And the gear adjuster for putting into gear is manipulated by hydraulic cylinder, can hydraulically be manipulated by hydraulic system.
102014003083 A1 of document DE discloses such hydraulic system, with accumulator in liquid It is provided in pressure system and stores pressure.Being disposed in the clutch route for leading to clutch hydraulic cylinder from accumulator can be by electronics control The control valve of unit processed manipulation, using the control valve be adjusted at clutch hydraulic cylinder existing for hydraulic pressure.Preferably Control unit is assigned pressure sensor (10 2,013 003 894 A1 of DE), can be obtained using the pressure sensor in clutch Hydraulic pressure existing at device hydraulic cylinder.In addition, hydraulic system is pumped with supercharged hydraulic, by flow of pressurized in pressurization Body is transported in hydraulic system, stores pressure to improve.
The high tension loop and low tension loop of hydraulic system can be connected by bypass conduit with integrated reservoir pressure charging valve. Reservoir pressure charging valve can be such that hydraulic pump and low tension loop connects on fluid technique in non pressurized state, and make hydraulic pump simultaneously It is disengaged with high tension loop.On the contrary, reservoir pressure charging valve can make hydraulic pump and high tension loop in fluid technique in pressurized state Upper connection, and simultaneously disengage hydraulic pump and low tension loop.Reservoir pressure charging valve can be in the first switch instant automatically from pressurization It is moved in state in non pressurized state, especially in high tension loop when storing pressure more than upper pressure threshold.On the contrary Ground, when storing pressure lower than lower pressure threshold, reservoir pressure charging valve is in the second switch instant automatically from non pressurized state It is moved in pressurized state.
The functional fault of reservoir pressure charging valve is only capable of recognizing by expensive sensing device in the prior art.Example Such as, when there is spring breakage such as since dirt deposition interferes to store being applied in preloading reservoir pressure charging valve by spring When the adjusting displacement of device pressure charging valve, in fact it could happen that this failure function.In this case, existing risk is, believable Reservoir pressure charging valve is also no longer converted between pressurized state and non pressurized state when lower/upper pressure threshold.Reservoir pressure charging valve Functional important parameter include: so-called valve opening and the switch instant between pressurized state and non pressurized state, Valve opening is the pressure difference between upper pressure threshold and lower pressure threshold.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic systems, can protect in the case where the cost in terms of sensor reduces Demonstrate,prove the operational reliability of pressure accumulation pressure charging valve.
The purpose is realized by the feature of claim 1 or claim 15.It has been disclosed in the dependent claims this hair Bright preferred improvement project.
According to the features of claim 1, the feature of part, control unit have diagnostic module, execute valve by diagnostic module Aperture diagnosis determines the practical valve opening between lower pressure threshold and upper pressure threshold in valve opening diagnosis.Diagnose mould Block can have assessment unit, and the assessment unit is by the practical valve opening of acquisition compared with theoretical valve opening.There are obvious deviations When, assessment unit can recognize fault condition.
On time before valve opening diagnosis, switch instant diagnosis can be carried out, switch instant diagnosis equally can be by means of examining Disconnected module executes.Determine in switch instant diagnosis, in the practical pressure that stores of the first switch instant whether in upper pressure threshold In range.Alternatively and/or additionally can determine, the second switch instant it is practical store pressure whether lower pressure threshold model In enclosing.Pressure and upper pressure threshold are actually stored there are when apparent deviation what the first switch instant obtained, recognize failure Situation.On the contrary, actually storing pressure and lower pressure threshold there are when apparent deviation, equally what the second switch instant obtained Recognize fault condition.
In technology implementation, hydraulic system can have at least one to lead to the clutch line of clutch hydraulic cylinder from accumulator Road.The clutch valve that can be manipulated by electronic control unit can be disposed in clutch route, it is adjustable using the clutch valve Hydraulic pressure existing at the clutch hydraulic cylinder.It is assigned pressure sensor for electronic control unit, utilizes the pressure sensing Device can obtain at clutch hydraulic cylinder existing for hydraulic pressure.In the implementation of simple technology, it is arranged in clutch route Pressure sensor can be used for obtaining during switch instant diagnoses and actually storing pressure.In normal running, arrangement Pressure sensor in clutch route meets security function, monitors in security function, clutch be no pressure or by Apply pressure.During switch instant diagnosis, clutch route pressure sensor can also be used for obtaining in dual function practical Store pressure.
In view of its above-mentioned defencive function in normal running, clutch route pressure sensor design is at tool There is corresponding small measurement range (that is, cost advantages).Therefore, the measurement range of pressure sensor can except upper pressure threshold, Under i.e., in upper pressure threshold, reservoir pressure charging valve is automatically switched to its non pressurized state from its pressurized state.Therefore, exist It in this case, is not to be directly acquired actually to store pressure in the first switch instant by clutch route pressure sensor.Therefore Preferably, assessment unit is based on pressure value evaluation time window in pressure sensor measurement range, measuring, in fault-free Reservoir pressure charging valve operation in, the first switch instant and/or the second switch instant are located in the time window.If assessment unit It determines that first/second switch instant is located at outside the time window, then recognizes failure.For example, assessment unit can have interpolating module, Interpolating module derives above-mentioned time window according to pressure value that is above-mentioned, measuring.
If valve opening can then be carried out and examine by determining fault-free as follow-up diagnosis in above-mentioned switch instant diagnosis It is disconnected.
In order to determine that practical valve opening, assessment unit can determine that diagnosis period, the diagnosis period are opened with the first switch instant Begin and (that is, during non pressurized operation) is terminated with the second switch instant.In the diagnosis period, due to manipulating baseline hydraulic cylinder And since hydraulic system leakage generation stores pressure decline, it is corresponding with practical valve opening that this stores pressure decline.In order to It is obtained during the diagnosis period and stores pressure decline, preferably following to carry out: baseline hydraulic cylinder has position sensor, which passes The piston that sensor obtains in the manipulation of gear adjuster adjusts displacement.Diagnostic module can be by the piston tune during diagnosing the period Section shifting is quadratured to obtain always adjusting displacement, and thus calculates pressure decline associated with the manipulation of gear adjuster.It comments The sum of caused pressure decline can be declined and be leaked by pressure associated with the manipulation of gear adjuster to determine by estimating unit Pressure decline is stored during the diagnosis period.The decline of relevant to leakage pressure can diagnosis before during diagnosing the period Or leakage measuring instrumentation determines.
The first, second switch instant when converting between pressurized state and non pressurized state can determine as follows: It can be assigned current measuring device for control unit, the actual power consumption electric current of motor can be obtained using the current measuring device.Control Unit processed can will be determined as the first switch instant from high power consumption electric current to the transformation moment of low power consumption electric current.On the contrary, Control unit can will be determined as the second switch instant from low power consumption electric current to the transformation moment of high power consumption electric current.
In a preferred form of implementation, baseline hydraulic cylinder can be have been known in gear adjuster diagnosis before It Wei not trouble-free gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder.It, can in the benchmark gear adjusting circuit for leading to baseline hydraulic cylinder from accumulator Arrangement can controlled unit manipulation control valve, using the control valve can adjust at baseline hydraulic cylinder existing for hydraulic pressure.
Preferably, switch instant diagnosis and/or valve opening diagnosis are as time upper preload pressure preceding, in accumulator It diagnoses and the follow-up diagnosis of the amount of storing diagnosis, the diagnosis of clutch line diagnosis, gear adjusting circuit is performed.
