CN109557490B - Calibration device and method for fast pulse measurement probe based on pulse current source - Google Patents
Calibration device and method for fast pulse measurement probe based on pulse current source Download PDFInfo
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- CN109557490B CN109557490B CN201811367236.3A CN201811367236A CN109557490B CN 109557490 B CN109557490 B CN 109557490B CN 201811367236 A CN201811367236 A CN 201811367236A CN 109557490 B CN109557490 B CN 109557490B
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Abstract
The invention provides a calibration device and a calibration method for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulse current source, which are used for calibrating the sensitivity and the frequency response of the pulse measurement probe and have very important significance for the stable and safe operation of a pulse power device. The calibration device comprises a primary pulse source, a pulse forming line, a pulse forming main switch, a pulse transmission line, a calibration cavity and a matched load which are connected in sequence; the matched load comprises a high-voltage resistor, a low-voltage resistor, and a matched load inner ring, a matched load middle ring and a matched load outer ring which are coaxially and sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the high-voltage resistor is arranged between the matching load inner ring and the matching load middle ring and is respectively and electrically connected with the matching load inner ring and the matching load middle ring, the low-voltage resistor is arranged between the matching load middle ring and the matching load outer ring and is respectively and electrically connected with the matching load middle ring and the matching load outer ring, the matching load outer ring is grounded, and the matching load inner ring is electrically connected with the pulse transmission line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pulse power, in particular to a calibration device and method for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulse current source.
Background
The radiation environment under different space environments is simulated by using a pulse power device to generate a high-current pulse electron beam, pulse hard X rays, gamma rays and the like, and the method is one of basic means for researching the radiation effect. In a pulse power device, various measuring probes on the device are key components for monitoring whether an analysis device runs safely and stably, and if the measuring results of the measuring probes are inaccurate or unreliable, possible faults of the device can be greatly covered, even the device fails to run, so that the radiation environment can hardly meet the research requirements.
The pulse current measuring probe is one of the most commonly used measuring probes in pulse power devices, and a Rogowski coil, a small-resistance shunt and the like are commonly used. The method has very important significance in calibrating the pulse current measuring probe, and the calibration is mainly considered from two aspects, namely amplitude calibration and response calibration. The amplitude calibration mainly calibrates the sensitivity of the probe, namely, the ratio of the current measured by the probe to the current to be measured is given; the response calibration is mainly used for calibrating the frequency characteristics of the probe, namely the high-frequency response and the low-frequency response capability of the probe are examined.
At present, due to the lack of a pulse current calibration platform with traceable uncertainty, pulse current measurement probes in a plurality of pulse power devices cannot provide a measurement result with high reliability and uncertainty thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a calibration device and a calibration method for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulse current source, which are used for calibrating the sensitivity and the frequency response of the pulse measurement probe and have very important significance for the stable and safe operation of a pulse power device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a calibration device for a fast pulse measuring probe based on a pulse current source comprises a primary pulse source, a pulse forming line, a pulse forming main switch, a pulse transmission line, a calibration cavity and a matched load, wherein the primary pulse source, the pulse forming line, the pulse forming main switch, the pulse transmission line, the calibration cavity and the matched load are sequentially connected; the matched load comprises a plurality of high-voltage resistors, a plurality of low-voltage resistors, and a matched load inner ring, a matched load middle ring and a matched load outer ring which are coaxially and sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the high-voltage resistors are arranged between the matching load inner ring and the matching load middle ring and are respectively and electrically connected with the matching load inner ring and the matching load middle ring, the low-voltage resistors are arranged between the matching load middle ring and the matching load outer ring and are respectively and electrically connected with the matching load middle ring and the matching load outer ring, the matching load outer ring is grounded, and the matching load inner ring is electrically connected with the pulse transmission line.
