CN109551383B - Combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel for grinding camshaft and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel for grinding camshaft and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109551383B CN109551383B CN201811310630.3A CN201811310630A CN109551383B CN 109551383 B CN109551383 B CN 109551383B CN 201811310630 A CN201811310630 A CN 201811310630A CN 109551383 B CN109551383 B CN 109551383B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding the camshaft comprises the camshaft and the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel sleeved on a main shaft and used for grinding different parts of the camshaft, wherein one side of the camshaft, which is far away from the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel, is butted with a guide wheel, the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel comprises a large head end excircle and end face grinding wheel, a large head end excircle journal grinding wheel and a plurality of outer circle journal grinding wheels, and the profiles of the large head end excircle and end face grinding wheel and the large head end excircle journal grinding wheel are matched. The application field of the invention is that a plurality of excircle journals of the camshaft are ground at a time, a plurality of journals and large ends of the camshaft can be processed at a time, the processing efficiency is improved, and the surface roughness of a processed workpiece is ensured to be less than Rz 10.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design and manufacture of abrasive tools, and relates to a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for camshaft grinding and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry in China, the demand of the engine camshaft is greatly increased, and the requirements on the processing quality and the efficiency of the camshaft are higher and higher. In the existing manufacturing process of the camshaft, some automobile manufacturers need to use a grinding wheel to grind a plurality of outer cylindrical journals of the camshaft once. The process for grinding the outer circle journal of the camshaft in the current market is a process of turning or milling firstly and then grinding the diameter of the camshaft, and generally 6-20 parts of the outer circle of the camshaft need to be ground, so that the efficiency is low due to single grinding. And the grinding wheel has defects in the aspects of grinding linear speed, feed quantity, difficulty in controlling the size of each shaft neck after grinding, surface roughness and the like.
The CBN grinding wheel for grinding the camshaft journal can be divided into a ceramic bond CBN grinding wheel and an electroplated metal bond CBN grinding wheel according to the types of bonding agents. Compared with the CBN grinding wheel with the ceramic bond binding agent, the electroplated CBN grinding wheel has obvious advantages in the aspect of large-allowance removal grinding. The advantages are mainly reflected in the following aspects: the geometric accuracy of the molded surface can be still ensured without dressing the grinding wheel in the service life, and the dressing period of the grinding wheel can be saved; the grinding material keeps a certain edge height and is directly contacted with the workpiece, so that the grinding efficiency is improved; the grinding wheel with complex shapes such as a curved surface, a special shape and the like can be easily manufactured by using the electroplating bonding agent without increasing excessive manufacturing cost; the grinding wheel grinding machine can be manufactured by respectively manufacturing a plurality of grinding wheels according to the requirements of grinding objects and finally assembling the grinding wheels on a special grinding machine for single grinding, thereby improving the efficiency. Therefore, the electroplated CBN grinding wheel is particularly suitable for efficient and precise large-allowance removal grinding of the camshaft. The structural design, the processing precision, the control of the coating thickness, the precision finishing after plating and the detection of the consistency of the dimension of the grinding wheel base body and the plated dimension are important factors for manufacturing the precision-formed grinding electroplated CBN grinding wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention manufactures the corresponding electroplated CBN grinding wheel by designing the shape of the matrix of the grinding wheel and combining the processes of abrasive material selection, coating control, coating matrix and dimension consistency detection of the plated finished product and the dressing technology after the grinding wheel is plated. The application field of the invention is that a plurality of excircle journals of the camshaft are ground at a time, a plurality of journals and large ends of the camshaft can be processed at a time, the processing efficiency is improved, and the surface roughness of a processed workpiece is ensured to be less than Rz 10.
