CN109553394B - A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics Download PDFInfo
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- CN109553394B CN109553394B CN201910019532.2A CN201910019532A CN109553394B CN 109553394 B CN109553394 B CN 109553394B CN 201910019532 A CN201910019532 A CN 201910019532A CN 109553394 B CN109553394 B CN 109553394B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation processes of composite antibacterial ceramics, specific preparation process is as follows: ball milling in ball mill is added in blank raw material and water, then it is sieved, mixture is obtained, mixture is then removed into iron tramp by magnetic separator, then adds mixture into and squeezes out excessive moisture in filter press, it is aging after obtained mud cake is slightly practiced in vacuum deairing machine, then it is added in vacuum deairing machine and is refined again, then water will be added to mix in obtained product, obtain blank；The blank of preparation is prepared into green body by slip casting, and immerses in glaze ceramics by leaching glaze device comprehensively after green body is dried and carry out glazing；Ceramics after glazing are fired, and obtain anti-bacteria ceramic.Comprehensive leaching glaze device of the invention realizes that glaze is soaked on ceramic two sides by the 180 degree overturning of overturning Jin You mechanism, so that also can directly carry out leaching glaze with loading plate contact position, is not necessarily to later period reclaim, improves efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of ceramic preparation, are related to a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics.
Background technique
Ceramics are to be made using natural clay and various natural minerals as primary raw material by crushing to be kneaded, form and calcine
Material various products.Existing domestic ceramics usually by adding antibacterial agent in glaze, is realized anti-during the preparation process
Bacterium performance, but green body itself does not have antibacterial ability, and existing many glaze pass through silver ion, zinc ion and copper ion
Equal metal ions are used as antibacterial agent, can be complexed with the peptide chain in the RNA of bacterium and then the breeding of prevention bacterium, but heavy metal
The case where heavy metal poisoning is be easy to cause when the content of ion is higher, especially for domestic ceramics articles.
By the way that in billet surface glazing, ceramic glaze can improve service performance, play during existing ceramic system is standby
Decoration function etc., common enameling method is there are commonly leaching glaze, and existing leaching glaze device is by being directly placed at carrying for ceramics
On plate, then loading plate is immersed in the leaching glaze that ceramics are realized in glaze, for soaking glaze process concave with reeded ceramics
Glaze in slot can only be poured out by hand, reduce efficiency, and the position directly contacted with loading plate during soaking glaze cannot soak
Stain needs the later period to supplement glaze to glaze, so that leaching glaze efficiency reduces, while the extra glaze of ceramic surface can only after soaking glaze
Slowly spill by gravity, thereby reduces leaching glaze efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics, which passes through during the preparation process
After carrying out soda acid processing to quartz sand, so that quartz sand surface contains a large amount of duct, then by precipitating so that being immersed in hole
Copper ion, zinc ion and silver ion in road are converted to sediment and are deposited in duct, then to precipitate by pyrolytic
It is decomposed in duct and generates copper oxide, zinc oxide and silver-colored simple substance, since the duct of quartz sand surface is more, so that quartz sand
The specific surface on surface increases, so that the deposition of copper oxide, zinc oxide and silver-colored simple substance increases, these three substances are antibacterial
Agent, by be fixed in duct in ceramic use process can slow release, and then not only improve the performance of antibacterial, and energy
The amount of enough effective control heavy metal ion, prevents heavy metal poisoning, while by adding antibacterial simultaneously in blank and glaze
Quartz sand is loaded, so that the internal also surface of the ceramics of preparation all has certain anti-microbial property, so that ceramics are used for a long time
There is certain anti-microbial property glaze breakage in the process.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics, specific preparation process are as follows:
Ball milling 13-15h in ball mill is added according to the mass ratio of 1:0.61-0.63 in blank raw material and water by the first step,
Then it is sieved, obtains the mixture that granularity is 160-170 mesh, mixture is then removed into iron tramp by magnetic separator, is connect
Add mixture into and squeeze out excessive moisture in filter press, aging 5-7 after obtained mud cake is slightly practiced in vacuum deairing machine
It, is then added in vacuum deairing machine again and is refined, and then water will be added to mix in obtained product, obtains blank；
Wherein blank raw material include each component raw material of following parts by weight: 23-28 parts of feldspar, resists 42-51 parts of kaolin
Bacterium loads quartz sand 21-24 parts；
Wherein the specific preparation process of antibacterial load quartz sand is as follows: 1. quartz sand is added in the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 10%,
It is warming up to 50 DEG C and is stirred to react filtration washing after 2-3h and dry to obtain pretreatment quartz sand；Wherein 10- is added in every gram of quartz sand
In the hydrochloric acid of 12mL, due to containing the impurity such as magnesia, calcium oxide and iron oxide in quartz sand, by with hydrochloric acid react so that
Impurity dissolution therein, so that gap occur in quartz sand surface and inside；2. being by pretreated quartz sand addition concentration
In the sodium hydroxide solution of 8.5-8.9%, it is stirred to react 1-2h, then filtration washing is dry, porous stone sand is obtained, wherein often