In this case it is preferable to which the amount of storing diagnosis can be executed by diagnostic module.In the amount of storing diagnosis, exist first Accumulator is filled up completely by hydraulic fluid in diagnosis pressure operation.Then, in diagnostic module selection gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder One be used as baseline hydraulic cylinder.Baseline hydraulic cylinder is manipulated during diagnosing the period, hydraulic fluid discharge thus occurs, in interval Property manipulate and generate hydraulic fluid discharge in the case where baseline hydraulic cylinder (that is, discharge capacity) and hydraulic system leakage.In the diagnosis period Middle manipulation baseline hydraulic cylinder, until making in hydraulic system due to manipulating the discharge of associated hydraulic fluid with hydraulic cylinder There are environmental pressures.Under ambient pressure, it is emptied completely the grease chamber in accumulator, that is, make pressure piston pressure using preload force It comes on the stopper section of accumulator.
Diagnostic module has assessment unit, and assessment unit determines the discharge of above-mentioned hydraulic fluid and stores it with benchmark Amount compares.When there are apparent deviation, the amount of storing failure is recognized.
In technology implementation, baseline hydraulic cylinder can have position sensor, in the manipulation of gear adjuster, position sensor The piston obtained in baseline hydraulic cylinder adjusts displacement.During the amount of storing diagnosis, piston can be adjusted displacement and asked by diagnostic module Thus integral calculates hydraulic fluid discharge associated with the manipulation of gear adjuster (that is, row to obtain always adjusting displacement Amount).
In a simple implementation modification, it can be identified that there are environment in hydraulic system by means of position sensor Pressure: therefore, when reaching environmental pressure in hydraulic system no longer to cause piston to adjust the manipulation pressure-loaded base of movement Quasi- hydraulic cylinder.Therefore, position sensor is got, and piston is no longer pass through in baseline hydraulic cylinder and adjusts displacement.Diagnostic module by This is released, and having reached environmental pressure and having diagnosed the period terminates.In the diagnosis of the above-mentioned amount of storing, in addition to being grasped due to baseline hydraulic cylinder The discharge of hydraulic fluid caused by vertical (hereinafter referred to as discharge capacity), it is also contemplated that hydraulic fluid associated with lasting hydraulic system leakage Discharge.Preferably, it is stored in diagnostic module according to pervious measurement and/or diagnosis.
In addition to above-mentioned benchmark gear adjusting circuit, hydraulic system also there is at least one to lead to clutch fluid from accumulator The clutch route of cylinder pressure is disposed with the clutch valve that can be manipulated by electronic control unit in clutch route.Pass through clutch Device valve can adjust at clutch hydraulic cylinder existing for hydraulic pressure.In addition, it is assigned pressure sensor for electronic control unit, Using the pressure sensor can obtain at clutch hydraulic cylinder existing for hydraulic pressure.
The amount of storing diagnosis during, not only above-mentioned clutch route and also lead to baseline hydraulic cylinder benchmark gear adjust line Road is loaded actually to store pressure present in the hydraulic system.It as a result, can be in measuring technique during the amount of storing diagnosis Simple mode, which obtains, actually stores pressure curve.In addition, in this hydraulic system construction clutch can be arranged in utilizing The leakage situation of clutch route and benchmark gear adjusting circuit is checked in the case where pressure sensor in route.Be arranged in Baseline hydraulic cylinder in benchmark gear adjusting circuit on the contrary, the hydraulic cylinder of other gear adjusting circuits and store pressure disengagement, That is, not stored pressure-loaded.
Preferably, the follow-up diagnosis that the amount of storing diagnosis can be used as in time after the diagnosis of gear adjusting circuit is held Row.In this case, the amount of storing diagnosis is only capable of executing under the following conditions: identifying in gear adjusting circuit diagnosis before It has the gear adjuster of at least one nonfunctional failure, the benchmark gear which can be used as the amount of storing diagnosis is adjusted Device.
Above-mentioned gear adjusting circuit diagnosis can be executed by diagnostic module, and wherein diagnostic module is above-mentioned using being arranged in The leakage situation in corresponding gear adjusting circuit is checked in the case where pressure sensor at least one clutch route. Preferably, the diagnosis of gear adjuster can be used as comes with the follow-up diagnosis after clutch line diagnosis above-mentioned in time It executes.Here, the diagnosis of gear adjuster preferably only carries out under the following conditions: it is described later on, in time exist At least one clutch route is recognized in preceding clutch line diagnosis with trouble-free leakage.In this case, exist And then the pressure sensor being identified as in trouble-free clutch route (being hereinafter referred to as benchmark clutch line road) is used for Gear adjusting circuit diagnosis.
It being diagnosed for gear adjusting circuit, diagnostic module opens the clutch valve being arranged in benchmark clutch route, The pressure sensor being arranged in benchmark clutch route is got and actually stores pressure curve.In addition, diagnostic module Open the pressure-regulating valve being arranged in the connecting line for leading to gear adjuster, in being arranged in benchmark clutch route Pressure sensor and the gear regulating valve that is arranged in gear adjusting circuit between establish press-in connection.
Diagnosis pressure operation is carried out in the first diagnosis algorithm, wherein makes actually to store pressure by what pressure sensor obtained Power is increased to upper threshold value, shuts down supercharged hydraulic pump at the upper threshold value.After diagnosis pressure operation terminates, third assessment Unit can be obtained by pressure sensor and store the barometric gradient of pressure curve and it compare with reference pressure gradient, and Assessment is that there are trouble-free pressure drops or faulty pressure drop (that is, gear adjuster is let out in storing pressure curve Leakage).
In technology implementation, hydraulic system can have multiple gear adjusting circuits being connected in parallel to each other, wherein correspondingly cloth It is equipped with gear regulating valve, a shut-off valve position and two venting valve positions can be adjusted to.
In this condition, for each venting valve position, gear can be executed separately in the gear adjusting circuit that need to be checked Position adjusting circuit diagnosis, and assessment is made to fault.And the gear regulating valve in the gear adjusting circuit without checking It all switches in shut-off valve position, to improve the measurement accuracy at the gear adjusting circuit that need to be checked.
Above-mentioned carries out in a measurement period in the acquisition for storing the barometric gradient in pressure curve.Measurement period is opened Moment beginning preferably follows closely after diagnosis pressure operation terminates.In addition, during measuring barometric gradient, also in measurement period Start time and measurement finish time, which obtain, actually stores pressure.If there are sufficiently large between start time and finish time Store pressure difference, diagnostic module can recognize trouble-free diagnosis by means of the two absolute pressure values at this time.
The accumulator of hydraulic system can be configured such that piston-cylinder units, has the grease chamber with clutch connection and is applied Add preloading pressure piston, there are preload pressures at the pressure piston.Preload for example by gas pressure or alternatively by Spring is realized.In the case where being emptied completely grease chamber, pressure piston is preloaded to force and come on the mechanical barriers in accumulator. In this state being emptied completely, clutch route is not by pressure-loaded.On the contrary, in this case in clutch route There are environmental pressures.The functional fault of accumulator is only capable of recognizing by expensive sensing device in the prior art, such as Due to gas leaked gas pressure reduction.
Preferably the diagnosis of gear adjusting circuit can be used as in time in preload pressure diagnosis and/or clutch line diagnosis Follow-up diagnosis later.
In this context, it is preferable to the preload pressure of accumulator is checked using diagnostic module.Thus in diagnostic module At least one or more a reference value is stored, the time graph that the benchmark during pressurization stores pressure is described.For storage Depressor diagnosis carries out pressure operation, fully opens in the clutch valve being wherein arranged in clutch route, so as to pressure sensing Device can obtain the time graph for actually storing pressure during pressure operation.In order to assess the time graph for actually storing pressure, Diagnostic module has assessment unit, exists obviously partially if storing pressure curve in benchmark and actually storing between pressure curve Difference can recognize accumulator fault condition using the assessment unit.
