CN109560552B - Pricing method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium for power grid distribution - Google Patents

Pricing method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium for power grid distribution Download PDF

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CN109560552B
CN109560552B CN201811391360.3A CN201811391360A CN109560552B CN 109560552 B CN109560552 B CN 109560552B CN 201811391360 A CN201811391360 A CN 201811391360A CN 109560552 B CN109560552 B CN 109560552B
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power
power grid
line
flow data
power flow
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CN109560552A (en
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冷媛
辜炜德
陈政
金东亚
黄国日
宋艺航
张翔
杨再敏
荆朝霞
谢文锦
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Energy Development Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
    • H02J2103/30—
    • H02J2105/55—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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Abstract

The computer equipment calculates the maximum power flow data of a power grid line under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to a pre-established maximum power supply capacity optimization model of the power grid, and calculates the power flow data of the power grid according to a preset power flow equation; then, taking the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition of line extension, and acquiring extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data; and calculating the cost change value of each line before and after the power change of the node according to the extension time, and calculating the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value. By adopting the method, the power grid cost can be shared according to the influence of the node load on the reliability cost of the power grid when the power distribution pricing of the power grid is carried out, so that the power grid cost is more fairly and reasonably shared, and the fair competition of the power market is facilitated.

Description

电网配电的定价方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质Pricing method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium for power grid distribution

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电力行业输配电定价的技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于电网最 大供电能力的电网配电的定价方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质。The present invention relates to the technical field of power transmission and distribution pricing in the power industry, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for pricing power grid power distribution based on the maximum power supply capability of the power grid.

背景技术Background technique

目前在实际应用中，我国的配电定价主要采用邮票法，在该方法中，各电 网用户对电网的可靠性成本进行分摊。At present, in practical application, my country's distribution pricing mainly adopts the stamp method, in which each power grid user shares the reliability cost of the power grid.

但是，上述方法未反映不同的用户对电网的可靠性成本的影响，缺乏合理 性。However, the above method does not reflect the influence of different users on the reliability cost of the power grid, and lacks rationality.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

基于此，有必要针对上述技术问题，提供一种基于电网最大供电能力的电 网配电的定价方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pricing method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for grid power distribution based on the maximum power supply capacity of the grid in response to the above technical problems.

一种电网配电的定价方法，所述方法包括：A pricing method for power grid distribution, the method comprising:

根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在电网最大供电能力下 电网的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网的潮流数据；Calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation;

将所述最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据所述潮流数据获取电 网各线路的扩建时长；Taking the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition for line expansion, and obtaining the extension time of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data;

根据所述扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值；Calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion time;

根据所述成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。The marginal price of each node is calculated according to the cost change value.

在其中一个实施例中，所述根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网的潮流数据， 包括根据预设的电网线路参数和负荷参数，以及预设的潮流方程，获取电网各 个线路的第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据；所述第一潮流数据为当前运行状态下 所述各个线路的潮流数据，所述第二潮流数据为电网中其中一个节点增加单位 功率负荷后，所述各个线路的潮流数据。In one embodiment, the calculating the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation includes obtaining the first power flow data of each line of the power grid according to the preset power grid line parameters and load parameters, and the preset power flow equation and the second power flow data; the first power flow data is the power flow data of each line in the current operating state, and the second power flow data is the power flow data of each line after a unit power load is added to one of the nodes in the power grid .

在其中一个实施例中，所述将所述最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件， 根据所述潮流数据获取电网各线路的扩建时长，包括获取所述最大潮流数据与 所述第一潮流数据的第一差值，并根据所述第一差值和所述电网预设的负荷增 长率，获取电网各线路的第一扩建时长；获取所述最大潮流数据与所述第二潮 流数据的第二差值，并根据所述第二差值和所述电网预设的负荷增长率，获取 电网各线路的第二扩建时长。In one embodiment, taking the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition for line expansion, and acquiring the extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data, including acquiring the difference between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data The first difference value, and according to the first difference value and the preset load growth rate of the power grid, obtain the first expansion time of each line of the power grid; obtain the second power flow data of the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data. The difference value is obtained, and according to the second difference value and the preset load growth rate of the power grid, the second expansion duration of each line of the power grid is obtained.

在其中一个实施例中，所述将所述最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件， 根据所述潮流数据获取电网各线路的扩建时长，包括采用如下公式计算第一扩 建时长：In one embodiment, the maximum power flow data is used as a boundary condition for line expansion, and the expansion duration of each line of the power grid is obtained according to the power flow data, including calculating the first expansion duration by using the following formula:

Figure BDA0001874109270000021
Figure BDA0001874109270000021

其中，Ti线路i的第一扩建时长，Pi,best为线路i的最大潮流数据，Pi,begin为线路 i的第一潮流数据，r为所述电网的负荷增长率；Wherein, T i is the first expansion duration of line i, P i,best is the maximum power flow data of line i, P i,begin is the first power flow data of line i, and r is the load growth rate of the power grid;

在第一节点增加单位功率负荷后，采用如下公式计算第二扩建时长：After the unit power load is increased at the first node, the following formula is used to calculate the second expansion time:

Figure BDA0001874109270000031
Figure BDA0001874109270000031

其中，Ti,new线路i的第二扩建时长，Pi,new为线路i的第二潮流数据。Among them, T i,new is the second expansion time of line i, and P i,new is the second power flow data of line i.

在其中一个实施例中，所述根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型， 计算在电网最大供电能力下电网线路的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程， 计算电网的潮流数据，包括采用Berders分解法求解对所述预先建立的电网最大 供电能力优化模型，获取所述电网中各个线路的最大潮流数据；根据预设的电 网线路参数和负荷参数，采用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解预设的潮流方程，获取所述第 一潮流数据和所述第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, the maximum power flow data of the power grid line under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid is calculated according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and the power flow data of the power grid is calculated according to the preset power flow equation, including using The Berders decomposition method is used to solve the optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the pre-established power grid, and the maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid is obtained; according to the preset power grid line parameters and load parameters, the Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the preset The power flow equation is used to obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.

在其中一个实施例中，所述根据所述扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各 线路的成本变化值，包括根据所述第一扩建时长、第二扩建时长、预设的各个 线路的投资成本和预设的折现率，获取节点功率变化前后的第一净现值和第二 净现值；获取所述第一净现值和所述第二净现值的差值，确定为所述各个线路 的成本变化值。In one embodiment, the calculation of the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion duration includes the first expansion duration, the second expansion duration, the preset investment cost of each line and The preset discount rate, obtain the first net present value and the second net present value before and after the node power change; obtain the difference between the first net present value and the second net present value, and determine it as the respective The cost change value for the line.

