CN109548442A - A kind of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system and method for potato sowing - Google Patents
A kind of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system and method for potato sowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548442A CN109548442A CN201910017807.9A CN201910017807A CN109548442A CN 109548442 A CN109548442 A CN 109548442A CN 201910017807 A CN201910017807 A CN 201910017807A CN 109548442 A CN109548442 A CN 109548442A
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- sowing
- potato
- seed potato
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- surplus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/52—Weighing apparatus combined with other objects, e.g. furniture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2609—Process control
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of self-adapting intelligent TT&C systems of potato sowing, including controller, velocity sensor, weighing sensor, grating sensor, pressure sensor, stepper motor and seed potato transmission mechanism；The input terminal of the controller is connected with the output end of velocity sensor, weighing sensor, grating sensor, pressure sensor respectively, the output end of controller is connected with the input terminal of stepper motor, and controller drives seed potato transmission mechanism to act by stepper motor；The seeder passes sequentially through the land wheel connection of chain wheel driving mechanism, shaft and Sowing machine for potatoes.The invention also discloses a kind of intelligent monitoring methods of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing.The present invention can not only stablize for kind, and have the function of the sowing of the different Sowing machine for potatoes of adaptive mechanical structure and variety classes, different shape and size of seed potatos.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture the field of test technology, the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of especially a kind of potato sowing and
Method.
Background technique
Potato is because of its higher nutritive value, stronger environmental suitability, it has also become the fourth-largest staple food grain crop in China.?
In numerous Potato Mechanization seeding methods, Pneumatic type suction kind takes kind and the seeding method charged seed because its excellent performance is general
All over using, it requires the area Xi Zhong potato seed moderate number, and potato seed quantity can excessively make seeder operation be obstructed and easy damaged potato seed, kind
The very few leakage suction phenomenon that can generate of potato quantity is so as to cause broadcast leakage, it is therefore necessary to keep the dynamic stability of the area Xi Zhong potato seed material position, i.e.,
Being consistent for kind of quantity with sowing quantity in the unit time.But it is non-homogeneous due to seed potato size, shape etc.
Property and scrambling so that mechanical transmission under kind of mode, usually cannot keep unanimously for kind of quantity and sowing quantity, especially
In high speed seeding operation, the variation of the area Xi Zhong potato seed material position is fast, poor for the stability of kind, seriously affects Pneumatic type and inhales kind and take kind
Stability.
Summary of the invention
The primary purpose of the present invention is that it is constant to provide a kind of dynamic for being able to maintain seed potato amount in seeding box, it can
Real-time monitoring, also statistics available sown area, sowing strain number and sowing are carried out to for seed potato surplus in plants case and leakage sowing rate
The self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of the potato sowing of density.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of self-adapting intelligent survey of potato sowing
Control system, revolving speed and statistics including controller, for detecting seeder should sow strain number and sown area velocity sensor,
For detecting the weighing sensor of the seed potato surplus in seeding box, for detecting leakage sowing rate and counting practical sowing strain number
Grating sensor, for detecting pressure sensor, stepper motor and potato for the seed potato surplus in plants case
Potato seed transmission mechanism；The input terminal of the controller is passed with velocity sensor, weighing sensor, grating sensor, pressure respectively
The output end of sensor is connected, and the output end of controller is connected with the input terminal of stepper motor, and controller is driven by stepper motor
The movement of seed potato transmission mechanism；The seeder passes sequentially through the ground of chain wheel driving mechanism, shaft and Sowing machine for potatoes
Wheel connection.
The velocity sensor is set to the lateral surface for inside Sowing machine for potatoes and being located at seeder edge, the weighing
Sensor is set to seeding box bottom, and the grating sensor is set to inside Sowing machine for potatoes and faces seed potato
Path is cast, the pressure sensor is set in plants case and close to bottom.
The controller includes the display screen being set on its panel, keyboard, and is set to its internal single-chip microcontroller, inspection
It surveys and is connected with control circuit, display circuit, the output end of keyboard with the input terminal of single-chip microcontroller, the output end and display electricity of single-chip microcontroller
The input terminal on road is connected, and the output end of display circuit is connected with display screen, single-chip microcontroller and Detection & Controling circuit two-way communication, institute
State keyboard for be arranged alarm margin value, seed potato margin range value and Ma Ling in seeding box for seed potato in plants case
The operation wide cut of potato seeding machinery；The display screen is for showing above-mentioned each setting value and leakage sowing rate, sown area, sowing strain
Number, thickness of sowing and for seed potato surplus in plants case.