Based on the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a CBN emery wheel is electroplated with combination to camshaft grinding, locates the combination electroplating CBN emery wheel that is used for carrying out the grinding to camshaft different positions on the main shaft including camshaft, cover, and the camshaft is kept away from one side of combination electroplating CBN emery wheel and is connect with the guide pulley top, combination electroplating CBN emery wheel is including grinding big head end excircle and terminal surface emery wheel, grinding big head end excircle journal emery wheel and a plurality of grinding excircle journal emery wheels, wherein grinds the profile looks adaptation of big head end excircle and terminal surface emery wheel and grinding big head end excircle journal emery wheel.
Further, the external grinding journal grinding wheel is four, the outer diameter is 550-400 mm, and the inner hole diameter is 300-400 mm.
Further, grind big head end excircle and terminal surface emery wheel and be one, this emery wheel is 2.5-5mm less than external diameter of grinding excircle journal emery wheel, and hole diameter is 300 and gives other 400mm, and the outer fringe circumference of emery wheel terminal surface is equipped with the recess, and the recess is right trapezoid, and the ladder height is 3mm, and the upper base is 4mm, and the lower base is 11 mm.
Furthermore, the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circular shaft neck at the large head end is one, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is 8-12mm smaller than that of the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circular shaft neck at the large head end, a bulge is arranged on the outer edge of one end face of the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circular shaft neck at the large head end in the circumferential direction, and the bulge is matched with the groove of the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circular shaft neck at the large head end and the end.
A manufacturing method of a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the excircle and end face of the big head end according to the design of the camshaft, grinding the excircle journal of the big head end and grinding the excircle journal of the big head end, wherein the grinding wheel of the excircle and end face of the big head end is matched with the grinding wheel of the excircle journal of the big head end in profile, and a corresponding substrate object is processed according to a corresponding drawing;
(2) machining the grinding wheel matrix in the step (1), wherein the outer diameter deviation of the solid grinding wheel matrix is within 0.015mm, and the form and position tolerance is within 0.002 mm;
(3) abrasive material fine selection: the double screens which are overlapped by the upper screen and the lower screen are adopted for screening the grain diameter, so that the maximum deviation of the grain diameter of the grinding material is 0.02 mm;
(4) precision electroplating: electroplating the grinding wheel matrix according to the sequence of electrochemical oil removal, preplating and sanding to obtain the grinding wheel, wherein the electrolytic current density is 10-20A/dm during electrochemical oil removal2The current is adjusted, the current is increased by 30s, and the matrix can be removed by 0.005-0.01 mm; in preplating, the current density is 1-2A/dm2Regulating current, increasing for 10min, and increasing the bottom layer by 0.003-0.006 mm; when sanding, sanding by adopting a sand burying method;
(5) thickening: the current density of the sand-coated grinding wheel is 0.25-0.3A/dm2Electroplating for 20-25 h, wherein the duty ratio is 70-80%, the time ratio of positive pulse to negative pulse is 4-6, the deviation of the height of the edge on the two end surfaces and the excircle plane is not more than 20 mu m measured by a microscope quasi-focusing method, and the embedding rate of the coating is 30-55%;
(6) and (3) size trimming after plating: trimming the plated matrix by using a white corundum grinding wheel, wherein the size deviation of the molded surface is required to be less than 0.01 mm;
(7) and (3) detecting an abrasive layer: selecting a ruby measuring head as a detection probe to uniformly pick points in the excircle direction of the grinding wheel by adopting a three-coordinate detection method, taking two to four circles of data according to the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, and fitting the data points of each circle into a circle, wherein the outer diameter value of the circle is the required value; when the relative deviation of the outer diameter size is larger than 0.015mm, reworking and finishing the grinding wheel; the relative deviation of the outer diameter size is less than 0.015mm, and the processing requirement is met.
Further, the pre-plating, sanding and thickening processes are all carried out in nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution, and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution comprises the following components: nickel sulfate: 230-320g/L, nickel chloride: 30-50g/L, boric acid: 30-55g/L, cobalt sulfate: 10-30g/L, brightener: 0.5-1.2g/L, wetting agent: 0.1-0.5g/L and the solvent is water. The weight of the abrasive used in the sanding process is 10000-25000cts, and the abrasive which is not attached after sanding can be recycled.