It is diagnosed for accumulator, carries out pressure operation under the constant pressurization revolving speed of hydraulic booster pump.It is always clutch Device route fills hydraulic fluid, until being filled into the preload pressure moment, at the preload pressure moment, is obtained by pressure sensor Hydraulic pressure (that is, actually storing pressure) is equal to (reality) preload pressure of accumulator.In the next process of pressurization In, from the preload pressure moment, the grease chamber of accumulator is filled, and is especially made pressure piston mobile and is further increased reality Store pressure.
Representational pressurization time curve is generated in this pressurization.The curve can be arranged completely in accumulator grease chamber It is stretched between empty diagnosis start time and above-mentioned upper threshold value, and can be used for accumulator diagnosis: therefore, pressurization time curve (that is, actually storing pressure curve) has steep barometric gradient until reaching the preload pressure moment always, and in preload pressure There is the barometric gradient being substantially reduced by comparison after moment.In the case where accumulator function is intact, in preload pressure The practical preload pressure for carving acquisition is consistent with the accumulator preload pressure designed based on structure, which is examining It is stored in diagnostic module in the case where considering strong temperature dependency.
In the assessment unit of diagnostic module, to by pressure sensor the preload pressure moment obtain actually store pressure It is compared with the scheduled benchmark preload pressure of accumulator.When having obvious deviation between the two values, determine in accumulator In there are incredible preload pressures.
As described above, starting diagnosis in the case where diagnosing entry condition: the grease chamber of accumulator is emptied completely and in hydraulic system In there are environmental pressures.In order to reach diagnosis entry condition, at least one liquid of gear adjuster and/or clutch is manipulated in advance Cylinder pressure, until actually to be stored by what pressure sensor obtained due to manipulating associated hydraulic fluid discharge with hydraulic cylinder Pressure drops to environmental pressure.In this case, it is emptied completely accumulator grease chamber automatically.
In order to determine the preload pressure moment, assessment unit can assess the time gradient of the pressure before and after the preload pressure moment And they are compared, and thus acquires the preload pressure moment, or determines whether there is accumulator failure.
There are two clutches in double-clutch speed changer, accordingly pass through substantially the same clutch route and pressure accumulation Device connection.In this case, the accumulator diagnosis being described above can doubly be implemented, that is, in the range of the first son diagnosis Clutch valve is closed using the pressure sensor being arranged in first clutch route and in second clutch route, and Using the pressure sensor being arranged in second clutch route and in first clutch route in the range of second son diagnosis In clutch valve close.In assessment unit, for the credibility check of accumulator diagnosis, to the first son diagnosis and the second son Diagnosis is compared.There are when identical accumulator failure in the first son diagnosis and the second son diagnosis, assessment unit is recognized Accumulator failure.On the contrary, if assessment unit is recognized at two there are different fail results in two son diagnosis (that is, for example leaking) faulty in one in clutch route.
In another embodiment, diagnostic module can additionally execute independent clutch line diagnosis, as subsequent Diagnosis in time with preload pressure diagnose close to.For clutch line diagnosis, make to execute during preload pressure diagnoses Diagnosis pressure operation continues always, until reaching maximum stores pressure (that is, upper threshold value), and herein in a cutting moment knot Beam.After pressure operation terminates, assessment unit compares the next a reference value for actually storing pressure curve and storage Compared with, and assessing storing in pressure curve (by pressure sensor acquisition) is that there are trouble-free pressure drops, still there is event The pressure drop caused by leaking of barrier.
Preferably, the clutch line diagnosis above only ability quilt when determining preload pressure fault-free in accumulator It executes.It is therefore preferred that the clutch line diagnosis in diagnostic module is only capable of executing in such a situa-tion, that is, preloading There are trouble-free accumulator preload pressures in the case where pressure diagnostic.
It is of the invention in advantageous design scheme being described above and/or describing in the dependent claims and/or to change It can be used alone into scheme or to be arbitrarily applied in combination each other, unless for example in the presence of apparent correlation or incompatible substitution Scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
By attached drawing, the present invention is further explained and its advantageous design scheme and improvement project and theirs is excellent below Point.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of the double-clutch speed changer for motor vehicle, has seven forward gears and a reversing Gear；
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b show the hydraulic system of double-clutch speed changer with block diagram, and roughly schematically show The construction of accumulator；
Fig. 3 shows the program mould for accumulator diagnosis and clutch line diagnosis in diagnostic module with block diagram Block；And
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram for illustrating accumulator diagnosis and clutch line diagnosis；
Program module needed for Fig. 5 shows the diagnosis of the gear adjusting circuit in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram for illustrating the diagnosis of gear adjusting circuit；
Program module needed for Fig. 7 shows the diagnosis of the amount of storing in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the explanation amount of storing diagnosis；
Program module needed for Fig. 9 shows the diagnosis of the switch instant in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Program module needed for Figure 10 shows the diagnosis of the valve opening in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Figure 11 shows the schematic diagram of time graph of the explanation during switch instant diagnosis and during valve opening diagnosis；
Program module needed for Figure 12 shows the diagnosis of the safety valve in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Figure 13 shows the schematic diagram of explanation time graph of important parameter during safety valve diagnosis；
Program module needed for Figure 14 shows the delivered volume flow diagnostic in diagnostic module with block diagram；
Figure 15 shows the schematic diagram for illustrating the time graph during delivered volume flow diagnostic；And
Figure 16 shows analytical unit, and the fault-signal generated in fault memorizer can be read in the analytical unit.
Specific embodiment
The double-clutch speed changer of the motor vehicle for a11wheel drive is shown with schematic diagram in Fig. 1.Double-clutch speed changer With seven forward gears (referring to the number 1 to 7 framed) and a reverse gear shift RW.Hereinafter only understanding that the present invention must Illustrate double-clutch speed changer in the degree of palpus.Therefore, there are two input shafts 12,14 for double-clutch speed changer tool, they are coaxially to each other Ground arrangement and can by two can hydraulic operation multidisc clutch K1, K2 alternately with power source, for example internal combustion engine connect It connects.Input shaft 14 is embodied as hollow shaft, and the input shaft 12 for being configured to solid shafting extends in the hollow shaft.Two input shafts 12, 14 are transferred to the output shaft 16 being axially parallelly arranged by the gear set of forward gear and reverse gear shift and are configured to hollow shaft Jackshaft 18.The gear set of forward gear 1 to 7 accordingly has fixed gear and can be by the switching of the gear adjuster of hydraulic operation Floating gear.Gear adjuster may be, for example, double synchronous engagement devices, can be correspondingly from non-working position to two adjacent Floating gear switches over.
The hydraulic system of double-clutch speed changer is shown with extremely simplified block diagram in fig. 2 a.It is grasped by means of hydraulic system Vertical clutch K1, K2 and gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22,23.A according to fig. 2, hydraulic system have high tension loop H and Low tension loop N.In high tension loop H, clutch K1, K2 and gear adjuster for wherein switching over hydraulic cylinder 22, 23 can store pressure p by the load of accumulator 25S, can be the magnitude of such as 30bar.For this purpose, the master coupled with accumulator 25 Pipeline 27 leads to clutch hydraulic cylinder 23 by clutch route 30,31, and leads to gear tune by gear adjusting circuit 32 Save device hydraulic cylinder 22.It is accordingly disposed with clutch valve in gear adjusting circuit and clutch route 30,31,32 or gear is adjusted Valve 35,38.Clutch valve or gear regulating valve 35,38 can be manipulated by central control unit 39 in a not shown manner.In addition, Control unit 39 is connect with 34 signal of pressure sensor.Pressure sensor 34 is accordingly obtained in first clutch K1 and the second clutch Existing hydraulic pressure at device K2.
