CN109557435A - A kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge acquisition judgment method - Google Patents
A kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge acquisition judgment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109557435A CN109557435A CN201811486671.8A CN201811486671A CN109557435A CN 109557435 A CN109557435 A CN 109557435A CN 201811486671 A CN201811486671 A CN 201811486671A CN 109557435 A CN109557435 A CN 109557435A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
Abstract
A kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge acquisition judgment method.Provide one kind can synchronous acquisition, improve Measurement reliability cable synchronizing partial discharge acquisition judgment method.Including test macro, the test macro includes several High Frequency Current Sensors, several high-speed sampling units, data processing unit and computer；Several High Frequency Current Sensors form several data collection points, are connected between data collection point by optical fiber and realize Data Concurrent transmission；Using digital frequency-selecting formula detection mode, digital adjustment is carried out to centre frequency, bandwidth respectively, and is fitted to multichannel collecting waveform and shows on the computer screen, observes and judges for user.The progress digital signal conversion of collected data is filtered out interference by the present invention, improves reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable monitoring fields more particularly to a kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge to acquire judgment method.
Background technique
In numerous cable monitoring means, shelf depreciation (i.e. partial discharge) test being capable of relatively intuitive effective reflection influence electricity
The defect of cable service life and safe operation.The tendency of the reason of partial discharge is insulation fault and insulation fault, monitoring shelf depreciation are existing
As if the effective means of prevention electrical equipment fault.
Causing bubble-discharge, conductive impurity to exist inside the main reason for generation partial discharge such as insulator there are air gap makes side
There is partial discharge, since electric field is concentrated and generates partial discharge on air interface in electric field in cause；Therefore, test partial discharge sets electric power
Standby fault diagnosis is significant.
Currently, in the prior art, there are due to local discharge signal, signal is decayed in long cable when spot measurement partial discharge
And the problem of can not capturing, it is not easy to acquire, affects the reliability of test.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above problems, provide one kind can synchronous acquisition, improve the cable synchronizing office of Measurement reliability
Put acquisition judgment method.
The technical scheme is that include test macro, if the test macro include several High Frequency Current Sensors,
Dry high-speed sampling unit, data processing unit and computer；
Several High Frequency Current Sensor intervals are connected on cable, the High Frequency Current Sensor and high-speed sampling unit one
One is correspondingly connected with；Meanwhile first high-speed sampling unit be connected with data processing unit, data processing unit is connected with computer；
Adjacent data processing unit is connected by optical fiber two-by-two；
Several High Frequency Current Sensors form several data collection points, are connected between data collection point by optical fiber and realize number
According to concurrently transmitting；
Using digital frequency-selecting formula detection mode, digital adjustment is carried out to centre frequency, bandwidth respectively, and be fitted to multichannel
Acquisition waveform is shown on the computer screen, is observed and is judged for user.
Wherein, Bandwidth adjustment utilizes covariance matrix structure, and adjustment mode is as follows:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, N-1
Wherein, a is amplitude,It is phase, ωcIt is signal center frequency, ωBIt is signal bandwidth, N is data sequence length,
E (t) is that mean value is zero, variance σ2Multiple Gauss additive noise, it is mutually indepedent with signal phase；
It is assumed that a > 0, ωc∈ (- π, π), ωBValue is determined for one,It is uniformly distributed between (- π, π)；
Definition vector:
Y (t) [y (t) ..., y (t+m-1)]T, t=0 ..., M-1
Wherein, M=N-m+1, when the long m of window is bigger than sine wave quantity, covariance matrix R=E [y (t) yHIt (T)] is low-rank
When, using root-MUSINC algorithm, R is unknown under normal conditions, need to construct a sample covariance matrix:
Initially set up the relationship between vector and matrix:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, M-1
Wherein, x (t)=D (ωc)b(ωB,t)x(t)
D(ωc)=diag [a (eiωc)]
Wherein, a (z)=[1z```zm-1]T
Therefore, by the above available sample covariance matrix:
Wherein, P=a2, and
For the influence of noise, its mean value is σ2I, RxIt can be write as:
Rx=PD (ωc)BM(ωB)DH(ωc)
B in above formulaM(ωB) it is Hermitian matrix, its (k, 1) a element can be acquired by down
Wherein, M is hits；
Meanwhile the method based on subspace is introduced, since covariance matrix is approximate deficient order, can incite somebody to actionIt is decomposed into letter
The noise subspace in work song space is no signal subspace and noise subspace for non-singular matrix, is taken as empty son
Space, below by R andIt is decomposed into empty subspace:
R=U Λ UH+VΓVH
Wherein, U Λ UHIt is the part of empty signal, V " VHIt is the part of empty noise；
Specific algorithm are as follows: A (R, d) is enabled to indicate that root-MUSIC algorithm, d indicate the frequency that covariance matrix R is estimated
Number, definition:
A (R, d)={ v1..., vd}
It is assumed that centre frequency ωc=0, then algorithm meets A (BM, 1)=0, since signal is symmetrical frequency spectrum in frequency domain,
Then have
A(BM(ωB), 2)={-v/2, v/2 }
Define frequency interval are as follows:
gM(ωB)=v
As frequency interval gM(ωB) and bandwidth omegaBWhen being one-to-one functional relation, then bandwidth can be by frequency interval
It determines, so estimating two frequencies by root-MUSIC:
Thus, it is possible to obtain bandwidth:
The high-speed sampling unit includes FPGA main control module, arm processor, sampling module, analog-to-digital conversion module, data
Cache module, communication module and power management module,
The sampling module includes AD sampling module and synchronization signal sampling module,
The AD sampling module connects FPGA main control module by analog-to-digital conversion module, and the synchronization signal sampling module is logical
Analog-to-digital conversion module connection arm processor is crossed, realizes and the current signal of acquisition is converted into data；
The FPGA main control module interacts with arm processor and connects data processing unit by communication module, processing
Data afterwards are stored to data cache module.