在其中一个实施例中，所述根据所述成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格， 包括对所述各个线路的成本变化值进行求和，获取所述其中一个节点的边际价 格。In one of the embodiments, the calculating the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value includes summing the cost change values of the various lines to obtain the marginal price of one of the nodes.

一种电网配电的定价装置，所述装置包括：A device for pricing power grid power distribution, the device includes:

第一计算模块，用于根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在 电网最大供电能力下电网的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网 的潮流数据；The first calculation module is used to calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation;

获取模块，用于将所述最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据所述 潮流数据获取电网各线路的扩建时长；an acquisition module, configured to use the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition for line expansion, and obtain the expansion duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data;

第二计算模块，用于根据所述扩建时长计算第一节点功率变化前后的各线 路的成本变化值；a second calculation module, configured to calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the power change of the first node according to the expansion duration;

第三计算模块，用于根据所述成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。The third calculation module is configured to calculate the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value.

一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序， 所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述电网配电的定价方法的步骤。A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned pricing method for power distribution in a power grid.

一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处 理器执行时实现上述电网配电的定价方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for pricing power grid distribution.

上述电网配电的定价方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质，计算机设备根 据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在电网最大供电能力下电网的 最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算出电网的潮流数据；然后，将最 大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据潮流数据来获取电网各线路的扩建 时长；根据扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值，并根据成 本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。由于计算机设备将最大潮流数据作为边界条 件，获得了电网各线路的扩建时长，并根据上述扩建时长计算出节点功率变化 前后的各线路成本的变化值，有效地将节点功率的变化转换为电网成本的变化； 因此，在进行电网配电定价时，可以根据节点负荷对电网可靠性成本的影响来 分摊电网成本，使电网成本分摊更为公平合理，有利于电力市场的公平竞争。The above pricing method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for power distribution of the power grid, the computer equipment calculates the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and according to the preset power flow equation, Calculate the power flow data of the power grid; then, take the maximum power flow data as the boundary condition of line expansion, and obtain the expansion time of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data; The cost change value calculates the marginal price of each node. Since the computer equipment takes the maximum power flow data as the boundary condition, the expansion time of each line of the power grid is obtained, and the change value of the cost of each line before and after the node power change is calculated according to the above expansion time, and the change of the node power is effectively converted into the power grid cost. Therefore, in the power grid distribution pricing, the grid cost can be apportioned according to the influence of the node load on the grid reliability cost, so that the grid cost apportionment is more fair and reasonable, which is conducive to fair competition in the power market.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的应用示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of an application of a pricing method for power distribution in a power grid in one embodiment;

图2为一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的流程示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a pricing method for grid power distribution in one embodiment;

图3为另一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的流程示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a pricing method for grid power distribution in another embodiment;

图4为另一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的流程示意图；4 is a schematic flowchart of a pricing method for grid power distribution in another embodiment;

图5为一个实施例中电网配电的定价装置的结构框图；FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a pricing device for power grid distribution in one embodiment;

图6为一个实施例中计算机设备的内部结构图。FIG. 6 is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实 施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处描述的具体实施例仅仅 用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.

本申请提供的电网配电的定价方法，可以应用于对电网的各个节点确定配 电价格。如图1所示为一个简单的电网网络，其中BUS1、BUS2和BUS3为电 网的3个节点，L1、L2和L3为通过上述三个节点连接的3条电网线路。实际 在用的电网，其节点和线路的数量较大，且连接关系复杂，本申请提供的电网 配电的定价方法，可以应用于对各种规模的电网进行配电定价。The pricing method for power grid power distribution provided by this application can be applied to determine the power distribution price for each node of the power grid. Figure 1 shows a simple power grid network, in which BUS1, BUS2 and BUS3 are three nodes of the power grid, and L1, L2 and L3 are three power grid lines connected through the above three nodes. The actual power grid in use has a large number of nodes and lines, and the connection relationship is complex. The pricing method for power grid power distribution provided in this application can be applied to power distribution pricing for power grids of various scales.

需要说明的是，本发明实施例的执行主体可以是电网配电的定价装置，其 可以通过软件、硬件、或者软硬件结合的方式实现成为计算机设备的部分或者 全部。下述方法实施例以执行主体是计算机设备为例来进行说明。It should be noted that the executive body of the embodiment of the present invention may be a pricing device for power distribution in the power grid, which may be implemented as part or all of computer equipment through software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. The following method embodiments are described by taking the execution subject being a computer device as an example.

在一个实施例中，如图2所示，提供了一种电网配电的定价方法，包括以 下步骤：In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, a pricing method for power grid distribution is provided, comprising the following steps:

S101、根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在电网最大供电 能力下电网的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网的潮流数据。S101. Calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to a pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to a preset power flow equation.

计算机设备在确定一个电网中的各个节点的配电价格时，可以先根据该电 网的线路参数和负荷数据，对该电网的最大供电能力优化模型进行求解，获得 该电网在最大供电能力下的最大潮流数据。其中，上述电网的线路参数包括电 网的线路阻抗以及线路的额定容量。When determining the power distribution price of each node in a power grid, the computer equipment can first solve the optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the line parameters and load data of the power grid, and obtain the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity. trend data. Wherein, the line parameters of the power grid include the line impedance of the power grid and the rated capacity of the line.

潮流计算是电力系统的一种基本电气计算，主要是根据给定的运行条件和 网络结果确定整个系统的运行状态，可以在给定电网的线路参数和负荷数据的 情况下，计算出分布在电网中的各个线路的功率，即为电网的潮流数据；进一 步地，最大潮流数据可以是电网达到最大供电能力时的各个线路的功率。Power flow calculation is a basic electrical calculation of the power system. It mainly determines the operating state of the entire system according to the given operating conditions and network results. The power of each line in is the power flow data of the power grid; further, the maximum power flow data may be the power of each line when the power grid reaches the maximum power supply capacity.

