CN109548714A - A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish - Google Patents
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548714A CN109548714A CN201811464423.3A CN201811464423A CN109548714A CN 109548714 A CN109548714 A CN 109548714A CN 201811464423 A CN201811464423 A CN 201811464423A CN 109548714 A CN109548714 A CN 109548714A
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269794 Lateolabrax Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001287943 Lateolabrax maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, main to pass through the pH value for adjusting storage pond, holding pond, configures waterless keep-alive liquid and control and temporarily supports environment to realize.Brief step are as follows: (1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C is added in storage pond, holding pond；(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.08%~0.1% is configured；D-sorbite 0.2%~0.4%, ginger liquid 0.6%~1%, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；(3) it storage pond, holding pond cooling (4) keep-alive liquid dipping: is pulled out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber (6) transport: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water.It after keep-alive process of the present invention, can effectively enhance colored perch Liver and kidney function and energetic supersession, maintain the normal ion transport of gill tissue, colored perch cellular immune function and body anti-infection ability can be enhanced to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic product transportation field more particularly to a kind of anhydrous transportation methods of fish.
Background technique
Chinese Fishery is resourceful, and aquatic species are many and diverse.The characteristics of aquatic products high protein, low fat, becomes rationally
Indispensable important component in diet structure is the important sources that people absorb animal protein, and water such as fish, shrimp, crab
Product delicious meat, unique flavor, the deep favor by the majority of consumers.At present fishery market be generally divided into " it is living, fresh, freeze, be old
(' old ' refers to pickled product) ", and with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, consumer wishes before cooking to be living body.And from capture
During the entire process of (cultivation) to service plate, transport is a vital link.Therefore how safety, quick live transport,
As vast aquatic science and technology worker research emphasis.
Flower perch (Lateolabrax maculatus) belongs to net-rope (Pisces), Perciformes (Perciforms), Sushi section
(Serranidae), normal perch subfamily (Oligorinae), flower perch category (Lateolabrax).Because its have grow it is fast, disease-resistant it is strong,
Full of nutrition, delicious flavour feature is one of main breeding seawater fish products kind in China.The side of low temperature induction suspend mode can be passed through
Formula carries out waterless keep-alive, and 4 DEG C of perch critical ice temperature of flower, fish body can return to normal condition and deposit after waterless keep-alive transport room temperature restores
A period of time living.
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid, Vc) is both that a kind of nutrient for having extensive physiological function and a kind of tool are exempted from
The immune-regulating factor of epidemic disease effect, there is an apparent anti-infectious function, but itself to lack synthesis ascorbic for many bony fishes
Enzyme, it is necessary to by being obtained in feed or food.Studies have shown that flower perch juvenile fish, Larimichthys crocea serum lysozyme level are with vitamin C
The increase of additive amount and increase.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) nature and flavor are pungent, tepor, its medicinal rhizome, have and adjust body's immunity
Effect [4].Ginger liquid is used in the live transport test of grisped grass carp by Li Xiaolu et al. research.Lysozyme (Lysozyme,
LZM) it is a kind of low molecular weight, heat labile basic protein, as one of body nonspecific immune factors, participates in that body is a variety of to exempt from
Epidemic disease reaction has the important function for keeping organism physiology balance in body normal defense function and nonspecific immunity.Study table
The application of bright lysozyme greatly extends the freshness date of marine product or aquatic products, brings many convenience to store, transporting etc..
Fish body table water-retaining property can be improved in D-sorbite (Sorbitol) molecule, and albumen enzyme denaturation degree is low under low temperature, plays cryoprotective effects
[9]。
Through consulting literatures, it is practical investigate, have no using Chinese herbal medicine in aquatic products without the application in water transport, therefore the present invention
Compensate for its application in aquatic product transportation field.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem of being solved of the invention is by protecting the keep-alive new process of liquid to improve in logistics transportation process to flower
Perch blood parameters, gill tissue (Na+/K+-ATPase, NKA), serum lysozyme activities reached, immunoglobulin M
The influence of the fish bodies non-specific immunity indexs such as (Immunoglobulin M, Ig M) level.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by following technical measures:
The present invention is characterized in that concrete operation step:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C is added in storage pond, holding pond, and concentration is 20 ~ 35mg/L, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23
DEG C, temporarily support 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration,
Experiment starts the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolution
Oxygen 4~6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.08%~0.1% is configured；D-sorbite 0.2%~0.4%, ginger liquid 0.6%~
1%, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, every kg
Raw material is added 150 mL distilled water and carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and uses 200 mesh filtered through gauze, to 120 DEG C of ginger juice progress
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by sterilizing heat treatment 1 ~ 5 minute, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.1 ~ 1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 1 ~ 5 DEG C/
h；Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
4 ~ 8d is temporarily supported before transport, tests a pH value every 3h in storage pond, holding pond.