The grating sensor is made of optical transmitting set and optical receiver, and optical transmitting set and optical receiver are arranged symmetrically.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent monitorings of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing
Method, this method include the steps that following order:
(1) Sowing machine for potatoes is connect with tractor, Sowing machine for potatoes tractor dragging under, Sowing machine for potatoes
Land wheel passively rotates, and the shaft connecting with the land wheel of Sowing machine for potatoes rotates with it, and the sprocket wheel being attached thereto is driven to be driven
Mechanism kinematic simultaneously drives the seeder rotation being connected with chain wheel driving mechanism, and the revolving speed of seeder is measured by velocity sensor,
After controller gets the revolving speed of seeder, generation and seeder based on modulated signal generation rule existing in controller
The adaptable modulated signal of revolving speed drive stepper motor, drive the operating of seed potato transmission mechanism, from for plants case to sowing
Case conveys seed potato；
(2) in weighing sensor real-time detection seeding box seed potato surplus, controller gets seed potato
Surplus and judge its whether in the margin range of setting, if in setting margin range in, be failure to actuate, otherwise,
Then according to the margin range beyond setting number it is appropriate change modulated signal to increase or reduce the revolving speed of stepper motor, until
The surplus of seed potato is in the margin range of setting in seeding box；
(3) optical signal occurs always for the optical transmitting set, when seed potato, which casts path, has seed potato to fall,
Propagation path of light is sheltered from, optical receiver detects corresponding signal, and controller is counted and counts practical sowing strain number, with this
Meanwhile signal detected by velocity sensor obtains that strain number should be sowed, should sow strain number by actually sowing strain number ratio is leaked
Broadcast rate；
(4) pressure sensor detection is obtained for the seed potato surplus in plants case, controller for the potato in plants case
Potato seed surplus is simultaneously compared with set alarm surplus, and when its surplus deficiency, controller issues alarm in time, prompts to need
Add kind.
In step (2), if the surplus of seed potato increases the revolving speed of stepper motor lower than setting margin range；
If margin range of the surplus of seed potato beyond setting, reduces the revolving speed of stepper motor, until potato in seeding box
The surplus of potato seed is in the margin range of setting, generates rule as new modulated signal in a manner of generating modulated signal at this time
Then it is stored in controller.
As shown from the above technical solution, the invention has the benefit that the present invention is solved due to seed potato size
For kind of an instability problem caused by the difference of shape；It can not only stablize for kind, and have adaptive mechanical structure different
The function of the sowing of Sowing machine for potatoes and variety classes, different shape and size of seed potatos；Also there is broadcast leakage detection
Warning function and sowing strain number, sown area, thickness of sowing statistical function are detected with for plants case seed potato kind amount；Possess
Good human-computer interaction interface, to facilitate the setting of various job parameters.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of controller of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that the present invention is connect with the land wheel of Sowing machine for potatoes；
Fig. 4 is broadcast leakage detection schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is investigating method flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the data flow and human-computer interaction flow chart of TT&C system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1,3,4, a kind of self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing, including controller 1, for detecting
The revolving speed and statistics of seeder 3 should sow the velocity sensor 2 of strain number and sown area, for detecting the Ma Ling in seeding box 5
The weighing sensor 6 of potato potato seed surplus, for detecting leakage sowing rate and counting the grating sensor 4 of practical sowing strain number, for examining
Survey the pressure sensor 10, stepper motor 8 and seed potato transmission mechanism 7 for the seed potato surplus in plants case 9；Institute
State the input terminal output with velocity sensor 2, weighing sensor 6, grating sensor 4, pressure sensor 10 respectively of controller 1
End is connected, and the output end of controller 1 is connected with the input terminal of stepper motor 8, and controller 1 drives potato by stepper motor 8
Potato seed transmission mechanism 7 acts；The seeder 3 passes sequentially through chain wheel driving mechanism 13, shaft 12 and Sowing machine for potatoes 14
Land wheel 11 connects.The velocity sensor 2 is set to 14 inside of Sowing machine for potatoes and is located at the lateral surface at 3 edge of seeder,
The weighing sensor 6 is set to 5 bottom of seeding box, and the grating sensor 4 is set to 14 inside of Sowing machine for potatoes and just
Path is cast against seed potato 15, the pressure sensor 10 is set in plants case 9 and close to bottom.