Gram pretreatment quartz sand in be added 8-10mL concentration be 8.5-8.9% sodium hydroxide;Main component is titanium dioxide in quartz sand
Silicon can react in the sodium hydroxide solution of low concentration with the part of silica of quartz sand surface, so that the table of quartz sand
Face to form porous groove structure, improves the specific surface area of quartz sand；3. configuration concentration is that the copper nitrate of 7.6-8.1% is molten
The silver nitrate that the zinc nitrate solution and concentration that liquid, concentration are 10.4%-11.2% are 8-9%, by three kinds of solution according to the ratio of 1:1:1
Example is mixed to get mixed liquor, and porous stone sand is added thereto, and after being uniformly mixed, concentrated ammonia liquor is added dropwise thereto dropwise,
Stir when being added dropwise, constant temperature is stirred to react 1-2h after being added dropwise completely, then filtration washing drying, and by the solid particle after drying
It is added in the Muffle furnace that temperature is 800-850 DEG C and calcines 1-1.5h, obtain antibacterial load quartz sand；Wherein mixed liquor and porous stone
Sand is with the mixing of 1:0.72-0.78 mass ratio；Hydrogen is generated since copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and silver nitrate can be reacted with concentrated ammonia liquor
Copper oxide, zinc hydroxide and silver hydroxide precipitating, since porous stone sand surface is porous structure, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and nitre
Sour silver solution is immersed in porous structure, and co-precipitation generates hydroxide directly in the surface and duct of porous stone sand after precipitating
Then copper, zinc hydroxide and silver hydroxide generate copper oxide, zinc oxide after high-temperature calcination, and silver hydroxide first decomposes life
At silver oxide, then silver oxide decomposes the silver-colored simple substance of generation at high temperature, since copper oxide, zinc oxide and metallic silver simple substance are as nothing
Machine antibacterial agent can be realized the performance of antibacterial, by making the anti-of preparation after loaded copper oxide, zinc oxide and metallic silver simple substance
Bacterium, which loads quartz sand, has certain anti-microbial property, so that the green body of preparation itself has certain anti-microbial property；
The blank prepared in the first step is prepared into green body by slip casting by second step, and is passed through after green body is dried comprehensive
Leaching glaze device, which immerses ceramics in glaze, carries out glazing；
Wherein glaze includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
10-18 parts of feldspar, antibacterial load quartz sand 14-20 parts, 8-12 parts of lime stone, 1-2 parts of calcium phosphate, chrome green
4-6 parts, 2-3 parts of iron oxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.6-0.8 parts of nano-titanium dioxide；
The specific preparation process of the glaze is as follows: raw material are mixed after mixing according to certain parts by weight
Material mixture and water is added in ball mill with 1:0.75-0.8 parts of ratio, ball milling 35-40h, the slurry mistake that then will be obtained
The sieve of 120-150 mesh, obtains glaze；Wherein antibacterial loads quartz sand anti-microbial property with higher, so that preparation
Green body and external glaze inside ceramics all have higher anti-microbial property；
Ceramics after glazing in second step are fired, obtain anti-bacteria ceramic by third step；
Further, soaking glaze device in second step comprehensively includes supporting mechanism, is mounted at the top of supporting mechanism perpendicular
Straight regulating mechanism, while supporting mechanism side is equipped with overturning Jin You mechanism；
Supporting mechanism includes bottom plate, and support column is vertically fixedly connected at the centre of surface of bottom plate, and the top of support column is hung down
It directly is fixed with top plate, the four side integrally connected of surface of top plate is fixed with side plate, there are two the both ends of the surface of side plate are vertically connected and fixed
The positive stop strip being oppositely arranged, the surface side of side plate are provided with the first mounting hole, are provided with the first mounting groove in the middle part of the bottom surface of support column,
The slot bottom of first mounting groove is provided with the second mounting hole through top plate；
Vertical regulating mechanism includes the bearing being mounted in the second mounting hole, is equipped with first rotating shaft in bearing, and first turn
The top of axis is equipped with driving wheel, and bottom end is connected with the power output end of first reducing motors, is equipped in the first mounting hole
Bearing, is equipped with lifting screw in bearing, and the top of lifting screw passes through the first mounting hole and is equipped with driven wheel, driving wheel with from
Driving wheel engagement；
Overturning Jin You mechanism includes Mobile base, and Mobile base includes movable plate and is vertically fixed on two of movable plate both ends of the surface
Fixed plate, the wall outer surface of two fixed plates connect with the side wall inner surfaces of positive stop strip, and two fixed plate bottoms are respectively mounted solid
Surely there is the second shaft, while the side wall top of one of fixed plate is equipped with third shaft, installs in third shaft flexible
Rotation seat, one end of third shaft are connected with the power output end of second reducing motors；Pacify respectively two second shaft one end
Equipped with the first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate, while outside one end of elastic rotation seat and the first rotatable slide plate side wall
Surface middle part side is connected and fixed；It is slidably installed between first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate there are two loading plate,
It is connected and fixed between two loading plates by counterscrew；The top end face of one of fixed plate is provided with matches with lifting screw screw thread
The threaded mounting hole of conjunction.