5d is temporarily supported before transport, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond；It is tested in storage pond, holding pond every 3h
PH value.
Configure keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09%；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare.
Water temperature is down to critical ecological 4 DEG C of temperature before transport by 0.5 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C.
It is pulled out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into configured keep-alive liquid and impregnates 3s；Keep-alive liquid smears fish body
Each position, including the fish gill.
It wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 2 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
The present invention can be effectively improved in logistics transportation process to flower perch blood parameters, gill tissue (Na+/K+-
ATPase, NKA), serum lysozyme activities reached, the non-spy of fish bodies such as immunoglobulin M (Immunoglobulin M, Ig M) level
The influence of specific immunological capacity index, the tolerance of enhancing fish body during transportation, the time-to-live after extending transport, for
The On Transportaion of Live of fish is extremely important.
Specific embodiment
Operating process to realize the present invention is easy to understand with creation characteristic, With reference to embodiment,
The present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 1 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 2
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.5 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 1 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 3
[a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological 4 DEG C of temperature before transport by 1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 5 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 4
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.5 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 5 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 5
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological 4 DEG C of temperature before transport by 1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 5 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 6
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.09% is configured；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological 4 DEG C of temperature before transport by 3 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 5 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 7
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.08% is configured；D-sorbite 0.2%, ginger liquid 0.6%, salinity 16 ‰~
17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL are added in every kg raw material
Distilled water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 points
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by clock, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.5 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into configured keep-alive liquid and impregnates 3s；Keep-alive
Liquid smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 2 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
Embodiment 8
A kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23 DEG C,
Temporarily feeding 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration, tested
Start the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration.22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4~
6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.1% is configured；D-sorbite 0.4%, ginger liquid 1%, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰,
PH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, 150 mL distillation is added in every kg raw material
Water carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 minutes, will
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.5 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into configured keep-alive liquid and impregnates 3s；Keep-alive
Liquid smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 2 DEG C/h；
Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
During ecological ice-temperature waterless keep-alive, total protein, albumin content in flower perch serum can accurately reflect body
The absorption and metabolism of protein and the metabolic condition of liver function.Albumin is synthesized by liver, plays carrier in blood
Effect, with most of moisture, bilirubin, uric acid, calcium etc. in blood in conjunction with and transported, with metabolism, nutrition relationship it is close,
When being chronically at defective mode, albumin can be remarkably decreased.
Urea, creatinine, uric acid are the important indicators for reflecting renal function metabolic condition, and urea is the production of nitrogen compound metabolism
Object, and maintain the main component of colloidal osmotic pressure.Creatinine is an important indicator of kidney function, and kidney function hinders
Hinder, creatinine content can increase in blood.Uric acid can increase when renal hypofunction, can effectively reduce using keep-alive technique of the invention
Flower the perch gill, renal impairment.
Blood glucose is one of the source of energy needed for fish body physiological activity.Blood glucose content in entire Keep Alive procedure rises, and makes
It is reduced with blood glucose numerical value after keep-alive technique of the invention, helps to reduce colored perch transport stress.Lactic acid is glucose in anaerobic item
Product when glycolysis provides energy occurs under part, the lactic acid that muscle generates can largely enter blood, and lactic acid content increases meeting
The ability of hemoglobin transport oxygen in blood is had an impact, blood maximum oxygen binding capacity is caused to reduce.
The principal biological meaning of Na+/K+-ATPase is inverse concentration difference and potential difference transhipment substance, to set up
A kind of potential energy deposit.Once the ion channel on film is open, Na+, K+ can be spread along concentration difference cross-film rapidly.In transportational process,
Na+/K+-ATPase on film is maintained using keep-alive liquid, normal ion transport is completed, contains in the chloride cell of fish gill surface big
Measure Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme.Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity is most strong, can preferably safeguard intraor extracellular ion concentration
Stability makes gill cell be maintained normal physiological function.