As shown in Fig. 2, the controller 1 includes display screen 101, the keyboard 102 being set on its panel, and it is set to
Its internal single-chip microcontroller 103, Detection & Controling circuit 104, display circuit 105, output end and the single-chip microcontroller 103 of keyboard 102
Input terminal be connected, the output end of single-chip microcontroller 103 is connected with the input terminal of display circuit 105, the output end of display circuit 105 with show
Display screen 101 is connected, 104 two-way communication of single-chip microcontroller 103 and Detection & Controling circuit, and the keyboard 102 is for being arranged in plants case 9
The operation of 14 tool of seed potato margin range value and Sowing machine for potatoes is wide in seed potato alarm margin value, seeding box 5
Width；The display screen 101 is for showing above-mentioned each setting value and leakage sowing rate, sown area, sowing strain number, thickness of sowing and for kind
Seed potato surplus in case 9.The grating sensor 4 is made of optical transmitting set 41 and optical receiver 42,41 He of optical transmitting set
Optical receiver 42 is arranged symmetrically.
As shown in figure 5, this method includes the steps that following order:
(1) Sowing machine for potatoes 14 is connect with tractor, and Sowing machine for potatoes 14 is under tractor dragging, potato sowing
The land wheel 11 of machine 14 passively rotates, and the shaft 12 connecting with the land wheel 11 of Sowing machine for potatoes 14 rotates with it, and drives therewith
Connected chain wheel driving mechanism 13 moves and the seeder 3 being connected with chain wheel driving mechanism 13 is driven to rotate, by the sensing that tests the speed
Device 2 measures the revolving speed of seeder 3, after controller 1 gets the revolving speed of seeder 3, is produced with modulated signal existing in controller
It is generated based on raw rule and drives stepper motor 8 with the adaptable modulated signal of the revolving speed of seeder 3, seed potato is driven to pass
Transfer mechanism 7 operates, from conveying seed potato to Seeding box for plants case 9；
(2) in 6 real-time detection seeding box 5 of weighing sensor seed potato surplus, controller 1 gets potato seed
The surplus of potato simultaneously judges that it whether in the margin range of setting, if be in the margin range of setting, is failure to actuate, no
Then, then according to the margin range beyond setting number it is appropriate change modulated signal to increase or reduce the revolving speed of stepper motor 8,
Until the surplus of seed potato in seeding box 5 is in the margin range of setting；
(3) optical signal occurs always for the optical transmitting set 41, and casting path when seed potato 15 has seed potato to fall
When lower, propagation path of light is sheltered from, optical receiver 42 detects that corresponding signal, controller 1 are counted and count practical sowing
Strain number, at the same time, signal detected by velocity sensor 2 obtain that strain number should be sowed, and should be sowed by actually sowing strain number ratio
Strain number obtains leakage sowing rate；
(4) detection of pressure sensor 10 is obtained for the seed potato surplus in plants case 9, controller 1 for the horse in plants case 9
Bell potato potato seed surplus is simultaneously compared with set alarm surplus, and when its surplus deficiency, controller 1 issues alarm in time,
Prompt needs plus kind.
In step (2), if the surplus of seed potato increases the revolving speed of stepper motor 8 lower than setting margin range；
If margin range of the surplus of seed potato beyond setting, reduces the revolving speed of stepper motor 8, until Ma Ling in seeding box 5
The surplus of potato potato seed is in the margin range of setting, is generated in a manner of generating modulated signal at this time as new modulated signal
In rule deposit controller 1.
As shown in fig. 6, operating procedure of the invention is as follows:
Step 1: booting, shows pervious every job parameter setting value after system initialization after booting；
Whether step 2: being replaced according to Work machine, mainly whether operation wide cut changes, the potato seed that will be sowed
Whether potato with the seed potato sowed in the past has larger difference, judges whether to need to modify setting value；
Step 3: if you do not need to modification setting value, by " RUN " on keyboard 102, system enters automatic measuring and controlling shape
State；If necessary to modify setting value, after pressing " EST " key on keyboard 102, system enters setting job parameter state, passes through key
The job parameter that various keys setting on disk 102 needs to be arranged presses on keyboard 102 " Enter " key and completes to make after confirmation is errorless
Industry parameter setting, then " RUN " on keyboard 102, system enter automatic measuring and controlling state.
In conclusion the present invention is solved due to caused by the difference of seed potato size shape for planting unstable ask
Topic；It can not only stablize for kind, and the Sowing machine for potatoes 14 and variety classes, difference different with adaptive mechanical structure
The function of the sowing of the seed potato of shape size；Also there is broadcast leakage detection and detected for 9 seed potato kind amount of plants case and report
Alert function and sowing strain number, sown area, thickness of sowing statistical function；Possess good human-computer interaction interface, it is each to facilitate
The setting of kind job parameter.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing, it is characterised in that: including controller, for detecting seeder
Revolving speed and statistics should sow the velocity sensor of strain number and sown area, for detecting the seed potato surplus in seeding box
Weighing sensor, for detect leakage sowing rate and count practical sowing strain number grating sensor, for detect in plants case
Pressure sensor, stepper motor and the seed potato transmission mechanism of seed potato surplus；The input terminal of the controller
It is connected respectively with the output end of velocity sensor, weighing sensor, grating sensor, pressure sensor, the output end of controller
It is connected with the input terminal of stepper motor, controller drives seed potato transmission mechanism to act by stepper motor；The sowing
Device passes sequentially through the land wheel connection of chain wheel driving mechanism, shaft and Sowing machine for potatoes.
