CN109547041A - Circuit and the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output occur for microwave power - Google Patents
Circuit and the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output occur for microwave power Download PDFInfo
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- CN109547041A CN109547041A CN201811383133.6A CN201811383133A CN109547041A CN 109547041 A CN109547041 A CN 109547041A CN 201811383133 A CN201811383133 A CN 201811383133A CN 109547041 A CN109547041 A CN 109547041A
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Abstract
The invention discloses microwave powers, and circuit and the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output occurs, and is related to multi-channel microwave power modulation technique, belongs to the technical field of essential electronic element.Present invention firstly provides a kind of microwave powers realized based on orthogonal modulation/demodulation techniques, and circuit occurs, the circuit includes: the first directional coupler, quadrature demodulator, digitial controller, quadrature modulator, the second directional coupler, the conventional radio frequencies device such as phase discriminator, power detector, phase shifter, variable gain amplifier is eliminated, has many advantages, such as to control precision height, designs simplicity, is of simple structure and low cost.The invention also provides a kind of multi-channel microwave power generating devices that can be separately adjustable, the device includes: radio frequency reference signal generation module, signal distributor module, multi-channel microwave power generation circuit, master controller, have the characteristics that modularization, Yi Shixian, the requirement that the microwave power generating device realized accordingly can meet well microwave wireless energy transfer system to transmitting terminal.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses microwave powers, and circuit and the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output occurs, and is related to multichannel
Microwave power modulation technique belongs to the technical field of essential electronic element.
Background technique
Receive significant attention in recent years microwave wireless electric energy transmission (Microwave Power Transmission,
MPT) technology is suitable for medium and long distance wireless power transmission, remotely energizes to offers such as unmanned plane, robot and orbiters,
Have the advantages that penetration capacity is high and transmission is not influenced by atmospheric environment, cloud layer, rain and dew etc., the integrated, beam-forming using wave beam
Etc. technologies high concentration, the energy transmission of high orientation may be implemented, using communication modulation-demodulation technique can transmission electric energy
While transmit information, these advantages make MPT technology medium and long distance wireless power transmission field have significant advantage.
Fig. 1 is the universal architecture of MPT system, and system is by transmitting link, space propagation link and receives these three rings of link
Section composition.Conversion of the transmitting terminal for realizing direct current or AC energy to radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) power is used
It is fed in transmitting antenna array, is the important link of whole system.To realize the functions such as the integrated, beam-forming of wave beam, transmitting
Phased-array antenna array generally can be used in end antenna, at this moment just needs transmitting terminal that can provide phase for each independent antenna element
Adjustable radio-frequency power；And transmitting terminal antenna carries out wave beam minor lobe and inhibits with the demand of MPT system capability management then to hair
It penetrates end and proposes the adjustable demand of power magnitude.Therefore, making a kind of can generate the adjustable microwave function of multichannel amplitude phase
Rate generating device has very important significance to the entire MPT system of realization.
For a long time, realize that the microwave power generating device (such as phased-array radar emitting mould train) of similar functions depends on greatly
Variable gain amplifier (Variable Gain Amplifier, VGA) and microwave phase shifter (Phase Shifter, PS) are realized
The adjusted open loop of amplitude and phase, although control is simple, due to the general consistency of microwave components is poor, by temperature etc. it is extraneous because
Element is affected, and this kind of generating device general precisions are relatively poor, generally requires to rely on other technological means (such as phased array school
Quasi- technology) the more accurate amplitude of Lai Shixian and phase controlling.Also there is part document that power detector, mirror is additionally added both at home and abroad
Phase device realizes the closed-loop control of amplitude and phase, but its system link is more, cost of implementation is high, reliability is lower.Therefore, it needs to send out
Bright simple, effective, the low-cost microwave power generating device of one kind realizes the generation and its amplitude and phase of multi-channel microwave power
The control of position.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned background technique, provides microwave power and circuit and multichannel occurs
Export adjustable microwave power generating device, realize the generation of multi-channel microwave power and to per microwave power amplitude all the way and
The independent control of phase, other amplitude phase control technologies need to be relied on because precision is poor by solving open loop multichannel microwave modulation technique
Auxiliary and closed loop multichannel microwave modulation technique is at high cost and reliability is low technical problem.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object
The invention proposes a kind of microwave power amplitude phases realized based on orthogonal modulation/demodulation techniques to control design,
For the microwave signal v of inputin, change its amplitude and phase using quadrature modulator, feed using power amplifier amplification
Antenna；Meanwhile by directional coupler from radio frequency reference signal RFrefCoupling is distinguished in the power signal of power amplifier output
It closes out small signal to control for feedback closed loop, orthogonal modulation reference signal vrefWith feedback signal vfbIt send to quadrature demodulator, number
The digital orthogonal baseband signal DC level component v that word controller exports quadrature demodulatorQdAnd vIdIt resolves and obtains amplitude and phase letter
It ceases and closed-loop control is carried out according to amplitude setting value Amp_ref and phase angle setting value Phs_ref and generate orthogonal demodulation signal VQmWith
VIm, quadrature modulator reception orthogonal demodulation signal VQmAnd VImAfterwards to microwave signal vinIt is modulated to complete the width of microwave signal
Value control and phase controlling.