Further, the pulse forming line comprises a pulse forming line inner cylinder, a pulse forming line outer cylinder, a sealing connecting piece and a sealing plate; the pulse forming line outer cylinder is coaxially arranged outside the pulse forming line inner cylinder, and a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and an air release port are arranged on the wall of the pulse forming line outer cylinder; a through hole is formed in the wall of the pulse forming wire inner cylinder; the sealing connecting pieces are arranged on two sides of the inner cylinder of the pulse forming line and are used for being electrically connected with the primary pulse source and the pulse forming main switch; the sealing plates are arranged on two sides of the pulse forming line inner barrel and the pulse forming line outer barrel and used for sealing the pulse forming line outer barrel;
the pulse transmission line is the same as the pulse forming line structure, and a sealing connecting piece of the pulse transmission line is electrically connected with the pulse forming main switch and the calibration cavity.
Further, the pulse forming main switch comprises an insulating shell, a switch upper electrode and a switch lower electrode, the insulating shell is of a sleeve-shaped structure, the switch upper electrode is a flat ball head electrode, the switch lower electrode is a round ball head electrode, and the switch upper electrode and the switch lower electrode are respectively arranged at two ends of the insulating shell.
Further, the chamfer of the electrode edge of the upper electrode of the switch is R2.5mm, the ball head radius of the lower electrode of the switch is 7.5mm, the gap between the upper electrode of the switch and the lower electrode of the switch is 1-7 mm, the material is brass, the material of the insulating shell is organic glass, and the working gas medium in the insulating shell is nitrogen.
Furthermore, the primary pulse source is formed by connecting a pulse capacitor, a gas spark switch and a charging inductor in series, and the charging inductor is of a solenoid structure.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the matching load inner ring, the matching load middle ring and the matching load outer ring are regular polygons, one end of the matching load inner ring is provided with a bottom cover, and the center of the bottom cover is provided with a connecting through hole.
Further, the matched load further comprises a cable connector, wherein the cable connector is arranged on the matched load outer ring or the matched load inner ring in an insulating mode and is electrically connected with the matched load intermediate ring through a lead, or the cable connector is directly electrically connected with the matched load intermediate ring.
Furthermore, the calibration cavity comprises a calibration cavity outer cylinder and a calibration cavity inner cylinder, the calibration cavity outer cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the calibration cavity inner cylinder, the calibration cavity outer cylinder is arranged between the pulse transmission line and the matching load outer ring and connected through a flange, and the calibration cavity inner cylinder is arranged between the pulse transmission line and the matching load inner ring and is electrically connected in a crimping mode.
Further, the characteristic impedance of the calibration chamber is 98 Ω, and the electrical length is 0.1 ns; the characteristic impedance of the pulse forming line is 5 omega, and the electrical length is 100 ns; the characteristic impedance of the pulse transmission line is 5 Ω, and the electrical length is 100 ns.
Furthermore, the matched load comprises ten high-voltage resistors and ten low-voltage resistors, and the ten high-voltage resistors are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and radially fixed between the matched load inner ring and the load intermediate ring; ten low-voltage resistors are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and radially fixed between the matching load intermediate ring and the matching load outer ring, the resistance value of the high-voltage resistor is 50 ohms, and the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor is 0.5 ohms.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a calibration method of the calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source, which comprises the following steps:
1) installing a coil to be tested in a calibration chamber;
2) the primary pulse source is charged by direct current, and outputs microsecond-magnitude pulse voltage when the charging voltage reaches a set value;
3) loading pulse voltage output by a primary pulse source on a pulse forming line, carrying out pulse charging on a pulse forming main switch through a pulse forming line, and conducting the pulse forming main switch after the self-breakdown voltage of the pulse forming main switch is reached and generating a pulse square wave current;
4) the pulse square wave current obtained in the step 3) is transmitted to a calibration cavity and a matched load through a pulse transmission line, the calibration waveform of the pulse square wave current is obtained on the matched load, and the response waveform of the pulse square wave current is obtained by a coil to be tested;
5) and calibrating the waveform by using the pulse square wave current obtained from the matched load, and carrying out sensitivity calibration and uncertainty transfer analysis on the pulse square wave current response waveform obtained from the coil to be detected to obtain the response parameter of the coil to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention provides a calibration device for a fast pulse measuring probe based on a coaxial line pulse forming principle, which is used for generating a reference current with traceable uncertainty to calibrate a common pulse current measuring probe, namely, the calibration device can calibrate the sensitivity and the frequency response of the probe and can give the uncertainty of the probe at the same time, thereby having very important significance for the stable and safe operation of a pulse power device.