Hydraulic system also has booster pump 53, connect in input side with oil sump 55.In order to be the pressurization of accumulator 25, it is pressurized Pump 53 can be manipulated by control unit 39 by motor 57.In addition, booster pump 53 is arranged in common drive with cooling pump 59 together On moving axis 60, which is driven by motor 57.Cooling pump 59 is connect in outlet side with the low pressure line 61 for leading to distributing valve 63. Dependent on the position of distributing valve 63, when there are cooling requirement, hydraulic fluid can lead to first clutch K1 and/or second by returning Clutch K2, and then returned and guided in oil sump 55.
In fig. 2 a, the main line 27 of high tension loop H is punished in branch part 65 into bypass line 67, is returned with low pressure The low pressure line 61 of road N connects.There is check-valves 69 described later in 65 arranged downstream of branch part.In addition, in bypass line Reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is integrated in 67.Reservoir pressure charging valve 71 can store pressure p according in high tension loop HSSize, And it is moved to pressurized state L and state of cooling K shown in Fig. 2 a.
Pressure p is stored in high tension loop HSIt, can be in no additional external energy using it as control pressure In the case of, automatically reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is adjusted.Here, reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is designed in this way, that is, as long as Pressure p is stored in high tension loop HSSuch as less than lower threshold, such as 25bar just make reservoir pressure charging valve be moved to pressurization In state L.As long as in addition, storing pressure pSMore than upper threshold value pmax, such as 28bar, just automatically move reservoir pressure charging valve 71 Into its state of cooling K.
In running, there is the pressure loss by controlled clutch K1, K2 and gear adjuster G1 to G4.This Outside, due to basis leakage, the i.e. other pressure losses of appearance due to valve gap etc. in high tension loop H.Thus pressure is stored Power pSIt is reduced between travelling the runtime.For storing pressure pSLower than lower threshold pminThe case where (that is, there are accumulator pressurization need Ask), so that reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is automatically moved to its pressurized state L (Fig. 2).When recognizing accumulator boost demand, control Unit 39 manipulates motor 57, with pressurization theoretical rotational speed.Thus supercharged hydraulic pump 53 can be pressurized for accumulator 25.At this In kind pressure operation, supercharged hydraulic pump 53 does work in the case where big pump load, and therefore with corresponding big practical consumption Electric current ImaxIt does work (Figure 11).If storing pressure pSMore than upper threshold value pmax(Figure 11), that is, no longer there is accumulator pressurization needs It asks, then reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is automatically moved in its state of cooling K.In state of cooling K, supercharged hydraulic pump 53 passes through this When the bypass line 67 opened hydraulic oil is transported in low tension loop N.High tension loop H passes through 69 pressure resistance ground quilt of check-valves simultaneously Closing.Correspondingly, supercharged hydraulic pump 53 is no longer done work with high pump load, but with reduced pump load and corresponding reduction Actual power consumption electric current IminIt does work (Figure 11).
As described above, control unit 39 controls motor 57, with pressurization when recognizing accumulator boost demand Theoretical rotational speed.In order to identify this accumulator boost demand, the pressure sensing in high tension loop H is eliminated according to the present invention Device or the state sensor in reservoir pressure charging valve 71.Instead, control unit 39 has assessment unit.Assessment unit and collection At the actual power consumption electric current I of the acquisition motor 57 in motor manipulation portionistCurrent measuring device 75 and obtain motor 57 reality Border revolving speed nist77 signal of speed probe connection.
It can be seen that the essential structure and working principle of accumulator 25 in figure 2b.Accordingly, accumulator 25 is piston cylinder list Member has the grease chamber 26 connecting with fluid pressure line 27,31,32 and is applied preloading pressure piston 27.It preloads herein for example It is realized by gas pressure existing at pressure piston 27.Alternatively, preloading can also be realized by spring.It is being emptied completely When grease chamber 26, pressure piston 27 (being represented by dotted lines in figure 2b) is preloaded power FVIt is pressed against on the stopper section 29 of accumulator 25. In other words, in the filling process, in order to overcome preload force FVAnd exists and be greater than and preload force FVRelevant preload pressure pVIt is hydraulic Pressure.
It is shown in figure 2b in the accumulator 25 being partially filled in state, exist by pressure piston 27 has wherein The hydraulic oil of pressure is stored to establish preload force FV.In the state being emptied completely, not by means of accumulator 25 to hydraulic tube Road 27,31 on-load pressures.On the contrary, in fluid pressure line 27,31,32, there are environmental pressure pU.The preparation of automatic transmission is run State is that all hydraulic pipeline 27,31,32 is filled and existed than preload pressure in fluid pressure line 27,31,32 by hydraulic oil pVBig hydraulic pressure, as soon as scheduled pressure difference especially bigger than preload pressure, stands thus without after cutting off booster pump 53 I.e. due to basis leakage and loss reserve operating status.
In fig. 2 a, control unit 39 has diagnostic module 79, can check pressurization situation using it, that is, can especially examine It looks into: the actual preload pressure p in accumulator 21VWhether with (that is, scheduled in structure) benchmark for providing in the description Preload pressure pVRefUnanimously.Program component needed for roughly being depicted in Fig. 3 thus.Therefore, diagnostic module 79 has and comments Estimate unit 80, it can be to the preload pressure p dependent on temperature stored in characterisitic family 83 using itVRefWith it is described later on Actually store pressure p S (tV) (Fig. 4) be compared.In preload pressure moment t described later onVReality is obtained by pressure sensor 34 Border stores pressure pS(tV).During diagnosing operation, the clutch valve 35 in one in clutch route 30,31 is constantly It opens, and the clutch valve 35 in another clutch route is closed.
In the case where accumulator function is intact, in preload pressure moment tVWhat is obtained actually stores pressure pS(tV) and base Quasi- preload pressure pVRefUnanimously.And in the case where significant preload pressure deviation, assessment unit 80 finds preload pressure failure, It is stored in preload pressure fault memorizer 81 (Fig. 3).If it find that accumulator 25 is normal, then by means of diagnostic module 79 Another assessment unit 82 (Fig. 4) executes clutch line diagnosis described later on.