The invention proposes a kind of microwave powers for realizing foregoing invention design, and circuit occurs, which occurs circuit
It include: quadrature modulator, quadrature demodulator, digitial controller, directional coupler, directional coupler is used for from radio frequency reference signal
In be coupled out orthogonal modulation reference signal and microwave signal or be coupled out feedback signal from power amplifier output signal, it is orthogonal
The local oscillator input termination orthogonal modulation reference signal of demodulator, the reversed feedback signal of the rf inputs of quadrature demodulator, number control
Device processed input termination quadrature demodulator output baseband signal DC level component and according to PC control instruct in mesh
Mark amplitude and/or the target phase angle information output target amplitude and/or corresponding modulated signal of target phase angle, quadrature modulator it is defeated
Enter and terminate microwave signal, the output end of the control termination digitial controller of quadrature modulator, the input termination of power amplifier is just
The modulated radiofrequency signal of quadrature modulator output, power amplifier export the radiofrequency signal of target amplitude or penetrating for target phase angle
Frequency signal or the radiofrequency signal for reaching target amplitude and target phase angle simultaneously.Compared with traditional closed-loop microwave modulation scheme, remove from
The conventional radio frequencies devices such as phase discriminator, power detector, phase shifter, variable gain amplifier, with quadrature modulator and demodulator
Replace, has many advantages, such as to control precision height, design simplicity, is of simple structure and low cost.
The application gives a kind of multi-channel microwave power generating device that can be separately adjustable, which includes one and penetrate
Frequency reference signal generation module, a signal distributor module, a main controller module and the above-mentioned microwave power of multichannel occur
Circuit, the radio frequency reference signal of the input termination radio frequency reference signal generation module output of signal distributor module, signal distribution
Device module output multi-channel amplitude is consistent and the input terminal of circuit occurs for the consistent radio frequency reference signal of phase, each microwave power
Connect the radio frequency reference signal all the way of signal distributor module output, main controller module is by data port to arbitrarily microwave all the way
Digitial controller in power generation circuit sends control instruction, and control instruction only includes amplitude set point information or only includes phase
Angle set point information or simultaneously include amplitude setting value and phase angle set point information.The framework has modularization, Yi Shixian
Feature, the requirement that the microwave power generating device realized accordingly can meet well microwave wireless energy transfer system to transmitting terminal.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, has the advantages that
(1) cost advantage: phase-adjusted conventional phase modulation scheme is carried out relative to use microwave phase shifter and is needed
The amplitude modulation scheme for wanting controllable gain amplifier and complete closed loop to adjust, the application use quadrature modulator and quadrature demodulator
And digitial controller realizes that closed loop is adjusted, and eliminates conventional radio frequency device especially expensive device, greatly reduces cost and open
Pin.
(2) performance advantage: relative to the traditional scheme using numeric type microwave phase shifter, general numeric type phase shifter only has
4 to 5 phase shifting accuracies, and the phase tune that infinite precision may be implemented in Circuit theory occurs for the microwave power that the application proposes
Section can also easily realize the adjusting essence of remote super expensive digital phase shifter even if using 16 cheap digit mode converters
Degree；Relative to the traditional scheme using analogue type microwave phase shifter, although unlimited essence theoretically also may be implemented in analog phase shifter
The adjusting of degree, but its gain characteristic is poor, it is huge with phase shift variations, cause system gain characteristic unstable, and analog phase shifter
Signal is controlled to be easy to be caused phase shifting accuracy to be deteriorated by noise jamming, and the microwave power that the application proposes circuit occurs can be with
Evade these problems；Under same cost, traditional scheme is that the controllable gain amplifier realizing gain control and using adjusts model
Relative narrower is enclosed, and the application can provide broader gain adjustment range.
