CN109555542B - Contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes in two sides of flange and mounting method thereof - Google Patents
Contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes in two sides of flange and mounting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109555542B CN109555542B CN201811399087.9A CN201811399087A CN109555542B CN 109555542 B CN109555542 B CN 109555542B CN 201811399087 A CN201811399087 A CN 201811399087A CN 109555542 B CN109555542 B CN 109555542B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a contractible I-shaped steel arch center based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges, which comprises a friction resistance steel plate, a first I-shaped steel plate and a second I-shaped steel plate, wherein the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate are respectively connected with two ends of the friction resistance steel plate; first bolts are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the first I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the first bolts are fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the first bolts are located in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes; and second bolts are arranged on two sides of the top end of the second I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the second bolts are fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the second bolts are positioned in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes. Also discloses a mounting method of the retractable I-shaped steel arch frame. The contractible I-shaped steel arch center based on the waist-shaped holes on the two sides of the flange is simple in structure and stable in performance, can well adapt to asymmetric local deformation of surrounding rocks, improves the safety of a supporting system, and reduces economic loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy-releasing support of highway tunnels, and particularly relates to a contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges and an installation method thereof.
Background
The retractable support of the prior U-shaped steel, which is commonly used in the coal mine roadway, is only suitable for the mine roadway, can not be used in the tunnel, needs manual operation for tightening the bolt, and is time-consuming and labor-consuming. The existing I-steel trapezoidal retractable support has a complex structure, is only suitable for the trapezoidal section of a coal mine tunnel, and is not suitable for the circular section of a tunnel. The existing flexible contractible I-shaped steel arch centering for the highway tunnel (such as the patent with the publication number of CN104481559A and the patent name of 'asymmetric large-deformation contractible steel arch centering and installation method based on the contractible steel arch centering') has the disadvantages of complex structure, high cost, poor stability, stay in a theoretical stage, are rarely used in a large-deformation tunnel and are difficult to be applied to practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a contractible I-shaped steel arch center based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of a flange and an installation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a contractible I-shaped steel arch center based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges comprises a friction resistance steel plate, a first I-shaped steel plate and a second I-shaped steel plate which are respectively connected with two ends of the friction resistance steel plate, wherein waist-shaped holes are formed in flanges on two sides of the friction resistance steel plate; first bolts are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the first I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the first bolts are fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the first bolts are located in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes; and second bolts are arranged on two sides of the top end of the second I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the second bolts are fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the second bolts are positioned in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes.
Optionally, the first I-steel plate and the second I-steel plate are both made of I20b type I-steel.
Optionally, a first vertical surface perpendicular to the first bolt is arranged on the inner side of the flange of the first i-shaped steel plate.
Optionally, a second vertical surface perpendicular to the second bolt is arranged on the inner side of the flange of the second i-shaped steel plate.
Optionally, the friction steel plate is a Q345 type steel plate.
Optionally, the first bolt and the second bolt are both M20 × 65 type bolts.
The invention also discloses an installation method of the contractible I-shaped steel arch centering based on the waist-shaped holes on the two sides of the flange, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a reinforcement position, wherein the reinforcement position is a position where large surrounding rock deformation possibly occurs in a section of tunnel;
s2, mounting contractible I-shaped steel arches based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges on the walls of two sides of the tunnel at the reinforcing position, wherein the arches are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the tunnel, the mounting position of the arch is a certain point on the arc-shaped tunnel, and the tangent line of the arc-shaped tunnel at the point is vertical to the horizontal plane.
