CN109558926B - Vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on IO state and positioning method thereof - Google Patents
Vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on IO state and positioning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 48
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
- G06K17/0032—Apparatus for automatic testing and analysing marked record carriers, used for examinations of the multiple choice answer type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on IO state, comprising: a plurality of passive radio frequency identification tags which are pre-buried in the road ground at intervals, wherein each passive radio frequency identification tag comprises a radio frequency identification tag chip, a tag antenna coil, an auxiliary antenna coil and an excitation state output circuit; the vehicle-mounted reader comprises a radio frequency identification reader, a reader tuning module, a reader antenna coil, a tag excitation array unit, an excitation array unit tuning module and an excitation array unit controller. The positioning method of the vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on the IO state is also disclosed. The invention can use large-sized excitation and data communication antennas under the condition of adopting the same frequency of the passive radio frequency identification magnetic coupling signals, thereby realizing a longer access distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic driving of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on IO states and a positioning method thereof.
Background
Vehicle autopilot technology is a hot spot of current research and industrialization, and vehicle autopilot in special scenes, such as unmanned autopilot of container transfer vehicles in ports, has entered an application stage. Vehicle autolocalization is one of the core basic technologies for realizing automatic driving. At present, the technology of ultra-wideband wireless communication such as regional grid positioning, laser radar environmental characteristic identification and matching, micro-mechanical gyroscope/accelerometer inertial positioning navigation, satellite positioning and the like has corresponding technology and products in the automatic driving technology. In addition, a technology of adopting a vehicle-mounted radio frequency identification reader and a road pre-buried passive radio frequency identification tag is also provided. The technology is different from the technology of ultra-wideband wireless communication such as regional grid positioning, laser radar environmental characteristic recognition and matching, the technology of vehicle positioning based on passive radio frequency recognition adopts mature radio frequency identification tags, the passive radio frequency tags pre-buried in roads are low in cost, long in service life and small in environmental impact, a specific passive radio frequency identification reader is configured on a vehicle, and the pre-buried radio frequency identification tags with unique codes are used for positioning a moving or stationary vehicle through the antenna recognition of the subdivided grid reader, so that the technology of vehicle positioning based on passive radio frequency recognition has the advantages of relatively low operation cost, strong environmental adaptability, high reliability, easiness in deployment and the like, and has been applied to the field of automatic driving of port container transfer vehicles to a certain extent.
GermanyCompanies have developed positioning systems for vehicle autopilot applications based on current 125.134KHz (low band) and 13.56MHz (RFID) passive radio frequency identification technologies. The passive radio frequency identification tag of the pre-buried road has the dimensions of 74.5mm in diameter and 35mm in height, and the antenna of the vehicle-mounted reader has the dimensions of 1560mm x 653mm x 81mm, so that the positioning accuracy of +/-10 mm under the speed of 25 km/h can be realized. Compared with the common passive radio frequency identification tag, the embedded passive radio frequency identification tag for vehicle positioning mainly has certain difference in packaging, but the vehicle-mounted reader is quite different from the common radio frequency identification reader, so that the vehicle-mounted reader needs to realize remote access and simultaneously needs to realize access meeting expected positioning precision at a certain vehicle speed. In particular, access to the desired positioning accuracy is achieved by means of a specially designed grid antenna, i.e. by subdividing the grid antenna, the position of the vehicle relative to the pre-buried tag being obtained from the grid in which the communication is effected. Since the distance of passive rfid access is closely related to the dimensions of the antenna, the subdivision grid of the antenna in turn directly affects the access distance. Currently, germany->Corporate tags and readers and mesh antennas can achieve a maximum access distance of 35cm in a typical environment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a conventional vehicle positioning system based on a magnetic coupling rfid technology, in which a vehicle 10 travels on a road, and an rfid reader 20 and an rfid reader antenna 30 are mounted on the vehicle 10. When the vehicle 10 and the rfid reader antenna 30 pass through the passive rfid tag 40 pre-buried on the road, the vehicle-mounted reader 20 can obtain the information of the passive rfid tag 40, and can realize the positioning of the vehicle 10 according to the geographic information of the pre-buried passive rfid tag 40 and the relative relationship between the passive rfid tag 40 and the vehicle 10.