Further, the wetting agent is one of sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium ethylhexyl sulfate, and the brightening agent is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is any one of butynediol, coumarin and propiolic alcohol, and the component B is any one of saccharin, sodium benzene sulfinate and sodium benzene sulfonate; the ratio of component A and component B is (0.3-0.6): 1, preferably (2-3): 5, and the specific ratio can be 2: 5 or 3: 5;
furthermore, in the step (3), the mesh number of the upper screen is equal to the maximum value of the abrasive grain diameter, the mesh number of the lower screen is equal to the minimum value of the abrasive grain diameter, and the abrasives below the upper screen and above the lower screen are taken as the abrasives of the electroplated grinding wheel base body.
Further, the diameter of the ruby probe in the step (7) is
5mm, uniformly taking 36 points per turn of data.
Furthermore, the material of the grinding wheel base body is 45 steel or 40Cr steel.
Further, the abrasive is CBN, and the particle size is 60-100 meshes.
The combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding the camshaft, which is manufactured by the manufacturing method, has the shape model of 3LL 1M.
According to the grinding method of the combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel for grinding the camshaft, the linear speed of the combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel is 90-150m/s, and the feeding speed is 4-8 m/min.
The combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel obtained by the invention can meet the use linear velocity of 150m/s, and the grinding feed amount reaches 4-10 m/min. The surface of the ground camshaft has no burn and crack, the indexes such as size, roundness and the like are within the tolerance range, the roughness Rz can reach below 10 mu m, and the surface quality requirement of a workpiece can be met. The process of single grinding of each shaft diameter is optimized, the time required for grinding a single camshaft is below 45 seconds, which is only 1/10 seconds of the previous process, and the high-efficiency grinding of single grinding of multiple shaft diameters is successfully realized.
The invention provides a size control and detection technology for processing a group of electroplated grinding wheel matrixes, which realizes the outer diameter detection of a group of grinding wheels on the same machine tool and reduces the rework operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding wheel for grinding an excircle journal, a grinding wheel for grinding an excircle and an end face of a large head end and a grinding wheel for grinding an excircle journal of a large head end according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a profile view of the cylindrical journal grinding wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a grinding wheel for grinding the outer circle and end face of the big end and a grinding wheel for grinding the outer circle of the big end;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection position of the grinding wheel abrasive layer for grinding the cylindrical journal;
fig. 5 is a schematic grinding diagram of assembled camshaft electroplated CBN grinding wheel, in the diagram, 1, grinding an excircle journal grinding wheel, 2, grinding an excircle and an end face grinding wheel of a large head end, 21, a groove, 3, grinding an excircle journal grinding wheel of a large head end, 31, a bulge, 4, a grinding material layer, 5, a ruby probe, 6, a guide wheel, 7, a camshaft, 8 and a spindle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The utility model provides a camshaft grinding is with combination electroplating CBN emery wheel, locates the combination electroplating CBN emery wheel that is used for carrying out the grinding to camshaft 7 different positions on main shaft 8 including camshaft 7, cover, camshaft 7 keeps away from one side of combination electroplating CBN emery wheel and connects with guide pulley 6 apical grafting, combination electroplating CBN emery wheel is including grinding big head end excircle and terminal surface emery wheel 2, grinding big head end excircle journal emery wheel 3 and a plurality of grinding excircle journal emery wheel 1, wherein grinds big head end excircle and terminal surface emery wheel 2 and grinds the profile looks adaptation of big head end excircle journal emery wheel 3. In the embodiment, the number of the external grinding journal grinding wheels 1 is four, the external diameter is 590mm, the diameter of an inner hole is 370mm, and the thickness is 30-40 mm;
the outer circle of the large head end and the end face grinding wheel 2 are ground, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is 586.57mm, the diameter of an inner hole is 370mm, the thickness of the grinding wheel is 45-55mm, a groove 21 is circumferentially arranged on the outer edge of one end face of the grinding wheel, the distance between the groove 21 and the outer edge is 3mm (the grinding material layer 4 covers the side face of the grinding wheel and the end face of the outer edge of the groove 21), the groove 21 is in a right trapezoid shape, the height of the trapezoid is 3mm, the upper bottom edge is 4mm, and the lower bottom;
