CN109539548B - Spurting combustion chaff hot blast stove - Google Patents
Spurting combustion chaff hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN109539548B CN109539548B CN201811349591.8A CN201811349591A CN109539548B CN 109539548 B CN109539548 B CN 109539548B CN 201811349591 A CN201811349591 A CN 201811349591A CN 109539548 B CN109539548 B CN 109539548B
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- furnace chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0494—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using solid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/189—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
- F24H9/2092—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using solid fuel
Abstract
A kind of gushing out and burn the chaff hot-blast furnace, including cylindrical furnace chamber, its bottom fixes a first feed pipe of the coaxiality, the first feed pipe stretches into the furnace chamber, its one end located outside furnace chamber communicates with pneumatic conveying pipe, the said one end located in furnace chamber of first feed pipe communicates with bottom of a back taper platform-shaped gushing out slow flow tube; the top of the rotary spraying slow flow pipe is communicated with a bottom ring of an inverted frustum shape, a plurality of second feeding pipes are arranged above the bottom ring, a plurality of steam conveying pipes are arranged above the second conveying pipes, and a material retaining ring is fixed above the steam conveying pipes in the furnace chamber. The hot blast stove can improve the combustion efficiency and reduce the volume of the hot blast stove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chaff-burning hot blast stove taking chaff as fuel.
Background
When the bran coat is burnt, the method comprises the following processes: 1. dehydrating; 2; decomposing and burning the organic volatile components; 3. the coke is burned. The gas burning rate is much greater than the solid burning rate, so that the burning time of the rice hulls is mainly determined by the burning time of the coke. The rice hull has high volatile component content and is fast to separate out, enough oxygen is needed for complete combustion in a short time, and coke after the volatile analysis is wrapped in the middle to retard the reaction with the oxygen, so that the combustion of the rice hull coke is slow. There are four possibilities for the reaction of carbon and oxygen:
(1) carbon reacts completely with oxygen:
C+O2＝CO2
(2) oxygen is deficient on the carbon surface, producing CO:
C+1/2O2＝CO
(3) the combustion rate of the gas is fast and under reaction 2 conditions, the CO formed reacts rapidly with oxygen in the vicinity of the carbon to form CO2:
C+1/2O2＝CO
CO+1/2O2＝CO2
(4) oxygen is blocked and cannot reach the carbon surface, and only gas-phase diffused CO2 on the carbon surface generates reduction reaction of C and CO2:
C+CO2＝2CO
CO+1/2O2＝CO2
the melting point of the rice hull ash is low, the combustion temperature in practical application is generally controlled to be 800-900 ℃, and the combustion reaction is mainly carried out according to the reaction 3. The chaff fuel used by the chaff hot blast stove is mostly conveyed pneumatically, the chaff is burnt in a suspension state in a furnace chamber, light ash enters a flue along with airflow, and heavy particles fall and are discharged in the form of ash slag.
Taking the pneumatic cyclone feeding as an example, the chaff undergoes the following processes from entering the furnace chamber to finishing combustion: the air flow rotates along the inner wall area of the furnace chamber, at the moment, the rice husk is heated rapidly, a small amount of water is evaporated, the water is evaporated and combusted along with the evaporation, at the moment, the quality of the rice husk is reduced, particles become loose, the rice husk gradually flows to the middle part of the furnace chamber along with the air flow, and the coke starts to perform two reactions such as the reaction 3. Finally, the light particles enter the flue along with the airflow, and the heavy particles fall to form ash. This process is a theoretical assumption, and in actual production, after a certain proportion of husk has volatilized, the coke can not react sufficiently, because oxygen and coke can not contact each other effectively in proper position.