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 illustrates the energy transmission and communication principles of a conventional rfid reader antenna and passive rfid tag based on magnetic coupling rfid technology. When a current passes through the antenna coil 31 of the rfid reader antenna 30, an induced alternating magnetic field 31a is generated, an induced electromotive force is generated by the antenna coil of the passive rfid tag 40, the chip circuit of the passive rfid tag 40 can convert the induced alternating electromotive force generated by the antenna coil into a power supply required by the chip to work, an instruction from the rfid reader 20 is extracted from the coupled signal, the instruction is executed, and a corresponding response is made, so that the communication between the rfid reader 20 and the passive rfid tag 40 is completed. For magnetically coupled radio frequency identification technology, the radio frequency identification tag operates within a distance of 1.10 or 1/8 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave used. Such as a carrier frequency of 13.56MHz, at a wavelength of 22.1 meters, and theoretically, a maximum access distance of 2.2 meters for magnetically coupled radio frequency identification at that wavelength. However, in near field conditions, the energy decays by a factor of 1/1000 for every 10 times increase in the normal to the rfid reader antenna 30, i.e., the energy decays by a third power of the reciprocal of the distance between the passive rfid tag 40 and the rfid reader antenna 30. In addition, due to the bandwidth requirements of the data communications, the network quality factor of the antenna coils of the RFID reader 20 and the passive RFID tag 40 is much lower than the intrinsic quality factor of the coil antenna. For example, copper wire coils may have a quality factor of up to 50, but in order to guarantee the bandwidth of data communications, the quality factor of the rfid reader antenna and tag antenna network may be only 8. These factors result in the effective access distances that magnetic-coupled radio frequency identification technology may achieve being well below the theoretical near field range. Referring to fig. 2, a 13.56MHz system, the access distance along the vertical direction of the antenna coil 31 of the rfid reader antenna 30 may be only 50-60 cm. In addition, the larger size of the rfid reader antenna 30 also means that the inductance of the antenna coil is large, the higher the carrier frequency, the more difficult the tuning; with a low electromagnetic wave frequency, a low data rate is meant.
The actual access distance is further limited by the effective size of the antenna coil 31 of the rfid reader antenna 30, and generally such systematic access distances are approximately 0.7 times the reader antenna size. The smaller the rfid reader antenna 30, the shorter the access distance. These features result in the following disadvantages with standard magnetically coupled radio frequency identification technology as vehicle positioning: in order to obtain a certain positioning accuracy, the antenna coil 31 of the radio frequency identification reader antenna 30 needs to be as small as possible, but the smaller the antenna coil 31 of the radio frequency identification reader antenna 30 means the shorter the effective access distance, which may be required to be at least 20-30 cm or more for automatic driving positioning of the vehicle. The use of an antenna of 40 cm or more results in a significant reduction in the obtainable positioning accuracy.
In order to overcome the defects of the vehicle positioning system based on the magnetic coupling radio frequency identification technology, the German patent with the patent number of DE202013101196U1 discloses the following contents: a low frequency carrier is used, namely a frequency band of 125KHz/134 KHz; meanwhile, the coverage area of the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader is subdivided into single access units 31 by adopting a grid subdivision method, as shown in fig. 3, so that the positioning accuracy is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows an antenna mesh subdivision structure adopted in the german patent publication of patent No. DE202013101196U1, in which excitation windings EQ1-EQ2 and excitation windings EL1-EL2 divide the area of the entire rfid reader antenna into 16 meshes, the excitation winding RE is a receiving winding and covers the entire antenna access area, and when one of the mesh signals is normally excited, the surrounding mesh signals cancel each other, so that the tag corresponding to the mesh position cannot be activated. And the time-sharing access of the antenna coverage area of the whole radio frequency identification reader is realized in an electronic scanning mode. The excitation winding of the radio frequency identification reader antenna of the technical scheme is long, and the inductance of the antenna coil is large, so that a low-frequency band is adopted, and tuning of an over-the-air network is facilitated.
