CN109557383A - The band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of target Ka and device based on unmanned plane - Google Patents
The band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of target Ka and device based on unmanned plane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109557383A CN109557383A CN201811596080.6A CN201811596080A CN109557383A CN 109557383 A CN109557383 A CN 109557383A CN 201811596080 A CN201811596080 A CN 201811596080A CN 109557383 A CN109557383 A CN 109557383A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0871—Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
- B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
Abstract
The present invention discloses the band dual-polarized radiation information acquisition methods of the target Ka based on unmanned plane and device, can obtain the Ka wave band radiation characteristic of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization simultaneously, small in size, light-weight, easy to operate.Method includes: that (10) antenna temperature obtains: while acquiring the horizontal and vertical poliarizing antenna temperature of target；(20) radiation brightness inverting: according to antenna temperature, inverting obtains regarding in temperature.(30) polarization information is handled: polarizing target is regarded in temperature, obtains radiation information.Device includes the fixed band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka being equipped on unmanned plane, and radiometer includes that Ka wave band antenna (1), the first radiofrequency low-noise put (2), first detector (3), the first low-frequency amplifier (4), the second radiofrequency low-noise put (5), second detector (6), the second low-frequency amplifier (7), thermometer module (8), robot scaling equipment (9), wireless transport module (10) and data processing module (11).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to target acquisition monitoring technical field, especially a kind of target Ka based on unmanned plane is band dual-polarized
Radiate acquisition methods and device.
Background technique
According to Planck law, the substance in all natures all can be certainly as long as own temperature is in absolute zero or more
Hair launches outward electromagenetic wave radiation, and wherein microwave is electromagnetic wave of the frequency range in 0.3-300GHz.Microwave radiometer is one
Kind receives the highly sensitive receiver of weak electromagnetic wave radiation signal, can receive the natural radiation letter of various object targets
Number, the radiation of other radiation sources is reflected in heat radiation and target including target itself.
Ka wave band millimeter wave radiation detection is a kind of typical passive remote sensing detection mode.Currently, both at home and abroad about Ka wave
The research of section millimeter-wave radiation detection relates generally to the fields such as ocean, soil, lunar soil, main for the research of infrared radiation characteristics
It is related to meadow, metal, water surface etc..With the continuous development of Space Microwave remote sensing technology, airborne Ka band Microwave Radiometer system
Application it is also more and more extensive.It is low to face upward based on millimeter wave radiometer penetration capacity is strong, detection accuracy is high, sensitive detection parts are small in size
The good many merits of angle detectivity, it is in monitoring snow mountain Melting Glacierss, measurement soil moisture, tidal saltmarsh, the detection moon
Surface etc. is widely used.
And existing spaceborne, airborne radiation meter systems are all based on Dick's formula radiometer, wherein switching comprising Dick's formula
Equal components cause weight weight, volume big, usually to there is man-machine and satellite as platform, are not easy to realize UAV system.UAV flight
Millimeter wave radiometer be still in conceptual phase, can not obtain the test data of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization simultaneously, need manual
It dismantles radiometer and adjusts polarization direction, make to test very complicated.
Summary of the invention
The band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of the target Ka that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on unmanned plane, can be with
The Ka wave band radiation characteristic of target material horizontal polarization and vertical polarization is obtained simultaneously.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of band dual-polarized radiation acquisition device of UAV system Ka, small in size,
It is light-weight, easy to operate.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
A kind of band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of target Ka based on unmanned plane, include the following steps:
(10) antenna temperature obtains: using the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka based on unmanned plane, while acquiring the water of target
The antenna temperature in gentle vertical polarization channel；
(20) radiation brightness inverting: according to the antenna temperature of the horizontal and vertical POLARIZATION CHANNEL of target, inverting is tested
Target is regarded in temperature.
(30) polarization information is handled: to target depending on being polarised in temperature, obtaining the radiation information of target.