2. the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the biography that tests the speed
Sensor is set to the lateral surface for inside Sowing machine for potatoes and being located at seeder edge, and the weighing sensor is set to seeding box
Bottom, the grating sensor, which is set to inside Sowing machine for potatoes and faces seed potato, casts path, the pressure
Sensor is set in plants case and close to bottom.
3. the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the controller
Including display screen, the keyboard being set on its panel, and it is set to its internal single-chip microcontroller, Detection & Controling circuit, display
Circuit, the output end of keyboard are connected with the input terminal of single-chip microcontroller, and the output end of single-chip microcontroller is connected with the input terminal of display circuit, show
Show that the output end of circuit is connected with display screen, single-chip microcontroller and Detection & Controling circuit two-way communication, the keyboard are supplied for being arranged
Seed potato alarm margin value in plants case, in seeding box seed potato margin range value and potato sowing machinery operation
Wide cut；The display screen is for showing above-mentioned each setting value and leakage sowing rate, sown area, sowing strain number, thickness of sowing and for kind
Seed potato surplus in case.
4. the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the grating passes
Sensor is made of optical transmitting set and optical receiver, and optical transmitting set and optical receiver are arranged symmetrically.
5. the intelligent monitoring of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system of potato sowing according to any one of claim 1 to 4
Method, it is characterised in that: this method includes the steps that following order:
(1) Sowing machine for potatoes is connect with tractor, and Sowing machine for potatoes is under tractor dragging, the land wheel of Sowing machine for potatoes
It passively rotates, the shaft connecting with the land wheel of Sowing machine for potatoes rotates with it, and drives the chain wheel driving mechanism being attached thereto
It moves and the seeder being connected with chain wheel driving mechanism is driven to rotate, by the revolving speed of velocity sensor measurement seeder, control
After device gets the revolving speed of seeder, turn with seeder is generated based on modulated signal generation rule existing in controller
The adaptable modulated signal of speed drives stepper motor, drives the operating of seed potato transmission mechanism, from defeated to Seeding box for plants case
Send seed potato；
(2) in weighing sensor real-time detection seeding box seed potato surplus, controller gets the remaining of seed potato
It measures and judges it whether in the margin range of setting, if be failure to actuate in the margin range in setting, otherwise, then root
According to the margin range beyond setting number appropriate change modulated signal to increase or reduce the revolving speed of stepper motor, until seeding
The surplus of seed potato is in the margin range of setting in case；
(3) optical signal occurs always for the optical transmitting set, when seed potato, which casts path, has seed potato to fall, blocks
Firmly propagation path of light, optical receiver detect that corresponding signal, controller are counted and counted practical sowing strain number, same with this
When, signal detected by velocity sensor obtains that strain number should be sowed, and should sow strain number by actually sowing strain number ratio obtains broadcast leakage
Rate；
(4) pressure sensor detection is obtained for the seed potato surplus in plants case, controller for the seed potato in plants case
Surplus is simultaneously compared with set alarm surplus, and when its surplus deficiency, controller issues alarm in time, prompts to need to add
Kind.
6. intelligent monitoring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step (2), if seed potato is remaining
Amount then increases the revolving speed of stepper motor lower than setting margin range；If margin range of the surplus of seed potato beyond setting,
The revolving speed for then reducing stepper motor, until the surplus of seed potato in seeding box is in the margin range of setting, at this time
The mode of modulated signal is generated as in new modulated signal generation rule deposit controller.
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| CN201910017807.9A CN109548442A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system and method for potato sowing |
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| CN201910017807.9A CN109548442A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of the self-adapting intelligent TT&C system and method for potato sowing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113099792A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Garlic bulbil recognition and adjustment device and adjustment method |
| CN114766152A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-07-22 | 广西民族大学 | Automatic control method and system for seed supply mechanism of transverse sugarcane planter |
| CN114902845A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-16 | 华南农业大学 | Pneumatic rice direct sowing machine suitable for multi-environment operation |
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| CN114902845A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-16 | 华南农业大学 | Pneumatic rice direct sowing machine suitable for multi-environment operation |
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