the outer circle journal grinding wheel 3 for grinding the outer circle journal of the big head end is one, the outer diameter of the grinding wheel is 580mm, the diameter of an inner hole is 370mm, the thickness is 13-20mm, a bulge 31 is circumferentially arranged at the outer edge of the grinding wheel 3 for grinding the outer circle journal of the big head end, and the bulge 31 is matched with a groove 21 of the grinding wheel 2 for grinding the outer circle of the big head end and the end face;
the structure enables stress to be effectively released during grinding of the grinding wheel, the weight of the grinding wheel to be reduced, the mass distribution of the grinding wheel to be optimized, the load of the grinding material layer 4 is reduced in the process of grinding a workpiece, and the limit rotating speed of the grinding wheel is improved; in order to accelerate the discharge of grinding dust and heat of the big end and the permeation of cooling liquid, and grind by using grinding wheel middle area grinding materials to the maximum extent, a groove 21 is processed at the junction of the two grinding wheel combinations for processing the excircle and the end surface of the big end, and the cross section shape of the grinding wheel grinding material layer 4 can not only not hinder the combined use, but also increase the heat dissipation and cooling.
A manufacturing method of a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, an excircle and end face grinding wheel 2, an excircle journal grinding wheel 1 and an excircle journal grinding wheel 3 for grinding a big head end are designed according to the size and the relative position of the axial diameter of an air inlet camshaft of an automobile engine, and corresponding matrix objects are processed according to corresponding drawings, wherein the matrix of the grinding wheel has the shape code of 3LL 1M;
(2) the grinding wheel base body in the step (1) is subjected to machining by rough turning, punching, rough grinding of a plane inner hole, turning of a molded surface, fine grinding of an inner hole, an outer circle and an end face, the key steps of the process are that the feed amount is controlled on a special grinding machine, a fixed meter frame is clamped on the machine tool, a meter head is placed at the same position, a pointer of the meter is indicated to one position during each measurement, the outer diameter deviation among the grinding wheels is measured by observing the indication number in the X direction on the grinding machine, the inner hole, the outer circle and the end face are machined on the special grinding machine at one time, the outer diameter deviation of the grinding wheel base body is ensured to be within 0.015mm, and the form and position tolerance is within 0.002;
(3) abrasive material fine selection: because the combined grinding wheel has strict requirements on the size deviation among the grinding wheels, the grain size range of the grinding material needs to be strictly controlled on the basis of matrix control, and the grain size is screened by adopting an upper screen and a lower screen which are superposed to ensure that the maximum deviation of the grain size of the grinding material is 0.02 mm; taking a conventional CBN60/70 mesh abrasive as an example, according to the national standard, the deviation of the basic particle size is between 212 and 250 μm, the upper limit screen size is 322 μm, the lower limit screen size is 213 μm, the maximum and minimum particles are basically different by 100 μm, namely 0.1mm, and the deviation can not meet the requirement that the deviation of the size is +/-0.01 mm. Therefore, the method for reducing the grain size range of the used abrasive material and sieving the used abrasive material for multiple times is adopted, a 255-micron check sieve for detecting 50/60-mesh superabrasive material in the national standard is used as an upper sieve, a 213-micron check sieve for detecting 60/70-mesh superabrasive material is used as a lower sieve, the two check sieves are placed in an up-and-down overlapping mode, CBN 60/70-mesh abrasive material is placed on the upper check sieve to start sieving, finally, the abrasive material below the upper check sieve and above the lower check sieve is taken as the abrasive material used by the product, the basic grain size of the abrasive material is controlled to be 213-255-micron, namely, the maximum deviation of the grain size of the abrasive material is 0.02 mm. Other particle size abrasives may be screened in a similar manner. And (3) carrying out electrochemical degreasing, clamp assembly, electrolytic activation, preplating, sanding and thickening on the grinding wheel matrix in sequence to manufacture the electroplated CBN grinding wheel.
