CN109551179A - A kind of metal parts manufacturing method and manufacture system - Google Patents
A kind of metal parts manufacturing method and manufacture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109551179A CN109551179A CN201811441393.4A CN201811441393A CN109551179A CN 109551179 A CN109551179 A CN 109551179A CN 201811441393 A CN201811441393 A CN 201811441393A CN 109551179 A CN109551179 A CN 109551179A
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- cladding
- layer
- increasing material
- printable layer
- metal parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The present invention relates to the processing and manufacturing technology of metal parts, a kind of metal parts manufacturing method and manufacture system are disclosed.The metal parts manufacturing method is the following steps are included: pass through one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding equipment cladding；Quality testing is carried out to material printable layer is increased, if unqualified, material printable layer milling removal will be increased, and continue one layer of cladding, if qualified, judges whether that printing is completed, if it is not, then continuing one layer of cladding on increasing material printable layer；The method of quality testing includes the surface smoothness for obtaining the increasing material printable layer of cladding, and the numerical value of surface smoothness is compared with default value, unqualified if surface smoothness numerical value is greater than default value, if it is qualified to be less than or equal to default value.The present invention can carry out quality testing to it after completing every layer of increasing material printable layer, if unqualified, which is removed, to prevent there is the defects of collapsing, salient point, to realize that machine adds modified purpose, improves the yield rate of metal parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing and manufacturing technology of metal parts more particularly to a kind of metal parts manufacturing methods and system
Make system.
Background technique
With the manufacturing fast development such as aerospace, automobile, the energy, electronics, high-performance metal components are proposed
The demand of customization and flexible manufacturing, and this demand becomes more more and more urgent.Traditional reciprocity material and subtract manufacture process,
Such as casting, turning, forging, milling processing method, can no longer meet this demand.Increasing material manufacturing technique is since it is quick, spirit
It lives, be not necessarily to the advantages such as mold and fixture, low cost, the deficiency of conventional fabrication processes can be made up well.Pass through increasing material manufacturing
Metal parts integrated molding may be implemented in technological design metal parts, reduces the weight of metal parts, improves metal
The integral strength of components.But the low, surface roughness using the metal parts dimensional accuracy of increasing material manufacturing technique production
Greatly, stress deformation is big, microstructure is uneven, it is difficult to directly meet assembly requirement, constrain it in high-end industrial circle
Application.
In order to improve increasing material manufacturing efficiency, formed precision is improved, and increasing material manufacturing technique is made really to be applied to practical work
Industry field, the prior art, which provides a kind of increasing material and subtracts material, manufactures the mode that combines, i.e., it is layer-by-layer formed increase material printable layer after,
Precision Machining is carried out to metal parts by subtracting manufacture process again, the surface accuracy of metal parts can be improved, especially
It is for the metal parts high with complicated inner cavity and surface of internal cavity quality requirement.But increase material printable layer in layer-by-layer formed
During, the surface quality that cannot increase material printable layer to every layer be modified, and collapsing occur in some increasing material printable layers, salient point etc.
Defect influences the yield rate of metal parts.
Summary of the invention
Based on the above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of metal parts manufacturing methods, must not be to every with solution
The problem of surface quality that layer increases material printable layer is modified, improves the one-time formed yield rate of metal parts.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of metal parts manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
Pass through one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding equipment cladding；
Quality testing is carried out to the increasing material printable layer, if unqualified, the increasing material printable layer milling is removed, and after
Continuous one layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer judges whether that printing is completed, if it is not, then on the increasing material printable layer if qualified
Continue one layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer；
The method of quality testing includes the surface smoothness for obtaining the increasing material printable layer of cladding, and the surface is put down
The numerical value of whole degree is compared with default value, unqualified if surface smoothness numerical value is greater than the default value, if being less than
Or it is then qualified equal to the default value.
Further, it during increasing material printable layer described in the cladding equipment cladding, is measured at interval of pre-determined distance molten
The coordinate of the profile on surface is covered, and obtains multiple coordinates in cladding process, surface smoothness is each coordinate vertical height
Maximum deviation rate, the maximum deviation rate are the maximum value of the relative deviation of each coordinate vertical height numerical value.