To achieve a suitable communication distance, this may be achieved by increasing the transmission power of the rfid reader, and therefore a diode or similar structure may be added to the antenna end of the passive rfid tag to limit the voltage across the tag antenna, as shown in fig. 5. The antenna ends AC0, AC1 of the passive rfid tag chip 41 are connected to the coil antenna Lant, respectively, which is a basic rfid tag structure. In order to protect the passive rfid tag chip 41 from possible high voltage breakdown under the field intensity of a large dynamic range, a protection structure formed by diodes D1, D2 is added between the antenna ends AC0, AC1 of the rfid tag chip 41, and under the high field intensity, it is ensured that the voltages of the antenna ends AC0, AC1 of the passive rfid tag chip 41 do not exceed the bearing range of the passive rfid tag chip 41. In addition, in this scenario where the working distance is critical, the passive rfid tag 40 may further require additional passive rfid tag chip 41 to be externally connected to the capacitors C1, C2 and the resistors R1, R2 to adjust the working performance of the tag.
Compared with a corresponding frequency band radio frequency identification system, the existing vehicle positioning system is far more complicated in both a tag and a radio frequency identification reader antenna, but is limited in performance, and is mainly used for automatic driving positioning of 25 km/h or below at present.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on the IO state can realize remote access, reduce the complexity and the cost of the system and improve the reliability of the system.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is that: the positioning method of the vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on the IO state is provided.
As a first aspect of the present invention, a vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on an IO state includes:
the system comprises a plurality of passive radio frequency identification tags which are pre-buried in road ground at intervals, wherein each passive radio frequency identification tag comprises a radio frequency identification tag chip, a tag antenna coil, an auxiliary antenna coil and an excitation state output circuit, a first antenna connection end and a second antenna connection end of the radio frequency identification tag chip are respectively connected with two ends of the tag antenna coil, a first alternating current coupling signal end and a second alternating current coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit are respectively connected with two ends of the auxiliary antenna coil, and an excitation state output signal end of the excitation state output circuit is connected with an excitation state input signal end of the radio frequency identification tag chip; and
the vehicle-mounted reader is fixedly arranged on a vehicle and comprises a radio frequency identification reader, a reader tuning module, a reader antenna coil, a tag excitation array unit, an excitation array unit tuning module and an excitation array unit controller, wherein a first signal interaction end of the radio frequency identification reader is respectively connected with two ends of the reader antenna coil through the reader tuning module, a second signal interaction end of the radio frequency identification reader is connected with a vehicle-mounted positioning system, the tag excitation array unit is arranged in the reader antenna coil, the tag excitation array unit is composed of a plurality of excitation coil windings which are arranged in a matrix mode, one end of each excitation coil winding is connected with the excitation array unit tuning module in parallel, the other end of each excitation coil winding is respectively connected with the excitation array unit tuning module through a multi-way switch, and a first signal interaction end of the excitation array unit controller is connected with the excitation array unit tuning module and a second signal interaction end of the excitation array unit controller is connected with the vehicle-mounted positioning system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the excitation state output circuit includes first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh capacitors, and first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth diodes, one end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel with one end of the second capacitor and then is used as a first ac coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit, the other end of the first capacitor, an anode terminal of the first diode, a cathode terminal of the second diode is connected in parallel with one end of the sixth capacitor and then is used as a second ac coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit, the other end of the second capacitor, a cathode terminal of the first diode, one end of the second capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor and then is used as an excitation state output signal end of the excitation state output circuit, an anode terminal of the second diode is connected in series with the third, the fourth, the fifth, the sixth diode is connected in ground after the other end of the third capacitor is connected in parallel with one end of the second capacitor, and then is connected between the anode terminal of the third capacitor and the cathode terminal of the fourth diode and the fifth diode, and another end of the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the other end of the fifth diode, and then is connected between the anode terminal of the fifth diode and the other end of the fourth capacitor and the fifth diode.