The data processing unit includes FPGA computing module, ARM microprocessor, data cache module and communication module,
The FPGA computing module interacts with ARM microprocessor and connects computer by communication module, and treated
Data are stored to data cache module.
The present invention provides a kind of tandems can expand multichannel collecting mode, including several collection point (data collection points
1, data collection point 2, data collection point 3, data collection point 4), it is real by optical fiber cascade between data collection point
Existing mass data concurrently transmits；It can show that partial discharge is observed convenient for user and judged to multiple channel waveform situations on the screen
Situation.
The progress digital signal conversion of collected data is filtered out into interference, improves reliability；It is detected using digital frequency-selecting formula
Mode carries out digital adjustment, and is fitted to centre frequency, bandwidth (carrying out Bandwidth adjustment using covariance matrix structure) respectively
Multichannel collecting waveform is observed and is judged for user.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention,
Fig. 2 is the structural block diagram of high-speed sampling unit,
Fig. 3 is the structural block diagram of data processing unit；
1 is High Frequency Current Sensor in figure, and 2 be high-speed sampling unit, and 3 be data processing unit, and 4 be computer.
Specific embodiment
The present invention as shown in Figure 1-3, include test macro, if the test macro include several High Frequency Current Sensors 1,
Dry high-speed sampling unit 2, data processing unit 3 and computer 4；
Several High Frequency Current Sensor intervals are connected on cable, the High Frequency Current Sensor and high-speed sampling unit one
One is correspondingly connected with；Meanwhile first high-speed sampling unit be connected with data processing unit, data processing unit is connected with computer；
Adjacent data processing unit is connected by optical fiber two-by-two；
Several High Frequency Current Sensors form several data collection points, are connected between data collection point by optical fiber and realize number
According to concurrently transmitting；
Using digital frequency-selecting formula detection mode, digital adjustment is carried out to centre frequency, bandwidth respectively, and be fitted to multichannel
Acquisition waveform is shown on the computer screen, is observed and is judged for user.
In concrete application, since local discharge signal is in length when in order to solve the spot measurement partial discharge of routine currently on the market
The problem of signal is decayed and can not be captured in cable proposes that tandem can expand multichannel collecting mode, data collection point 1, number
According to collection point 2, data collection point 3, data collection point 4, realized greatly between data collection point by optical fiber cascade
Measure Data Concurrent transmission；It can show that partial discharge feelings are observed convenient for user and judged to multiple channel waveform situations on the screen
Condition.
The progress digital signal conversion of collected data is filtered out into interference.
Using digital frequency-selecting formula detection mode, (bandwidth is carried out using covariance matrix structure to centre frequency, bandwidth respectively
Adjustment) digital adjustment is carried out, and be fitted to multichannel collecting waveform and observe and judge for user.
Partial discharge signal has more special spectrogram, and there are apparent differences with background interference frequency spectrum.The purpose of frequency-selecting
It is that will test frequency selection maximum position of difference both in spectrogram to measure, obtains optimal anti-jamming effectiveness.
Preferable pulse-echo positioning figure can be extracted in selected Best Frequency Range, by background signal drawn game
Discharge signal area preferably distinguishes.
Wherein covariance matrix structure carries out Bandwidth adjustment, and adjustment mode is as follows:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, N-1
Wherein, a is amplitude,It is phase, ω c is signal center frequency, and ω B is signal bandwidth, and N is that data sequence is long
Degree, e (t) is that mean value is zero, variance σ2Multiple Gauss additive noise, it is mutually indepedent with signal phase.