其中，电网的最大供电能力优化模型如下：Among them, the maximum power supply capacity optimization model of the power grid is as follows:

Figure BDA0001874109270000061
Figure BDA0001874109270000061

Figure BDA0001874109270000062
Figure BDA0001874109270000062

Figure BDA0001874109270000063
Figure BDA0001874109270000063

Figure BDA0001874109270000064
Figure BDA0001874109270000064

Figure BDA0001874109270000065
Figure BDA0001874109270000065

Figure BDA0001874109270000066
Figure BDA0001874109270000066

Figure BDA0001874109270000067
Figure BDA0001874109270000067

其中，n为电网中的节点数量；上标k＝0表示电网的当前状态，k≠0时表示 电网在当前状态下断开k条线路的状态；(i,j)表示首末端分别为节点i,j的线路； B为线路集合，C为节点集合；xc为优化模型的决策变量向量，Si为节点i的视 在功率；

Figure BDA0001874109270000068
为节点i的功率因数角；
Figure BDA0001874109270000069
和
Figure BDA00018741092700000610
表示节点i的有功功率和无功功率，
Figure BDA00018741092700000611
Gij和Bij分别表示节点导纳矩阵第i行第j列元素的实部和虚部；
Figure BDA00018741092700000612
Vi 分别为节点i的电压幅值上限制和下限值；
Figure BDA00018741092700000613
Si 分别为节点i视在功率的上 限值和下限值；
Figure BDA00018741092700000614
θij 分别为支路(i,j)两端电压相角差的上限值和下限值；Sij为 支路(i,j)的视在功率，
Figure BDA00018741092700000615
为支路(i,j)的视在功率的上限值，即支路(i,j)的热稳极 限。方程(1)表示上述最大优化模型的优化目标，即
Figure BDA00018741092700000616
最大；上述方程 (2)和(3)为潮流方程，用于计算电网各节点功率值
Figure BDA00018741092700000617
和
Figure BDA00018741092700000618
以及节点电压 Vi，方程(4)-(7)通过潮流方程计算出的各个潮流数据需要满足的限定条件。Among them, n is the number of nodes in the power grid; the superscript k=0 indicates the current state of the power grid, and k≠0 indicates that the power grid disconnects k lines in the current state; (i, j) indicates that the head and the end are nodes respectively i, j lines; B is the line set, C is the node set; x c is the decision variable vector of the optimization model, S i is the apparent power of node i;
Figure BDA0001874109270000068
is the power factor angle of node i;
Figure BDA0001874109270000069
and
Figure BDA00018741092700000610
represents the active power and reactive power of node i,
Figure BDA00018741092700000611
G ij and B ij represent the real part and the imaginary part of the element in the i-th row and the j-th column of the node admittance matrix, respectively;
Figure BDA00018741092700000612
V i are the upper limit and lower limit of the voltage amplitude of node i, respectively;
Figure BDA00018741092700000613
S i are the upper limit and lower limit of the apparent power of node i, respectively;
Figure BDA00018741092700000614
θ ij is the upper limit value and lower limit value of the voltage phase angle difference between the two ends of the branch (i, j) respectively; S ij is the apparent power of the branch (i, j),
Figure BDA00018741092700000615
is the upper limit of the apparent power of the branch (i, j), that is, the thermal stability limit of the branch (i, j). Equation (1) represents the optimization objective of the above maximum optimization model, namely
Figure BDA00018741092700000616
maximum; the above equations (2) and (3) are power flow equations, which are used to calculate the power value of each node of the power grid
Figure BDA00018741092700000617
and
Figure BDA00018741092700000618
As well as node voltage V i , equations (4)-(7) are the constraints that each power flow data calculated through the power flow equation needs to meet.

计算机设备根据电网的线路参数和负荷数据，可以获取上述模型中的

Figure BDA0001874109270000071
Figure BDA0001874109270000072
的初始值、Gij和Bij的值，根据电网实际情况，设定上述模型中的各个上限值 和下限值，对上述非线性方程组进行求解，可以获得电网中通过各个节点向电 网注入的功率值，即为节点功率，然后根据现有的计算工具，可以计算出电网 中各个线路的最大潮流数据。可选地，可以采用Berders分解法求解上述优化模 型，获取所述电网的最大潮流数据。According to the line parameters and load data of the power grid, the computer equipment can obtain the above model.
Figure BDA0001874109270000071
Figure BDA0001874109270000072
The initial value of , G ij and B ij , according to the actual situation of the power grid, set the upper and lower limit values in the above model, and solve the above nonlinear equations, you can get the power grid through each node to the power grid The injected power value is the node power, and then according to the existing calculation tools, the maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid can be calculated. Optionally, the Berders decomposition method can be used to solve the above-mentioned optimization model to obtain the maximum power flow data of the power grid.

进一步地，计算机设备可以根据上述模型中的潮流方程，基于电网的当前 运行状态，获取潮流数据。上述潮流数据可以包括电网当前运行状态下的潮流 数据，还可以包括在当前运行状态下，电网中的节点功率变化后的潮流数据。Further, the computer equipment can obtain the power flow data based on the current operating state of the power grid according to the power flow equation in the above model. The above-mentioned power flow data may include the power flow data in the current operating state of the power grid, and may also include the power flow data after the node power in the power grid changes in the current operating state.

可选地，上述潮流数据可以包括第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据，其中第一 潮流数据为当前运行状态下各个线路的潮流数据；第二潮流数据为电网中其中 一个节点增加单位功率负荷后，各个线路的潮流数据。将上述潮流方程中的

Figure BDA0001874109270000073
Figure BDA0001874109270000074
的初始值设置为当前状态下的节点的有功功率和无功功率时，可以得到第一 潮流数据；进一步地，调整当前状态下的节点的有功功率和无功功率，例如在 当前有功功率的基础上增加1兆瓦，将调整后的有功功率和无功功率设置为潮 流方程中的
Figure BDA0001874109270000075
的初始值，可以得到第二潮流数据。Optionally, the above-mentioned power flow data may include first power flow data and second power flow data, wherein the first power flow data is the power flow data of each line in the current operating state; , the power flow data of each line. Put in the above power flow equation
Figure BDA0001874109270000073
Figure BDA0001874109270000074
When the initial value of the node is set to the active power and reactive power of the node in the current state, the first power flow data can be obtained; further, adjust the active power and reactive power of the node in the current state, for example, on the basis of the current active power add 1 MW to the power flow, and set the adjusted active and reactive power to
Figure BDA0001874109270000075
The initial value of , the second power flow data can be obtained.

在对潮流方程进行求解时，可以采取不同的方式，可选地，计算机设备可 以采用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解上述潮流方程，获取第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据。When solving the power flow equation, different methods can be adopted. Optionally, the computer equipment can use the Newton-Raphson method to solve the above-mentioned power flow equation to obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.

S102、将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据潮流数据获取电网 各线路的扩建时长。S102, take the maximum power flow data as the boundary condition of line expansion, and obtain the extension time of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data.

其中，在对各个线路进行扩建时，线路的功率不能超过最大潮流数据，因 此，可以将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件。上述扩建时长是指电网中 的各个线路的功率增长到最大潮流数据时所需要的时长。Among them, when expanding each line, the power of the line cannot exceed the maximum power flow data, so the maximum power flow data can be used as the boundary condition for line expansion. The above expansion time refers to the time required for the power of each line in the grid to increase to the maximum power flow data.