LZM be in organism in nospecific immunity defense system with broad-spectrum antibacterial action alkaline enzyme, have antibacterial,
Anti-inflammatory, it is antiviral the effects of.Lysozyme is distributed widely in the mucus, serum and certain lymphoid tissues of fish body, is the non-spy of fish
The important component of specific immunological system.Flower perch is continuously under low temperature environment during the anhydrous fortune living of ecological ice-temperature.Temporary
LZM vigor in colored perch serum can be significantly improved by supporting addition Vc in water, but cooling processing still causes too low LZM vigor,
LZM vigor is significant lower in CK group serum, serum LZM vigor the prolonging with haulage time for the flower perch that keep-alive technique of the invention is
Long antalzyme activity no longer declines rebound significantly instead.So obviously it is because having two for effect, first is that joined bacteriolyze in keep-alive liquid
Enzyme has supplied the consumption of lysozyme caused by environmental factor to a certain extent.Second is that the ginger liquid added in keep-alive liquid, ginger can swash
The secreting function of monocyte living, discharges lysozyme largely, lysozyme content is promoted to increase.After transporting 8 h wake-up, flower perch blood
LZM vigor maintains higher level in clear, this may be since the raising of water temperature improves LZM vigor.
Immunoglobulin M (Ig M) is a kind of important immunoglobulin in bony fish body, therefore Ig M content is more
It is few, it is usually identified as being the important indicator for evaluating fish body immune response.The low-temperature anhydrous fortune process whole process living of flower perch is in
Low temperature environment may cause Ig M reduction.The concentration of IgM is reduced with the raising of Vc additive amount in temporary feeding water, and Vc can enhance
Fish body immune response tolerance.Colored perch cellular immune function and machine can be enhanced to a certain extent using keep-alive technique of the invention
Body anti-infection ability.
Experiment shows: the concentration of VC determines the PH of temporarily feeding water, and pH value is excessively high or too low all can cause fish body not
Adaptability, stress reaction are strong.Therefore adjusting the concentration of the VC in temporarily feeding water according to the range 7.5~8.5 of PH is 20 ~ 35mg/
L。
The influence of rate of temperature fall and heating rate for keep-alive is huge.Rate of temperature fall is slower, and heating rate is slower, fish body
Keep-alive effect is more preferable.But excessively slow rate of temperature fall and heating rate can make On Transportaion of Live overlong time, and enterprise is caused to produce
Making time in the process is excessive, therefore the suitable rate of temperature fall of Rational choice and heating rate are with regard to extremely important.By testing,
Select most suitable rate of temperature fall for 1 DEG C/h, heating rate is 2 DEG C/h.
Blood Physiological Indexes after flower perch is temporarily 8 hours feeding after waking up after transporting 8 hours, tissue markers and blood are non-specific
Immunocompetence index is as shown in table 1.As it can be seen from table 1 the influence of rate of temperature fall and heating rate for keep-alive is very big, concentration
Relative effect is smaller.Rate of temperature fall is bigger than the influence of heating rate.Therefore in Keep Alive procedure, effective control of rate of temperature fall
It makes just very significant.The concentration of keep-alive liquid is also influential.When the concentration of ginger liquid in keep-alive liquid is greater than 1%, fish body meeting
By biggish stimulation, stress reaction aggravation is unfavorable for keep-alive.When D-sorbite concentration be higher than 0.4% after, keep-alive liquid without
Method effectively forms a film, and also results in keep-alive liquid and does not have effective keep-alive effect.D-sorbite 0.2%~0.4% is found through overtesting,
It protects the film forming of liquid preferable, is best 0.3%, at this point, protection liquid can be very good to stick on fish body outer surface, while again
Mobility will not be generated.