(3) modularization, easy of integration: the scheme that the present invention provides is conducive to modular implementation, hardware circuit, the core of specific implementation
Piece etc. is more mature in communications field development, and subsequent chip design is easily achieved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the generic structure diagram of microwave wireless energy transfer system.
Fig. 2 is that module occurs for the single channel microwave power realized based on orthogonal modulation/demodulation techniques that the application proposes.
Fig. 3 (a) is the schematic diagram of orthogonal modulation principle, and Fig. 3 (b) is the schematic diagram that orthogonal modulation vector indicates.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of quadrature demodulation principle.
Fig. 5 is the control framework of the multi-channel microwave power generating device that can be separately adjustable proposed.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Module occurs for the microwave power realized based on orthogonal modulation/demodulation techniques that Fig. 2 illustrates proposition.In order to illustrate it
Principle is implemented, the application of orthogonal modulation/demodulation techniques in the present invention is first simply introduced.
Fig. 3 (a) is the schematic diagram of orthogonal modulation, microwave signal vinFor input signal, which send 90 ° of electric bridge couplers,
Being decomposed into amplitude, equal (power is vin1/2, amplitude vin0.707 times), phase difference be 90 ° of one group of orthogonal signalling vQ
And vI, this process can be expressed from the next:
Wherein, ω is angular frequency, VinFor input signal vinVirtual value.This two groups of signals are straight with given a pair respectively
The flat V of galvanic electricityQmAnd VIm(rear to be known as " control signal ") carries out multiplying, acquisition amplitude is different, phase difference is still 90 ° one
Group signal vQmAnd vIm, the addition of the two signals be can be obtained into output signal vo, mathematically have:
Wherein, angleSize and the quadrant that is in by VQmAnd VImIt determines, meets:
As it can be seen that keeping control signal VQmAnd VImPositive negativity and ratio it is constant, only change control signal absolute value it is big
It is small, it theoretically can be to input signal vinRealize independent amplitude control；Similarly, control signal V is keptQmAnd VImQuadratic sum
It is constant, only change its proportionate relationship, it theoretically can be to input signal vinRealize independent phase controlling (0~360 ° of full model
It encloses).Obviously, by applying the V being computed correctlyQmAnd VIm, that is, the amplitude and phase controlling of microwave signal can be achieved at the same time, that is,
In the present invention, the variable gain amplifier VGA occurred in conventional scheme and phase shift may replace using monolithic quadrature modulator
Device PS link.This process can also be indicated intuitively with SYSTEM OF LINEAR VECTOR operation, as shown in Fig. 3 (b).
By above-mentioned analysis it is found that the control of amplitude and phase theoretically just may be implemented only with orthogonal modulation
Obtained signal is carried out power amplification by power amplifier by (opened loop control), and then output is theoretically completed to antenna
The controllable single channel microwave generating apparatus of amplitude, phase (single channel module).However, the device is adopted due in practical application
High-power power amplifier consistency is poor, is difficult to ensure that each single channel modular character is consistent in actual production process, together
When, the parameters such as the output phase of power amplifier postpones, is lost change also with operating condition (such as output power) and change, these factors
So that opened loop control is difficult to ensure that the amplitude of real output signal, phase are consistent with theory, it is therefore desirable to introduce closed-loop control
Solve the problems, such as this.
The present invention assists realizing amplitude, phase closed-loop control using quadrature demodulation technology.Fig. 4 is quadrature demodulation principle,
Reference signal vrefThe local oscillator (Local Oscillator, LO) of quadrature demodulator is sent to input, and feedback signal vfbSend quadrature demodulation
Device rf inputs, orthogonal modulation reference signal are decomposed into a pair of orthogonal signal v by 90 ° of electric bridge couplersQ' and vI', and it is anti-
Feedback signal is multiplied respectively, obtains baseband signal vQdAnd vId, mathematical notation are as follows:
This pair of of baseband signal can filter out high fdrequency component by low-pass filtering, obtain its DC level component VQdAnd VId:
It is not difficult to find that demodulating after obtained baseband signal filters out high fdrequency component is DC component, can be used to measure feedback letter
Amplitude Ration and phase difference number between reference signal, it may be assumed that
As the virtual value V of the orthogonal modulation reference signal of inputrefIt is known that according to VQdAnd VIdSize can acquire feedback letter
Number VfbVirtual value Vfb, and according to VQdAnd VIdThe ratio between and its positive negativity can acquire VfbWith VrefBetween phase difference.As it can be seen that
Quadrature demodulation technology can be used to implement Amplitude Ration and phase difference detection between two signals.