Accumulator diagnosis (that is, preload pressure diagnosis) and clutch line diagnosis are illustrated by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 below: therefore, In order to prepare accumulator diagnosis, the grease chamber 26 of accumulator 25 is emptied completely, and will actually store pressure in hydraulic system pS(t) it is reduced to environmental pressure pU, so that in diagnosis start time tS(Fig. 4) can start accumulator diagnosis.The diagnosis illustrated before Entry condition is realized by the hydraulic cylinder 22,23 of controlled clutch K1, K2 and gear adjuster G1 to G4, such as in the upper surface of Fig. 4 Adjusting displacement schematic diagram in illustrate as.Therefore, hydraulic cylinder 22,23 by for corresponding clutch or gear regulating valve 35, 38 are powered intermittently to manipulate, until making since hydraulic fluid relevant to hydraulic cylinder manipulation is discharged by pressure sensor 34 What is obtained stores pressure pSIt is reduced to environmental pressure pU.This environmental pressure pUPresence can be obtained by pressure sensor 34.It replaces In generation, in this, can determine whether corresponding hydraulic cylinder 22,23 also have passed through tune by the position sensor 93 in hydraulic cylinder 22,23 Section moves s (Fig. 4).If it is not, then being inferred in hydraulic system that there are environmental pressure pU。
Close to moment tS(Fig. 4) starts to diagnose pressure operation, hydraulic booster pump 53 is manipulated wherein, with constant It is pressurized revolving speed nL(Fig. 4, the figure of lower section).Illustratively, it is passed first by means of the pressure being arranged in first clutch route 31 The acquisition of sensor 34 actually stores pressure curve pS(t), described in the schematic diagram of the centre such as it in Fig. 4.Therefore, it stores Pressure pSIt improves always until preload pressure moment tV, at the preload pressure moment, actually stored by what pressure sensor 34 obtained Pressure pS(tV) have reached accumulator preload pressure pV。
As described above, in the trouble-free situation of accumulator function, in preload pressure moment tVWhat is obtained actually stores pressure Power pS(tV) (in the case where considering temperature dependency) and benchmark preload pressure pVRefIt is identical.In preload pressure moment tVIt obtains What is taken actually stores pressure pS(tV) and benchmark preload pressure pVRefBetween when having obvious deviation, assessment unit 80 determines to preload pressure Power failure.In next diagnosis pressure operation, in preload pressure moment tVLater, the grease chamber 26 of accumulator 25 is filled, it is special It is not to keep pressure piston 27 mobile.
As shown in the figure among Fig. 4, pressure curve p is actually stored in diagnosis pressure operationS(t) with steeper pressure ladder DegreeRise, until reaching the preload pressure p in accumulator 25V(that is, until preload pressure moment tV).And in next mistake (that is, in preload pressure moment t in journeyVLater), pressure curve pS (t) is actually stored only with relatively slow barometric gradientOn It rises.The increasing pressure curve of characterization accumulator 25 is used for determining preload pressure moment t as follows2: therefore assessment unit 80 obtains It takes and actually stores pressure curve pS(t) barometric gradientIt is getting in barometric gradientWithBetween it is significant Change of gradient when, assessment unit 80 recognizes preload pressure moment tV。
If not recognizing preload pressure failure in above-mentioned preload pressure diagnosis, clutch is and then directly carried out Line diagnosis: simply continuing to the diagnosis pressure operation carried out during accumulator diagnoses thus, until pressure sensor 34 reaches To upper threshold value pmax(figure among Fig. 4).In the figure among Fig. 4, upper threshold value pmaxThan the preload pressure p of accumulator 25VGao Yi Pressure differential Δ p.After diagnosis pressure operation terminates, the second 82 pairs of assessment unit actually stores pressure curve pS(t) pressure GradientWith reference pressure gradientIt is compared, the reference pressure gradient is related to temperature to be stored in diagnostic module 79 In characterisitic family 84 (Fig. 3) in.Assessment unit 82 based on compare determine: actually storing pressure curve pSIt (t) is to deposit in In trouble-free pressure drop or the faulty pressure drop caused by leaking.
It should be pointed out that clutch line diagnosis only carries out under the following conditions: assessment unit 80 determines that there is no pre- Carry pressure fault.In accumulator 25 in the case where fault-free, faulty leakage can point clearly to clutch route 31.? When accumulator diagnoses and in clutch line diagnosis, the pressure-regulating valve 36 being arranged in connecting line 37 is closed, the company Adapter tube road 37 connect main line 27 with gear adjusting circuit 32.
In order to determine the confidence level of the result obtained in preload pressure diagnosis/clutch line diagnosis, can doubly hold Row is run by the diagnosis that first clutch route 31 illustrates above, especially by means of cloth in the range of the first son diagnosis A It sets in the pressure sensor 34 in first clutch route 31 and closes the clutch valve 35 in second clutch route 32 It closes.Then, above-mentioned diagnosis operation can be executed in the range of the second son diagnosis B, in particular with being arranged in second clutch Pressure sensor 34 in route 30 and close the clutch valve 35 in first clutch route 31.
There are when identical failure in the first son diagnosis of diagnosis A and second B, diagnostic module 79 may recognize that accumulator Failure, and clutch line fault is excluded with very big probability.When there are different fail results, diagnostic module 79 can be known It Chu not be in the leakage failure in one of two clutch routes 30,31.
Program mould needed for showing the gear adjusting circuit diagnosis of diagnostic module 79 in Fig. 5 with block diagram simplified roughly Block.The diagnosis of gear adjusting circuit is as follow-up diagnosis in time immediately in the later execution of clutch line diagnosis (Fig. 3), spy It is not under conditions of recognizing at least one clutch route 30,31 in clutch line diagnosis with trouble-free leakage. The pressure sensor 34 for being classified as trouble-free clutch route 30,31 (hereinafter referred to as benchmark clutch route) be used to borrow The gear adjusting circuit diagnosis for helping Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 to illustrate.
As shown in figure 5, diagnostic module 79 has third assessment unit 85, at the signal input part of the third assessment unit Pressure p is actually stored in the presence of what is obtained by pressure sensor 34S(t) and barometric gradient is actually storedBy means of assessment unit 85 The leakage situation of each gear adjusting circuit 32 of individual inspiration.When necessary, the leakage failure that will acquire is stored in fault memorizer In 87.
Illustrate that gear adjusting circuit diagnoses by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 below: therefore, diagnostic module 79, which is first turned on, is arranged in base Clutch valve 35 in quasi- clutch route 30 actually stores pressure curve p to obtainS(t).In addition, by hydraulic system Pressure-regulating valve 36 in connecting line 37 is opened, so as to the pressure sensor 34 being arranged in benchmark clutch route 30 with Press-in connection is established between gear adjusting circuit 32.Then diagnosis pressure operation is carried out by activation supercharged hydraulic pump 53.? It diagnoses in pressure operation, will actually store pressure pS(t) it improves to upper threshold value pmax(Fig. 6), until finish time taus.It is diagnosing After pressure operation terminates, that is, carve t at the endaus(Fig. 6), pressure sensor 34 is in measurement period Δ tMPeriod acquisition stores Pressure curve pS(t) barometric gradientAssessment unit 85 compares barometric gradientWith reference pressure gradient pRef, and And assessment is storing pressure curve pSIt (t) is that there are trouble-free pressure drops or faulty pressure drop (that is, gear tune in Save device leakage).
As shown in Figure 2 a, each gear regulating valve 35 being arranged in gear adjusting circuit 32 can be adjusted to a pass Disconnected valve position S and two venting valve positions D1, D2.In the gear adjusting circuit 32 that need to be checked, for each venting valve position D1 and D2 Individually carry out the diagnosis of gear adjusting circuit.That is, in each gear adjusting circuit 32, in the first venting valve of gear regulating valve 38 The diagnosis of gear adjuster is executed in the D1 of position and in the second venting valve position D2 of gear regulating valve 38.And in remaining gear tune Gear regulating valve 38 in nodel line road 32 remains switched in the S of shut-off valve position, so as to the gear adjusting circuit that need to be checked in diagnosis Measurement accuracy is improved when 32.Therefore, in measurement period Δ tMIn the barometric gradient that is obtained by pressure sensor 34It describes Common decompression in benchmark clutch route 30 and in the gear adjusting circuit 32 that need to be checked, the gear that need to be checked The gear regulating valve 38 of adjusting circuit is switched to one of two venting valve positions D1, D2.