Realize the technical solution of another object of the present invention are as follows:
It is a kind of for realizing information acquisition method described in one of claims 1 to 3 based on the target Ka based on unmanned plane
Band dual-polarized radiation acquisition device, including unmanned plane and the fixed band dual-polarized radiation of Ka being equipped on the unmanned plane
Meter, the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka include that Ka wave band antenna 1, the first radiofrequency low-noise put 2, first detector 3, the first low frequency
Amplifier 4, the second radiofrequency low-noise put 5, second detector 6, the second low-frequency amplifier 7, thermometer module 8, robot scaling equipment 9, nothing
Line transmission module 10 and data processing module 11；The Ka wave band antenna 1 is directed at measured target 12, and output end is respectively with first
Radiofrequency low-noise puts the input terminal that 2 put 5 with the second radiofrequency low-noise and is connected, and the input terminal of the first detector 3 is low with the first radio frequency
Make an uproar put 2 output end be connected, output end is connected with the input terminal of the first low-frequency amplifier 4, the input of the second detector 6
The output end for putting 5 with the second radiofrequency low-noise is held to be connected, output end is connected with the input terminal of the second low-frequency amplifier 7, described fixed
The first input end of device for mark 9 is connected with the output end of the first low-frequency amplifier 4 and the second low-frequency amplifier 7 respectively, the temperature
The input terminal of degree meter module 8 is connected with measured target 12, and output end is connected with the second input terminal of robot scaling equipment 9, described fixed
The output end of device for mark 9 is connected with the input terminal of wireless transport module 10, the output end and data of the wireless transport module 10
Processing module 11 is connected.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows:
1, device volume is small, light-weight: using total power direct amplifier system radiometer, eliminates in traditional Dick's formula radiometer
Components such as " DICKE switches " do not contain local oscillator using direct amplifier system receiving module, and radiofrequency low-noise is put amplifier and wave detector is pacified
In the same cavity, keep structure simple, compact, small in size, gross mass is less than 2KG, it is easy to accomplish UAV system.
2, simple and convenient: the device connects two lens antennas using waveguide bend, convenient for obtaining the water of target simultaneously
Mean poleization and vertical polarization radiation information, without manually adjusting antenna polarization direction；Using wireless system for transmitting data, Ke Yiyuan
Journey operation, keeps test process simpler convenient.
3, platform flexibility is good: there is ability to work all-time anf all-weather, it can be under all kinds of cigarettes, mist, haze state just
Often work, unmanned plane Millimeter Wave Radiometric Characteristic application can be suitble to practical application that is various far and near and being not easy contact target state
Condition, carrying platform have great flexibility.
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of main flow chart of the band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of UAV system Ka of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the band dual-polarized radiation acquisition device of UAV system Ka of the present invention.
In figure, Ka wave band antenna 1, the first radiofrequency low-noise puts 2, first detector 3, the first low-frequency amplifier 4, the second radio frequency
Low noise 5, second detector 6, the second low-frequency amplifier 7, thermometer module 8, robot scaling equipment 9, wireless transport module 10, data
Processing module 11.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of the target Ka of unmanned plane, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
(10) antenna temperature obtains: using the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka based on unmanned plane, while acquiring the water of target
The antenna temperature in gentle vertical polarization channel；
(20) radiation brightness inverting: according to the antenna temperature of the horizontal and vertical POLARIZATION CHANNEL of target, inverting is tested
Target is regarded in temperature.
(30) polarization information is handled: to target depending on being polarised in temperature, obtaining the radiation information of target.
Preferably,
The band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka connects two lens antennas using waveguide bend, to obtain simultaneously horizontal and vertical
The antenna temperature of straight POLARIZATION CHANNEL.
Compared with using the conventional radiation meter of single-polarized antenna, it can be obtained without manual teardown radiometer rotable antenna
Dual polarised radiation information, it is easy to operate.