Further, elastic rotation seat includes being sequentially connected the first fixed bull stick, connecting rod and second turn from top to bottom
Bar, one end side wall of the first bull stick are provided with the first turn hole with the cooperation of third shaft, while the other end center of the first bull stick
Place is provided with fixing groove, and the first bull stick is mounted in third shaft by the first turn hole, and one end of connecting rod is vertically installed with compression
One end of block, connecting rod is fixed in fixing groove, and an end face of the second bull stick is provided with the second mounting groove, and in the end side
Wall is provided with the second turn hole, and the slot bottom of the second mounting groove is provided with the third mounting hole with connecting rod cooperation, installs in the second mounting groove
There is adjusting pressure spring, the one end for adjusting pressure spring connects with the slot bottom of the second mounting groove compression, and the other end compresses phase with compact heap end face
It connects.
Further, it is sliding to be symmetrically provided with two bar shapeds for the side wall inner surfaces of the first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate
It is provided at the wall outer surface center of slot, the first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate and pacifies with the third of the second shaft cooperation
Tankage, the first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate are mounted in the second shaft by third mounting groove；First rotation is slided
Side integrally connected is fixed with the fixing axle with the cooperation of the second turn hole in the middle part of the wall outer surface of movable plate.
Further, the surface of loading plate is equidistantly provided with through-hole, while the both ends side wall integrally connected of loading plate is fixed with
Two clamping blocks cooperated with bar shaped sliding slot, two loading plates are between the first rotatable slide plate and the second rotatable slide plate along item
The sliding of shape sliding slot, while the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are had at the centre of surface of two loading plates, the first screw thread
The hand of spiral of hole and the second threaded hole is on the contrary, the wall outer surface at counterscrew both ends has and the cooperation of the first threaded hole
The first external screw thread and with the second threaded hole cooperation the second external screw thread, integrally connected is fixed with the both ends of the surface of counterscrew respectively
Strip.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Ceramics of the invention during the preparation process by carrying out soda acid processing to quartz sand after so that quartz sand surface contains
Then a large amount of duct sinks by precipitating so that being immersed in the copper ion in duct, zinc ion and silver ion and being converted to sediment
Then product to be deposited in and decomposes generation copper oxide, zinc oxide and silver-colored simple substance in duct in duct by pyrolytic, due to
The duct of quartz sand surface is more, so that the specific surface of quartz sand surface increases, so that copper oxide, zinc oxide and silver
The deposition of simple substance increases, these three substances are antibacterial agent, can be delayed in ceramic use process by being fixed in duct
On The Drug Release, and then the performance of antibacterial is not only improved, and can effectively control the amount of heavy metal ion, it prevents in heavy metal
Poison, while quartz sand is loaded by adding antibacterial simultaneously in blank and glaze, so that the internal also surface of the ceramics of preparation has
There is certain anti-microbial property, so that there is certain anti-microbial property glaze breakage in ceramic long-term use process.
Comprehensive leaching glaze device of the invention realizes that glaze is soaked on ceramic two sides by the 180 degree overturning of overturning Jin You mechanism, so that
Leaching glaze also can be directly carried out with loading plate contact position, later period reclaim is not necessarily to, improves efficiency, while being made by the overturning of turnover mechanism
With enabling to pour out with the glaze filled in reeded ceramics, without manually pouring out, not only improves efficiency, be turned over simultaneously
By the vibration of the elastic force of centripetal force and adjustment spring in journey, so that the extra glaze adhered on ceramics spills, without waiting glaze
Material is spilt downwards by gravity, the treatment effeciency after further increasing leaching glaze, so that directly can be used for roasting after leaching glaze.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is present invention leaching glaze apparatus structure schematic diagram comprehensively；
Fig. 2 is supporting mechanism structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is supporting mechanism structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is vertical regulating mechanism structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the Structure explosion diagram of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the Structure explosion diagram of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is elastic rotation holder structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the Structure explosion diagram of Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the second rotary rod structure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is rotating mechanism rod structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1-10 is please referred to be described in detail in conjunction with following examples:
Embodiment 1:
The specific preparation process that antibacterial loads quartz sand is as follows: the hydrochloric acid that 10L concentration is 10% 1. is added in 1kg quartz sand
In, it is warming up to 50 DEG C and is stirred to react filtration washing after 2-3h and dry to obtain pretreatment quartz sand；2. by the pretreated quartz sand of 1kg
It is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 8L concentration is 8.5-8.9%, is stirred to react 1-2h, then filtration washing is dry, obtains porous stone
Sand；3. zinc nitrate solution and concentration that the copper nitrate solution that configuration concentration is 7.6-8.1%, concentration are 10.4%-11.2% are 8-
Three kinds of solution are mixed to get mixed liquor according to the ratio of 1:1:1 by 9% silver nitrate, and wherein mixed liquor and porous stone sand are with 1:
0.72 mass ratio is mixed after mixing, and concentrated ammonia liquor is added dropwise thereto dropwise, stirs when being added dropwise, constant temperature after being added dropwise completely
It is stirred to react 1-2h, then filtration washing is dry, and the Muffle furnace that temperature is 800-850 DEG C is added in the solid particle after drying
Middle calcining 1-1.5h obtains antibacterial load quartz sand.