具体地，电网的扩建时长与上述电网的负荷增长方式有关，例如，对于某 一电网，电网的负荷可以按照每年增加一定的负荷功率值的方式增长，可以按 照上述增长加的负荷功率值，来确定电网中线路的视在功率达到最大潮流数据 的时长；也可以是在上一年负荷的基础上以等比例的方式增长，可以按照上述 比例，来确定电网中线路的视在功率达到最大潮流数据的时长；对于不同负荷 增长方式，上述扩建时长的获取方式不同，在此不做限定。Specifically, the expansion time of the power grid is related to the above-mentioned load growth mode of the power grid. For example, for a certain power grid, the load of the power grid can be increased by a certain load power value every year, and the load power value can be increased according to the above increase. Determine the time period when the apparent power of the lines in the power grid reaches the maximum power flow data; it can also increase in an equal proportion on the basis of the load of the previous year, and the apparent power of the lines in the power grid can reach the maximum power flow according to the above ratio. The duration of the data; for different load growth modes, the above expansion durations are obtained in different ways, which are not limited here.

S103、根据扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值。S103. Calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the extension time.

具体地，根据投资成本净现值的理论，计算机设备可以根据电网线路的扩 建时长来获得上述线路的投资成本净现值。其中，净现值是指用一个预定的的 折现率，分别把整个计算期间内各年所发生的净现金流量都折现到扩建实施时 的现值之和，考虑了线路投资成本的时间价值，也就是说，该线路扩建时长越 长，对应的净现值越低。计算机设备可以根据节点功率变化前后各个线路的扩 建时长，计算出节点功率变化前后各个线路的净现值变化，获得各个线路的成 本变化值，从而将节点功率对线路扩建时长的影响转换为成本的影响。Specifically, according to the theory of the net present value of investment cost, the computer equipment can obtain the net present value of the investment cost of the above line according to the extension time of the power grid line. Among them, the net present value refers to the use of a predetermined discount rate to discount the net cash flows that occurred in each year during the entire calculation period to the sum of the present values at the time of the implementation of the expansion, taking into account the time of line investment costs. value, that is, the longer the extension of the line, the lower the corresponding net present value. The computer equipment can calculate the net present value change of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion time of each line before and after the node power change, and obtain the cost change value of each line, so as to convert the influence of the node power on the line expansion time into the cost of the line. influences.

进一步地，计算机设备在获取各个线路的净现值时，可以根据线路总投资 成本与折现率来计算，也可以综合考虑投资风险、通货膨胀等因素来确定，对 于净现值的获取方式在此不做限定。计算机设备获取了节点功率变化前后的净 现值，即可计算出节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值。Further, when the computer equipment obtains the net present value of each line, it can be calculated according to the total investment cost of the line and the discount rate, or it can be determined by comprehensively considering factors such as investment risk and inflation. This is not limited. The computer equipment obtains the net present value before and after the node power change, and can calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change.

S104、根据成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。S104. Calculate the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value.

其中，节点的边际价格是指该节点功率变化后引起整个电网的总成本的变 化，可以将节点的边际价格确定为该节点的配电价格。Among them, the marginal price of a node refers to the change of the total cost of the entire power grid caused by the change of the power of the node, and the marginal price of a node can be determined as the distribution price of the node.

根据节点功率变化前后的净现值，获得了各个线路的成本变化值之后，可 以获得整个电网的总成本变化值，即为节点的边际价格。According to the net present value before and after the node power change, after the cost change value of each line is obtained, the total cost change value of the entire power grid can be obtained, which is the marginal price of the node.

上述电网配电的定价方法，计算机设备根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力 优化模型，计算在电网最大供电能力下电网线路的最大潮流数据，并根据预设 的潮流方程，计算出电网的潮流数据；然后，将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的 边界条件，根据潮流数据来获取电网各线路的扩建时长；根据扩建时长计算节 点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值，并根据成本变化值计算各节点的边际 价格。由于计算机设备将最大潮流数据作为边界条件，获得了电网各线路的扩 建时长，并根据上述扩建时长计算出节点功率变化前后的各线路成本的变化值， 有效地将节点功率的变化转换为电网成本的变化；因此，在进行电网配电定价 时，可以根据节点负荷对电网可靠性成本的影响来分摊电网成本，使电网成本分摊更为公平合理，有利于电力市场的公平竞争。In the above-mentioned pricing method of power grid power distribution, the computer equipment calculates the maximum power flow data of the power grid line under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculates the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation; Then, the maximum power flow data is used as the boundary condition of line expansion, and the extension time of each line of the power grid is obtained according to the power flow data; the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change is calculated according to the extension time, and the cost change value of each node is calculated according to the cost change value. marginal price. Since the computer equipment takes the maximum power flow data as the boundary condition, the expansion time of each line of the power grid is obtained, and the change value of the cost of each line before and after the node power change is calculated according to the above expansion time, and the change of the node power is effectively converted into the grid cost. Therefore, in the power grid distribution pricing, the grid cost can be apportioned according to the influence of the node load on the grid reliability cost, so that the grid cost apportionment is more fair and reasonable, which is conducive to fair competition in the power market.

图3位另一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的流程示意图。本实施例涉及 计算机设备根据潮流数据获取电网各线路的扩建时长的一种方式，如图3所示， 上述S102包括：FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a pricing method for power grid distribution in another embodiment. This embodiment relates to a way for the computer equipment to obtain the extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data. As shown in FIG. 3 , the above S102 includes:

S201、获取最大潮流数据与第一潮流数据的第一差值，并根据第一差值和 电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的第一扩建时长。S201. Obtain the first difference between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data, and obtain the first extension time of each line of the power grid according to the first difference and a preset load growth rate of the power grid.

具体地，计算机设备可以获取当前状态下，电网线路的第一潮流数据与最 大潮流数据的差值，然后根据预设的负荷增长率，获得该线路的第一扩建时长。 其中，上述负荷增长率是指电网线路的负荷在单位时间内增长的比例。Specifically, the computer equipment can obtain the difference between the first power flow data and the maximum power flow data of the power grid line in the current state, and then obtain the first extension time of the line according to the preset load growth rate. Among them, the above-mentioned load growth rate refers to the proportion of the load of the power grid line increasing per unit time.

可选地，若电网线路的负荷以等比例方式增长，计算机设备可以采用如下 公式计算第一扩建时长：Optionally, if the load of the power grid line increases in a proportional manner, the computer equipment can use the following formula to calculate the first expansion duration:

Figure BDA0001874109270000091
Figure BDA0001874109270000091

其中，Ti线路i的第一扩建时长，Pi,best为线路i的最大潮流数据，Pi,begin为线路 i的第一潮流数据，r为所述电网的负荷增长率。Wherein, Ti is the first expansion time of line i , P i,best is the maximum power flow data of line i, P i,begin is the first power flow data of line i, and r is the load growth rate of the power grid.