Further, even if the reaction ratio of the coke is increased by supplying an excessive amount of air into the furnace chamber, the pressure in the furnace chamber is increased and the flow rate of the gas is increased, and if the space of the furnace chamber is not changed, it is likely that a large amount of the rice husk which has not completely reacted is carried into the flue. The space in the flue is narrow, the space is insufficient to provide an effective reaction space, the oxygen supply speed is lower, the heat efficiency of the whole reaction is not improved, and the load of the flue and subsequent dust collecting equipment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spouted-combustion chaff-combustion hot blast stove which improves the combustion efficiency of the chaff and reduces the volume of a furnace chamber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention comprises a cylindrical furnace chamber, wherein a first feeding pipe which is coaxial is fixed at the bottom end of the cylindrical furnace chamber, the first feeding pipe extends into the furnace chamber, one end of the first feeding pipe, which is positioned outside the furnace chamber, is communicated with a pneumatic conveying pipe, and the first feeding pipe is used for conveying chaff powder, and the grain size is not more than 0.3 mm;
one end of the first feeding pipe, which is positioned in the furnace cavity, is communicated with the bottom end of an inverted frustum-shaped spraying rotation slow flow pipe; the cyclone tube is tangentially communicated with the jet-rotation slow flow tube, the number of the cyclone tubes is not less than two, and the communication position of the cyclone tubes is positioned at the middle lower part of the jet-rotation slow flow tube;
the top end of the jet rotation slow flow pipe is communicated with an inverted frustum-shaped bottom ring, and the top end of the bottom ring is hermetically fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber;
a plurality of second feeding pipes are arranged above the bottom ring, the second feeding pipes are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, and the second feeding pipes convey chaff particles with the particle size of more than 0.3mm into the furnace chamber through air force;
a plurality of water vapor conveying pipes are arranged above the second conveying pipe, the water vapor conveying pipes are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, and the water vapor conveying pipes convey mixed air of air and water vapor into the furnace chamber;
a material blocking ring is fixed above the steam conveying pipe in the furnace chamber, the top edge of the outer circle of the material blocking ring is fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber in a sealing way, the inner circle extends downwards to form a pipeline, and the diameter of the inner circle is 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the furnace chamber;
the top end of the furnace chamber is a conical top, and the center of the conical top is communicated with the flue.
Further, a coaxial ignition tube is fixed in the first feeding tube.
Further, the rice husk dispersing component comprises a feeding cylinder, a motor, a dispersing rake and a screen; the screen divides the feeding cylinder into a bulk material part above the screen and a discharging part below the screen, the motor drives the bulk material harrow to break up the bran stack compressed into blocks, and the broken chaff can enter a discharging area through the screen;
a crushing assembly is communicated below the chaff dispersing assembly, and comprises a shell and a crushing roller;
the bottom end of a shell of the crushing assembly is communicated with a main pneumatic conveying pipe, the main pneumatic conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom end of a material distribution box, the material distribution box is communicated with a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe through two pneumatic conveying pipes, the material distribution box is in a frustum shape, and the cone angle of the material distribution box is in the range of 60-90 degrees.
Furthermore, the crushing roller comprises two roller surfaces which rotate relatively, tight crushing teeth which are mutually attached are fixed on the roller surfaces, and gap crushing teeth which are in clearance fit are also included, the gap between the gap crushing teeth is smaller than the grain diameter of the chaff, and the gap between the smooth roller surfaces of the rest part is not smaller than the grain diameter of the chaff.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the rice husk powder and the large particles are combusted successively, the combustion of the large particle volatile matters is completed by utilizing the separated heat, the coke is formed, and the water vapor or the water mist is sprayed into the coke forming area to form the water gas, so that the invention has the advantages of 1, improving the reactant amount of the coke, further improving the reaction completion ratio, namely improving the combustion amount of the coke; 2. the combustion heat value of the chaff of unit mass is improved because the chaff is more fully combusted, and the heat is increased by water gas combustion; 3. the volume of the hot blast stove is greatly reduced, the speed of the spouting combustion is higher, and each process of combustion is clear, the combustion efficiency is greatly improved, the chaff is not required to react slowly in a huge space, and therefore the volume of the hot blast stove is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combination of a vortex tube and a vortex tube.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a chaff handling feed assembly.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a roll surface structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a spouting husk burning hot blast stove comprises a cylindrical furnace chamber 10. A first feeding pipe 70 which is coaxial is fixed at the bottom end of the furnace chamber, the first feeding pipe 70 extends into the furnace chamber 10, one end of the first feeding pipe 70, which is positioned outside the furnace chamber 10, is communicated with a pneumatic conveying pipe 61, the first feeding pipe 70 is used for conveying chaff powder, and the grain diameter is not more than 0.3 mm;
one end of the first feeding pipe 70, which is positioned in the furnace chamber 10, is communicated with the bottom end of an inverted frustum-shaped spraying and swirling flow-slowing pipe 71; the cyclone tube 72 is tangentially communicated with the jet-rotation slow flow tube 71, the number of the cyclone tubes 72 is not less than two, and the communication position of the cyclone tubes is positioned at the middle lower part of the jet-rotation slow flow tube 71; the function of the swirl tube 71 is to reduce the axial displacement speed of the material in the first feed pipe, and to make the material rise and disperse.