Reference pressure gradient pRefFrom characterisitic family database, for example the characterisitic family data being shown in FIG. 3 It is read in library 83.In this case, the reference pressure gradient p that can be readRefCorresponding to the fault-free of benchmark clutch route 30 Basis leakage.Barometric gradient p is not only obtained in assessment unit 85K+G, and additionally obtain absolute pressure value, that is, it is surveying Measure period Δ tMAt the beginning of tStartActually store pressure pS(tStart) and in measurement finish time tEndActually store Pressure pS(tEnd).In this case, if meeting following condition: first in start time and finish time tStart、tEndIt Between there are the sufficiently large pressure difference that stores, and second pressure gradientCorresponding to reference pressure gradientThen assess list Member 85 recognizes trouble-free gear adjusting circuit 32.
Program module needed for showing the amount of the storing diagnosis of diagnostic module 79 in Fig. 7 with block diagram simplified roughly.It stores Storage diagnosis executes after gear adjuster diagnosis (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) in time as follow-up diagnosis, especially such as Execute under the conditions of lower: at least one gear adjusting circuit 32 of gear adjuster G1 to G4 is identified as in the diagnosis of gear adjuster It is trouble-free, and therefore can be used as benchmark gear adjusting circuit and diagnosed for the amount of storing.
As shown in fig. 7, diagnostic module 79 has assessment unit 89, to true in the amount of storing diagnosis in comparison module 97 The fixed hydraulic fluid discharge VE and benchmark amount of storing VrefIt is compared.When there are apparent deviation, the amount of storing event is recognized Barrier, and store it in fault memorizer 91.The benchmark amount of storing VrefIt can be read from storing in rating curve race for database Out, storage reference value related to temperature wherein.
In addition we know such as Fig. 7, assessment unit 89 and the gear adjuster being arranged in benchmark gear adjusting circuit 32 are hydraulic 93 signal of position sensor of cylinder 22 connects.During the amount of storing diagnosis, the gear in benchmark gear adjusting circuit 32 is manipulated Regulating valve 38, wherein the adjusting displacement s of the acquisition gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 of position sensor 93.It is adjusting displacement product Divide in device 95 and quadratures to obtain always adjusting displacement sges.It is total to adjust displacement sgesTotal displacement is converted into conversion module 96 VS.The hydraulic fluid leakage volume V that will be flowed out during the amount of storing diagnosisLThe total displacement that is added to VSOn.Thus obtained flow of pressurized V is discharged in bodyEIt is passed to above-mentioned comparison module 97.
The amount of storing diagnosis executes as follows: keeping accumulator 25 complete by hydraulic fluid in diagnosis pressure operation first Full packing, that is, until being pressurized to upper threshold value paus, in fig. 8 in cutting moment tausWhen reach the upper threshold value.Then, from beginning Moment tstart(its in fig. 8 with cutting moment tausIt unanimously) rises, in diagnosis period Δ tDIn intermittently manipulate baseline hydraulic cylinder 22, until due to the leakage volume V from hydraulic systemLWith discharge capacity VSAnd lead in hydraulic system that there are environmental pressure pU.Environment Pressure pUIt is not measured by pressure sensor, is identified in diagnostic module 79 indirectly, especially in the diagnosis period ΔtDFinish time tend(Fig. 8), at the moment, although benchmark control valve 35 is in venting valve position D1, D2, position sensor 93 no longer obtain adjusting displacement s.
During the amount of storing diagnosis, for one of clutch route 30,31 as benchmark clutch route and lead to base The load of benchmark gear adjusting circuit 32 of quasi- hydraulic cylinder 22, which is present in hydraulic system, stores pressure pS.And other gears are adjusted The hydraulic cylinder 22 of route 32 and other clutch routes and store pressure pSIt disengages.
Leakage volume VLDetermination can be based on being obtained in diagnosis before at clutch route 30 and in benchmark Barometric gradient at gear adjuster 22 carries out (such as the barometric gradient diagnosed according to the gear adjusting circuit of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).In assessment unit 89, make barometric gradientWith diagnosis period Δ tDIt is multiplied.The pressure differential Δ p so obtainedLTurning Leakage volume V is converted into parallel operation 98L。
It is examined in Fig. 9 with the transfer point at reservoir pressure charging valve 71 that block diagram simplified roughly shows diagnostic module 79 Break required program module.Switch instant diagnosis as follow-up diagnosis in time immediately in the amount of storing diagnosis (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) it After execute, especially execute under the following conditions: recognizing the believable amount of storing of accumulator 25 in the amount of storing diagnosis.
As shown in figure 9, diagnostic module 79 has assessment unit 105, checked in the range of switch instant diagnosis using it First switch instant tU1With the second switch instant tU2Whether credible, in the first switch instant, reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is automatically from it Pressurized state L is switched to its non pressurized state K, and in the second switch instant, reservoir pressure charging valve 71 is automatically non pressurized from its State K is switched in its pressurized state.For this purpose, assessment unit 105 determines, in the first switch instant tU1Actually store pressure pS (t) whether it is located at upper pressure threshold pmaxRange in.In addition, assessment unit 105 determines, in the second switch instant tU2, practical to store Deposit pressure pS(t) whether it is located at lower pressure threshold pminRange in.
In order to obtain two switch instant tU1And tU2, utilize the current measuring device 75 of motor 57.Current measuring device 75 Obtain the actual power consumption electric current I (t) of motor 57.Here, control unit 39 will be from high power consumption electric current ImaxTo low power consumption electric current Imin The transformation moment be determined as the first switch instant tU1.It will be from low power consumption electric current IminSupreme power consumption electric current ImaxThe transformation moment determine For the second switch instant tU2。
Pressure p is actually stored in order to obtainS(t), clutch route pressure sensor 34 is utilized.Its measurement range Δ pmess Except (Figure 11) is in Figure 11, that is, be lower than pressure threshold pmaxAnd pmin.It is thus impossible in two switch instant tU1、tU2Directly Acquisition actually stores pressure pS, it is located at measurement range Δ p in the two switch instants this is because actually storing pressuremessExcept.
It is determined by estimating in Fig. 9 in switch instant tU1And tU2Actually store pressure pS(t), especially by means of Interpolating module 107 is estimated.In interpolating module 107, based on measuring still in pressure sensor measurement range (Δ pmess) in Storing the pressure value p in pressure curvea(ta) and pb(tb) one time window Δ t of estimationsoll.In trouble-free reservoir pressure charging valve In operation, the first switch instant tU1Positioned at time window Δ tsollIt is interior.In Fig. 9 and Figure 11, time window Δ tsollWhen by two Carve t1And t2It defines.The first switch instant t is determined in subsequent comparison module 108U1It is to be located at time window Δ tsollIt is interior, still Positioned at time window Δ tsollOutside.If the first switch instant tU1Positioned at time window Δ tsollOutside, then fault condition is recognized simultaneously And it stores it in fault memorizer 109.
In Fig. 9, the diagnosis of only one is shown in program module, checks the first switch instant t whereinU1Whether Positioned at time window Δ tsollIn.Assessment unit 105 checks the second switch instant t in an identical mannerU2Whether be located at estimation when Between in window.
Program module needed for showing the valve opening diagnosis of diagnostic module 79 in Figure 10 with block diagram simplified roughly.Valve Aperture diagnosis executes after switch instant diagnosis (Fig. 9) in time as follow-up diagnosis, especially in following item It is executed under part: having identified that at least one believable switch instant t of pressurization reservoir valve 71 in switch instant diagnosisU1。
In Figure 10, diagnostic module 79 has assessment unit 99, determines in valve opening diagnosis in lower pressure threshold pmin With upper pressure threshold pmaxBetween practical valve opening Δ pist.The comparison module 101 of assessment unit 99 compares practical valve opening Δ pistWith theoretical valve opening Δ pRef.When there are significant deviation, recognizes fault condition and store it in failed storage In device 103.