具体地，线路i的负荷以等比例方式增长时，该线路的最大潮流数据与第一 潮流数据关系如下：Specifically, when the load of line i increases in an equal proportion, the relationship between the maximum power flow data of this line and the first power flow data is as follows:

Figure BDA0001874109270000101
Figure BDA0001874109270000101

根据上述等比例增长关系式，可以得到上述第一扩建时间的计算公式。According to the above-mentioned proportional growth relationship, the above-mentioned calculation formula of the first expansion time can be obtained.

S202、获取最大潮流数据与第二潮流数据的第二差值，并根据第二差值和 电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的第二扩建时长。S202. Obtain the second difference between the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data, and obtain the second extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the second difference and a preset load growth rate of the power grid.

具体地，计算机设备可以获取当前状态下节点功率增加单位负荷时，电网 线路的第二潮流数据与最大潮流数据的差值，然后根据预设的负荷增长率，获 得该线路的第二扩建时长。Specifically, the computer equipment can obtain the difference between the second power flow data and the maximum power flow data of the power grid line when the node power increases the unit load in the current state, and then obtain the second extension time of the line according to the preset load growth rate.

与上述S201中的过程类似，若电网线路的负荷以等比例方式增长，计算机 设备可以采用如下公式计算第二扩建时长：Similar to the process in the above S201, if the load of the power grid line increases in a proportional manner, the computer equipment can calculate the second expansion time using the following formula:

Figure BDA0001874109270000102
Figure BDA0001874109270000102

其中，Ti,new线路i的第二扩建时长，Pi,new为线路i的第二潮流数据。Among them, T i,new is the second expansion time of line i, and P i,new is the second power flow data of line i.

上述电网配电的定价方法，计算机设备可以根据最大潮流数据、第一潮流 数据、第二潮流数据以及负荷增长率，来计算出节点功率变化前后电网线路的 第一扩建时间和第二扩建时间，为计算节点功率变化前后电网线路的成本变化 值提供了数据基础。In the above-mentioned pricing method of power grid distribution, the computer equipment can calculate the first expansion time and the second expansion time of the power grid line before and after the node power change according to the maximum power flow data, the first power flow data, the second power flow data and the load growth rate, It provides a data basis for calculating the cost change value of the grid line before and after the node power change.

图4为另一个实施例中电网配电的定价方法的流程示意图。本实施例涉及 计算机设备根据扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值的一种 方式，如图4所示，上述S103包括：FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a pricing method for grid power distribution in another embodiment. The present embodiment relates to a method in which the computer equipment calculates the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion time. As shown in Figure 4, the above S103 includes:

S301、根据第一扩建时长、第二扩建时长、预设的各个线路的投资成本和 预设的折现率，获取节点功率变化前后的第一净现值和第二净现值。S301. Obtain the first net present value and the second net present value before and after the node power changes according to the first expansion duration, the second expansion duration, the preset investment cost of each line, and the preset discount rate.

S302、获取第一净现值和所述第二净现值的差值，确定为各个线路的成本 变化值。S302. Obtain the difference between the first net present value and the second net present value, and determine it as the cost change value of each line.

具体地，可以采用如下公式计算上述第一净现值和第二净现值：Specifically, the following formulas can be used to calculate the first NPV and the second NPV:

Figure BDA0001874109270000111
Figure BDA0001874109270000111

Figure BDA0001874109270000112
Figure BDA0001874109270000112

其中，

Figure BDA0001874109270000113
分别为节点j功率变化前后线路i的净现值，d为电网线 路的折现率，然后根据公式
Figure BDA0001874109270000114
计算出各个线路的成本变化值，其中
Figure BDA0001874109270000115
表示节点j功率变化引起的线路i的成本的变化。in,
Figure BDA0001874109270000113
are the net present value of line i before and after the power change of node j, respectively, and d is the discount rate of the grid line, and then according to the formula
Figure BDA0001874109270000114
Calculate the cost change value of each line, where
Figure BDA0001874109270000115
Represents the change in cost of line i due to a change in power at node j.

进一步地，计算机设备可以对各个线路的成本变化值进行求和，获取节点 的边际价格。可以根据公式

Figure BDA0001874109270000116
来计算出节点的边际价格。Further, the computer equipment can sum the cost change values of each line to obtain the marginal price of the node. according to the formula
Figure BDA0001874109270000116
to calculate the marginal price of the node.

上述电网配电的定价方法，计算机设备根据节点功率变化前后线路扩建时 长的变化，计算线路净现值的变化，有效地将节点功率的变化转化为电网成本 的变化，使电网配电定价时可以评估节点对电网的成本的影响，使配电价格更 加合理和公平，为市场主体提供有效的经济信号。In the above-mentioned pricing method of power grid power distribution, the computer equipment calculates the change of the net present value of the line according to the change of the line expansion time before and after the node power change, and effectively converts the change of the node power into the change of the power grid cost, so that the power grid power distribution can be priced. Evaluate the impact of nodes on the cost of the power grid, make distribution prices more reasonable and fair, and provide effective economic signals for market players.

本实施例为上述实施例的具体应用场景，以图1中的电网模型为例提供一 种电网配电的定价方法。This embodiment is a specific application scenario of the above-mentioned embodiment, and a pricing method for power distribution in a power grid is provided by taking the power grid model in FIG. 1 as an example.

上述图1中的电网线路参数和负荷数据如下表所示：The power grid line parameters and load data in Figure 1 above are shown in the following table:

Figure BDA0001874109270000117
Figure BDA0001874109270000117

Figure DA00018741092752748
Figure DA00018741092752748

将表中的数据代入上述S101中的最大供电能力优化模型中，不考虑无功功 率，将节点功率S1＝15MW，S2＝20MW按照基准值SB＝100MVA进行归一化， 节点电压按照基准电压VB＝110kV进行归一化，根据Benders求解法求解上述优 化模型，得到线路L1、L2、L3的最大潮流值数据为23.60MW、21.90MW和 1.67MW。进一步地，根据潮流方程计算得到L1、L2、L3的第一潮流数据分别 为18.50MW、16.81MW和1.43MW。Substitute the data in the table into the maximum power supply capacity optimization model in the above S101, without considering the reactive power, normalize the node power S1 = 15MW, S2 = 20MW according to the reference value S B = 100MVA, and the node voltage according to the reference voltage V B =110kV is normalized, and the above optimization model is solved according to the Benders solution method, and the maximum power flow data of lines L1, L2 and L3 are obtained as 23.60MW, 21.90MW and 1.67MW. Further, according to the power flow equation, the first power flow data of L1, L2 and L3 are calculated to be 18.50MW, 16.81MW and 1.43MW respectively.

假设电网负荷以等比例的方式增长，本实施例中取负荷增长系数r＝0.3，根 据公式：Assuming that the grid load increases in an equal proportion, the load increase coefficient r=0.3 is taken in this embodiment, according to the formula:

Figure BDA0001874109270000121
Figure BDA0001874109270000121

求解得到线路线路L1、L2、L3的第一扩建时间分别为0.93年、1.01年和 0.59年。The first expansion time of the lines L1, L2, and L3 is obtained by solving them as 0.93 years, 1.01 years and 0.59 years, respectively.

