The tracer interpretation model and its construction method of fracture-pore reservoir and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to fracture-pore reservoir development technique fields, explain more particularly to a kind of tracer of fracture-pore reservoir
Model and its construction method and application.
Background technique
During fracture-pore reservoir waterflooding extraction, tracer is injected in water injection well, by the tracer monitoring of producing well,
According to tracer concentration response curve, the connected relation between water injection well and producing well, interpretation and evaluation tracer breakthrough may recognize that
Water stream channel information.Based on the spatial flow of fracture hole network, fracture hole itself contains part bottom water for flowing in fracture-pore reservoir,
It is altered in elastic drive stage bottom water into solution cavity and forms water body in hole, input water in solution cavity because of gravitational differentiation, also formed
The distribution pattern of portion's oil, lower part water.
As shown in Figure 1-3, the tracer migration in solution cavity can be divided into three kinds of situations: A) and the solution cavity pure oil-producing stage, injection
Water rises oil-water interfaces, but water body does not overflow in hole;B) solution cavity grease crosses oil-water interfaces rising with the stage that produces, injection water
Spill point;C in) the solution cavity pure production water stage, water body rising peaks in hole, and water body volume keeps stablizing.The water body of situation A, B
Increment in quality, water velocity are successively decreased, different from the water filling of conventional oil reservoir flowing;The constant water flow velocity of situation C, with conventional oil reservoir
Water filling flowing it is similar.
Fracture-pore reservoir is because heterogeneity is extremely strong, and flowing is limited only to fracture hole inner space, so that fracture-pore reservoir tracer
The migration rule of agent is different from sandstone oil reservoir, and the migration of fracture-pore reservoir tracer has a characteristic that
(1) tracer slug is diluted in water body in hole, spreads, and causes monitoring concentration low;
(2) the fluid migration time irreversibility in tracer breakthrough time (seeing the agent time) and runner, water body overflow
Take tracer out of;
(3) since the scale in solution cavity crack is larger, reactor solution and the peptizaiton in water flooding mixed process are strong.
Therefore, the conventional tracer interpretation model based on based on porous media, plane flowing, stream with fracture-pore reservoir
Motivation reason differs greatly and is not suitable for.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of tracer interpretation models of fracture-pore reservoir
And its construction method and application.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, fixed
Adopted grid i is the grid for being obtained the discrete isometric net of solution cavity using block Central loop, the discrete formula of the concentration equation of grid i
Are as follows:
In formula, Δ x is the length of grid, and Δ t is time step,Concentration for grid i in kth time period, viIndicate net
Flow velocity of the lattice i in+1 period of kth, SwWater saturation of the expression grid in+1 period of kth, number of grid n,For grid
To be asked concentration of the i in+1 period of kth;
The flow velocity of the grid i are as follows:
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow;fiwThe moisture content at end is flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor the aqueous of solution cavity outflow end
Rate;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity;Δ x is the length of grid;L is the length of solution cavity.
Preferably, with upstream speed vi-1Replace the speed v in the discrete formula of concentration equation of grid ii。
The construction method of the tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, comprising:
Definition: balanced flood during tracer test, uniform concentration distribution of the tracer on water body is vertical;Solution cavity etc.
It is same as horizontal prismatic flow tube, water-oil separating in solution cavity;The transverse flow speed linear decrease of water body during displacement in flooding, laterally
The volume that the decrement of flowing corresponds to water body increases, and the flowing of solution cavity water body is reduced to One-Dimensional flows;Injection water in solution cavity
Sedimentation forms water body, and water body has even level's liquid level;
S1. according to the principle of mass conservation: the flow equation of water and tracer is established in inflow-outflow=cumulant variation;
The flowing relation of water are as follows:
Obtain the flow equation of water are as follows:
The flowing relation of tracer are as follows:
Obtain the flow equation of tracer:
In formula, if v is the pore velocity for injecting water;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity;DeFor point of tracer in water
Dissipate coefficient;C is the concentration of tracer;X is flow distance;L is solution cavity length;T is injection length;ρwIt is lauched for formation condition
Density;SwFor water saturation;
S2. the flow equation of tracer is simplified using the flow equation of water are as follows:
S3. by the flow equation discretization of tracer, using block Central loop by the discrete isometric net of solution cavity, grid i
The discrete formula of concentration equation are as follows:
In formula, Δ x is the length of grid, and Δ t is time step,Concentration for grid i in kth time period, viIndicate net
Flow velocity of the lattice i in+1 period of kth, SwWater saturation of the expression grid in+1 period of kth, number of grid n,For grid
To be asked concentration of the i in+1 period of kth;
The flow velocity of the grid i are as follows:
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow;fiwThe moisture content at end is flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor the aqueous of solution cavity outflow end
Rate;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity;Δ x is the length of grid;L is the length of solution cavity.