(4) Precision electroplating: the method comprises the steps of assembling a clamp, electrochemically removing oil, pre-plating and sanding. After electrochemical oil removal is finished, the non-plated part of the grinding wheel base body is protected by adopting a combined protection mode of adhesive paper and a special clamp, and a lead is connected to a non-reference surface, so that the outer diameter of the grinding wheel base body cannot be completely controlled on the same tolerance band, and each grinding wheel has certain deviation relative to the required size median, and the deviation is basically 0.015 mm. Therefore, the offset partial compensation needs to be realized through the electroplating process, and is mainly controlled through controlling the pretreatment time and the pre-plating time. According to the measured outer diameter data of the matrix, the piece with the deviation in the size deviation is selected as a reference, in the pretreatment process, a part of the matrix which is excessive is electrolyzed in an electrochemical oil removal matrix mode, and the matrix removal amount is in direct proportion to the electrolysis time. In addition, a grinding wheel with a smaller base can increase the thickness of the bottom layer by prolonging the preplating time. Wherein the concentration of the electrolyte solution is 10-20A/dm according to the electrolytic current density2The current is adjusted, the increase is 30s, and the matrix can be removed by 0.005-0.01 mm. In preplating, the current density is 1-2A/dm2Regulating current, increasing for 10min, and increasing the bottom layer by 0.003-0.006 mm. When the sand is coated, a sand coating method is adopted for coating the sand, and a sand coating cover is matched for carrying out a sand coating process. The grinding wheel mainly ensures that the outer circle is subjected to single-time sanding so as to ensure that the grinding materials are distributed along a single layer of the matrix, the grinding materials used by the grinding wheel are CBN, the granularity is 60/70 meshes, and the embedding rate of the coating is set to be 30-55%.
(5) Thickening: in order to keep the abrasive edge-projecting height of each area as the same as possible, a bidirectional pulse power supply is needed in the grinding wheel thickening process, the grinding wheel is firstly used as a cathode deposition coating by utilizing forward current, and then the grinding wheel is used as an anode to electrolyze parts with obvious tip effects such as arc bulges and the like by utilizing reverse current, so that the aim of uniform overall deposition thickness of the coating is fulfilled. Wherein the pulse power supply has a current density of 0.25-0.3A/dm2And the time is 20-25 h, the duty ratio is 70-80%, the positive and negative pulse time proportion is 4-6, and the thickened pulse is taken out after thickening. After the thickening is finished, the clamp and the adhesive paper are disassembled and put into an ovenAnd keeping the temperature of the oven at 80 ℃ for 2h, so that the abrasive layer 4 is formed on the grinding wheel base body. The deviation of the height of the edge on the two end surfaces and the excircle plane is not more than 20 μm by the microscope quasi-focus method, and the profile of the grinding wheel after thickening is shown in figures 2 and 3.
Pre-plating, sanding and thickening are carried out in nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution, the weight of the abrasive used in the sanding process is 10000-25000cts, the abrasive which is not attached after the electroplating is finished can be recycled, and the nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution comprises the following components: nickel sulfate: 230-320g/L, nickel chloride: 30-50g/L, boric acid: 30-55g/L, cobalt sulfate: 10-30g/L, brightener: 0.5-1.2g/L, wetting agent: 0.1-0.5g/L and the solvent is water. The wetting agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the brightening agent is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is butynediol, and the component B is sodium benzene sulfinate; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 3: 5.