The top end of the jet rotation slow flow pipe 71 is communicated with an inverted frustum-shaped bottom ring 11, and the top end of the bottom ring 11 is hermetically fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber 10; the material fed by the first feeding pipe is scattered and ascended to form a uniform high-temperature area above the bottom ring.
A plurality of second feeding pipes 80 are arranged above the bottom ring 11, the second feeding pipes 80 are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber 10, and the second feeding pipes 80 convey chaff particles with the particle size larger than 0.3mm into the furnace chamber through pneumatic force; a second feed tube 80 sprays the material into the high temperature zone. And the tangential flow can further ensure the uniformity of the temperature and keep the materials rotating.
A plurality of water vapor conveying pipes 90 are arranged above the second conveying pipe 80, the water vapor conveying pipes 90 are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, and the water vapor conveying pipes convey mixed air of air and water vapor into the furnace chamber; the water vapor may be boiling water vapor or water mist.
A material blocking ring 13 is fixed above the steam conveying pipe 90 in the furnace chamber 10, the top edge of the outer circle of the material blocking ring 13 is fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber in a sealing way, the inner circle extends downwards to form a pipeline, and the diameter of the inner circle is 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the furnace chamber; the function of the material blocking ring 13 is to prevent the husk which is not completely burned from entering the flue, because the particle mass of the cokes or cokes which are reacted is light, the particles which are not completely reacted can be concentrated in the middle of the furnace chamber under the rotational flow, the material blocking ring can be used to block the particles which are not completely reacted, the mass is known to be light enough, and the particles can pass through the pipeline at the center of the material blocking ring after the reaction is finished.
The top end of the furnace chamber 10 is a conical top 14, and the center of the conical top is communicated with the flue.
The first feeding pipe 70 is used for conveying the rice husk powder, the grain size is small, the combustion speed is high, the combustion is complete, the heat generated by the part of the rice husk powder is used for volatilizing and combusting volatile matters in the rice husk conveyed by the second feeding pipe 80, the volatile matters rise along with the rotation of the air flow, and the volatile matters are combusted to form coke which is contacted with the mixed gas of air and steam in the steam conveying pipe 90, so that 1, C +1/2O2 is CO, and C + H2O is CO + H2; 2. CO +1/2O2 ═ CO2, H2+1/2O2 ═ CO2+ H2O, and the two groups react. The extent of the reaction increases as the amount of carbon reactant increases, and in addition, the combustion of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases formed increases the calorific value of the combustion.
A coaxial ignition pipe 73 is fixed in the first feeding pipe 70, and the ignition pipe is ignited by using natural gas or gasoline to preheat the furnace chamber. So that ignition and continuous combustion can be conveniently carried out.
The bran is usually pressed to form a cuboid-shaped stack, and the treatment of the bran is very important for improving the production efficiency. Therefore, a chaff dispersal assembly 30 is added, which includes a feed cylinder 20, a motor, a rake 31, and a screen 32. The screen 32 divides the feeding cylinder 20 into a bulk material part above the screen 32 and a discharging part below the screen 32, the motor drives the bulk material rake 31 to break up the bran stacks compressed into blocks, and the broken chaffs can enter a discharging area through the screen.
Below the chaff dispersal assembly 30, there communicates a crushing assembly 40, the crushing assembly 40 comprising a housing and a crushing roller 41.
The bottom end of the shell of the crushing assembly 40 is communicated with a main pneumatic conveying pipe 50, the main pneumatic conveying pipe 50 is communicated with the bottom end of a material distribution box 60, the material distribution box is communicated with a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe through two pneumatic conveying pipes, the pneumatic conveying pipes 61 are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the material distribution box 60, the material distribution box 60 is in a frustum shape, and the cone angle of the material distribution box is in the range of 60-90 degrees.