在节点Bus2的功率增加1MW时，计算节点Bus2增加功率前后各线路扩 建时间的变化。与上述过程类似，线路L1、L2、L3的第二扩建时间分别为：0.86 年、0.86年和0.87年。各线路投资成本均为160万元，折现率为0.02，按照公 式：When the power of the node Bus2 increases by 1MW, calculate the change of the expansion time of each line before and after the increase of the power of the node Bus2. Similar to the above process, the second expansion times of lines L1, L2, and L3 are respectively: 0.86 years, 0.86 years, and 0.87 years. The investment cost of each line is 1.6 million yuan, and the discount rate is 0.02. According to the formula:

Figure BDA0001874109270000122
Figure BDA0001874109270000122

Figure BDA0001874109270000123
Figure BDA0001874109270000123

Figure BDA0001874109270000131
Figure BDA0001874109270000131

计算出节点BUS2功率变化前后，各线路L1、L2、L3的成本变化值分别为 0.22万元、0.47万元和-0.36万元。进一步地，根据公式

Figure BDA0001874109270000132
可以计算 出节点BUS2功率变化前后，电网总成本变化，即为节点Bus2的边际价格为： 0.22+0.47-0.36＝0.34万元。Before and after the power change of the node BUS2 is calculated, the cost changes of each line L1, L2, and L3 are 2,200 yuan, 4,700 yuan and -3,600 yuan respectively. Further, according to the formula
Figure BDA0001874109270000132
It can be calculated that before and after the power change of node BUS2, the total cost of the grid changes, that is, the marginal price of node Bus2 is: 0.22+0.47-0.36=0.34 million.

上述电网配电的定价方法，计算机设备可以在进行电网配电定价时，根据 节点负荷对电网可靠性成本的影响来分摊电网成本，使电网成本分摊更为公平 合理，有利于电力市场的公平竞争。In the above-mentioned pricing method of power grid power distribution, computer equipment can allocate power grid costs according to the influence of node loads on power grid reliability costs when conducting power grid power distribution pricing, so that power grid cost allocation is more fair and reasonable, and is conducive to fair competition in the power market. .

应该理解的是，虽然图2-4的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示，依次显 示，但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明 确的说明，这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制，这些步骤可以以其它的顺 序执行。而且，图2-4中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段， 这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成，而是可以在不同的时刻 执行，这些子步骤或者阶段的执行顺序也不必然是依次进行，而是可以与其它 步骤或者其它步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。It should be understood that although the steps in the flow charts of Figures 2-4 are shown in sequence according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the sequence indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order in the execution of these steps, and these steps may be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in FIGS. 2-4 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but may be executed at different times. These sub-steps or stages The order of execution of the steps is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a part of sub-steps or stages of other steps.

在一个实施例中，如图5所示，提供了一种电网配电的定价装置，包括： 第一计算模块10、获取模块20、第二计算模块30和第三计算模块40，其中：In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a pricing device for power distribution in a power grid is provided, including: a first calculation module 10, an acquisition module 20, a second calculation module 30 and a third calculation module 40, wherein:

第一计算模块10，用于根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算 在电网最大供电能力下电网线路的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计 算电网的潮流数据；The first calculation module 10 is configured to calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid line under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation;

获取模块20，用于将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据潮流数 据获取电网各线路的扩建时长；The obtaining module 20 is used for taking the maximum power flow data as the boundary condition of line expansion, and obtaining the extension time of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data;

第二计算模块30，用于根据扩建时长计算第一节点功率变化前后的各线路 的成本变化值；The second calculation module 30 is used to calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the power change of the first node according to the extension time;

第三计算模块40，用于根据成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。The third calculation module 40 is configured to calculate the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value.

本发明实施例提供的发电机的容量确定装置，可以执行上述方法实施例， 其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。The device for determining the capacity of a generator provided by the embodiment of the present invention can execute the above method embodiments, and the implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar, and are not repeated here.

在一个实施例中，第一计算模块10具体用于：根据预设的电网线路参数和 负荷参数，以及预设的潮流方程，获取电网各个线路的第一潮流数据和第二潮 流数据。In one embodiment, the first calculation module 10 is specifically configured to: obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data of each line of the power grid according to the preset power grid line parameters and load parameters, and the preset power flow equation.

在一个实施例中，获取模块20具体用于：获取最大潮流数据与第一潮流数 据的第一差值，并根据第一差值和电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的 第一扩建时长；获取最大潮流数据与第二潮流数据的第二差值，并根据第二差 值和电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的第二扩建时长。In one embodiment, the obtaining module 20 is specifically configured to: obtain a first difference between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data, and obtain the first difference of each line of the power grid according to the first difference and a preset load growth rate of the power grid. Expansion time; obtain the second difference between the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data, and obtain the second expansion time of each line of the power grid according to the second difference and the preset load growth rate of the power grid.

在一个实施例中，获取模块20具体用于：In one embodiment, the obtaining module 20 is specifically used for:

采用如下公式计算第一扩建时长：Use the following formula to calculate the first expansion time:

Figure BDA0001874109270000141
Figure BDA0001874109270000141

其中，Ti线路i的第一扩建时长，Pi,best为线路i的最大潮流数据，Pi,begin为线路 i的第一潮流数据，r为电网的负荷增长率；Among them, Ti is the first expansion time of line i , Pi ,best is the maximum power flow data of line i, Pi ,begin is the first power flow data of line i, and r is the load growth rate of the power grid;

在第一节点增加单位功率负荷后，采用如下公式计算第二扩建时长：After the unit power load is increased at the first node, the following formula is used to calculate the second expansion time:

Figure BDA0001874109270000142
Figure BDA0001874109270000142

其中，Ti,new线路i的第二扩建时长，Pi,new为线路i的第二潮流数据。Among them, T i,new is the second expansion time of line i, and P i,new is the second power flow data of line i.

在一个实施例中，第一计算模块10具体用于：采用Berders分解法求解对 预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，获取电网中各个线路的最大潮流数据； 根据预设的电网线路参数和负荷参数，采用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解预设的潮流方程， 获取第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, the first calculation module 10 is specifically configured to: use Berders decomposition method to solve a pre-established model for optimizing the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and obtain maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid; according to preset power grid line parameters and loads parameters, use the Newton-Raphson method to solve the preset power flow equation, and obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.