It is assumed that a > 0, ωc∈ (- π, π), ωBValue is determined for one,It is uniformly distributed between (- π, π).
Definition vector:
Y (t)=[y (t) ..., y (t+m-1)]T, t=0 ... M-1
Wherein, M=N-m+1, when the long m of window is bigger than sine wave quantity, covariance matrix R=E [y (t) yHIt (T)] is low-rank
When, it can use root-MUSINC algorithm, R is unknown under normal conditions, need to construct a sample covariance matrix:
Initially set up the relationship between vector and matrix:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, M-1
Wherein, x (t)=D (ωc)b(ωB,t)x(t)
D(ωc)=diag [a (eiωc)]
Wherein, a (z)=[1z```zm-1]T
Therefore, by the above available sample covariance matrix:
Wherein, P=a2, and
For the influence of noise, its mean value is σ2I, RxIt can be write as:
Rx=PD (ωc)BM(ωB)DH(ωc)
B in above formulaM(ωB) it is Hermitian matrix, its (k, 1) a element can be acquired by down
Wherein, M is hits；Matrix BMNon-singular matrix, have to biggish characteristic value just to occupy main status
Can be with, therefore the method based on subspace can be introduced, it, can will since covariance matrix is approximate deficient orderIt is decomposed into letter
The noise subspace in work song space, but Specifically, it is no signal subspace and noise subspace for non-singular matrix, incites somebody to action
It takes empty subspace as, below by R andIt is decomposed into empty subspace:
R=U Λ UH+VΓVH
Wherein, U Λ UHIt is the part of empty signal, V " VHBe the part of empty noise, specific algorithm be described below, enable A (R,
D) indicate that root-MUSIC algorithm, d indicate the frequency number that covariance matrix R is estimated, definition:
A (R, d)={ v1..., vd}
It is assumed that centre frequency ωc=0, then algorithm meets A (BM, 1)=0, since signal is symmetrical frequency spectrum in frequency domain,
Then have
A(BM(ωB), 2)={-v/2, v/2 }
Define frequency interval are as follows:
gM(ωB)=v
As frequency interval gM(ωB) and bandwidth omegaBWhen being one-to-one functional relation, then bandwidth can be by frequency interval
It determines, so estimating two frequencies by root-MUSIC:
Thus, it is possible to obtain bandwidth:
The high-speed sampling unit includes FPGA main control module, arm processor, sampling module, analog-to-digital conversion module, data
Cache module, communication module and power management module,
The sampling module includes AD sampling module and synchronization signal sampling module,
The AD sampling module connects FPGA main control module by analog-to-digital conversion module, and the synchronization signal sampling module is logical
Analog-to-digital conversion module connection arm processor is crossed, realizes and the current signal of acquisition is converted into data；
The FPGA main control module interacts with arm processor and connects data processing unit by communication module, processing
Data afterwards are stored to data cache module.
For high-speed sampling unit by autonomous Design, sampling high performance FPGA and ARM is main core processor, cooperates with work
Make.Two-way A/D chip uses the AD9926 of 65M sample rate, and resolution ratio is 12.It is big that system devises power management module cooperation
The lithium battery of capacity works, and meets equipment continuous 12 hours and works.Equipment can support online mode and offline mode, off-line mode
For power saving sleep pattern；And optical fiber TX and the RX interface for devising uplink and downlink meets series devices use.Equipment uses
The DDR3 of 1G meets data buffer storage needs.Equipment is interacted using high-performance ARM with FPGA, in order to realize the high speed of mass data
Compression and transmission demand.
The data processing unit includes FPGA computing module, ARM microprocessor, data cache module and communication module,
The FPGA computing module interacts with ARM microprocessor and connects computer by communication module, and treated
Data are stored to data cache module.
The data that data processing unit had both transmitted optical fiber unzip it, then through FPGA parallel computation, finally lead to
USB transmission is crossed into computer.USB interacts with a computer some test parameters simultaneously.DDR3 is as optical fiber transceiving data and meter
The caching for calculating concurrent data uses；Equipment is powered by USB.
The present invention includes several High Frequency Current Sensors, several high-speed sampling units, data processing unit and computer；If
Dry High Frequency Current Sensor interval is connected on cable, and the High Frequency Current Sensor and high-speed sampling unit correspond and connect
It connects, so that cable is there are when shelf depreciation, the impulse waveform of electric discharge can be carried out capturing in entire cable, solve now
In the market conventional spot measurement partial discharge when due to local discharge signal signal is decayed and can not be captured in long cable the problem of.