Embodiment 2:
The specific preparation process that antibacterial loads quartz sand is as follows: the hydrochloric acid that 10L concentration is 10% 1. is added in 1kg quartz sand
In, it is warming up to 50 DEG C and is stirred to react filtration washing after 2-3h and dry to obtain pretreatment quartz sand；2. configuration concentration is 7.6-8.1%
Copper nitrate solution, concentration be 10.4%-11.2% zinc nitrate solution and concentration be 8-9% silver nitrate, by three kinds of solution according to
The ratio of 1:1:1 is mixed to get mixed liquor, and wherein mixed liquor and pretreatment quartz sand are mixed with 1:0.72 mass ratio mixes
After uniformly, concentrated ammonia liquor is added dropwise thereto dropwise, is stirred when being added dropwise, constant temperature is stirred to react 1-2h after being added dropwise completely, then filters
Drying is washed, and the solid particle after drying is added in the Muffle furnace that temperature is 800-850 DEG C and calcines 1-1.5h, obtains antibacterial
Load quartz sand.
Embodiment 3:
The specific preparation process that antibacterial loads quartz sand is as follows: configuration concentration is the copper nitrate solution of 7.6-8.1%, concentration
The silver nitrate that zinc nitrate solution and concentration for 10.4%-11.2% are 8-9% mixes three kinds of solution according to the ratio of 1:1:1
To mixed liquor, wherein mixed liquor and quartz sand are mixed after mixing with 1:0.72 mass ratio, are added dropwise thereto dropwise dense
Ammonium hydroxide stir when being added dropwise, and constant temperature is stirred to react 1-2h after being added dropwise completely, then filtration washing drying, and by consolidating after drying
Body particle is added in the Muffle furnace that temperature is 800-850 DEG C and calcines 1-1.5h, obtains antibacterial load quartz sand.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics, including following technical process:
The first step, antibacterial load quartz sand prepared by 2.3kg feldspar, 4.2kg kaolin and 2.1kg embodiment 1 mix
Blank raw material are obtained, ball milling 13-15h in ball mill is added according to the mass ratio of 1:0.61-0.63 in blank raw material and water,
Then it is sieved, obtains the mixture that granularity is 160-170 mesh, mixture is then removed into iron tramp by magnetic separator, is connect
Add mixture into and squeeze out excessive moisture in filter press, aging 5-7 after obtained mud cake is slightly practiced in vacuum deairing machine
It, is then added in vacuum deairing machine again and is refined, and then water will be added to mix in obtained product, obtains blank；
The blank prepared in the first step is prepared into green body by slip casting by second step, and is passed through after green body is dried comprehensive
Leaching glaze device, which immerses ceramics in glaze, carries out glazing；
Wherein the specific preparation process of glaze is as follows: antibacterial load quartz sand prepared by 1kg, 1.4kg embodiment 1,
0.8kg lime stone, 0.1kg calcium phosphate, 0.4kg chrome green, 0.2kg iron oxide, 0.1kg manganese dioxide, 0.06kg nanometers
Titanium dioxide obtains mixture after mixing, mixture and water is added in ball mill with 1:0.75-0.8 parts of ratio, ball
35-40h is ground, then obtained slurry is crossed to the sieve of 120-150 mesh, obtain glaze；Wherein antibacterial load quartz sand have compared with
High anti-microbial property, so that the green body and external glaze inside the ceramics of preparation all have higher anti-microbial property；
Ceramics after glazing in second step are fired, obtain anti-bacteria ceramic by third step.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics is same as Example 4, by green body in embodiment 4 and glaze preparation process
Used in embodiment 1 prepare antibacterial load quartz sand be substituted for embodiment 2 preparation antibacterial load quartz sand.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics is same as Example 4, by green body in embodiment 4 and glaze preparation process
Used in embodiment 1 prepare antibacterial load quartz sand be substituted for embodiment 3 preparation antibacterial load quartz sand.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics is same as Example 4, will use during body preparation in embodiment 4
Embodiment 1 prepare antibacterial load quartz sand be substituted for common quartz sand.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics is same as Example 4, by green body in embodiment 4 and glaze preparation process
The antibacterial load quartz sand of the preparation of embodiment 1 used in middle preparation process is substituted for common quartz sand.
Embodiment 9:
According to GB15979-2002 standard, sterilization experiment is carried out for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, is gone with sterile
Then to drying after the ceramics cleaning prepared in embodiment 4-9 100mL aseptic deionized water is added, so in ionized water into ceramics
Being separately added into 1mL concentration thereto afterwards is 1X103The Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of CFU/g, after placing 4h at normal temperature,
The content for measuring Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in deionized water in embodiment 4-9, then measures its sterilizing rate.