2. Compared with other pulse current measuring probe calibration devices, the pulse current measuring probe calibration device provided by the invention can reduce the extrapolation range of the calibration result of the current measuring probe, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the calibration data, and is beneficial to developing the technical research of pulse large current measuring probe calibration.
3. The calibration device adopts a modular design concept, namely, each component unit in the calibration device is designed into an independent module, and the modules are assembled to complete the integral installation of the calibration platform, and a certain unit module can be maintained in a targeted manner.
4. The matched load adopts a coaxial radial structure, so that the structural inductance of the matched load is reduced, a high-voltage resistor and a low-voltage resistor in the matched load form a resistor divider, the pulse square wave voltage waveform of the inner cylinder of the pulse coaxial line can be measured, and the low-voltage resistor also forms a small-resistance divider, so that the pulse square wave current waveform passing through the pulse coaxial line can be measured; the radial structure also facilitates the connection of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder which are coaxial with the pulse.
5. The primary pulse source is formed by connecting a pulse capacitor, a gas spark switch and a charging inductor in series, so that pulse charging to the pulse forming line is realized, and further, pulse square waves with higher amplitude are obtained under lower charging voltage.
6. The pulse forming main switch is a short-gap high-pressure switch, so that the structural inductance of the switch is reduced, and faster leading-edge pulse square waves can be obtained on a matched load.
7. The matched load comprises ten resistor branches, each branch comprises a high-voltage resistor and a low-voltage resistor, the resistance value of the high-voltage resistor is 50 ohms, the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor is 0.5 ohms, and the structural inductance of the matched load is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse forming main switch according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse forming line according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a coaxial radial matched load of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the calibration chamber and matched load connection of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a pulse square wave in a nanosecond pulse square wave current source according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the resistor divider in the matched load of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-primary pulse source, 2-pulse forming line, 3-pulse forming main switch, 4-pulse transmission line, 5-calibration cavity, 6-matched load, 21-pulse forming line inner cylinder, 22-pulse forming line outer cylinder, 23-sealing connecting piece, 24-sealing plate, 25-liquid inlet, 26-liquid outlet, 27-air outlet, 28-through hole, 31-insulating shell, 32-switch upper electrode, 33-switch lower electrode, 51-calibration cavity outer cylinder, 52-calibration cavity inner cylinder, 61-matched load inner ring, 62-matched load middle ring, 63-matched load outer ring, 64-high-voltage resistor, 65-low-voltage resistor and 66-cable connector.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the calibration of a pulse current measuring probe by square wave pulses with nanosecond rise time and certain amplitude is a reliable implementation method, and one of the core problems is how to obtain the measurement uncertainty of the pulse calibration current. The invention provides a calibration device for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulse current source, which can calibrate the sensitivity and the frequency response of the probe and give the uncertainty of the probe at the same time, and has very important significance for the stable and safe operation of a pulse power device.
The principle of the calibration device of the invention is as follows: firstly, a primary pulse source 1 is charged by direct current, the charging voltage range is 10-50 kV, when the charging voltage reaches a set value, the primary pulse source 1 outputs microsecond-magnitude pulse voltage, the pulse voltage is loaded on a pulse forming line 2, pulse charging is carried out on a pulse forming main switch 3 through the pulse forming line 2, when the self-breakdown voltage of the pulse forming main switch 3 is reached, the pulse forming main switch 3 is conducted, a pulse square wave is generated, and finally the pulse square wave is transmitted to a calibration cavity 5 and a matched load 6 through a pulse transmission line 4 and used for calibrating a probe to be tested.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulse current source, which includes a primary pulse source 1, a pulse forming line 2, a pulse forming main switch 3, a pulse transmission line 4, a calibration chamber 5 and a matching load 6, which are connected in sequence; specifically, a primary pulse source 1 and a pulse forming line 2 are connected through a fastening screw, a pulse forming main switch 3 is bridged between the pulse forming line 2 and a pulse transmission line 4, and a calibration cavity 5 and a matching load 6 are sequentially connected to the tail end of the pulse transmission line 4 through the fastening screw.