Further, described in the cladding equipment cladding increasing material printable layer during, by Zaser contourgraph at interval of
The pre-determined distance obtains a coordinate.
Further, the pre-determined distance is 0~100 μm, and the default value is 0~60%.
Further, if the increasing material printable layer quality testing is qualified, whether judge the layer height for increasing material printable layer
Within a preset range；
If so, judging whether that printing is completed；
If it is not, then removing the increasing material printable layer milling, and continue one layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer.
Further, if the layer height for increasing material printable layer within a preset range, judges accumulative increasing material printing
The size of total the layer height and preset height of layer continues one layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer if being less than；If more than or be equal to, then
Increasing material printable layer finishing to accumulative cladding, and judge whether that printing is completed.
Further, the preset height is 5mm~10mm.
Further, when the cladding equipment cladding operation, operation in the environment of being full of inert gas.
A kind of manufacture system that can implement metal parts manufacturing method described in any of the above scheme, including cladding are set
It is standby, subtract material manufacture module and motion module, the motion module include mechanical arm, it is described subtract material manufacture module include milling head and
The milling cutter being fixed on the milling head, the milling head are installed on the mechanical arm and for increasing material printable layer millings
It cuts, the cladding equipment is slideably positioned in the milling head, and the Zaser contourgraph is fixedly arranged in the cladding equipment.
It further, further include nitrogen making machine, when the cladding equipment cladding operation, the nitrogen making machine manufactures nitrogen, and makes
The cladding equipment operation in a nitrogen environment.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention can carry out quality testing to the increasing material printable layer after completing every layer of increasing material printable layer, if unqualified,
The increasing material printable layer milling is removed, then prints the increasing material printable layer again, the increasing material printable layer to prevent printing collapses
Fall into, salient point the defects of, can to every layer increase material printable layer quality carry out machine add amendment, improve the one-time formed of metal parts
Yield rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart one for the metal parts manufacturing method that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the flowchart 2 for the metal parts manufacturing method that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart 3 for the metal parts manufacturing method that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for the manufacture system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the partial structure diagram for the manufacture system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 6 is the partial structure diagram during the manufacture system increasing material manufacturing that the specific embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 7 is that the manufacture system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides subtracts partial structure diagram in material manufacturing process.
In figure:
1- environmental cabinet；2- cladding equipment；3- processes substrate；4- subtracts material manufacture module；5- monitoring modular；6- control module；
7- nitrogen making machine；8- motion module；9- workbench；10- heat source generator；11- feeding mechanism；
41- milling head；42- milling cutter；51- Zaser contourgraph；81- mechanical arm；82- pedestal；
411- sliding rail.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.It is understood that this place
The specific embodiment of description is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.In addition it should be noted that, in order to
Convenient for describing, only the parts related to the present invention are shown rather than entire infrastructure in attached drawing.
As shown in figs. 1-7, present embodiment provides a kind of metal parts manufacturing method, which includes
Following steps: by 2 cladding of cladding equipment, one layer of increasing material printable layer, carrying out quality testing to the increasing material printable layer, if unqualified,
Material printable layer milling removal will then be increased, and continue one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding, if qualified, judge whether that printing is completed, if
It is no, then continue one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding on increasing material printable layer；The method of quality testing includes that the increasing material of acquisition cladding is beaten
The surface smoothness of layer is printed, and the numerical value of surface smoothness is compared with default value, if surface smoothness numerical value is greater than
Default value is then unqualified, qualified if being less than or equal to default value.In present embodiment, every layer of increasing material printable layer is completed
Afterwards, can quality testing be carried out to the increasing material printable layer, if unqualified, which is removed, is then beaten again
The increasing material printable layer is printed, the defects of collapsing, salient point occurs in the increasing material printable layer to prevent printing, can be to every layer of increasing material printable layer
Quality carry out machine add amendment, improve the one-time formed yield rate of metal parts.