So far, microwave power amplitude phase control method proposed by the present invention can be further illustrated.As shown in Fig. 2, mould
The radio frequency reference signal of block input is RFref, v is obtained by directional couplerinAnd vrefTwo paths of signals, wherein vinSend positive intermodulation
Device processed carries out amplitude and phase adjusted, and then power amplifier is sent to amplify, and finally amplifies obtained signal by another orientation coupling
Clutch, major power signal voAntennas couples obtained small signal v to be emittedfbIt is then used as feedback signal, and before
From RFrefCouple obtained reference signal vrefQuadrature demodulator is sent to demodulate together, the baseband signal of quadrature demodulator output is through low
Baseband signal DC component V is obtained after pass filterQdAnd VId, real output signal and input signal can be obtained by solver
Between amplitude and phase difference, respectively with Setting signal make difference and be adjusted with proportional-integral controller (pi regulator), solution
It calculates program to obtain directly in requisition for the gain and phase-shift information provided by quadrature modulator, these information are by another resolving
Program resolves, and is converted to the direct current baseband signal V of quadrature modulator needsQmAnd VImControl quadrature modulator is reacted afterwards, is adjusted
Section output finally makes the Amplitude Ration of feedback signal and input signal, phase difference and given consistent: when feedback signal and with reference to believing
Number (that is, the radiofrequency signal of the radiofrequency signal of target amplitude or target phase angle or reaching penetrating for target amplitude and target phase angle simultaneously
Frequency signal) Amplitude Ration it is less than normal when (feedback signal is small, i.e., output power is less than normal), pass through calculate increase VQmAnd VImAbsolute value,
It can make quadrature modulator that there is bigger gain, so that output power increases, is finally reached given setting value, equally, if
Phase difference between feedback signal and Setting signal differs certain angle (such as lag certain angle) with given phase difference, then can be with
By changing VQMAnd VIMRatio adjust output signal slightly in advance so that quadrature modulator provides certain leading phase
It is whole and then reach given setting value.It exports situation less than normal or advanced output phase ditto to analyze, the control proposed
Method can be achieved effectively to adjust.
Therefore, corresponding hardware circuit can be produced using microwave power amplitude phase control program proposed by the present invention
Material object realizes the adjustable single channel microwave generating apparatus (single channel module) of output amplitude phase.When needing multichannel amplitude phase
Adjustable microwave power generating device when, it is only necessary to make multiple same single channel modules, guarantee each single channel module
Input reference signal RFrefUnanimously, different given each module amplitude and phase can be completed by providing to each single channel module
Independent control.
What the present invention proposed accordingly can be separately adjustable multi-channel microwave power generating device it is as shown in Figure 5.The framework packet
Containing a RF reference signal generation module, a signal distributor module, a main controller module and multiple single-channel RF function
Rate generation module.Each single channel module in the system is based on the control method proposed above and realizes.One high-precision RF
Reference signal generation means are for generating single channel reference signal, and to guarantee precision, the side such as narrowband VCO, integral frequency divisioil PLL can be used
Formula is realized.The radio frequency reference signal of generation is converted to that the road N amplitude is equal, the consistent signal of phase is used by 1-N signal distributor
Make the radio frequency reference signal RF of each single channel moduleref, the simplest implementation method of signal distributor is to use RF Power Splitter, this
When, small phase difference and amplitude imbalance can be finely adjusted and be calibrated to each module to mend by software between each road
It repays.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (7)
1. circuit occurs for microwave power characterized by comprising
First directional coupler, input termination radio frequency reference signal, exports microwave signal and orthogonal modulation reference signal,
Quadrature demodulator, local oscillator input termination orthogonal modulation reference signal, it is defeated that rf inputs connect the second directional coupler
Feedback signal out exports one group of orthogonal baseband signal DC level component,
Digitial controller, input terminate orthogonal baseband signal DC level component, include mesh receive host computer transmission
After marking amplitude and/or the control instruction of target phase angle information, the width parsed from baseband signal DC level component is believed
Breath is counter after being modified and adjusting to solve orthogonal demodulation signal,
Quadrature modulator, input termination microwave signal, control termination orthogonal demodulation signal export modulated radio frequency letter
Number, and,
Power amplifier, the output end of input termination quadrature modulator, to the modulated radiofrequency signal enhanced processing of input
The radiofrequency signal of target amplitude or the radiofrequency signal of target phase angle are exported afterwards or reach penetrating for target amplitude and target phase angle simultaneously
Frequency signal,
Second directional coupler, input termination power amplifier output end, transmission power amplifier output signal and from
In be coupled out feedback signal.