As a second aspect of the present invention, a positioning method of the vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on the IO state includes the following steps:
step S1, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the excitation coil winding of a first number in the tag excitation array unit to be connected through the excitation array unit controller;
s2, an excitation coil winding in a connection state in the tag excitation array unit sends an auxiliary excitation connection signal to the passive radio frequency identification tag;
s3, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the antenna coil of the reader to send a radio frequency identification access instruction to the passive radio frequency identification tag through the radio frequency identification reader;
step S4, judging whether the radio frequency identification reader receives a response signal from the passive radio frequency identification tag, if not, entering step S5, and if so, entering step S6;
step S5, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the excitation coil winding of the next number in the tag excitation array unit to be connected through the excitation array unit controller, and returns to the step S2;
and S6, setting an excitation state, wherein the passive radio frequency identification tag corresponds to an excitation coil winding in the tag excitation array unit, and calculating the current position information of the vehicle according to the relation between the excitation coil winding in the tag excitation array unit and the vehicle. For example: for an underground tag having local geographic coordinates (X0, Y0), when the underground tag response state corresponding to the (I, J) th excitation winding coil is set, the (I, J) th excitation winding coil is offset from the vehicle center by (deltaX, deltaY), and the coordinates of the vehicle center are (x0+deltax, y0+deltay).
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can use large-sized excitation and data communication antennas under the condition of adopting the same frequency of the passive radio frequency identification magnetic coupling signals, thereby realizing a longer access distance; meanwhile, higher-speed access is realized by using a higher-frequency wave band, so that the design of an antenna coil of a reader and the driving of the antenna coil is simplified, the complexity of a system is reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and a higher-performance vehicle positioning function is realized at lower cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art vehicle positioning system based on magnetically coupled radio frequency identification technology.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy transfer and communication between an RFID reader antenna and a passive RFID tag based on the prior art magnetic coupling RFID technology.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a subdivision of an antenna mesh of a conventional rfid reader.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the subdivision of the antenna grid of a radio frequency identification reader disclosed in german invention DE202013101196U 1.
Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic of a conventional passive rfid tag.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle locating radio frequency identification system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a passive rfid tag of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of an excitation state output circuit of the passive rfid tag of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reader antenna coil and tag excitation array unit of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the vehicle locating radio frequency identification system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the invention easy to understand.
Referring to fig. 6, a vehicle locating radio frequency identification system based on IO status is shown, comprising a number of passive radio frequency identification tags 100 and an onboard reader 200.
The passive rfid tags 100 are encapsulated in a supporting structure made of glass or epoxy resin, and are arranged in road surfaces such as asphalt and concrete at regular intervals in a pre-buried or perforated manner. Referring to fig. 7, each passive radio frequency identification tag 100 includes a radio frequency identification tag chip 110, a tag antenna coil 120, an auxiliary antenna coil 130, and an excitation state output circuit 140. The antenna connection terminals AC0 and AC1 of the rfid tag chip 110 are connected to both ends of the tag antenna coil 120, respectively, the AC coupling signal terminals k1 and k2 of the excitation state output circuit 140 are connected to both ends of the auxiliary antenna coil 130, respectively, and the excitation state output signal terminal Is thereof Is connected to the excitation state input signal terminal of the rfid tag chip 110.
Referring to fig. 8, the excitation state output circuit 140 includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 and diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6. One end of the capacitor C1 Is connected in parallel with one end of the capacitor C2 and then Is used as an ac coupling signal end k1 of the excited state output circuit 140, the other end of the capacitor C1, the positive end of the diode D1, the negative end of the diode D2 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected in parallel and then are used as an ac coupling signal end k2 of the excited state output circuit 140, the other end of the capacitor C2, the negative end of the diode D1, one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4 and one end of the capacitor C5 are connected in parallel and then are used as an excited state output signal end Is of the excited state output circuit 140, the positive end of the diode D2 Is sequentially connected in series with the diodes D3, D4, D5 and D6 and then Is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C3 Is connected in parallel between the positive end of the diode D2 and the negative end of the diode D3, the other end of the capacitor C4 Is connected in parallel between the positive end of the diode D4 and the negative end of the diode D5, the other end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the capacitor C7 Is connected in parallel and then Is connected between the positive end of the diode D4 and the negative end of the diode D7 and the negative end of the diode D6 Is connected between the positive end of the diode D6 and the diode Is connected in parallel.