在一个实施例中，第二计算模块30具体用于根据第一扩建时长、第二扩建 时长、预设的各个线路的投资成本和预设的折现率，获取节点功率变化前后的 第一净现值和第二净现值；获取第一净现值和第二净现值的差值，确定为各个 线路的成本变化值。In one embodiment, the second calculation module 30 is specifically configured to obtain the first net power before and after the node power change according to the first expansion duration, the second expansion duration, the preset investment cost of each line, and the preset discount rate Present value and second net present value; obtain the difference between the first net present value and the second net present value, and determine it as the cost change value of each line.

在一个实施例中，第三计算模块40具体用于对各个线路的成本变化值进行 求和，获取其中一个节点的边际价格。In one embodiment, the third calculation module 40 is specifically configured to sum the cost change values of each line to obtain the marginal price of one of the nodes.

关于电网配电的定价装置的具体限定可以参见上文中对于电网配电的定价 方法的限定，在此不再赘述。上述电网配电的定价装置中的各个模块可全部或 部分通过软件、硬件及其组合来实现。上述各模块可以硬件形式内嵌于或独立 于计算机设备中的处理器中，也可以以软件形式存储于计算机设备中的存储器 中，以便于处理器调用执行以上各个模块对应的操作。For the specific limitation of the pricing device for grid power distribution, refer to the definition of the pricing method for grid power distribution above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned grid power distribution pricing device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and combinations thereof. The above modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory in the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of the above modules.

在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，该计算机设备可以是服务器， 其内部结构图可以如图6所示。该计算机设备包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、 存储器、网络接口和数据库。其中，该计算机设备的处理器用于提供计算和控 制能力。该计算机设备的存储器包括非易失性存储介质、内存储器。该非易失 性存储介质存储有操作系统、计算机程序和数据库。该内存储器为非易失性存 储介质中的操作系统和计算机程序的运行提供环境。该计算机设备的数据库用 于存储电网配电的定价数据。该计算机设备的网络接口用于与外部的终端通过 网络连接通信。该计算机程序被处理器执行时以实现一种电网配电的定价方法。In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, and the computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. 6 . The computer device includes a processor, memory, a network interface, and a database connected by a system bus. Among other things, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium, an internal memory. The nonvolatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the execution of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The computer facility's database is used to store pricing data for grid distribution. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals through a network connection. The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a method of pricing power grid distribution.

本领域技术人员可以理解，图6中示出的结构，仅仅是与本申请方案相关 的部分结构的框图，并不构成对本申请方案所应用于其上的计算机设备的限定， 具体的计算机设备可以包括比图中所示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件， 或者具有不同的部件布置。Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure shown in FIG. 6 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may be Include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器 中存储有计算机程序，该处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在电网最大供电能力下 电网的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网的潮流数据；Calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation;

将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据潮流数据获取电网各线路 的扩建时长；The maximum power flow data is used as the boundary condition for line expansion, and the extension time of each line in the power grid is obtained according to the power flow data;

根据扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值；Calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion time;

根据成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。Calculate the marginal price of each node based on the cost change value.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：根据预设的 电网线路参数和负荷参数，以及预设的潮流方程，获取电网各个线路的第一潮 流数据和第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program: acquiring the first power flow data and the second power flow data of each line of the power grid according to the preset power grid line parameters and load parameters, and the preset power flow equation.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：获取最大潮 流数据与第一潮流数据的第一差值，并根据第一差值和电网预设的负荷增长率， 获取电网各线路的第一扩建时长；获取最大潮流数据与第二潮流数据的第二差 值，并根据第二差值和电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的第二扩建时 长。In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are further implemented: obtaining a first difference between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data, and obtaining each power grid according to the first difference and a preset load growth rate of the power grid. The first expansion duration of the line; the second difference between the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data is obtained, and the second expansion duration of each line of the power grid is obtained according to the second difference and the preset load growth rate of the power grid.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：采用如下公 式计算第一扩建时长：In one embodiment, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program: calculating the first expansion duration by using the following formula:

Figure BDA0001874109270000161
Figure BDA0001874109270000161

其中，Ti线路i的第一扩建时长，Pi,best为线路i的最大潮流数据，Pi,begin为线路 i的第一潮流数据，r为所述电网的负荷增长率；Wherein, T i is the first expansion duration of line i, P i,best is the maximum power flow data of line i, P i,begin is the first power flow data of line i, and r is the load growth rate of the power grid;

在第一节点增加单位功率负荷后，采用如下公式计算第二扩建时长：After the unit power load is increased at the first node, the following formula is used to calculate the second expansion time:

Figure BDA0001874109270000171
Figure BDA0001874109270000171

其中，Ti,new线路i的第二扩建时长，Pi,new为线路i的第二潮流数据。Among them, T i,new is the second expansion time of line i, and P i,new is the second power flow data of line i.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：采用Berders 分解法求解对预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，获取电网中各个线路的 最大潮流数据；根据预设的电网线路参数和负荷参数，采用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解 预设的潮流方程，获取第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program: using Berders decomposition method to solve a pre-established model for optimizing the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and obtaining maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid; according to preset power grid line parameters and load parameters, use the Newton-Raphson method to solve the preset power flow equation, and obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：根据第一扩 建时长、第二扩建时长、预设的各个线路的投资成本和预设的折现率，获取节 点功率变化前后的第一净现值和第二净现值；获取第一净现值和第二净现值的 差值，确定为各个线路的成本变化值。In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are further implemented: obtaining the power before and after the change of the node power according to the first expansion duration, the second expansion duration, the preset investment cost of each line, and the preset discount rate. The first net present value and the second net present value; the difference between the first net present value and the second net present value is obtained, and is determined as the cost change value of each line.

在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：对各个线路 的成本变化值进行求和，获取其中一个节点的边际价格。In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are further implemented: summing the cost change values of each line to obtain the marginal price of one of the nodes.

在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程 序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

根据预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，计算在电网最大供电能力下 电网的最大潮流数据，并根据预设的潮流方程，计算电网的潮流数据；Calculate the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to the pre-established optimization model of the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and calculate the power flow data of the power grid according to the preset power flow equation;

将最大潮流数据作为线路扩建的边界条件，根据潮流数据获取电网各线路 的扩建时长；The maximum power flow data is used as the boundary condition for line expansion, and the extension time of each line in the power grid is obtained according to the power flow data;

根据扩建时长计算节点功率变化前后的各线路的成本变化值；Calculate the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the expansion time;

根据成本变化值计算各节点的边际价格。Calculate the marginal price of each node based on the cost change value.

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：根据预设 的电网线路参数和负荷参数，以及预设的潮流方程，获取电网各个线路的第一 潮流数据和第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: acquiring the first power flow data and the second power flow data of each line of the power grid according to the preset power grid line parameters and load parameters and the preset power flow equation .