The primary pulse source 1 is composed of a pulse capacitor, a gas spark switch and a charging inductor in series connection, and the charging inductor is of a solenoid structure. The primary pulse source 1 realizes pulse charging to the pulse forming line 2, and further realizes obtaining of a pulse square wave with a higher amplitude under a lower charging voltage.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pulse forming line 2, and the pulse forming line 2 includes a pulse forming line inner cylinder 21, a pulse forming line outer cylinder 22, a seal connecting member 23, and a seal plate 24; the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21 is positioned at the axis position of the pulse forming line outer cylinder 22, and the cylinder wall of the pulse forming line outer cylinder 22 is provided with a liquid inlet 25, a liquid outlet 26 and an air release port 27; a through hole 28 is arranged on the wall of the pulse forming wire inner cylinder 21 (liquid in the pulse forming wire outer cylinder 22 enters the pulse forming wire inner cylinder 21); the sealing connecting pieces 23 are arranged at two sides of the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21 and are used for being electrically connected with the primary pulse source 1 and the pulse forming main switch 3 and sealing two ends of the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21; the sealing plate 24 is arranged on two sides of the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21 and the pulse forming line outer cylinder 22, the sealing plate 24 can be an organic glass plate, the pulse forming line outer cylinder 22 is sealed to be in water sealing through the organic glass plate, and the organic glass plate has the other effect of supporting the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21 and is also used for high-voltage pulse insulation between the pulse forming line inner cylinder 21 and the pulse forming line outer cylinder 22.
The pulse forming line 2 and the pulse transmission line 4 have the same structure, the outer cylinder of the pulse transmission line 4 and the pulse form a main switch and a calibration cavity respectively through a flange and a bolt, and the sealing connecting piece of the pulse transmission line is electrically connected with the pulse forming main switch and the calibration cavity.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pulse forming main switch 3 according to the present invention, the pulse forming main switch 3 may be a short-gap high-pressure switch, and includes an insulating housing 31, a switch upper electrode 32, and a switch lower electrode 33, the insulating housing 31 is a sleeve-shaped structure, and the switch upper electrode 32 and the switch lower electrode 33 are respectively disposed at two ends of the insulating housing 31. The pulse forming main switch 3 works in a self-breakdown mode, a working gas medium is nitrogen (N2), the switch upper electrode 32 is a flat bulb electrode, the chamfer angle of the edge of the electrode is R2.5mm, the switch lower electrode 33 is a round bulb electrode, the radius of the bulb is 7.5mm, the switch electrode is brass (H62), and the switch insulating shell 31 is made of organic glass. The discharge gap of the pulse forming main switch 3 is designed to be adjustable within 1-7 mm, and the gap distance is adjusted through a gasket at the electrode end of the flat ball head. When the discharge gap of the main switch is 4mm, the self-breakdown voltage of the main switch can reach 100kV when the inflation pressure of the main switch reaches 0.6MPa, the gap of the main switch is 5mm, and the designed switch endures the pressure of 1 MPa.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coaxial radial matching load 6 according to the present invention, where the matching load 6 includes a plurality of high-voltage resistors 64, a plurality of low-voltage resistors 65, and a matching load inner ring 61, a matching load intermediate ring 62, and a matching load outer ring 63 that are coaxially nested in sequence from inside to outside; ten high-voltage resistors 64 are uniformly distributed and radially fixedly arranged between the matched load inner ring 61 and the matched load intermediate ring 62 and are respectively and electrically connected with the matched load inner ring 61 and the matched load intermediate ring 62, ten low-voltage resistors 65 are uniformly distributed and radially fixedly arranged between the matched load intermediate ring 62 and the matched load outer ring 63 and are respectively and electrically connected with the matched load intermediate ring 62 and the matched load outer ring 63, the bottom of the matched load outer ring 63 is grounded, and the matched load inner ring 61 is electrically connected with the pulse transmission line 4.