The band dual-polarized radiation acquisition of target Ka based on unmanned plane can be divided into two-way progress: be to carry out Ka millimeter wave all the way
The horizontal polarization Analysis of Radiation Characteristics of radiometer system.It is the vertical polarization radiation spy for carrying out Ka millimeter-wave radiation meter systems all the way
Property analysis.The output result of two-way sends back software control end by wireless transmitting system, obtains system calibration equation.Pass through inverting
Operation obtains the radiation characteristic of target material.Especially this method has ability to work all-time anf all-weather, can be all kinds of
It is worked normally under cigarette, mist, haze state.Ka Millimeter Wave Radiometric Characteristic can be used as continental rise, airborne and spaceborne application, can administer each
The practical application condition of the far and near state of kind, the versatility with carrying platform.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is based on the band dual-polarized radiation acquisition device of target Ka based on unmanned plane, including nobody
Machine and the fixed band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka being equipped on the unmanned plane, the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka includes Ka wave
Section antenna 1, the first radiofrequency low-noise put 2, first detector 3, the first low-frequency amplifier 4, the second radiofrequency low-noise and put the 5, second detection
Device 6, the second low-frequency amplifier 7, thermometer module 8, robot scaling equipment 9, wireless transport module 10 and data processing module 11；
The Ka wave band antenna 1 is directed at measured target 12, and output end puts 2 and second radio frequency with the first radiofrequency low-noise respectively
The input terminal of low noise 5 is connected, and the input terminal of the first detector 3 is connected with the output end that the first radiofrequency low-noise puts 2, defeated
Outlet is connected with the input terminal of the first low-frequency amplifier 4, and the input terminal and the second radiofrequency low-noise of the second detector 6 put 5
Output end is connected, and output end is connected with the input terminal of the second low-frequency amplifier 7, the first input end point of the robot scaling equipment 9
It is not connected with the output end of the first low-frequency amplifier 4 and the second low-frequency amplifier 7, the input terminal and quilt of the thermometer module 8
Survey target 12 be connected, output end is connected with the second input terminal of robot scaling equipment 9, the output end of the robot scaling equipment 9 with wirelessly
The input terminal of transmission module 10 is connected, and the output end of the wireless transport module 10 is connected with data processing module 11.
First radiofrequency low-noise put 2 and second radiofrequency low-noise put 5 gain be greater than 35dB.
Ka wave band radiate acquisition system use Ka wave band antenna, 1.5 ° of beam angle, centre frequency 35GHz, bandwidth 2GHz,
Low amplification gain is 35dB.Wave detector detects envelope signal；Low-frequency amplifier uses AC and DC both of which, can be according to wanting
Radiation characteristic test is asked to switch over；Thermometer module is used to acquire the temperature of measured target material；Robot scaling equipment believes voltage
Number turn to temperature signal；Test data is sent to software control end by wireless transport module；Data processing section includes that data are adopted
Collection and processing circuit, data display circuit.The function of the above circuit is exactly the millimeter wave Ka wave band radiation characteristic to target material
Carry out comprehensive distinguishing.
The course of work of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: carrying unmanned plane: the band dual-polarized radiometer of ka is carried upper unmanned aerial vehicle platform；
Step 2: system calibration: upper electric preheating 20-30min, by the standard blackbody carried in radiometer while to water
Flat/vertical polarization channel carries out system calibration；
Step 3: using Ka wave band, while acquiring the antenna temperature of the horizontal/vertical POLARIZATION CHANNEL of target；
Step 4: inverting obtains regarding in temperature according to the antenna temperature of sampling.
It is last: ground control terminal being returned by the data transmission that wireless transmitting system acquires radiometer, is carried out by software
Polarization process to obtain the radiation information of measured target, and can keep test result more quasi- according to requiring timing to update
Really；
Big, the weight weight for current radiometer system volume, UAV system assembly difficulty is high, can not obtain horizontal pole simultaneously
Change the test data with vertical polarization, makes the problem of cumbersome complexity, the present invention provides a kind of UAV system Ka band duals
Polarized radiation meter systems, main innovation point are as follows:
(1) application of radiometer is concentrated mainly on remote sensing and special military field, microwave especially passive millimeter wave at present
The degree of extensive functionization has not yet been reached in correlative study of the Ka wave band radiation in civilian nearly sense field, therefore carries out Ka wave band in advance
Dual polarization millimeter wave radiometer can make up the weak research link of related civil field application.