Further, the method for obtaining the surface smoothness of the increasing material printable layer of cladding includes increasing in 2 cladding of cladding equipment
During material printable layer, the coordinate of the profile on cladding surface is measured at interval of pre-determined distance, and acquisition is more in cladding process
A coordinate, surface smoothness are the maximum deviation rate of each coordinate vertical height, and maximum deviation rate is each coordinate vertical height
The maximum value of the relative deviation of numerical value.
Specifically, the seat calibration method for obtaining the profile on cladding surface includes increasing material printable layer in 2 cladding of cladding equipment
In the process, a coordinate is obtained at interval of pre-determined distance by Zaser contourgraph 51.The vertical height for the coordinate that will acquire is extracted
Out, an array is formed, the relative deviation of each coordinate vertical height numerical value in the array is calculated.Specifically, it obtains opposite
The method of deviation includes calculating the average value of each coordinate vertical height numerical value and each coordinate vertical height number in the array
The absolute value of value and the difference of average value, relative deviation is the ratio of the absolute value and average value, when each coordinate vertical height
When numerical value is maximum value or minimum value, there is the maximum value of relative deviation.Can be during cladding, the cladding in measurement；
Can also be after the cladding for completing every layer of increasing material printable layer, then measure.
Specifically, pre-determined distance is 0~100 μm, it is preferable that pre-determined distance is 10 μm, carries out coordinate with such interval
Data acquisition so that the quantity of data point is suitable, and can accurately reflect the surface smoothness on the cladding surface.Default value
It is 0~60%, it is preferable that default value 15%.If exceeding the default value, illustrate that significantly collapsing occurs in cladding layer
Fall into, convexity layer the defects of, it is off quality.
Since the fusing degree of cladding raw material is different, so that cladding equipment 2, when carrying out cladding operation, every layer of increasing material is beaten
The layer height of print layer will appear difference, and therefore, if increasing, the quality testing of material printable layer is qualified, judge that this layer increases the layer height of material printable layer
Whether within a preset range, if so, judging whether that printing is completed, if it is not, then remove the increasing material printable layer milling, and after
Continuous one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding, the layer height for increasing material printable layer this guarantees every layer are essentially identical.Specifically, an increasing is set
The index bed of material printable layer is high, maximum preset layer is high and minimum default layer is high, maximum preset layer high setting index bed it is high 1 to
In the range of 1.2 times, the default layer high setting of minimum is in the range of index bed high 0.8 to 1 times, it is preferable that maximum preset layer
High 1.1 times of a height of index bed, high 0.9 times of the default a height of index bed of layer of minimum.
Further, if this layer increases the layer height of material printable layer within a preset range, judge the accumulative height of institute's cladding operation
Degree and the size of preset height, continue one layer of cladding the increasings material printable layer if being less than, if more than or be equal to, then melted to accumulative
The increasing material printable layer finishing covered, and judge whether that printing is completed, so that the surfaces externally and internally matter of the metal parts of manufacture
Amount reaches requirement and assembly precision.Specifically, preset height is 5mm~10mm.
Further, after the primary finishing of every completion, procedure of processing more than circulation, until printing the metal zero of needs
Part.
Further, when the 2 cladding operation of cladding equipment, operation in the environment of being full of inert gas.Preferably, indifferent gas
Body is nitrogen, and price is low, can preferably be full of entire processing space.Specifically, nitrogen is manufactured by nitrogen making machine 7.When being processed
When, nitrogen making machine 7 is first started to work, and nitrogen is filled into processing space, until the content of oxygen in processing space is lower than 500ppm
When, cladding equipment 2 starts cladding and increases material printable layer.Since there are gaps for processing space, if gas and the external world in processing space
It swaps, will affect nitrogen gas concn in processing space reduces, and oxygen is easy to cause to enter, and oxygen meeting and thawing
Oxidation reaction occurs for metal, influences the processing quality of metal parts, and therefore, in entire manufacturing process, nitrogen making machine 7 continues to adding
Work fills nitrogen in space, makes to keep certain positive air pressure in processing space, prevents extraneous oxygen from entering processing space.