The application of the tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, comprising:
K1. in a Time step, moisture content mould is flowed out by solution cavity according to fracture hole network structure and the composition of grease
Type calculates the inflow and outflow water of solution cavity in this time step, that is, determines the water velocity v and water saturation S of each solution cavity of this time stepw;
K2. using the calculated result of moisture content model as the primary condition of this time step and boundary condition, according to tracer solution
It releases model and calculates each solution cavity in the concentration inside distribution of this time step, and accumulate the time step of tracer in receipt of subsequent unit
Implantation quality;
K3. return step K1 starts the calculating of next time step.
Preferably, the solution cavity flows out moisture content model are as follows:
ε=μw/μo
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow;fiwThe moisture content at end is flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor the aqueous of solution cavity outflow end
Rate, decimal;VAFor the volume of solution cavity;SwFor the water saturation of solution cavity;T is the time;μwFor water viscosity;μoFor oil viscosity.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: setting filled drive the present invention is based on the migration rule of tracer in fracture-pore reservoir
For the transverse flow speed linear decrease of water body in the process, the volume that the decrement of horizontal line flowing corresponds to water body increases (on oil-water interfaces
Rise), the flowing of solution cavity water body is reduced to One-Dimensional flows, obtained model can more accurately carry out tracer in fracture-pore reservoir
The calculating of agent concentration.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that pure oil-producing stage model solution cavity fills the water water velocity distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is grease with production stage model solution cavity water filling water velocity distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that pure production water stage model solution cavity fills the water water velocity distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is solution cavity micro unit flow model schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is solution cavity grid dividing schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is fracture hole network model schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that series connection hole tracer concentration responds schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is that hole tracer concentration in parallel responds schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained under the premise of not making the creative labor belongs to what the present invention protected
Range.
Refering to Fig. 4-8, the present invention provides tracer interpretation model and its construction method and the application of a kind of fracture-pore reservoir:
Embodiment one
The tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, defining grid i is using block Central loop by the discrete equidistant net of solution cavity
The grid formatted, the discrete formula of the concentration equation of grid i are as follows:
In formula, Δ x is the length of grid, and Δ t is time step,Concentration for grid i in kth time period, viIndicate net
Flow velocity of the lattice i in+1 period of kth, SwWater saturation of the expression grid in+1 period of kth, number of grid n,For grid
To be asked concentration of the i in+1 period of kth;
The flow velocity of the grid i are as follows:
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow;fiwThe moisture content at end is flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor the aqueous of solution cavity outflow end
Rate;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity;Δ x is the length of grid;L is the length of solution cavity.
Due to flow velocity v, water saturation SwFor variable coefficient, upstream speed v can preferably be used using computational stabilityi-1
Replace the speed v in the discrete formula of concentration equation of grid ii, be conducive to the accuracy for improving calculated result.
Embodiment two
Definition: balanced flood during tracer test, uniform concentration distribution of the tracer on water body is vertical only consider
Water body lateral flow concentration difference because of convection current and caused by spreading;Solution cavity is equal to horizontal prismatic flow tube, grease in solution cavity
It separates, may include a certain amount of water flooding in solution cavity, with water saturation SwIndicate water body volume and solution cavity volume in hole
The ratio between;The transverse flow speed linear decrease of water body during displacement in flooding, the volume that the decrement of lateral flow corresponds to water body increase
(oil-water interfaces rising), is reduced to One-Dimensional flows for the flowing of solution cavity water body;Injection water in solution cavity settles to form water body, water body
With even level's liquid level.
The construction method of the tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, comprising:
S1. defining v is the pore velocity for injecting water, unit m/d;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity, unit m2;De
For the coefficient of dispersion of tracer in water, unit m2/d;C is the concentration of tracer, unit g/m3;X is flow distance, single
Position is m;L is solution cavity length, unit m;T is injection length, unit d;ρwFor the density that formation condition is lauched, unit is
kg/m3;SwFor water saturation, decimal.It is as shown in Figure 4 to establish solution cavity micro unit flow model.