It is tested using 100 colored perch using the method for embodiment 3,8 hours colored perch survival rates are temporarily supported after wake-up is
100%。
Blood Physiological Indexes after table 1 is temporarily 8 hours feeding after waking up after transporting 8 hours, tissue markers and blood are non-specific
Immunocompetence index
It after keep-alive process of the present invention, can effectively enhance colored perch Liver and kidney function and energetic supersession, maintain gill tissue normal
Ion transport can enhance colored perch cellular immune function and body anti-infection ability to a certain extent.Survival rate after present invention transport
Transportation cost can be greatly reduced in height.Therefore there is positive meaning for On Transportaion of Live.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish, it is characterised in that concrete operation step are as follows:
(1) temporarily support: the preceding 1 ~ 12d of transport is temporarily supported, and vitamin C is added in storage pond, holding pond, and concentration is 20 ~ 35mg/L, and water temperature is 22 ~ 23
DEG C, temporarily support 1 tail of density/50 L；It temporarily supports with water: being formulated by the tap water and sea salt that are aerated after gac filtration,
Experiment starts the previous day preparation, is used to test after 24 h of continuous aeration；22~23 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, dissolution
Oxygen 4~6 mg/L, pH7.5~8.5；
(2) keep-alive liquid: lysozyme mass percent 0.08%~0.1% is configured；D-sorbite 0.2%~0.4%, ginger liquid 0.6%~
1%, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger is cleaned, is drained, every kg
Raw material is added 150 mL distilled water and carries out juice extractor mixing juicing, and uses 200 mesh filtered through gauze, to 120 DEG C of ginger juice progress
Filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C by sterilizing heat treatment 1 ~ 5 minute, spare；
(3) storage pond, holding pond cools down: water temperature is down to critical ecological temperature 4 before transport by 0.1 ~ 1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C
℃；
(4) keep-alive liquid impregnates: pulling out faint fish is reacted in temporary feeding case, is put into 1~5s of dipping in configured keep-alive liquid；It protects
Liquid living smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill；
(5) pack: keep-alive liquid dipping fish is put in bubble chamber, and fish body is in orthostatism of swimming forward；Bubble chamber temperature is 4
It DEG C is transported；Bubble chamber be packed into polybag in, 1 case 1 bag, be filled with oxygen, the oxygen concentration in polybag be 80%, tighten bag
Mouthful；
(6) it transports: packaged polybag being placed on deepfreeze transport vehicle and is transported；Transportational process: B grades of road surfaces 1
H(80 km/h)-A grades of 5 h(100 km/h of road surface)-B grades of 2 h(80 km/h of road surface)；
(7) it wakes up: opening packaging, take out fish, be put into cultivation water, 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 1 ~ 5 DEG C/
h；Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of end.
2. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 4 ~ 8d is temporarily supported before transport,
A pH value is tested every 3h in storage pond, holding pond.
3. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 5d is temporarily supported before transport,
Vitamin C, concentration 30mg/L are added in storage pond, holding pond；A pH value is tested every 3h in storage pond, holding pond.
4. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: configuration keep-alive liquid: bacteriolyze
Enzyme mass percent 0.09%；D-sorbite 0.3%, ginger liquid 0.8%, salinity 16 ‰~17 ‰, pH7.5~8.5, remaining as water；
Ginger liquid preparation step are as follows: ginger to be cleaned, is drained, every kg raw material is added 150 mL distilled water and carries out juice extractor mixing juicing,
And with 200 mesh filtered through gauze, the sterilizing for carrying out 120 DEG C to ginger juice is heat-treated 3 minutes, and filtrate is cooled to 4 DEG C, spare.
5. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: press 0.5 DEG C/h before transport
Water temperature is down to critical ecological 4 DEG C of temperature by rate of temperature fall from 22~23 DEG C.
6. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: will temporarily support in case and react micro-
Weak fish is pulled out, is put into configured keep-alive liquid and impregnates 3s；Keep-alive liquid smears each position of fish body, including the fish gill.
7. a kind of anhydrous transportation method of fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wake up: opening packaging, take
Fish is put into cultivation water, and 4 DEG C of water temperature；The temperature recovery rate of cultivation water: 2 DEG C/h；Cultivation water is warming up to 22~23 DEG C of knots
Beam.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111528797A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method and system for nondestructively and dynamically monitoring stress level of aquatic product anhydrous keep-alive individual |
| CN111771789A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 唐山市活鲜农业科技有限公司 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for live shrimps |
| CN111937786A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 上海海洋大学 | Ecological ice-temperature water-free keep-alive method for lateolabrax japonicus |
| CN111994485A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Waterless live shipping packing box for marine fishes and shipping method |
| CN115067240A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-09-20 | 中国农业大学 | Fresh water fish living body micro-freezing fresh-keeping transportation method and liquid-impregnated freezing secondary refrigerant |
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| CN102349467A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-02-15 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Transport method for freshwater fish kept alive without water at ice temperature |
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| CN107950636A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of prawn live keeping agent and its method for the transport of prawn waterless keep-alive |
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| CN111528797A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method and system for nondestructively and dynamically monitoring stress level of aquatic product anhydrous keep-alive individual |
| CN111528797B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-02-23 | 中国农业大学 | Method and system for nondestructively and dynamically monitoring stress level of aquatic product anhydrous keep-alive individual |
| CN111771789A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 唐山市活鲜农业科技有限公司 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for live shrimps |
| CN111994485A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Waterless live shipping packing box for marine fishes and shipping method |
| CN111937786A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 上海海洋大学 | Ecological ice-temperature water-free keep-alive method for lateolabrax japonicus |
| CN115067240A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-09-20 | 中国农业大学 | Fresh water fish living body micro-freezing fresh-keeping transportation method and liquid-impregnated freezing secondary refrigerant |
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