As shown in Figure 4-Figure 7, present embodiment also provides a kind of manufacture that can implement above-mentioned metal parts manufacturing method
System.The manufacture system includes cladding equipment 2, subtracts material manufacture module 4 and motion module 8, and motion module 8 includes mechanical arm 81,
Subtracting material manufacture module 4 includes milling head 41 and milling cutter 42, and milling cutter 42 is fixed on milling head 41, and milling head 41 is installed
In on mechanical arm 81, cladding equipment 2 is slideably positioned on milling head 41, and Zaser contourgraph 51 is fixedly arranged in cladding equipment 2.Milling
Cutter 42 removes the high underproof increasing material printable layer of off quality or layer for milling or prints to the increasing material of accumulative cladding
Layer is finished, which can implement above-mentioned metal parts manufacturing method, can increase the matter of material printable layer to every layer
Amount carry out machine adds amendment, improves the one-time formed yield rate of metal parts.
Specifically, milling head 41 is equipped with sliding rail 411, and sliding rail 411 is fixed on the side wall of milling head 41 by screw, melts
Coating equipment 2 is fixed on the sliding block cooperated with sliding rail 411 by screw.Milling cutter 42 and cladding equipment 2 are in the vertical direction
In parallel, facilitate the switching for subtract material manufacture module 4 and cladding equipment 2.
Further, which further includes environmental cabinet 1, detection module 5, control module 6, nitrogen making machine 7, motion module
8, heat source generator 10 and feeding mechanism 11, cladding equipment 2 subtract material manufacture module 4, detection module 5, nitrogen making machine 7, motion module
8, heat source generator 10 and feeding mechanism 11 are controlled by control module 6.Subtract material manufacture module 4, cladding equipment 2 and motion module
8 are all set in inside environmental cabinet 1, and the processing space of metal parts is formed inside environmental cabinet 1.
Further, workbench 9 is equipped in environmental cabinet 1, workbench 9 is equipped with processing substrate 3, and cladding equipment 2 is being processed
Cladding operation is carried out on substrate 3.
Further, increasing material manufacturing module includes heat source generator 10, feeding mechanism 11 and cladding equipment 2, feeding mechanism
11 are delivered to cladding raw material in cladding equipment 2, and are melted cladding raw material by heat source generator 10.Specifically, hot
Source generator 10 is laser, and feeding mechanism 11 is the wire-feed motor with four road wire feed functions, and cladding raw material are wire.It send
Silk machine sends out four one metal wires, and four one metal wires are inserted into cladding equipment 2 by conduit, and four one metal wires are set in cladding
Collect at standby 2 cladding head, the laser spot of laser focuses on the wire collected, and wire is melted.Heat source hair
Raw device 10 and feeding mechanism 11 are controlled by control module 6 to be opened and closed.
As shown in figure 5, motion module 8 includes mechanical arm 81 and pedestal 82, pedestal 82 is fixed in environmental cabinet 1, mechanical arm
81 are installed on pedestal 82, and mechanical arm 81 is multi-axis machine arm.Specifically, mechanical arm 81 is six-joint robot, and cladding equipment 2 is pacified
On the 6th axis loaded on mechanical arm 81, milling head 41 is installed on the 6th axis of mechanical arm 81 by connecting plate and screw.It is mechanical
Arm 81 drives cladding equipment 2 to start layer-by-layer cladding on processing substrate 3, and mechanical arm 81 moves flexibly, can preferably assist melting
Coating equipment 2 carries out cladding operation.
Monitoring modular 5 includes Zaser contourgraph 51, and Zaser contourgraph 51 is installed in cladding equipment 2 by connecting plate and screw
On, and 2 focal plane of cladding equipment is in the effective range of Zaser contourgraph 51, facilitate Zaser contourgraph 51 right
The profile on cladding surface measures, and carries out the quality testing for increasing material printable layer.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the relative altitude of milling cutter 42 and cladding equipment 2 in the vertical direction can pass through sliding rail
411 are adjusted.Control module 6 controls the movement of driving mechanism, and then controls the movement of sliding block.When cladding equipment 2 is melted
When covering operation, driving mechanism driving sliding block is moved downward, and sliding block drive cladding equipment 2 moves downwardly to the height of cladding equipment 2
It is h1 lower than the height of milling cutter 42；When milling cutter 42 works, driving mechanism driving sliding block is moved upwards, and sliding block drives molten
The height that coating equipment 2 moves up to cladding equipment 2 is h2 higher than the height of milling cutter 42.Specifically, h1 is 5cm~10cm,
H2 is 5cm~20cm.Preferably, h1 and h2 is 10cm, i.e., the slippage of sliding rail 411 is 20cm.But h1 and h2 do not limit to
In above-mentioned distance range, as long as the movement of the two will not interfere i.e. after switching to milling cutter 42 and cladding equipment 2
It can.