(2) passive millimeter wave radiometer detection has working performance all-time anf all-weather, can obtain bad weather, environment
The specific information that lower visible light and infrared detector cannot obtain.Material horizontal can be obtained simultaneously using dual polarization system to polarize
With the target Millimeter Wave Radiometric Characteristic of vertical polarization, scientific basis can be provided for the accurate judgement of objective attribute target attribute.
(3) integrated system is small in size, light-weight, can use wireless transmitting system realize UAV system detection information with
The alternating transmission of instruction is handled.
(4) regular surface target acquisition more options are especially a lack of microwave band in visible light or infrared band at present
Research conditions, such as by microwave band and visible light or the compound acquisition capability being greatly improved to target property waterborne of near-infrared.
Small drone detection at present is concentrated mainly on optics, infrared band, and microwave especially Ka wave band millimeter wave radiates
Rate measurement also reaches far away practical degree.Therefore the present invention proposes a kind of band dual-polarized radiometer of UAV system ka, leads to
The dual polarization acquisition of information to target is crossed, is handled to obtain radiation and the physical geometry spy of target through software by wireless transmitting system
Sign.Present invention application passive millimeter wave theory of radiation, according to the actual needs of civilian site Radiation biodosimetry, using Ka wave band
The radiation characteristic and parameter of Millimeter Wave Radiometric Characteristic acquisition measured target.This just for obtain target signature provide technical support and
Experimental method.Millimeter wave radiometer has the characteristics that round-the-clock, round-the-clock, and effect of the invention is by two road technique realization sides
The comprehensive analysis and conclusion of method can determine the dual polarised radiation characteristic of target, be unapproachable target (target such as waterborne)
Feature, which is obtained, provides scientific basis and supporting substances with analysis.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of band dual-polarized radiation acquisition methods of target Ka based on unmanned plane, which comprises the steps of:
(10) antenna temperature obtain: use the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka based on unmanned plane, while acquire target level and
The antenna temperature in vertical polarization channel；
(20) radiation brightness inverting: according to the antenna temperature of the horizontal and vertical POLARIZATION CHANNEL of target, inverting obtains measured target
Depending in temperature.
(30) polarization information is handled: to target depending on being polarised in temperature, obtaining the radiation information of target.
2. radiation acquisition methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka connects two lens antennas using waveguide bend, to obtain horizontal and vertical pole simultaneously
Change the antenna temperature in channel.
3. it is a kind of for realizing described in one of claims 1 to 3 radiation acquisition methods based on the target Ka wave based on unmanned plane
Section dual polarised radiation acquisition device including unmanned plane and fixes the band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka being equipped on the unmanned plane,
It is characterized by:
The band dual-polarized radiometer of Ka include Ka wave band antenna (1), the first radiofrequency low-noise put (2), first detector (3),
First low-frequency amplifier (4), the second radiofrequency low-noise put (5), second detector (6), the second low-frequency amplifier (7), thermometer mould
Block (8), robot scaling equipment (9), wireless transport module (10) and data processing module (11)；
The Ka wave band antenna (1) is directed at measured target (12), and output end is put (2) and second with the first radiofrequency low-noise respectively and penetrated
The input terminal of frequency low noise (5) is connected, and the input terminal and the first radiofrequency low-noise of the first detector (3) put the output end of (2)
It is connected, output end is connected with the input terminal of the first low-frequency amplifier (4), the input terminal and second of the second detector (6)
The output end that radiofrequency low-noise puts (5) is connected, and output end is connected with the input terminal of the second low-frequency amplifier (7), the calibration dress
The first input end for setting (9) is connected with the output end of the first low-frequency amplifier (4) and the second low-frequency amplifier (7) respectively, described
The input terminal of thermometer module (8) is connected with measured target (12), the second input terminal phase of output end and robot scaling equipment (9)
Even, the output end of the robot scaling equipment (9) is connected with the input terminal of wireless transport module (10), the wireless transport module (10)
Output end be connected with data processing module (11).
4. dual polarised radiation acquisition device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
First radiofrequency low-noise puts (2) and the second radiofrequency low-noise puts the gain of (5) greater than 35dB.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110726882A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-24 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | Dual-polarization radiometer suitable for passive security check instrument |
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