Optionally, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, determining a point where the tangent of the arc tunnel is perpendicular to the horizontal plane at the reinforcing position, wherein the point is the installation position of the arch center;
s22, the top of the first I-shaped steel plate and the bottom of the second I-shaped steel plate are fixed on the side wall respectively, the friction steel plate is connected with the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate through the first bolt and the second bolt respectively, the center of the friction steel plate is located at the installation position in the step S21, and the second bolt is provided with a nut, so that the second I-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected with the friction steel plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the contractible I-shaped steel arch centering based on the waist-shaped holes on the two sides of the flange is simple in structure and stable in performance, can well adapt to asymmetric local deformation of surrounding rocks, and can continuously play the role of a common steel arch centering after contraction is completed; the steel arch truss and the surrounding rock are in an ideal mechanical system, so that a certain prevention and treatment effect can be achieved on the asymmetric large deformation of the tunnel, the safety of a supporting system is improved, and the economic loss is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a contractible I-shaped steel arch based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable H-shaped steel arch based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges in another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable H-shaped steel arch based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges in another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the retractable I-shaped steel arch based on waist-shaped holes on both sides of the flange;
in the figure: 1-a first I-shaped steel plate, 11-a first bolt, 2-a friction steel plate, 21-a waist-shaped hole, 3-a second I-shaped steel plate and 31-a second bolt.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a retractable i-shaped steel arch center based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of a flange comprises a friction resistance steel plate 2, a first i-shaped steel plate 1 and a second i-shaped steel plate 3 which are respectively connected with two ends of the friction resistance steel plate 2, wherein waist-shaped holes 21 are respectively arranged on flanges on two sides of the friction resistance steel plate 2; two sides of the bottom end of the first I-shaped steel plate 1 are provided with first bolts 11, one end of each first bolt 11 is fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate 1, and the other end of each first bolt 11 is positioned in the kidney-shaped hole 21 and can slide in the kidney-shaped hole 21; and second bolts 31 are arranged on two sides of the top end of the second I-shaped steel plate 3, one ends of the second bolts 31 are fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate 3, and the other ends of the second bolts 31 are positioned in the kidney-shaped holes 21 and can slide in the kidney-shaped holes 21. In this embodiment, the number of the first bolts 11 is four, and the first bolts are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the first i-shaped steel plate 1; the number of the second bolts 31 is four, and the second bolts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the second i-shaped steel plate 3 respectively.
The first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 are both made of I20b I-shaped steel.
And a first vertical surface vertical to the first bolt 11 is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the first I-shaped steel plate 1. Because the flange of the I-shaped steel is thick in the middle and thin at two sides, and the inner side of the flange is an inclined plane, in order to ensure that the bolt can be tightly contacted and screwed with the flange, a plane with the size of a nut, namely a first vertical plane, is milled at the screw hole at the inner side of the flange of the first I-shaped steel plate 1.
And a second vertical surface perpendicular to the second bolt 31 is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the second i-shaped steel plate 3. Because the flange of the I-shaped steel is thick in the middle and thin at two sides, and the inner side of the flange is an inclined plane, in order to ensure that the bolt can be tightly contacted and screwed with the flange, a plane with the size of a nut, namely a second vertical plane, is milled at the screw hole at the inner side of the flange of the second I-shaped steel plate 3.
The friction steel plate 2 adopts a Q345 type steel plate with the length, the width and the thickness of 600mm 100mm 30 mm. In order to prevent the friction steel plate 2 from being affected by the different roughness of the uneven surface in the cold rolling process and the contractible section, the contact surfaces of the two steel plates of the contractible arch center are prevented from generating scratches or even being clamped when the steel plates are compressed, and the surface of the friction steel plate 2, which is in contact with the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3, is polished smoothly on a milling machine so that the surface is smooth.
The first bolt 11 and the second bolt 31 are both M20 x 65 type bolts.