(6) And (3) size trimming after plating: placing the grinding wheel on a special machine tool, then aligning the high points of the excircle grinding material layer 4, and removing the high points of the cutter by using the mounted white corundum grinding wheel, wherein the size deviation of the molded surface is required to be less than 0.01 mm;
(7) and (3) detecting an abrasive layer: the abrasive particles on the abrasive layer of the electroplated grinding wheel are directly exposed outside, so that the outer diameter detection difficulty is increased. Selecting a detection probe by adopting a three-coordinate detection method
The ruby measuring head 5 with the diameter of 55mm can effectively reduce abrasion, and cannot be embedded into a gap between the grinding materials. Points are uniformly taken in the excircle direction of the grinding wheel, 36 points are taken (see figure 4), three circles of data are taken according to the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, 36 respective data points are adopted to fit into a circle, and the numerical value of the outer diameter of the circle is the required numerical value. When the relative deviation of the outer diameter dimension is larger than 0.015mm, the workpiece processed by the grinding wheel is easy to have uneven wear, and reworking and finishing are needed. The relative deviation of the outer diameter of the molded surface is less than 0.015mm, so that the processing requirement is met.
(8) And carrying out dynamic balance treatment on each grinding wheel G1 grade. After the treatment, as shown in fig. 5, the respective grinding wheels are assembled and mounted on one main shaft 8, and the camshaft 7 is ground, and the other side of the camshaft 7 is abutted by the guide wheel 6.
A camshaft 7 made of chilled cast iron is supported by a supporting plate, the rear side of the camshaft is fixed by a guide wheel 6, and a group of grinding wheels are clamped on a grinding carriage of the numerically controlled grinder. According to the programmed program of the machine tool, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is kept at 90-150m/s, the feeding speed is kept at 4-8m/min, and the cooling liquid system is well adjusted. And starting the machine tool to perform large-allowance efficient removal grinding on the camshaft 7.
The camshaft is ground by adopting a plurality of grinding wheels, so that the aim of grinding six stations at a time can be achieved. The single removal allowance can reach 2-4mm, the roughness is less than Rz10, the single-piece machining time is only 40-45s, under the condition of ensuring the same removal amount, the machining time length is about 300s by utilizing the machining mode that the single-piece grinding wheel can only grind a single station at a time, and the machining time length is about 140 s and 160s by utilizing the combined grinding wheel of other binding agent types, so that the invention obviously reduces the grinding time of the camshaft. After 10-15 pieces are processed, the shape correction and sharpening of the grinding wheel abrasive layer are needed, the electroplating grinding wheel has the advantages of no trimming and high sharpness, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft is characterized by comprising the camshaft and a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel sleeved on a main shaft and used for grinding different parts of the camshaft, wherein one side of the camshaft, which is far away from the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel, is butted with a guide wheel; the number of the grinding wheels for grinding the outer circle shaft neck is four, the outer diameter is 550-630mm, and the inner hole diameter is 300-400 mm; the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle and the end face of the big head end is one, the grinding wheel is 2.5-5mm smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle journal, the diameter of an inner hole is 300-400mm, grooves are circumferentially arranged at the outer edge of the excircle and the end face of the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle and the end face of the big head end, the grooves are in a right trapezoid shape, the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle journal of the big head end is one, the grinding wheel is 8-12mm smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle journal, protrusions are circumferentially arranged at the outer edge of the end face of the grinding wheel for grinding the excircle and the end face of the big head end.