Bacteriostasis rate of the ceramics of 1 embodiment 4-8 of table preparation to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
| Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 | |
| Escherichia coli (%) | 96.3 | 71.2 | 42.6 | 86.1 | 12.3 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (%) | 97.1 | 69.5 | 43.1 | 87.2 | 11.4 |
As shown in Table 1, quartz sand is using alkali process after peracid treatment, and the gap of quartz sand surface is more at this time, into
And make the metal salt solution impregnated in gap more, and then improve copper oxide, zinc oxide and the silver of quartz sand surface load
The content of simple substance, and then the quartz sand surface load for improving the anti-microbial property of ceramics, and only being handled through peracid treatment or not
Silver ion amount it is less, cannot so that anti-microbial property is lower, while when not loading antibacterial agent on the quartz sand in green body
The anti-microbial property of ceramics is improved by synergistic effect, so that anti-microbial property reduces.
Embodiment 10:
As shown in Figure 1, wherein leaching glaze device includes supporting mechanism 1 and rotating mechanism 4, the top peace of supporting mechanism 1 comprehensively
Dress is fixed with vertical regulating mechanism 2, while 1 side of supporting mechanism is equipped with overturning Jin You mechanism 3；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, supporting mechanism 1 includes bottom plate 11, is vertically fixedly connected with branch at the centre of surface of bottom plate 11
Dagger 12, the top of support column 12 are vertically and fixedly provided with top plate 13, and the four side integrally connected of surface of top plate 13 is fixed with side plate 14, side
The both ends of the surface of plate 14 are vertically connected and fixed there are two the positive stop strip 15 being oppositely arranged, and the surface side of side plate 14 is provided with the first installation
The bottom surface middle part in hole 141, support column 12 is provided with the first mounting groove 121, and the slot bottom of the first mounting groove 121 is provided with through top plate 13
Second mounting hole 122；
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, vertical regulating mechanism 2 includes the bearing that is mounted in the second mounting hole 122, in bearing
First rotating shaft 21 is installed, the top of first rotating shaft 21 is equipped with driving wheel 22, the power output of bottom end and first reducing motors
End is connected, and bearing is equipped in the first mounting hole 141, and lifting screw 23 is equipped in bearing, and the top of lifting screw 23 is worn
It crosses the first mounting hole 141 and driven wheel 24 is installed；Driving wheel 22 is engaged with driven wheel 24, and first reducing motors pass through first rotating shaft
21 drive driving wheel 22 to rotate, and driving wheel 22 drives driven wheel 24 to rotate by engagement, band in 24 rotation process of driven wheel
Dynamic lifting screw 23 rotates；
Overturning Jin You mechanism 3 includes Mobile base 31, and Mobile base 31 includes movable plate 311 and is vertically fixed on movable plate 311
Two fixed plates 312 of both ends of the surface, the wall outer surface of two fixed plates 312 connect with the side wall inner surfaces of positive stop strip 15, and two
A 312 bottom of fixed plate, which is respectively mounted, is fixed with the second shaft 314, while the side wall top of one of fixed plate 312 is equipped with
Third shaft 313, is equipped with elastic rotation seat 32 in third shaft 313, one end of third shaft 313 and second reducing motors
Power output end is connected；Two 314 one end of the second shaft are separately installed with the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotation sliding
Plate 316, being slidably installed between the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotatable slide plate 316, there are two loading plate 33, two carryings
It is connected and fixed between plate 33 by counterscrew 34；Glaze barrel is placed on 11 surface of bottom plate and is located at immediately below overturning Jin You mechanism 3；
The top end face of one of fixed plate 312 is provided with the threaded mounting hole 3121 being threadedly engaged with lifting screw 23；
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9, elastic rotation seat 32 include be sequentially connected from top to bottom the first fixed bull stick 321,
Connecting rod 322 and the second bull stick 323, one end side wall of the first bull stick 321 are provided with the first turn hole cooperated with third shaft 313
3211, while fixing groove 3212 is provided at the other end center of the first bull stick 321, the first bull stick 321 passes through the first turn hole
3211 are mounted in third shaft 313, and one end of connecting rod 322 is vertically installed with compact heap 3221, one end peace of connecting rod 322
Dress is fixed in fixing groove 3212, and an end face of the second bull stick 323 is provided with the second mounting groove 3231, and is provided in the end side wall
Second turn hole 3232, the slot bottom of the second mounting groove 3231 are provided with the third mounting hole 3233 cooperated with connecting rod 322, the second installation
It is equipped in slot 3231 and adjusts pressure spring 35, the one end for adjusting pressure spring 35 connects with the slot bottom of the second mounting groove 3231 compression, another
End is compressed with 3221 end face of compact heap to connect；