In order to determine practical valve opening Δ pist, assessment unit 99, which determines, diagnoses period Δ tD.Diagnose period Δ tDWith first Switch instant tU1Start, and with subsequent second switch instant tU2Terminate.In the diagnosis period Δ t being defined aboveDIt is interior, diagnosis Module 79 activates baseline hydraulic cylinder 22, according to Figure 11 in diagnosis period Δ tDPeriod is by enduringly that is, intermittently back and forth It is mobile.By manipulating baseline hydraulic cylinder 22 and the hydraulic system leakage intrinsic based on system, in diagnosis period Δ tDPeriod is real Now store pressure decline Δ pE, correspond to practical valve opening Δ pist。
Store pressure decline Δ pE, i.e. practical valve opening Δ pistDetermination by means of the program module that is shown in FIG. 10 It carries out: therefore, by position sensor 93, in diagnosis period Δ tDThe piston of period adjusts displacement s product in integrator 94 Get total adjust and is displaced sges.Thus decompression Δ p relevant to the manipulation of gear adjuster is calculated in conversion module 95B.With gear Position adjuster manipulates relevant decompression Δ pBIn summator and by leaking caused decompression Δ pLIt is added, thus obtains examining Disconnected period Δ tDPeriod stores pressure decline Δ pE.Baseline hydraulic cylinder 22 depressurizes Δ p caused by leakingLBefore Diagnosis in be determined.
As shown in Figure 2 a, the safety that can be manipulated by electronic control unit 39 is connected with before two clutch routes 30,31 Valve 28.Safety valve 28 being maneuvered to closed position and flow passing position.In a closed position, the two clutch routes 30,31 It is disengaged with 25 pressure of accumulator.In flow passing position, pressure p can be stored for two loads of clutch route 30,31S.If control Unit 39 processed gets the functional fault of clutch valve 35 at least one of clutch route 30,31, can be for peace Full property reason makes safety valve 28 be moved to its closed position.In normal running, it is logical that safety valve 28 is enduringly in it It flows in position.
Program module needed for showing the safety valve diagnosis of diagnostic module 79 in Figure 12 with simplified block diagram.Safety valve Diagnosis can be executed independently of other diagnosis algorithms.In safety valve diagnosis, safety valve 28 is in diagnosis start time tStart(figure 13) it is switched in closed position from flow passing position, thus adjusts the actual reduced pressure Δ p in 28 downstream of safety valveist.Diagnostic module 79 have assessment unit 111, comparison actual reduced pressure Δ pistΔ p is depressurized with theorysoll.When there are significant deviation, identification To fault condition and store it in safety failure memory 113.
In order to obtain actual reduced pressure Δ pist, using above-mentioned clutch pressure sensor 34.
The execution of safety valve diagnosis is illustrated by Figure 12 and Figure 13 below: for flawless measurement accuracy, being manipulated hydraulic Pump 53 is with constant rotational speed nprüf, to guarantee sufficiently large to store pressure p in high tension loop HS, according to Figure 13 In upper pressure threshold pmaxWith lower pressure threshold pminBetween move.The clutch valve 35 of benchmark clutch route 30 or 31 is than above-mentioned At the beginning of tStartIt is adjusted in its flow passing position to early time offset Δ t, so as in clutch valve 35 and clutch fluid Pressure sensor 34 between cylinder pressure 23 can get actual reduced pressure Δ pist.It, will not be practical during time offset Δ t The hydraulic pressure being present at clutch hydraulic cylinder 22 is read from pressure sensor 34 to be given assessment unit 111 (Figure 12), but is read Take measurement range Δ pmessPressure upper limit.
In diagnosis start time tStart, safety valve 28 is switched to its closed position S from its flow passing position D.Thus cause Decompression pistIt is got by pressure sensor 34, and in assessment unit 111 compared with theory decompression.
Program needed for showing the delivered volume flow diagnostic of diagnostic module 79 in Figure 14 with block diagram simplified roughly Module.Delivered volume flow diagnostic executes after the amount of storing diagnosis (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) in time as follow-up diagnosis, It especially executes under the following conditions: recognizing the believable amount of storing of accumulator 25 in the amount of storing diagnosis.
As shown in figure 14, in order to diagnose using gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22, pass through gear adjuster 32 and pressure Sensor 25 connects.It is connected with gear regulating valve 38 before gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22, can be manipulated by control unit 39, with Just the hydraulic pressure being present at gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 is adjusted.Gear regulating valve 38 can be moved to two flow passing positions D1, D2, so as to piston 33 in opposite piston stroke with piston speedS is displaced in the adjusting shown1、s2Above, exist It is moved in hydraulic cylinder regulator 22.In Figure 14, hydraulic cylinder is divided into the working chamber of piston rod side and therewith deviated from by piston 33 Working chamber, it is both described to be connect by hydraulic control circuit 41 with gear regulating valve 38.By means of gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 Piston rod 43 can manipulate unshowned gear adjuster G1.This gear adjuster manipulation in, electronic control unit 39 with Known mode control gear regulating valve 38 so that one of in flow passing position D1, D2, to realize piston rod movement.Piston V is discharged with the hydraulic fluid from hydraulic system in stroke1、V2(discharge capacity) is associated.Based on known to gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 Interior geometry known to corresponding discharge capacity V1、V2.Furthermore position sensor 93 is set, can be obtained using it corresponding Piston speed in piston stroke
Illustrate delivered volume flow diagnostic by Figure 14 and Figure 15 below: therefore, first in decompression period Δ tR(Figure 15) In deactivate hydraulic pump 53 first, and at the same time intermittently manipulating gear regulating valve 38 by electronic control unit 39, such as scheming Illustrated in the adjusting displacement diagram of 15 centre.In decompression period Δ tRIn, make gear by manipulating gear regulating valve 38 Adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 moves back and forth, until due to by leak caused by hydraulic fluid discharge and due to by manipulate caused by it is hydraulic Fluid is discharged (that is, discharge capacity V1、V2), store pressure pS(t) it is down to environmental pressure pU.In this state, accumulator 25 is arranged completely It is empty.And then diagnosis period Δ t is realizedDBeginning (tstart).In diagnosis period Δ tDThe middle pressure operation for carrying out hydraulic pump 53, Hydraulic pump is manipulated wherein, with different inspection revolving speed n1 and n2.Meanwhile to control valve 35 its flow passing position D1, It is intermittently adjusted between D2.This cause piston 33 in gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22 in opposite piston stroke with Piston speedDisplacement s is adjusted in piston1、s2On move back and forth in gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder 22.
Position sensor 93 obtains the individual adjusting displacement s of each piston stroke1、s2And the work of each piston stroke Fill in speedIn addition, obtaining in diagnosis period Δ tDThe piston stroke quantity a (Figure 14) of period.These data are conducted To the signal input part of conversion module 115, mean piston speed is calculated in the quantity a of the piston stroke wherein based on acquisitionBased on mean piston speedActual fed volume flow V is calculated in conversion module 115ist.In signalling technique Compare actual fed volume flow V in the assessment unit 113 of upper postpositionistWith theoretical delivered volume flow Vsoll, especially examining Consider in diagnosis period Δ tDIt is compared in the case where corresponding inspection the revolving speed n1 and n2 of period.If in assessment unit Significant deviation is obtained in 113, then recognizes fault condition, is stored in fault memorizer 117.
As shown in figure 16, all fault memorizers 81,83,87,91,103,109,117 and 120 signal of analytical unit connect It connects, the fault-signal generated in fault memorizer can be read in analytical unit.Evaluation square is stored in analytical unit 120 Battle array, is wherein summarizing the fault-signal from fault memorizer 81,83,87,91,103,109,117.