According to the principle of mass conservation: the flow equation of water and tracer is established in inflow-outflow=cumulant variation;
The flowing relation of water are as follows:
Obtain the flow equation of water are as follows:
The flowing relation of tracer are as follows:
Obtain the flow equation of tracer:
S2. the flow equation of tracer is simplified using the flow equation of water are as follows:
The flow velocity v of water is related to the water flow when injection flow of solution cavity and spilling, and v is space coordinate x and time t
Function, in the flowing direction the water saturation S of solution cavitywUnanimously, SwIt is the function of time t.The concentration diffusion-that flow velocity successively decreases is right
Flow model belongs to nonlinear partial differential equation, it is difficult to which Analytical Solution needs to calculate its dynamic by numerical solution.
S3. by the flow equation discretization of tracer, using block Central loop by the discrete isometric net of solution cavity, such as Fig. 5
It is shown, the discrete formula of the concentration equation of grid i are as follows:
In formula, Δ x is the length of grid, and Δ t is time step,Concentration for grid i in kth time period, viIndicate net
Flow velocity of the lattice i in+1 period of kth, SwWater saturation of the expression grid in+1 period of kth, number of grid n,For grid
To be asked concentration of the i in+1 period of kth.
DefinitionThen the discrete simplified formula of the concentration equation of grid i is
The flow velocity of the grid i are as follows:
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow, unit m3/d;fiwThe moisture content at end, decimal are flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor
The moisture content of solution cavity outflow end, decimal;A is effective area of passage of solution cavity, unit m2;Δ x is the length of grid, and unit is
m;L is the length of solution cavity, unit m.
N rank system of linear equations is formed after supplement boundary condition and solves concentration grid concentration distribution, due to flow velocity v, aqueous full
With degree SwFor variable coefficient, speed can use the better upstream speed v of computational stabilityi-1, to improve computational accuracy.
Embodiment three
One solution cavity is a runner in seam_cavern type, and multiple fracture holes constitute flow network, as shown in Figure 6.Concentration
Flow velocity v and water saturation S in modelwVariation is influenced by fracture hole network structure.
The application of the tracer interpretation model of fracture-pore reservoir, comprising:
K1. in a Time step, moisture content mould is flowed out by solution cavity according to fracture hole network structure and the composition of grease
Type calculates the inflow and outflow water of solution cavity in this time step, that is, determines the water velocity v and water saturation S of each solution cavity of this time stepw;
K2. using the calculated result of moisture content model as the primary condition of this time step and boundary condition, according to tracer solution
It releases model and calculates each solution cavity in the concentration inside distribution of this time step, and accumulate the time step of tracer in receipt of subsequent unit
Implantation quality;
K3. return step K1 starts the calculating of next time step.
The solution cavity flows out moisture content model are as follows:
ε=μw/μo
In formula, qLIt is that solution cavity flows into volume flow, unit m3/d;fiwThe moisture content at end, decimal are flowed into for solution cavity;fwFor
The moisture content of solution cavity outflow end, decimal;VAFor the volume of solution cavity, unit m3;SwFor the water saturation of solution cavity, decimal;T is
Time, unit d;μwFor water viscosity, unit mPa.s;μoFor oil viscosity, unit mPa.s.
The present invention is illustrated below.The case takes 4 solution cavities, and the grease reserves composition inside solution cavity is shown in Table 1.
The definition of 1 solution cavity structure of table
When 4 solution cavities form series model, calculated result is as shown in fig. 7, concentration-response relationship shows themselves in that well point is instant
The concentration curve in hole 1 is unimodal, low concentration, sees evening agent time;Distal end solution cavity output concentration is by rear class solution cavity mixed diluting, along flowing
The solution cavity output peak concentration in direction gradually declines, and peak concentration time of occurrence lag, concentration-response curve width increases.
When 4 solution cavities form paralleling model, calculated result is as shown in figure 8, concentration-response relationship shows themselves in that well point concentration
Curve is mostly bimodal, and nearly well solution cavity has injection, foreknowledge agent peak concentration high;Distal end solution cavity output concentration is mixed dilute by rear class solution cavity
It releases, long-term low-level is presented in well point later period concentration curve.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection scope of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.