The side wall inner surfaces of first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotatable slide plate 316 are symmetrically provided with two bar shaped sliding slots
317, it is provided at the wall outer surface center of the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotatable slide plate 316 and matches with the second shaft 314
The third mounting groove 318 of conjunction, the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotatable slide plate 316 are mounted on by third mounting groove 318
In second shaft 314；Side integrally connected is fixed with and the second turn hole in the middle part of the wall outer surface of first rotatable slide plate 315
The fixing axle 3151 of 3232 cooperations, second reducing motors rotation drive elastic rotation seat 32 to rotate, are driven by the second bull stick 323
The 180 degree overturning of the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotatable slide plate 316 is realized in the rotation of first rotatable slide plate 315；
The surface of loading plate 33 is equidistantly provided with through-hole 331, while the both ends side wall integrally connected of loading plate 33 is fixed with two
A clamping block 332 cooperated with bar shaped sliding slot 317, two loading plates 33 are in the first rotatable slide plate 315 and the second rotation sliding
It is slided between plate 316 along bar shaped sliding slot 317, while having the first threaded hole 333 at the centre of surface of two loading plates 33
With the second threaded hole 334, the hand of spiral of the first threaded hole 333 and the second threaded hole 334 is on the contrary, 34 both ends of counterscrew simultaneously
Wall outer surface have with the first external screw thread of the first threaded hole 333 cooperation and with the cooperation of the second threaded hole 334 the
Two external screw threads, integrally connected is fixed with strip 341 to the both ends of the surface of counterscrew 34 respectively, leads to during rotating counterscrew 34
Crossing threaded function drives two loading plates 33 to move in the opposite direction along bar shaped sliding slot 317, and ceramics place ceramics when soaking glaze
On 33 surface of loading plate for being located at bottom, then drive two loading plates 33 mobile to middle part by rotation counterscrew 34, directly
Ceramic hold-down is fixed to two loading plates 33；
As shown in Figure 10, rotating mechanism 4 includes handrail mounting plate 41, and the surface of handrail mounting plate 41 is equipped with shaft 42,
The top of shaft 42 is connected with the power output end of third decelerating motor, and bottom end is provided with the card hole 43, In cooperated with strip 341
When rotating counterscrew 34, by the way that strip 341 to be connected in card hole 43, third decelerating motor is then opened, drives shaft 42
Rotation drives counterscrew 34 to rotate by shaft 42；
Specific use process is as follows for comprehensive leaching glaze device；
The first step, glaze barrel place: glaze barrel is placed on to the surface of bottom plate 11, positioned at overturning Jin You mechanism 3 just under
Side；
Second step, ceramics soak glaze after placing for the first time: ceramic groove is placed on 33 table of loading plate positioned at bottom upward
Face, open first reducing motors, by first rotating shaft 21 drive driving wheel 22 rotate, driving wheel 22 by engagement drive from
Driving wheel 24 rotates, and drives lifting screw 23 to rotate in 24 rotation process of driven wheel, in 23 rotation process of lifting screw by with spiral shell
The threaded connection of line mounting hole 3121 acts on, and drives Mobile base 31 to move down, until ceramics are completely submerged in glaze；
Third step, ceramics are fixed after soaking glaze for the first time and remove glaze barrel: after cerdip, passing through rotation
Shaft 42 in mechanism 4 drives counterscrew 34 to rotate, and drives two loading plates 33 mobile to middle part by counterscrew 34, directly
Loading plate 33 to top fixes ceramic hold-down；Then 21 turns of first rotating shaft of drive is rotated backward by first reducing motors
Dynamic, first rotating shaft 21 drives driving wheel 22 to rotate, and driving wheel 22 drives driven wheel 24 to rotate by engagement, and 24 turns of driven wheel
The rotation of lifting screw 23 is driven to realize that Mobile base 31 moves up during dynamic, until overturning Jin You mechanism 3 is far from glaze barrel；
4th step, ceramics carry out 180 degree overturning: it is rotated by second reducing motors and third shaft 313 is driven to rotate, third
Elastic rotation seat 32 is driven to rotate in 313 rotation process of shaft, elastic rotation seat 32 is by pulling the first rotatable slide plate 315 1
The fixing axle 3151 of avris drives second shaft 314 rotation of first rotatable slide plate 315 at center, during rotation
Since elastic rotation seat 32 rotates to be circular arc type structure, in rotation since the first rotatable slide plate 315 is fixed, so as to
Second shaft, 314 position rotate when the radius of gyration become smaller, at this time the second bull stick 323 of elastic rotation seat 32 along connecting rod 322 to
First bull stick 321 is mobile, and connecting rod 322 moves in the second bull stick 323, realizes the reduction of 32 length of elastic rotation seat, in turn
When adapting to the variation of the radius of gyration, while rotating after 90 degree of rotation to 180 degree, elastic rotation seat 32 is far from the second shaft 314