The first bolt 11 and the second bolt 31 respectively tightly attach the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 to the friction resistance steel plate 2 by applying torque, the friction force between the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 is adjusted by the pretightening force of the bolts, and when the pressure applied to the first I-shaped steel plate 1 is greater than the friction resistance between the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the friction resistance steel plate 2, the first I-shaped steel plate 1 starts to contract downwards, so that the purpose of automatic retraction is achieved. After the telescopic movement is finished, the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 are connected together to form a whole, and the function of a common steel frame can be continuously exerted. The working principle is that the steel arch is made of soft-gram steel and then resisted, when the pressure of the local surrounding rock of the tunnel is larger, the steel arch is slowly contracted, the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock can be well utilized, and the steel arch and the surrounding rock are in an ideal mechanical system.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the waist-shaped hole 21 is arranged on the web of the friction steel plate 2, correspondingly, the first bolt 11 is arranged on the web of the first I-shaped steel plate 1, the second bolt 31 is arranged on the web of the second I-shaped steel plate 3, one end of the first bolt 11 is fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate 1, the other end of the first bolt 11 is positioned in the waist-shaped hole 21, one end of the second bolt 31 is fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate 3, and the other end of the second bolt 31 is positioned in the waist-shaped hole 21.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a retractable i-shaped steel arch center based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of a flange comprises a friction resistance steel plate 2, a first i-shaped steel plate 1 and a second i-shaped steel plate 3 which are respectively connected with two ends of the friction resistance steel plate 2, wherein waist-shaped holes 21 are respectively arranged on flanges on two sides of the friction resistance steel plate 2; two sides of the bottom end of the first I-shaped steel plate 1 are provided with first bolts 11, one end of each first bolt 11 is fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate 1, and the other end of each first bolt 11 is positioned in the kidney-shaped hole 21 and can slide in the kidney-shaped hole 21; and second bolts 31 are arranged on two sides of the top end of the second I-shaped steel plate 3, one ends of the second bolts 31 are fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate 3, and the other ends of the second bolts 31 are positioned in the kidney-shaped holes 21 and can slide in the kidney-shaped holes 21. In this embodiment, two first bolts 11 are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the first i-shaped steel plate 1; the number of the second bolts 31 is two, and the second bolts are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the second i-shaped steel plate 3.
The first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 are both made of I20b I-shaped steel.
And a first vertical surface vertical to the first bolt 11 is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the first I-shaped steel plate 1. Because the flange of the I-shaped steel is thick in the middle and thin at two sides, and the inner side of the flange is an inclined plane, in order to ensure that the bolt can be tightly contacted and screwed with the flange, a plane with the size of a nut, namely a first vertical plane, is milled at the screw hole at the inner side of the flange of the first I-shaped steel plate 1.
And a second vertical surface perpendicular to the second bolt 31 is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the second i-shaped steel plate 3. Because the flange of the I-shaped steel is thick in the middle and thin at two sides, and the inner side of the flange is an inclined plane, in order to ensure that the bolt can be tightly contacted and screwed with the flange, a plane with the size of a nut, namely a second vertical plane, is milled at the screw hole at the inner side of the flange of the second I-shaped steel plate 3.
The friction steel plate 2 adopts a Q345 type steel plate with the length, the width and the thickness of 600mm 100mm 30 mm. In order to prevent the friction steel plate 2 from being affected by the different roughness of the uneven surface in the cold rolling process and the contractible section, the contact surfaces of the two steel plates of the contractible arch center are prevented from generating scratches or even being clamped when the steel plates are compressed, and the surface of the friction steel plate 2, which is in contact with the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3, is polished smoothly on a milling machine so that the surface is smooth.
The first bolt 11 and the second bolt 31 are both M20 x 65 type bolts.
The first bolt 11 and the second bolt 31 respectively tightly attach the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 to the friction resistance steel plate 2 by applying torque, the friction force between the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 is adjusted by the pretightening force of the bolts, and when the pressure applied to the first I-shaped steel plate 1 is greater than the friction resistance between the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the friction resistance steel plate 2, the first I-shaped steel plate 1 starts to contract downwards, so that the purpose of automatic retraction is achieved. After the telescopic movement is finished, the first I-shaped steel plate 1 and the second I-shaped steel plate 3 are connected together to form a whole, and the function of a common steel frame can be continuously exerted. The working principle is that the steel arch is made of soft-gram steel and then resisted, when the pressure of the local surrounding rock of the tunnel is larger, the steel arch is slowly contracted, the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock can be well utilized, and the steel arch and the surrounding rock are in an ideal mechanical system.
Example 4:
the embodiment discloses an installation method of a retractable h-shaped steel arch based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges in embodiments 1, 2 and 3, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a reinforcement position, wherein the reinforcement position is a position where large surrounding rock deformation possibly occurs in a section of tunnel;
s2, mounting contractible I-shaped steel arches based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges on the walls of two sides of the tunnel at the reinforcing position, wherein the arches are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the tunnel, the mounting position of the arch is a certain point on the arc-shaped tunnel, and the tangent line of the arc-shaped tunnel at the point is vertical to the horizontal plane.