Note that above are only better embodiment and institute's application technology principle of the invention.Those skilled in the art can manage
Solution, the present invention is not limited to particular implementations described here, are able to carry out for a person skilled in the art various apparent
Variation is readjusted and is substituted without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by embodiment of above to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to embodiment of above, is not departing from present inventive concept
In the case of, it can also include other more equivalent implementations, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal parts manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps:
Pass through one layer of increasing material printable layer of cladding equipment (2) cladding；
Quality testing is carried out to the increasing material printable layer, if unqualified, the increasing material printable layer milling is removed, and continue to melt
One layer of increasing material printable layer is covered, if qualified, judges whether that printing is completed, if it is not, then continuing on the increasing material printable layer
One layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer；
The method of quality testing includes the surface smoothness for obtaining the increasing material printable layer of cladding, and by the surface smoothness
Numerical value be compared with default value, if surface smoothness numerical value be greater than the default value if it is unqualified, if being less than or waiting
It is then qualified in the default value.
2. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in cladding equipment (2) cladding
During increasing material printable layer, the coordinate of the profile on cladding surface is measured at interval of pre-determined distance, and obtain in cladding process
Multiple coordinates, surface smoothness are the maximum deviation rate of each coordinate vertical height, and the maximum deviation rate is hung down for each coordinate
The maximum value of the relative deviation of straight height number.
3. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described in cladding equipment (2) cladding
During increasing material printable layer, a coordinate is obtained at interval of the pre-determined distance by Zaser contourgraph (51).
4. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the pre-determined distance is 0~100 μm,
The default value is 0~60%.
5. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that if the increasing material printable layer quality testing
Whether within a preset range qualification then judges the layer height for increasing material printable layer；
If so, judging whether that printing is completed；
If it is not, then removing the increasing material printable layer milling, and continue one layer of the cladding increasing material printable layer.
6. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that if the layer height for increasing material printable layer exists
In preset range, then the size of total the layer height and preset height of the accumulative increasing material printable layer is judged, continue to melt if being less than
Cover one layer of increasing material printable layer；If more than or be equal to, then the increasing material printable layer of accumulative cladding is finished, and judge be
No printing is completed.
7. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preset height is 5mm~10mm.
8. metal parts manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cladding equipment (2) the cladding operation
When, operation in the environment of being full of inert gas.
9. one kind can implement the manufacture system such as the described in any item metal parts manufacturing methods of claim 1-8, feature
It is, including the cladding equipment (2), subtracts material manufacture module (4) and motion module (8), the motion module (8) includes mechanical
Arm (81), the milling cutter for subtracting material manufacture module (4) and including milling head (41) and being fixed on the milling head (41)
(42), the milling head (41) is installed on the mechanical arm (81) and for the increasing material printable layer milling, the cladding
Equipment (2) is slideably positioned in the milling head (41), and the Zaser contourgraph (51) is fixedly arranged on the cladding equipment (2).
10. manufacture system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that it further include nitrogen making machine (7), the cladding equipment (2)
When cladding operation, the nitrogen making machine (7) manufactures nitrogen, and makes cladding equipment (2) operation in a nitrogen environment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811441393.4A CN109551179B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Method for manufacturing metal part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811441393.4A CN109551179B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Method for manufacturing metal part |
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| CN109551179A true CN109551179A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
| CN109551179B CN109551179B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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ID=65867993
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| CN201811441393.4A Expired - Fee Related CN109551179B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Method for manufacturing metal part |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109551179B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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