In view of comprehensive hydraulic system diagnoses, analytical unit 120 is by all fault-signals of evaluations matrix combination evaluation. Therefore, finally fault-signal and uncontested, i.e. flawless functional diagnosis are made comparisons in analytical unit 120, thus Realize the qualification appraisal for the components being mounted in hydraulic system.Do not dismantle hydraulic system and do not have visual examination equipment/ The evaluation is realized in the case where measuring technique.In this way, can be in nothing by carrying out inspection in the state of installation (in the car) Shorten the maintenance and repair time in the case where disassembly cost, reliably detects out defect component, reduces repetition maintenance and do not use Analysis-testing stand facility.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of hydraulic system for the automatic transmission of motor vehicle, especially double-clutch speed changer, the hydraulic system have High tension loop (H) is connected with accumulator (25), at least one clutch (K1, K2) and gear adjuster in high tension loop (G1 to G4), the hydraulic system have the low tension loop (N) for cooling down clutch (K1), high tension loop (H) and low tension loop (N) with the hydraulic pump (53) that at least one can be driven by motor (57), the hydraulic system is with control unit (39), the control Unit processed manipulates the motor (57) of hydraulic pump (53), high tension loop (H) and low tension loop when recognizing accumulator boost demand (N) it is connected by bypass conduit (57) with integrated reservoir pressure charging valve (71), the reservoir pressure charging valve is in non pressurized state (K) so that hydraulic pump (53) is connected on fluid technique in low tension loop (N), make hydraulic pump (53) in pressurized state (L) It is connected on fluid technique with high tension loop (H), when storing pressure (p in high tension loop (H)S) it is more than upper pressure threshold (pmax) when, reservoir pressure charging valve (71) is in the first switch instant (tU1) automatically non pressurized state is moved to from pressurized state (L) (K), when storing pressure (pS) it is lower than lower pressure threshold (pmin) when, reservoir pressure charging valve is in the second switch instant (tU2) automatically Pressurized state (L) is moved to from non pressurized state (K), which is characterized in that described control unit (39) has diagnostic module (79), Valve opening is executed using the diagnostic module to diagnose, and in valve opening diagnosis, can determine that in lower pressure threshold (pmin) and upper pressure threshold It is worth (pmax) between practical valve opening (Δ pist), diagnostic module (79) has assessment unit (99), which will be practical Valve opening (Δ pist) and theoretical valve opening (Δ psoll) compare, fault condition is recognized when there are obvious deviation, the failure Situation can be stored in valve opening fault memorizer (103).
2. hydraulic system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in order to determine practical valve opening (Δ pist), assessment is single First (99) determine diagnosis period (Δ tD), the diagnosis period is with the first switch instant (tU1) start and with the second switch instant (tU2) Terminate, in the diagnosis period (Δ tD) in, due to manipulating and since the leakage of hydraulic system occurs for baseline hydraulic cylinder (22) Store pressure decline (Δ pist), it is corresponding with practical valve opening that this stores pressure decline.
3. hydraulic system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in order in diagnosis period (Δ tD) during stored Pressure declines (Δ pist), baseline hydraulic cylinder (22) has position sensor (93), which obtains in gear adjuster Piston when manipulation adjusts displacement, and (Δ s), diagnostic module (79) will be in diagnosis period (Δ tD) during piston adjust displacement (Δ S) it quadratures to obtain always adjusting displacement (sges), and thus calculate pressure decline (Δ associated with the manipulation of gear adjuster pB), assessment unit (99) declines (Δ p by pressure associated with the manipulation of gear adjusterB) decline with pressure caused by leakage (ΔpL) the sum of come determine store pressure decline (Δ pE)。
4. according to claim 1, hydraulic system described in any one of 2 or 3, which is characterized in that in reservoir pressure charging valve (71) Pressurized state (L) in, hydraulic pump (53) is with high pump load and with big power consumption electric current (Imax) acting, in non pressurized shape Hydraulic pump (53) is with low pump load and with low power consumption electric current (I in state (K)min) acting.
5. hydraulic system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be assigned current measuring device for control unit (39) (75), the actual power consumption electric current (I (t)) of motor (57) can be obtained using the current measuring device, control unit (39) will be from height Power consumption electric current (Imax) arrive low power consumption electric current (Imin) the transformation moment be identified as the first switch instant (tU1), and will be from low Power consumption electric current (Imin) arrive high power consumption electric current (Imax) the transformation moment be identified as the second switch instant (tU2)。
6. hydraulic system according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that baseline hydraulic cylinder (22) is gear Adjuster hydraulic cylinder is disposed in the benchmark gear adjusting circuit (32) for leading to baseline hydraulic cylinder (22) from accumulator (25) The gear regulating valve (38) that can be manipulated by control unit (39), can be adjusted using the gear regulating valve through baseline hydraulic cylinder (22) Volume flow.
7. hydraulic system according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that valve opening diagnosis is examined as subsequent It is disconnected to be carried out after switch instant diagnosis in time, determine in switch instant diagnosis, in the first switch instant (tU1) practical Store pressure (pS(t)) whether it is located at upper pressure threshold (pmax) in the range of, wherein switch instant can be stored in fault condition In fault memorizer (109).
8. hydraulic system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that lead to clutch from accumulator (25) at least one In the clutch route (30,31) of hydraulic cylinder (23), it is disposed with the clutch valve (35) that can be manipulated by control unit (39), is utilized The clutch valve can adjust at clutch hydraulic cylinder (23) existing for hydraulic pressure, be assigned pressure for electronic control unit (39) Force snesor (34), using the pressure sensor can obtain at clutch hydraulic cylinder (23) existing for hydraulic pressure.
9. hydraulic system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that utilize clutch route during switch instant diagnosis Pressure sensor (34) acquisition actually stores pressure (pS(t))。
10. hydraulic system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that measurement range (the Δ p of pressure sensor (34)mess) In upper pressure threshold (pmax) except, i.e. lower than pressure threshold on this, assessment unit (107) is based on measuring model in pressure sensor Enclose (Δ pmess) in the pressure value (p that measuresa(ta)、pb(tb)) evaluation time window (Δ tsoll), the in the operation of trouble-free valve One switch instant (tU1) be located in the time window, as the first switch instant (tU1) it is located at the time window (Δ tsoll) it is outer when recognize Fault condition, the fault condition can be stored in fault memorizer (109).
11. the hydraulic system according to any one of claim 2 to 10, which is characterized in that in diagnosis period (Δ tD) during Stored pressure (pS(t)) components, especially clutch hydraulic cylinder (23) and/or the gear adjuster hydraulic cylinder (22) loaded It is middle to generate the decline of the pressure caused by leaking (Δ pL)。
12. hydraulic system according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the pressure caused by leaking declines (Δ pL) It is carried out according to diagnosis or leakage measuring instrumentation before.
13. hydraulic system according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that switch instant diagnosis as when Between on the amount of storing diagnosis and gear adjusting circuit diagnosis after follow-up diagnosis be performed.
14. hydraulic system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the amount of storing can be carried out using diagnostic module (79) and examined Disconnected, wherein the assessment unit (89) of diagnostic module (79) is by the actually amount of the storing (V of accumulator (25)E) with the base of accumulator (25) The standard amount of storing (Vref) compare, and fault condition is recognized when there are obvious deviation, which can be stored in storage In storage fault memorizer (91).
15. a kind of for diagnosing to the components in hydraulic system according to any one of the preceding claims Method.
CN201780047768.6A 2016-08-03 2017-08-01 Hydraulic system for an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle Active CN109563858B (en)

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