The invention has the following advantages that
1) the concurrently transmission of big data quantity；Since optical fiber uses series model, guarantee multi-pass up to greatly in concatenated optical fiber
Measure Data Concurrent transmission；
2) the concurrent operation of mass data；Since mass data is concurrently transmitted to the data processing unit beside computer；
Data processing unit needs the concurrent data of multiple spot to carry out concurrent；
3) interaction between concurrent data and computer；A large amount of concurrent data uses to be transmitted between USB2.0 and computer
Interaction；Computer only needs to show the data that data processing unit calculates.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge acquires judgment method, which is characterized in that including test macro, if the test macro includes
Dry High Frequency Current Sensor, several high-speed sampling units, data processing unit and computer；
Several High Frequency Current Sensor intervals are connected on cable, and the High Frequency Current Sensor and high-speed sampling unit one are a pair of
It should connect；Meanwhile first high-speed sampling unit be connected with data processing unit, data processing unit is connected with computer；Two-by-two
Adjacent data processing unit is connected by optical fiber；
Several High Frequency Current Sensors form several data collection points, are connected between data collection point by optical fiber and realize data simultaneously
Hair transmission；
Using digital frequency-selecting formula detection mode, digital adjustment is carried out to centre frequency, bandwidth respectively, and be fitted to multichannel collecting
Waveform is shown on the computer screen, is observed and is judged for user.
2. a kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge according to claim 1 acquires judgment method, which is characterized in that wherein, bandwidth tune
Whole to utilize covariance matrix structure, adjustment mode is as follows:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, N-1
Wherein, a is amplitude,It is phase, ωcIt is signal center frequency, ωBIt is signal bandwidth, N is data sequence length, e (t)
It is mean value is zero, variance σ2Multiple Gauss additive noise, it is mutually indepedent with signal phase；
It is assumed that a > 0, ωc∈ (- π, π), ωBValue is determined for one,It is uniformly distributed between (- π, π)；
Definition vector:
Y (t)=[y (t) ..., y (t+m-1)]T, t=0 ..., M-1
Wherein, M=N-m+1, when the long m of window is bigger than sine wave quantity, covariance matrix R=E [y (t) yH(T)] be low-rank when, benefit
With root-MUSINC algorithm, R is unknown under normal conditions, needs to construct a sample covariance matrix:
Initially set up the relationship between vector and matrix:
Y (t)=x (t)+e (t) t=0,1,2, ``````, M-1
Wherein, x (t)=D (ωc)b(ωB,t)x(t)
D(ωc)=diag [a (eiωc)]
Wherein, a (z)=[1z```zm-1]T
Therefore, by the above available sample covariance matrix:
Wherein, P=a2, and
For the influence of noise, its mean value is σ2I, RxIt can be write as:
Rx=PD (ωc)BM(ωB)DH(ωc)
B in above formulaM(ωB) it is Hermitian matrix, its (k, 1) a element can be acquired by down
Wherein, M is hits；
Meanwhile the method based on subspace is introduced, since covariance matrix is approximate deficient order, can incite somebody to actionIt is decomposed into signal subspace
The noise subspace in space is no signal subspace and noise subspace for non-singular matrix, is taken as empty subspace,
Below by R andIt is decomposed into empty subspace:
R=U Λ UH+VΓVH
Wherein, U Λ UHIt is the part of empty signal, V Γ VHIt is the part of empty noise；
Specific algorithm are as follows: enable A (R, d) to indicate that root-MUSIC algorithm, d indicate the frequency number that covariance matrix R is estimated,
Definition:
A (R, d)={ v1..., vd}
It is assumed that centre frequency ωc=0, then algorithm meets A (BM, 1)=0, since signal is symmetrical frequency spectrum in frequency domain, then have
A(BM(ωB), 2)={-v/2v/2 }
Define frequency interval are as follows:
gM(ωB)=v
As frequency interval gM(ωB) and bandwidth omegaBWhen being one-to-one functional relation, then bandwidth can be determined by frequency interval,
So estimating two frequencies by root-MUSIC:
Thus, it is possible to obtain bandwidth:
3. a kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge according to claim 1 acquires judgment method, which is characterized in that the high-speed sampling
Unit include FPGA main control module, arm processor, sampling module, analog-to-digital conversion module, data cache module, communication module and
Power management module,
The sampling module includes AD sampling module and synchronization signal sampling module,
The AD sampling module connects FPGA main control module by analog-to-digital conversion module, and the synchronization signal sampling module passes through mould
Number conversion module connects arm processor, realizes the current signal of acquisition being converted to data；
The FPGA main control module interacts with arm processor and connects data processing unit by communication module, and treated
Data are stored to data cache module.
4. a kind of cable synchronizing partial discharge according to claim 1 acquires judgment method, which is characterized in that the data processing
Unit includes FPGA computing module, ARM microprocessor, data cache module and communication module,
The FPGA computing module interacts with ARM microprocessor and connects computer by communication module, data that treated
It stores to data cache module.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112816810A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Data acquisition device and data acquisition method |
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