The matching load inner ring 61 is in a decagon structure, a round hole is formed in the center of each side, and a through hole 28 is formed in the center of the bottom of the matching load inner ring 61, so that the matching load inner ring can be conveniently connected with the inner cylinder of the pulse forming line 2; one end of the high-voltage resistor 64 is connected with one side of the matching load inner ring 61 through a fastening screw, and the other end of the high-voltage resistor 64 is connected with one ends of the matching load middle ring 62 and the low-voltage resistor 65 through a through screw; the other end of the low-voltage resistor 65 is connected with one side of the matching load outer ring 63 through a fastening screw, a cable joint 66 for measuring pulse signals is arranged on one side of the matching load outer ring 63, and the cable joint 66 is connected with the connection part of the low-voltage resistor 65 and the matching load intermediate ring 62 through a lead. Alternatively, the cable connector 66 is arranged on the matching load outer ring 63 or the matching load inner ring 61 in an insulated manner and is electrically connected with the matching load intermediate ring 62 through a conducting wire, or the cable connector 66 is directly electrically connected with the matching load intermediate ring 62. The high voltage resistor 64 may have a resistance of 50 ohms; the low voltage resistor 65 may have a resistance of 0.5 ohms.
The matched load 6 of the invention realizes the coaxial terminal impedance matching of the pulse forming line 2 and the pulse transmission line 4 in the pulse power technology, and can measure the nanosecond-level high-voltage pulse waveform on the pulse coaxial line and the pulse current waveform passing through the pulse coaxial line. As can be seen from fig. 7, the high-voltage pulse Ui (i.e., the pulse square wave transmitted by the pulse transmission line 4) of the matched load 6 is sequentially connected in series with the high-voltage resistor 64 and the low-voltage resistor 65, one end of the low-voltage resistor 65 is connected with the high-voltage resistor 64, and the other end is grounded; one end of the high-voltage resistor 64 is connected with the low-voltage resistor 65 and is also connected with a measuring cable Z, and R0 is a measuring matching resistor. The high-voltage pulse Ui is loaded on the high-voltage resistor 64, the high-voltage resistor 64 and the low-voltage resistor 65 form a voltage dividing circuit, a low-voltage pulse with the same waveform as the high-voltage pulse to be detected can be obtained on the low-voltage resistor 65, the proportional relation between the high-voltage pulse Ui and the low-voltage resistor is the sensitivity of the resistor voltage divider, and the value of the sensitivity is the resistance ratio of the high-voltage resistor 64 to the low-voltage resistor 65. When measuring data such as current and voltage of the matched load 6, the measuring device is connected to the cable connector 66, and the waveform measured by the low-voltage resistor 65 is input to the oscilloscope through the coaxial signal cable Z and presents the final pulse waveform.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of connection between a calibration chamber 5 and a matching load 6 according to the present invention, where the calibration chamber 5 includes a calibration chamber outer cylinder 51 and a calibration chamber inner cylinder 52, the calibration chamber outer cylinder 51 is sleeved outside the calibration chamber inner cylinder 52, the calibration chamber outer cylinder 51 is disposed between a pulse forming line outer cylinder of a pulse transmission line 4 and a matching load outer ring 63, and is connected by a flange, and the calibration chamber inner cylinder 52 is disposed between a sealing connection member of the pulse transmission line 4 and the matching load inner ring 61, and is electrically connected by crimping.
Specific application examples are given below: in a typical pulse power source, the impedance of the pulse forming line is 5 ohms, the electrical length is 100ns, the pulse forming line terminal utilizes the coaxial radial matching load of the present invention to perform impedance matching, when the charging voltage on the pulse coaxial line is 50kV, a square wave with a pulse voltage amplitude of 50kV and a pulse current amplitude of 10.3kA can be measured on the matching load, and the leading edge of the pulse square wave is 8.3ns, as shown in fig. 6. The uncertainty of the pulse current amplitude is analyzed, and the uncertainty of the measurement is 3.5% (the extended uncertainty factor k is 2).