The capacitor C1 between the ac coupled signal ends k1 and k2 of the excitation state output circuit 140 Is a tuning capacitor, which Is tuned to the auxiliary excitation signal frequency fa with the auxiliary antenna coil 130, and has a quality factor as high as possible, so as to obtain larger electric energy under the same excitation field intensity, and the capacitors C2 to C7 and the diodes D1 to D6 are zener diode charge pump circuits, so as to convert the ac signal induced by the auxiliary antenna coil 130 into a dc signal with a certain amplitude, and serve as the excitation state input Is of the rfid tag chip 110. When communication between the in-vehicle reader 200 and the passive rfid tag 100 involves a reply to a digital input state, the location of the excitation coil windings corresponding to the tag is known.
The resonant network of the auxiliary antenna coil 130 and the tuning capacitor C1 operates at a carrier frequency different from the rfid, and employs a high quality factor resonant network for efficient, long-range transmission of the coupled energy.
In addition, considering the effective coverage area of the antenna of the current vehicle location, such as 1000mm×500mm, and considering the general magnetic coupling radio frequency identification products, such as 125/134KHz low frequency technology, or 13.56MHz high frequency technology, stable communication of 50 cm-60 cm can be realized without increasing the transmitting power. In combination with the tag and the universal radio frequency identification reader, further, on the basis of the reader antenna, the invention can realize the subdivision of the reader antenna grid by adding independent and subdivided grid and different frequency excitation coils for controlling the disconnection of the excitation state output circuit 140 of the passive radio frequency identification tag 100, thereby realizing the positioning with high precision.
The in-vehicle reader 200 is fixedly mounted on a vehicle and includes a radio frequency identification reader 210, a reader tuning module 220, a reader antenna coil 230, a tag excitation array unit 240, an excitation array unit tuning module 250, and an excitation array unit controller 260. The signal interaction ends 211 of the radio frequency identification reader 210 are respectively connected with two ends of the reader antenna coil 230 through the reader tuning module 220, the signal interaction ends 212 of the radio frequency identification reader are connected with the vehicle-mounted positioning system 1, the reader antenna coil 230 is a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, for a typical 1000mm×500mm antenna coil, a communication distance of 50 cm-60 cm can be realized, and the reader antenna coil 230 is driven by radio frequency signals with carrier frequency fc. The tag excitation array unit 240 is disposed in the reader antenna coil 230, referring to fig. 9 in combination with fig. 6, the tag excitation array unit 240 is formed by a total of 24 excitation coil windings 241 arranged in a matrix form, one end of each of the excitation coil windings 241 is connected in parallel and then connected to the excitation array unit tuning module 250 by a common coil connector lc1, and the other end of each of the excitation coil windings is connected to the excitation array unit tuning module 250 by a multiplexing switch and a coil connector lc2, wherein the coil connectors lc1 and lc2 are driven by an excitation signal having a frequency fa. The signal interaction end 261 of the excitation array unit controller 260 is connected with the excitation array unit tuning module 250, and the signal interaction end 262 thereof is connected with the vehicle-mounted positioning system 1.
Referring to fig. 10, a positioning method of the vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system based on the IO state of the present invention is shown, comprising the following steps:
step S1, the vehicle-mounted reader 200 controls the excitation coil winding 241 of the first number in the tag excitation array unit 240 to be turned on through the excitation array unit controller 260;
step S2, the exciting coil winding 241 in the on state in the tag exciting array unit 240 transmits an auxiliary exciting connection signal to the passive rfid tag 100;
step S3, the vehicle-mounted reader 200 controls the reader antenna coil 230 to transmit the rfid access command to the passive rfid tag 100 through the rfid reader 210;
step S4, judging whether the RFID reader 210 receives the response signal from the passive RFID tag 100, if not, entering step S5, and if yes, entering step S6;
step S5, the vehicle-mounted reader 200 controls the next numbered exciting coil winding 241 in the tag exciting array unit 240 to be turned on through the exciting array unit controller 260, and returns to step S2;
and S6, setting an excitation state, wherein the passive radio frequency identification tag corresponds to an excitation coil winding in the tag excitation array unit, and calculating the current position information of the vehicle according to the relation between the excitation coil winding in the tag excitation array unit and the vehicle. For example: for an underground tag having local geographic coordinates (X0, Y0), when the underground tag response state corresponding to the (I, J) th excitation winding coil is set, the (I, J) th excitation winding coil is offset from the vehicle center by (deltaX, deltaY), and the coordinates of the vehicle center are (x0+deltax, y0+deltay).