2. circuit occurs for microwave power according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quadrature demodulator joins orthogonal modulation
It examines signal and carries out Orthogonal Decomposition, low-pass filtering treatment is carried out to the product of orthogonal modulation reference signal quadrature component and feedback signal
Obtain one group of orthogonal baseband signal DC level component.
3. according to claim 1 microwave power occur circuit, which is characterized in that the quadrature modulator to microwave signal into
Row Orthogonal Decomposition obtains two equal quadrature components of amplitude, and the quadrature component of microwave signal is corresponding with modulated signal respectively
Quadrature component adds up again after being multiplied and obtains modulated radiofrequency signal.
4. adjusting the method that current magnitude and phase angle occur for microwave power described in any one of claims 1 to 3, feature exists
In,
When the ratio of feedback signal amplitude and target amplitude is smaller, increase the absolute value of two quadrature component of modulated signal to increase
The radiofrequency signal of power amplifier output,
When the ratio of feedback signal amplitude and target amplitude is larger, reduce the absolute value of two quadrature component of modulated signal to reduce
The radiofrequency signal of power amplifier output,
In feedback signal phase delay target phase angle, increase phase of the ratio up to feedback signal of two quadrature component of modulated signal
Angle is consistent with target phase angle,
In feedback signal phase angular advance target phase angle, reduce phase of the ratio up to feedback signal of two quadrature component of modulated signal
Angle is consistent with target phase angle.
5. the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output characterized by comprising
Radio frequency reference signal generation module exports radio frequency reference signal,
Signal distributor module, input termination radio frequency reference signal, output multi-channel amplitude is consistent and the consistent radio frequency base of phase
Calibration signal,
Circuit occurs for microwave power described in any one of multichannel claims 1 to 3, and circuit occurs per microwave power all the way
Circuit output target amplitude occurs for the radio frequency reference signal all the way of input termination signal distributor module output, each road microwave power
Radiofrequency signal or target phase angle radiofrequency signal or reach the radiofrequency signal of target amplitude and target phase angle simultaneously, and,
Master controller, output at least all the way microwave power occur circuit control instruction, control instruction include target amplitude and/or
Target phase angle information.
6. the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output according to claim 5, which is characterized in that use narrowband VCO
Or integral frequency divisioil PLL realizes the radio frequency reference signal generation module.
7. the adjustable microwave power generating device of multiple-channel output according to claim 5, which is characterized in that using radio frequency function point
Device realizes the signal distributor module.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110823142A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method based on gain phase discriminator coaxial cable strain sensor |
| CN110823141A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method of reflection type coaxial cable Fabry-Perot sensor |
| CN112803615A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-precision amplitude-phase-adjustable microwave power generation device |
| CN114665619A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-frequency time division multi-target microwave wireless energy transmission system |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110823142A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method based on gain phase discriminator coaxial cable strain sensor |
| CN110823141A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method of reflection type coaxial cable Fabry-Perot sensor |
| CN110823142B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-04-30 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method based on gain phase discriminator coaxial cable strain sensor |
| CN110823141B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-04-30 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Demodulator and demodulation method of reflection type coaxial cable Fabry-Perot sensor |
| CN112803615A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-precision amplitude-phase-adjustable microwave power generation device |
| CN114665619A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-frequency time division multi-target microwave wireless energy transmission system |
| CN114665619B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-06-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-frequency time-division multi-target microwave wireless energy transmission system |
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