2. The method for manufacturing a composite electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) grinding the excircle and end face of the big head end, grinding the excircle journal and grinding the excircle journal of the big head end according to the design of the camshaft, and processing a corresponding grinding wheel matrix according to a corresponding drawing;
(2) machining the grinding wheel matrix in the step (1) to enable the outer diameter deviation of the grinding wheel matrix to be within 0.015mm and form and position tolerance to be within 0.002 mm;
(3) abrasive material fine selection: the double screens which are overlapped by the upper screen and the lower screen are adopted for screening the grain diameter, so that the maximum deviation of the grain diameter of the grinding material is 0.02 mm;
(4) precision electroplating: electroplating the grinding wheel matrix according to the sequence of electrochemical oil removal, preplating and sanding to obtain the grinding wheel, wherein the electrolytic current density is 10-20A/dm during electrochemical oil removal2The current is adjusted, the current is increased by 30s, and the matrix can be removed by 0.005-0.01 mm; in preplating, the current density is 1-2A/dm2Regulating current, increasing for 10min, and increasing the bottom layer by 0.003-0.006 mm; when sanding, sanding by adopting a sand burying method;
(5) thickening: the current density of the sand-coated grinding wheel is 0.25-0.3A/dm2Electroplating for 20-25 h, wherein the duty ratio is 70-80%, the time ratio of positive pulse to negative pulse is 4-6, the deviation of the height of the edge on the two end surfaces and the excircle plane is not more than 20 mu m measured by a microscope quasi-focusing method, and the embedding rate of the coating is 30-55%;
(6) and (3) size trimming after plating: trimming the plated matrix by using a white corundum grinding wheel, wherein the size deviation of the molded surface is required to be less than 0.01 mm;
(7) and (3) detecting an abrasive layer: selecting a ruby measuring head as a detection probe to uniformly pick points in the excircle direction of the grinding wheel by adopting a three-coordinate detection method, taking two to four circles of data according to the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, and fitting the data points of each circle into a circle, wherein the outer diameter value of the circle is the required value; when the relative deviation of the outer diameter size is larger than 0.015mm, reworking and finishing the grinding wheel; when the relative deviation of the outer diameter size is less than 0.015mm, the processing requirement is met.
3. The manufacturing method of the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding of the camshaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pre-plating, sanding and thickening are all performed in a nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution, the nickel-cobalt alloy plating solution comprises the following components: nickel sulfate: 230-320g/L, nickel chloride: 30-50g/L, boric acid: 30-55g/L, cobalt sulfate: 10-30g/L, brightener: 0.5-1.2g/L, wetting agent: 0.1-0.5g/L, and the solvent is water; the weight of the abrasive used in the sanding process is 10000-25000 cts; the wetting agent is one of sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium ethylhexyl sulfate, and the brightening agent is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is any one of butynediol, coumarin and propiolic alcohol, and the component B is any one of saccharin, sodium benzene sulfinate and sodium benzene sulfonate; the mass ratio of component A and component B is (0.3-0.6): 1.
4. The method for manufacturing a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mesh number of the upper screen is equal to the maximum value of the grain size of the abrasives, the mesh number of the lower screen is equal to the minimum value of the grain size of the abrasives, and the abrasives below the upper screen and above the lower screen are taken as the abrasives of the electroplated grinding wheel base body in the step (3).
5. The method for manufacturing the combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding the camshaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of the ruby measuring head in the step (7) is 5mm, and 36 points are uniformly taken from each circle.
6. The method for manufacturing a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding of camshafts as claimed in claim 2, wherein the material of the grinding wheel base is 45 steel or 40Cr steel.
7. The method for manufacturing a combined electroplated CBN grinding wheel for grinding a camshaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein the abrasive is CBN and has a particle size of 60 to 100 mesh.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811310630.3A CN109551383B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | Combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel for grinding camshaft and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201811310630.3A CN109551383B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | Combined electroplating CBN grinding wheel for grinding camshaft and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114603493B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-02-07 | 西安交通大学 | Grinding wheel with grinding temperature online measurement function |
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| CN101570007B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-04-20 | 深圳市常兴金刚石磨具有限公司 | Method for producing plated diamond grinding wheel |
| DE102009024209B4 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2012-12-06 | Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MULTILAYER GRINDING OF WORKPIECES |
| CN102009391B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-08-22 | 沈阳中科超硬磨具磨削研究所 | Process for manufacturing high precise electroplating CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) grinding wheel |
| DE102011110118B4 (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2015-07-09 | Emag Holding Gmbh | simultaneous grinding machine |
| CN203993399U (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-10 | 青岛四砂泰益研磨有限公司 | Crankshaft grinding processing emery wheel group |
| CN206527667U (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-09-29 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Electroplating CBN emery wheel is used in crankshaft journal processing |
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