CN109550962A - 一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，包括以下步骤：1）以粗晶碳化钨粉末、钴粉末为原料，将两者直接机械混合均匀，得到复合粉末；2）在复合粉末中加入适量石蜡，混合均匀后压制成型；3）将得到的压制成型品放入压力烧结炉中进行烧结，最终得到切削刀刀头。本发明简单且有效，所制备的刀头非常实用而且使用寿命长，可以提高盾构机工作效率，实现盾构机切削刀的长距离掘进而不换刀。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法。
背景技术
盾构法是暗挖法施工中的一种全机械化施工方法，它是将盾构机械在地中推进，通过盾构外壳和管片支承四周围岩防止发生往隧道内的坍塌，同时在开挖面前方用切削装置进行土体开挖，通过出土机械运出洞外，靠千斤顶在后部加压顶进，并拼装预制混凝土管片，形成隧道结构的一种机械化施工方法。
对于盾构机而言，掘削系统对其施工效果有着决定性影响，包括掘削刀盘及其驱动系统，掘削刀盘中的刀具则为盾构机设计中极其重要的内容，直接影响到盾构机的切削效率、出土情况和掘进速度。根据盾构刀具的切削原理，刀具一般可以分为切削刀与滚刀两种，其中，切削刀是盾构机切削开挖面土体的主要刀具，盾构机向前推进的同时，切削刀随刀盘旋转对开挖面土体产生轴向剪切力和径向切削力，在刀盘的转动下，刀刃和刀头部分插入到地层内部，不断将开挖前方的土体切削下来，刀具应特别注意其耐磨蚀性能及抗冲击能力。
虽然现有的切削刀多种多样，但是在盾构机掘进隧道的过程中，很容易产生磨蚀破损或因冲击力而崩裂，刀头不可避免地会出现磨损甚至断裂，使用寿命短，也极大地影响了盾构机的工作效率。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，包括以下步骤：1）以粗晶碳化钨粉末、钴粉末为原料，将两者直接机械混合均匀，得到复合粉末；2）在复合粉末中加入适量石蜡，混合均匀后压制成型；3）将得到的压制成型品放入压力烧结炉中进行烧结，最终得到切削刀刀头。
进一步的，本发明中，步骤1）中，碳化钨粉末粒度为5-30μm。
进一步的，本发明中，步骤3）中，烧结加热速度为90-120℃/min。
进一步的，本发明中，步骤3）中，烧结压力为50-100MPa。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点是：碳化钨的化学性质稳定，硬度较高，常用于硬质合金刀具的制备，为提高盾构机性能，可根据不同需要而采用不同粒度的碳化钨粉末，在高冲击负荷下多采用粗晶粒度碳化钨，但是其脆性较大，在纯的碳化钨粉末中掺入钴金属粉末制备刀头可以保持其硬度并降低刀头的脆性；通过在特定加热速度和烧结压力条件下的压力烧结炉中进行烧结，可以减少所制备刀头内部微裂纹，提高其抗冲击性能和抗崩性能；这种制备方法简单且有效，所制备的刀头非常实用而且使用寿命长，可以提高盾构机工作效率，实现盾构机切削刀的长距离掘进而不换刀。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为本发明方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
结合附图所示为本发明一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法的具体实施方式，其主要包括以下步骤：
步骤1）：取粒度为20μm的碳化钨粉末与钴粉末直接机械混合均匀，得到复合粉末；
步骤2）：随后在复合粉末中加入适量石蜡，混合均匀后压制成型；
步骤3）：将得到的压制成型品置于压力烧结炉中进行烧结，烧结加热速度为100℃/min，烧结压力为100MPa，最终得到切削刀刀头。
由于碳化钨的化学性质稳定，硬度较高，常用于硬质合金刀具的制备，在高冲击负荷下多采用粗晶粒度碳化钨，但是其脆性较大，在纯的碳化钨粉末中掺入钴金属粉末制备刀头可以保持其硬度并降低刀头的脆性，当然，为提高盾构机性能，也可根据不同需要而采用不同粒度的碳化钨粉末；此外，本方法通过在特定加热速度和烧结压力条件下的压力烧结炉中进行烧结，可以减少所制备刀头内部微裂纹，提高其抗冲击性能和抗崩性能；这种制备方法简单且有效，所制备的刀头非常实用而且使用寿命长，可以提高盾构机工作效率，实现盾构机切削刀的长距离掘进而不换刀。
实施例二：本实施例中，与实施例一的不同之处在于，碳化钨粉末粒度为12μm，并且烧结时的加热速度为97℃/min，烧结压力为63MPa。
实施例三：本实施例中，与实施例一的不同之处在于，碳化钨粉末粒度为5μm，并且烧结时的加热速度为90℃/min，烧结压力为50MPa。
实施例四：本实施例中，与实施例一的不同之处在于，碳化钨粉末粒度为30μm，并且烧结时的加热速度为120℃/min，烧结压力为75MPa。
实施例五：本实施例中，与实施例一的不同之处在于，碳化钨粉末粒度为24μm，并且烧结时的加热速度为113℃/min，烧结压力为88MPa。
当然上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明主要技术方案的精神实质所做的修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）以粗晶碳化钨粉末、钴粉末为原料，将两者直接机械混合均匀，得到复合粉末；
2）在复合粉末中加入适量石蜡，混合均匀后压制成型；
3）将得到的压制成型品放入压力烧结炉中进行烧结，最终得到切削刀刀头。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1）中，碳化钨粉末粒度为5-30μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3）中，烧结加热速度为90-120℃/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种盾构机切削刀刀头的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3）中，烧结压力为50-100MPa。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05320702A (ja) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 超硬合金材 |
| CN102534344A (zh) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | 一种特粗晶WC-Co硬质合金及其制备工艺 |
| CN102618768A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡金谷高新材料有限公司 | 遁构机掘进刀盘硬质合金组件 |
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- 2018-12-26 CN CN201811597954.XA patent/CN109550962A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05320702A (ja) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 超硬合金材 |
| CN102534344A (zh) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | 一种特粗晶WC-Co硬质合金及其制备工艺 |
| CN102618768A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-01 | 自贡金谷高新材料有限公司 | 遁构机掘进刀盘硬质合金组件 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 乔英杰 等: "《材料合成与制备》", 30 April 2010, 国防工业出版社 * |
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