The invention realizes the traceability and standardized calibration of the fast pulse measuring probe so as to obtain accurate and reliable amplitude response and frequency response of the measuring probe.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a calibration method of the calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source, which comprises the following steps:
1. installing a coil to be tested in a calibration chamber 5;
2. the method comprises the following steps that (1) direct current charging is carried out on a primary pulse source 1, when charging voltage reaches a set value, a gas spark switch in the primary pulse source is conducted, and the primary pulse source outputs microsecond-magnitude pulse voltage;
3. the pulse voltage is loaded on the pulse forming line 2, the pulse forming main switch 3 is subjected to pulse charging through the pulse forming line 2, and when the self-breakdown voltage of the pulse forming main switch 3 is reached, the pulse forming main switch 3 is switched on and generates a pulse square wave current;
4. the pulse square wave current is transmitted to a calibration cavity 5 and a matched load 6 through a pulse transmission line 4, the matched load obtains the waveform of the pulse square wave current, and the coil to be tested obtains the response waveform of the pulse square wave current;
5. and calibrating the waveform by using the pulse square wave current obtained from the matched load, and carrying out sensitivity calibration and uncertainty transfer analysis on the pulse square wave current response waveform obtained from the coil to be detected to obtain the response parameter of the coil to be detected. Specifically, the sensitivity of the coil to be measured is obtained through the ratio of the pulse voltage amplitude of the calibration waveform to the pulse voltage amplitude of the response waveform, and the time response parameter of the coil to be measured is obtained through the pulse rise time of the response waveform. These two parameters are the response parameters of the coil to be measured.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a be used for calibration equipment of fast pulse measurement probe based on pulse current source which characterized in that: the device comprises a primary pulse source (1), a pulse forming line (2), a pulse forming main switch (3), a pulse transmission line (4), a calibration cavity (5) and a matching load (6) which are connected in sequence;
the matched load (6) comprises a plurality of high-voltage resistors (64), a plurality of low-voltage resistors (65), and a matched load inner ring (61), a matched load middle ring (62) and a matched load outer ring (63) which are coaxially and sequentially arranged from inside to outside;
the high-voltage resistors (64) are arranged between the matching load inner ring (61) and the matching load intermediate ring (62) and are respectively and electrically connected with the matching load inner ring (61) and the matching load intermediate ring (62), the low-voltage resistors (65) are arranged between the matching load intermediate ring (62) and the matching load outer ring (63) and are respectively and electrically connected with the matching load intermediate ring (62) and the matching load outer ring (63), the matching load outer ring (63) is grounded, and the matching load inner ring (61) is electrically connected with the pulse transmission line (4);
the pulse forming line (2) comprises a pulse forming line inner cylinder (21), a pulse forming line outer cylinder (22), a sealing connecting piece (23) and a sealing plate (24);
the pulse forming line outer cylinder (22) is coaxially arranged outside the pulse forming line inner cylinder (21), and the cylinder wall of the pulse forming line outer cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet (25), a liquid outlet (26) and a gas release opening (27); a through hole (28) is formed in the wall of the pulse forming wire inner cylinder (21);
the sealing connecting pieces (23) are arranged on two sides of the pulse forming line inner cylinder (21) and are used for being electrically connected with the primary pulse source (1) and the pulse forming main switch (3); the sealing plates (24) are arranged on two sides of the pulse forming line inner cylinder (21) and the pulse forming line outer cylinder (22) and seal the pulse forming line outer cylinder (22);
the pulse transmission line (4) and the pulse forming line (2) are identical in structure, and a sealing connecting piece of the pulse transmission line (4) is electrically connected with the pulse forming main switch (3) and the calibration cavity (5).
2. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: pulse formation main switch (3) are including insulating casing (31), switch upper electrode (32) and switch bottom electrode (33), insulating casing (31) are cover barrel-shaped structure, switch upper electrode (32) are flat bulb electrode, switch bottom electrode (33) are ball head electrode, switch upper electrode (32) and switch bottom electrode (33) set up the both ends at insulating casing (31) respectively.
3. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the utility model discloses a switch, including switch upper electrode (32), switch lower electrode (33), insulating casing (31), the electrode edge chamfer of switch upper electrode (32) is R2.5mm, the bulb radius of switch lower electrode (33) is 7.5mm, the clearance between switch upper electrode (32) and switch lower electrode (33) is 1 ~ 7mm, and the material is brass, the material of insulating casing (31) is organic glass, and the working gas medium in insulating casing (31) is nitrogen gas.
4. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the primary pulse source (1) is formed by connecting a pulse capacitor, a gas spark switch and a charging inductor in series, and the charging inductor is of a solenoid structure.
5. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the cross sections of the matching load inner ring (61), the matching load middle ring (62) and the matching load outer ring (63) are regular polygons, one end of the matching load inner ring (61) is provided with a bottom cover, and the center of the bottom cover is provided with a connecting through hole.
6. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the matched load (6) further comprises a cable connector (66) used for measuring the pulse signal, and the cable connector (66) is electrically connected with the joint of the low-voltage resistor (65) and the matched load intermediate ring (62) through a lead.
7. The calibration device for the fast pulse measurement probe based on the pulse current source as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the calibration cavity (5) comprises a calibration cavity outer cylinder (51) and a calibration cavity inner cylinder (52), the calibration cavity outer cylinder (51) is sleeved on the outer side of the calibration cavity inner cylinder (52), the calibration cavity outer cylinder (51) is arranged between the pulse transmission line (4) and the matching load outer ring (63) and is connected through a flange, and the calibration cavity inner cylinder (52) is arranged between the pulse transmission line (4) and the matching load inner ring (61) and is electrically connected in a crimping mode.
8. The pulsed current source based calibration device for fast pulse measurement probes according to claim 7, wherein: the matched load (6) comprises ten high-voltage resistors (64) and ten low-voltage resistors (65), wherein the ten high-voltage resistors (64) are uniformly distributed on the circumference and radially fixed between the matched load inner ring (61) and the matched load middle ring (62); ten low-voltage resistors (65) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and radially fixed between the matching load middle ring (62) and the matching load outer ring (63), the resistance value of the high-voltage resistor (64) is 50 ohms, the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor (65) is 0.5 ohms, the characteristic impedance of the calibration cavity (5) is 98 ohms, and the electrical length is 0.1 ns; the characteristic impedance of the pulse forming line (2) is 5 omega, and the electrical length is 100 ns; the characteristic impedance of the pulse transmission line (4) is 5 omega, and the electrical length is 100 ns.
9. A calibration method using the calibration apparatus for a fast pulse measurement probe based on a pulsed current source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
1) installing a coil to be tested in a calibration chamber;
2) the primary pulse source is charged by direct current, and outputs microsecond-magnitude pulse voltage when the charging voltage reaches a set value;
3) loading pulse voltage output by a primary pulse source on a pulse forming line, carrying out pulse charging on a pulse forming main switch through a pulse forming line, and conducting the pulse forming main switch after the self-breakdown voltage of the pulse forming main switch is reached and generating a pulse square wave current;
4) the pulse square wave current obtained in the step 3) is transmitted to a calibration cavity and a matched load through a pulse transmission line, the calibration waveform of the pulse square wave current is obtained on the matched load, and the response waveform of the pulse square wave current is obtained by a coil to be tested;
5) and calibrating the waveform by using the pulse square wave current obtained from the matched load, and carrying out sensitivity calibration and uncertainty transfer analysis on the pulse square wave current response waveform obtained from the coil to be detected to obtain the response parameter of the coil to be detected.
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CN110031789B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2022-04-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Full-range calibration device and calibration method for high-voltage nanosecond pulse voltage divider scale factor |
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