Side is mobile, and the radius of gyration becomes larger at this time, and the second bull stick 323 is moved along connecting rod 322 to the direction far from rotating bar 321, and
And damping adjusting is carried out by adjusting pressure spring 35 in moving process, until the length variation of elastic rotation seat 32 adapts to the radius of gyration
Variation, until the first rotatable slide plate 315 rotates 180 degree, the 180 degree of ceramics overturning at this time, ceramic surface is more in switching process
Remaining glaze is since centripetal force acts on and adjusts 35 shock effect of pressure spring, so that extra glaze is spilt to glaze barrel；
5th step, ceramic double dipping drive counterscrew 34 to rotate, by anti-by the shaft 42 in rotating mechanism 4
Drive two loading plates 33 mobile to two sides to screw rod 34, until loading plate 33 and the ceramics at top are not fixed；Then lead to
Crossing first reducing motors rotation drives first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and first rotating shaft 21 drives driving wheel 22 to rotate, and driving wheel 22 passes through
Engagement drives driven wheel 24 to rotate, and the rotation of lifting screw 23 is driven to realize that Mobile base 31 is downward in 24 rotation process of driven wheel
Movement, the ceramics after turn-over soak glaze completely, pass through vertical regulating mechanism 2 after leaching glaze and drive ceramics far from glaze barrel, leaching glaze
It finishes；
6th step after second of leaching glaze, repeats the 4th step, passes through ceramics 180 when ceramic both ends are all fluted
Degree overturning, pours out the glaze carried in groove, convenient for ceramic rapid draing.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.There is no detailed for preferred embodiment
All details are described, are not limited the invention to the specific embodiments described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
It can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to better explain the present invention
Principle and practical application, so that skilled artisan be enable to better understand and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
It is limited by claims and its full scope and equivalent.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics, which is characterized in that specific preparation process is as follows:
Ball milling 13-15h in ball mill is added according to the mass ratio of 1:0.61-0.63, then in blank raw material and water by the first step
It is sieved, obtains the mixture that granularity is 160-170 mesh, mixture is then removed into iron tramp by magnetic separator, then will
Mixture is added in filter press and squeezes out excessive moisture, aging 5-7 days after obtained mud cake is slightly practiced in vacuum deairing machine, so
It is added in vacuum deairing machine and is refined again afterwards, then water will be added to mix in obtained product, obtain blank；
Wherein blank raw material include each component raw material of following parts by weight: 23-28 parts of feldspar, 42-51 parts of kaolin, antibacterial are negative
Carry quartz sand 21-24 parts；
Wherein the specific preparation process of antibacterial load quartz sand is as follows: 1. quartz sand being added in the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 10%, heating
Filtration washing dries to obtain pretreatment quartz sand after being stirred to react 2-3h to 50 DEG C；Wherein every gram of quartz sand is added 10-12mL's
In hydrochloric acid；2. pretreated quartz sand is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 8.5-8.9%, it is stirred to react 1-2h, then
Filtration washing is dry, obtains porous stone sand;3. the copper nitrate solution that configuration concentration is 7.6-8.1%, concentration 10.4%-
11.2% zinc nitrate solution and concentration is the silver nitrate of 8-9%, and three kinds of solution are mixed to get mixing according to the ratio of 1:1:1
Liquid, and porous stone sand is added thereto, after being uniformly mixed, concentrated ammonia liquor is added dropwise thereto dropwise, is stirred when being added dropwise, drips
It adds complete rear constant temperature and is stirred to react 1-2h, then filtration washing is dry, and it is 800- that temperature, which is added, in the solid particle after drying
1-1.5h is calcined in 850 DEG C of Muffle furnace, obtains antibacterial load quartz sand；
The blank prepared in the first step is prepared into green body by slip casting by second step, and is passed through after green body is dried and soaked glaze comprehensively
Device, which immerses ceramics in glaze, carries out glazing；
Ceramics after glazing in second step are fired, obtain anti-bacteria ceramic by third step.
2. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that glaze packet in second step
Include the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-18 parts of feldspar, antibacterial load quartz sand 14-20 parts, 8-12 parts of lime stone, calcium phosphate 1-2
Part, 4-6 parts of chrome green, 2-3 parts of iron oxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.6-0.8 parts of nano-titanium dioxide.
3. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the specific preparation of glaze
Process is as follows: raw material being obtained mixture according to certain parts by weight after mixing, by mixture and water with 1:0.75-
0.8 part of ratio is added in ball mill, then obtained slurry is crossed the sieve of 120-150 mesh, obtains glaze by ball milling 35-40h
Material.
4. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 1 comprehensively, which is characterized in that soaked in second step
Glaze device includes supporting mechanism (1), is mounted at the top of supporting mechanism (1) vertical regulating mechanism (2), while supporting mechanism
(1) side is equipped with overturning Jin You mechanism (3)；
Supporting mechanism (1) includes bottom plate (11), is vertically fixedly connected at the centre of surface of bottom plate (11) support column (12), support
It is vertically and fixedly provided at the top of column (12) top plate (13), the four side integrally connected of surface of top plate (13) is fixed with side plate (14), side plate
(14) both ends of the surface are vertically connected and fixed there are two the positive stop strip (15) being oppositely arranged, and the surface side of side plate (14) is provided with first
The bottom surface middle part of mounting hole (141), support column (12) is provided with the first mounting groove (121), and the slot bottom of the first mounting groove (121) is provided with
Through the second mounting hole (122) of top plate (13)；
Vertical regulating mechanism (2) includes the bearing being mounted in the second mounting hole (122), is equipped with first rotating shaft in bearing
(21), the top of first rotating shaft (21) is equipped with driving wheel (22), and bottom end is connected with the power output end of first reducing motors,
Bearing is installed in the first mounting hole (141), is equipped in bearing lifting screw (23), the top of lifting screw (23) passes through the
One mounting hole (141) is equipped with driven wheel (24), and driving wheel (22) is engaged with driven wheel (24)；
Overturning Jin You mechanism (3) includes Mobile base (31), and Mobile base (31) includes movable plate (311) and is vertically fixed on movable plate
(311) in two fixed plates (312) of both ends of the surface, the wall outer surface of two fixed plates (312) and the side wall of positive stop strip (15)
Surface connects, and two fixed plate (312) bottoms are respectively mounted and are fixed with the second shaft (314), while one of fixed plate (312)
Side wall top be equipped with third shaft (313), elastic rotation seat (32), third shaft are installed in third shaft (313)
(313) one end is connected with the power output end of second reducing motors；Two the second shaft (314) one end are separately installed with
One rotatable slide plate (315) and the second rotatable slide plate (316), while one end of elastic rotation seat (32) is slided with the first rotation
Side is connected and fixed in the middle part of plate (315) wall outer surface；First rotatable slide plate (315) and the second rotatable slide plate (316) it
Between be slidably installed there are two loading plate (33), be connected and fixed between two loading plates (33) by counterscrew (34)；Wherein one
The top end face of a fixed plate (312) is provided with the threaded mounting hole (3121) being threadedly engaged with lifting screw (23).
5. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 4, which is characterized in that elastic rotation seat (32)
Including being sequentially connected fixed the first bull stick (321), connecting rod (322) and the second bull stick (323), the first bull stick from top to bottom
(321) one end side wall is provided with the first turn hole (3211) with third shaft (313) cooperation, while the first bull stick (321) is another
It is provided at one end face center fixing groove (3212), the first bull stick (321) is mounted on third shaft by the first turn hole (3211)
(313) in, one end of connecting rod (322) is vertically installed with compact heap (3221), and one end of connecting rod (322) is fixed on solid
Determine in slot (3212), an end face of the second bull stick (323) is provided with the second mounting groove (3231), and is provided with second in the end side wall
Turn hole (3232), the slot bottom of the second mounting groove (3231) is provided with and the third mounting hole (3233) of connecting rod (322) cooperation, and second
It is equipped in mounting groove (3231) and adjusts pressure spring (35), adjust the one end of pressure spring (35) and the slot bottom pressure of the second mounting groove (3231)
Tightly connect, the other end is compressed with compact heap (3221) end face to connect.
6. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first rotatable slide plate
(315) and the side wall inner surfaces of the second rotatable slide plate (316) are symmetrically provided with two bar shaped sliding slots (317), the first rotation sliding
It is provided at the wall outer surface center of plate (315) and the second rotatable slide plate (316) and pacifies with the third of the second shaft (314) cooperation
Tankage (318), the first rotatable slide plate (315) and the second rotatable slide plate (316) are mounted on the by third mounting groove (318)
In two shafts (314)；Side integrally connected is fixed with and the second turn hole in the middle part of the wall outer surface of first rotatable slide plate (315)
(3232) fixing axle (3151) cooperated.
7. a kind of preparation process of composite antibacterial ceramics according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the table of loading plate (33)
Face is equidistantly provided with through-hole (331), at the same loading plate (33) both ends side wall integrally connected it is fixed there are two with bar shaped sliding slot (317)
The clamping block (332) of cooperation, two loading plates (33) the first rotatable slide plate (315) and the second rotatable slide plate (316) it
Between along bar shaped sliding slot (317) slide, while had at the centre of surface of two loading plates (33) the first threaded hole (333) and
The hand of spiral of second threaded hole (334), the first threaded hole (333) and the second threaded hole (334) is on the contrary, counterscrew (34) two
The wall outer surface at end has with first external screw thread of the first threaded hole (333) cooperation and matches with the second threaded hole (334)
The second external screw thread closed, integrally connected is fixed with strip (341) to the both ends of the surface of counterscrew (34) respectively.
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| CN112939458A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-06-11 | 佛山市利德嘉陶瓷制釉有限公司 | Antibacterial ceramic glaze for wall and floor tiles and application method of glaze |
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| CN103798289A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of silver-loaded mesoporous silicon dioxide antibacterial agent |
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Denomination of invention: Preparation process of a composite antibacterial ceramic Effective date of registration: 20220210 Granted publication date: 20191122 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Meizhou branch Pledgor: GUANGDONG FUDA CERAMIC CULTURE DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022980001484 |
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