Specifically, step S2 includes the following procedures:
s21, determining a point where the tangent of the arc tunnel is perpendicular to the horizontal plane at the reinforcing position, wherein the point is the installation position of the arch center;
s22, the top of the first I-shaped steel plate and the bottom of the second I-shaped steel plate are respectively fixed on a side wall, the friction steel plate is respectively connected with the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate through the first bolt and the second bolt, the center of the friction steel plate is located at the installation position in the step S21, the second bolt is provided with a nut, the second I-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected with the friction steel plate, and the schematic diagram after installation is shown in FIG. 7.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a contractible I-steel bow member based on edge of a wing both sides waist shape hole which characterized in that: the friction steel plate comprises a friction steel plate, a first I-shaped steel plate and a second I-shaped steel plate which are respectively connected with two ends of the friction steel plate, wherein waist-shaped holes are formed in flanges on two sides of the friction steel plate; first bolts are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the first I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the first bolts are fixed on the first I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the first bolts are located in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes; second bolts are arranged on two sides of the top end of the second I-shaped steel plate, one ends of the second bolts are fixed on the second I-shaped steel plate, and the other ends of the second bolts are located in the waist-shaped holes and can slide in the waist-shaped holes;
the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate are tightly attached to the friction resistance steel plate through the first bolt and the second bolt respectively, friction force between the first I-shaped steel plate and the friction resistance steel plate is adjusted through pretightening force of the bolts, when pressure borne by the first I-shaped steel plate is larger than friction resistance between the first I-shaped steel plate and the friction resistance steel plate, the first I-shaped steel plate starts to contract, and after the contraction is completed, the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate are connected together to continuously play a role of a common steel frame.
2. A telescopic i-steel arch based on girth holes on two sides of flanges as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a first vertical surface vertical to the first bolt is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the first I-shaped steel plate.
3. A telescopic i-steel arch based on girth holes on two sides of flanges as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a second vertical surface vertical to the second bolt is arranged at the inner side of the flange of the second I-shaped steel plate.
4. A method for installing a retractable i-beam arch based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a reinforcement position, wherein the reinforcement position is a position where large surrounding rock deformation possibly occurs in a section of tunnel;
s2, mounting contractible I-shaped steel arches based on waist-shaped holes on two sides of flanges on the walls of two sides of the tunnel at the reinforcing position, wherein the arches are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the tunnel, the mounting position of the arch is a certain point on the arc-shaped tunnel, and the tangent line of the arc-shaped tunnel at the point is vertical to the horizontal plane.
5. The method for installing the retractable i-steel arch based on the waist-shaped holes on the two sides of the flange as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, determining a point where the tangent of the arc tunnel is perpendicular to the horizontal plane at the reinforcing position, wherein the point is the installation position of the arch center;
s22, the top of the first I-shaped steel plate and the bottom of the second I-shaped steel plate are fixed on the side wall respectively, the friction steel plate is connected with the first I-shaped steel plate and the second I-shaped steel plate through the first bolt and the second bolt respectively, the center of the friction steel plate is located at the installation position in the step S21, and the second bolt is provided with a nut, so that the second I-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected with the friction steel plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811399087.9A CN109555542B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes in two sides of flange and mounting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811399087.9A CN109555542B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes in two sides of flange and mounting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109555542A CN109555542A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
| CN109555542B true CN109555542B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811399087.9A Active CN109555542B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Contractible I-shaped steel arch frame based on waist-shaped holes in two sides of flange and mounting method thereof |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3367013B2 (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 2003-01-14 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Existing tunnel lining structure |
| KR101506970B1 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2015-03-30 | 주식회사 세안 | Yieldable steel arches supports in tunnel construction |
| CN206205908U (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-05-31 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of channel-section steel bow member joist for preventing tunnel subsidence to deform |
| CN206376886U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-04 | 中铁隧道股份有限公司 | Open type TBM steel arch-shelfs install horizontal brace clamping system |
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