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：获取最大 潮流数据与第一潮流数据的第一差值，并根据第一差值和电网预设的负荷增长 率，获取电网各线路的第一扩建时长；获取最大潮流数据与第二潮流数据的第 二差值，并根据第二差值和电网预设的负荷增长率，获取电网各线路的第二扩 建时长。In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: obtaining a first difference between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data, and obtaining the power grid according to the first difference and a preset load growth rate of the power grid The first expansion duration of each line; the second difference between the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data is obtained, and the second expansion duration of each line of the power grid is obtained according to the second difference and the preset load growth rate of the power grid.

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：采用如下 公式计算第一扩建时长：In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: the following formula is used to calculate the first expansion duration:

Figure BDA0001874109270000181
Figure BDA0001874109270000181

其中，Ti线路i的第一扩建时长，Pi,best为线路i的最大潮流数据，Pi,begin为线路 i的第一潮流数据，r为所述电网的负荷增长率；Wherein, T i is the first expansion duration of line i, P i,best is the maximum power flow data of line i, P i,begin is the first power flow data of line i, and r is the load growth rate of the power grid;

在第一节点增加单位功率负荷后，采用如下公式计算第二扩建时长：After the unit power load is increased at the first node, the following formula is used to calculate the second expansion time:

Figure BDA0001874109270000182
Figure BDA0001874109270000182

其中，Ti,new线路i的第二扩建时长，Pi,new为线路i的第二潮流数据。Among them, T i,new is the second expansion time of line i, and P i,new is the second power flow data of line i.

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：采用Berders 分解法求解对预先建立的电网最大供电能力优化模型，获取电网中各个线路的 最大潮流数据；根据预设的电网线路参数和负荷参数，采用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解 预设的潮流方程，获取第一潮流数据和第二潮流数据。In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: using the Berders decomposition method to solve a pre-established model for optimizing the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid, and obtaining the maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid; Parameters and load parameters, use the Newton-Raphson method to solve the preset power flow equation, and obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：根据第一 扩建时长、第二扩建时长、预设的各个线路的投资成本和预设的折现率，获取 节点功率变化前后的第一净现值和第二净现值；获取第一净现值和第二净现值 的差值，确定为各个线路的成本变化值。In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: obtaining the information before and after the node power change according to the first expansion duration, the second expansion duration, the preset investment cost of each line, and the preset discount rate. The first net present value and the second net present value are obtained; the difference between the first net present value and the second net present value is obtained and determined as the cost change value of each line.

在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：对各个线 路的成本变化值进行求和，获取其中一个节点的边际价格。In one embodiment, the computer program further implements the following steps when executed by the processor: summing the cost change values of each line to obtain the marginal price of one of the nodes.

本实施例提供的计算机可读存储介质，其实现原理和技术效果与上述方法 实施例类似，在此不再赘述。The implementation principle and technical effect of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment are similar to those of the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein again.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程， 是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于 一非易失性计算机可读取存储介质中，该计算机程序在执行时，可包括如上述 各方法的实施例的流程。其中，本申请所提供的各实施例中所使用的对存储器、 存储、数据库或其它介质的任何引用，均可包括非易失性和/或易失性存储器。 非易失性存储器可包括只读存储器(ROM)、可编程ROM(PROM)、电可编程 ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可 包括随机存取存储器(RAM)或者外部高速缓冲存储器。作为说明而非局限， RAM以多种形式可得，诸如静态RAM(SRAM)、动态RAM(DRAM)、同步 DRAM(SDRAM)、双数据率SDRAM(DDRSDRAM)、增强型SDRAM (ESDRAM)、同步链路(Synchlink)DRAM(SLDRAM)、存储器总线(Rambus) 直接RAM(RDRAM)、直接存储器总线动态RAM(DRDRAM)、以及存储器 总线动态RAM(RDRAM)等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage In the medium, when the computer program is executed, it may include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. Wherein, any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the various embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Nonvolatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous chain Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述 实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特 征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features It is considered to be the range described in this specification.

以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细， 但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的 普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改 进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权 利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for pricing power distribution from a power grid, the method comprising:
calculating the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to a pre-established power grid maximum power supply capacity optimization model; calculating the load flow data of the power grid according to a preset load flow equation;
taking the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition of line extension, and acquiring extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data of the power grid;
calculating the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the extension duration;
and calculating the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the power flow data of the power grid according to a preset power flow equation comprises:
acquiring first tide data and second tide data of each line of the power grid according to preset power grid line parameters, load parameters and a preset tide equation; the first load flow data is the load flow data of each line in the current operation state, and the second load flow data is the load flow data of each line after a unit power load is added to one node in the power grid.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data of the power grid by using the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition for line extension comprises:
acquiring a first difference value between the maximum power flow data and the first power flow data, and acquiring a first extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the first difference value and a preset load increase rate of the power grid;
and acquiring a second difference value of the maximum power flow data and the second power flow data, and acquiring a second extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the second difference value and the preset load increase rate of the power grid.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of obtaining the extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data of the power grid by using the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition for line extension comprises:
calculating the first extension time by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002481672710000021
wherein, TiFor a first extension duration, P, of line ii,bestIs the maximum power flow data, P, of the line ii,beginThe load increase rate is preset by the power grid, and r is first load flow data of a line i;
after the unit power load is increased at the first node, calculating a second extension duration by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0002481672710000022
wherein, Ti,newFor a second extension duration, P, of line ii,newIs the second power flow data of line i.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to a pre-established maximum power supply capacity optimization model of the power grid and calculating the power flow data of the power grid according to a preset power flow equation comprises the following steps:
solving the pre-established power grid maximum power supply capacity optimization model by adopting a Berders decomposition method, and acquiring maximum power flow data of each line in the power grid;
and solving a preset power flow equation by adopting a Newton-Raphson method according to the preset power grid line parameters and the preset load parameters to obtain the first power flow data and the second power flow data.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the calculating a cost variation value of each line before and after the node power variation according to the extension duration comprises:
acquiring a first net present value and a second net present value before and after the power of the node changes according to the first extension time length, the second extension time length, the preset investment cost of each line and the preset discount rate;
and acquiring a difference value between the first net present value and the second net present value, and determining the difference value as the cost change value of each line.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said calculating a marginal price for each node based on said cost variance value comprises:
and summing the cost change values of all the lines to obtain the marginal price of one node.
8. An apparatus for pricing power distribution from a power grid, the apparatus comprising:
the first calculation module is used for calculating the maximum power flow data of the power grid under the maximum power supply capacity of the power grid according to a pre-established power grid maximum power supply capacity optimization model and calculating the power flow data of the power grid according to a preset power flow equation;
the acquisition module is used for taking the maximum power flow data as a boundary condition of line extension and acquiring extension duration of each line of the power grid according to the power flow data of the power grid;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the cost change value of each line before and after the node power change according to the extension duration;
and the third calculation module is used for calculating the marginal price of each node according to the cost change value.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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