The present invention does not change the current rfid reader 210 and reader antenna coil 230, and maximally reserves the access distance of the rfid, and uses the digital input pin of the rfid tag chip 110 as the input of the excitation state by adding the tag excitation array unit 240 in the access range of the reader antenna coil 230. Because the excitation state output circuit 140 of the passive radio frequency identification tag 100 has a high quality factor, the energy transmission efficiency is high, a satisfactory energy transmission effect can be obtained within a required distance range by using a small-size antenna, and the access distance and the communication rate of radio frequency identification are maintained while the position subdivision access of the passive radio frequency identification tag is realized, so that the radio frequency identification communication with high reliability and high rate is realized by a simpler system and at lower cost, and a better radio frequency identification positioning function is provided for the automatic driving of a vehicle.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. A vehicle locating radio frequency identification system based on IO status, comprising:
the system comprises a plurality of passive radio frequency identification tags which are pre-buried in road ground at intervals, wherein each passive radio frequency identification tag comprises a radio frequency identification tag chip, a tag antenna coil, an auxiliary antenna coil and an excitation state output circuit, a first antenna connection end and a second antenna connection end of the radio frequency identification tag chip are respectively connected with two ends of the tag antenna coil, a first alternating current coupling signal end and a second alternating current coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit are respectively connected with two ends of the auxiliary antenna coil, and an excitation state output signal end of the excitation state output circuit is connected with an excitation state input signal end of the radio frequency identification tag chip; and
the vehicle-mounted reader is fixedly arranged on a vehicle and comprises a radio frequency identification reader, a reader tuning module, a reader antenna coil, a tag excitation array unit, an excitation array unit tuning module and an excitation array unit controller, wherein a first signal interaction end of the radio frequency identification reader is respectively connected with two ends of the reader antenna coil through the reader tuning module, a second signal interaction end of the radio frequency identification reader is connected with a vehicle-mounted positioning system, the tag excitation array unit is arranged in the reader antenna coil, the tag excitation array unit is composed of a plurality of excitation coil windings which are arranged in a matrix mode, one end of each excitation coil winding is connected with the excitation array unit tuning module in parallel, the other end of each excitation coil winding is respectively connected with the excitation array unit tuning module through a multi-way switch, and a first signal interaction end of the excitation array unit controller is connected with the excitation array unit tuning module and a second signal interaction end of the excitation array unit controller is connected with the vehicle-mounted positioning system.
2. The IO-state-based vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system of claim 1, wherein the excitation state output circuit includes first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh capacitors and first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth diodes, one end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel with one end of the second capacitor and then is used as a first ac coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit, the other end of the first capacitor, an anode end of the first diode, a cathode end of the second diode and one end of the sixth capacitor are connected in parallel and then are used as a second ac coupling signal end of the excitation state output circuit, the other end of the second capacitor, a cathode end of the first diode, one end of the second capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor and one end of the fifth capacitor are connected in parallel and then are used as excitation state output signal ends of the excitation state output circuit, the anode end of the second diode is connected in series with the third, the fourth, the fifth, the cathode end of the second diode is connected in series with one end of the second capacitor and then is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the other end of the fourth capacitor and then is connected between the anode end of the fourth capacitor and the cathode end of the fifth diode and the fifth capacitor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected in parallel and then is connected with the other end of the anode end of the fifth capacitor and the fifth capacitor.
3. A positioning method of the IO-state-based vehicle positioning radio frequency identification system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
step S1, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the excitation coil winding of a first number in the tag excitation array unit to be connected through the excitation array unit controller;
s2, an excitation coil winding in a connection state in the tag excitation array unit sends an auxiliary excitation connection signal to the passive radio frequency identification tag;
s3, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the antenna coil of the reader to send a radio frequency identification access instruction to the passive radio frequency identification tag through the radio frequency identification reader;
step S4, judging whether the radio frequency identification reader receives a response signal from the passive radio frequency identification tag, if not, entering step S5, and if so, entering step S6;
step S5, the vehicle-mounted reader controls the excitation coil winding of the next number in the tag excitation array unit to be connected through the excitation array unit controller, and returns to the step S2;
and S6, calculating the current position information of the vehicle according to the position information of the passive radio frequency identification tag in the response signal.
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