By having fine, medium and relatively complete particles in the broken hulls, the particles are suspended at various heights in the bin 60 due to gravity and gas forces. The fine particles are positioned at the uppermost layer, and the part with the largest particles is positioned at the bottom layer of the material distribution box.
In order to accurately control the particle size and the proportion among large, medium, small or more particle size ranges after the chaff is crushed, the combustion process in the furnace cavity and the combustion temperature are accurately controlled. The crushing roller 41 comprises two relatively rotating roller surfaces, tight crushing teeth 411 which are mutually attached are fixed on the roller surfaces, and gap-matched gap crushing teeth 412 are further included, gaps among the gap crushing teeth are smaller than grain size of chaff, and gaps among the rest smooth roller surfaces 413 are not smaller than the grain size of the chaff. Thus, by adjusting the area of the compact crushing teeth 411, the gap crushing teeth 412 and the smooth roll surface 413 on the roll surface, the proportion of the fine particles, the medium particles and the whole particles on the chaff can be adjusted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A hot blast stove for the combustion of rice husk by spouting is composed of cylindrical furnace cavity,
a first feeding pipe which is coaxial and is fixed at the bottom end of the furnace body extends into the furnace cavity, one end of the first feeding pipe, which is positioned outside the furnace cavity, is communicated with a pneumatic conveying pipe, and the first feeding pipe is used for conveying chaff powder; the grain diameter of the chaff powder conveyed by the first feeding pipe is not more than 0.3 mm;
one end of the first feeding pipe, which is positioned in the furnace cavity, is communicated with the bottom end of an inverted frustum-shaped spraying rotation slow flow pipe; the cyclone tube is tangentially communicated with the jet-rotation slow flow tube, the number of the cyclone tubes is not less than two, and the communication position of the cyclone tubes is positioned at the middle lower part of the jet-rotation slow flow tube;
the top end of the jet rotation slow flow pipe is communicated with an inverted frustum-shaped bottom ring, and the top end of the bottom ring is hermetically fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber;
a plurality of second feeding pipes are arranged above the bottom ring, the second feeding pipes are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, and the second feeding pipes convey chaff particles with the particle size of more than 0.3mm into the furnace chamber through air force;
a plurality of water vapor conveying pipes are arranged above the second conveying pipe, the water vapor conveying pipes are tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, and the water vapor conveying pipes convey mixed air of air and water vapor into the furnace chamber;
a material blocking ring is fixed above the steam conveying pipe in the furnace chamber, the top edge of the outer circle of the material blocking ring is fixed with the inner wall of the furnace chamber in a sealing way, the inner circle extends downwards to form a pipeline, and the diameter of the inner circle is 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the furnace chamber;
the top end of the furnace chamber is a conical top, and the center of the conical top is communicated with the flue.
2. The transpiration-fired chaff hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein a coaxial ignition tube is fixed inside the first feed tube.
3. The transpiration fired chaff hot blast stove according to claim 1, further comprising a chaff dispersal assembly comprising a feed cylinder, a motor, a dispersal rake, a screen; the screen divides the feeding cylinder into a bulk material part above the screen and a discharging part below the screen, the motor drives the bulk material harrow to break up the bran stack compressed into blocks, and the broken chaff can enter a discharging area through the screen;
a crushing assembly is communicated below the chaff dispersing assembly, and comprises a shell and a crushing roller;
the bottom end of a shell of the crushing assembly is communicated with a main pneumatic conveying pipe, the main pneumatic conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom end of a material distribution box, the material distribution box is communicated with a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe through two pneumatic conveying pipes, the material distribution box is in a frustum shape, and the cone angle of the material distribution box is in the range of 60-90 degrees.
4. The transpiration combustion chaff hot blast stove of claim 3, wherein the crushing roller comprises two relatively rotating roller surfaces on which closely adjacent crushing teeth are fixed, and gap-fitted gap crushing teeth, wherein the gap between the gap crushing teeth is smaller than the grain size of the chaff, and the gap between the remaining smooth roller surfaces is not smaller than the grain size of the chaff.
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| CN201811349591.8A CN109539548B (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | Spurting combustion chaff hot blast stove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811349591.8A CN109539548B (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | Spurting combustion chaff hot blast stove |
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| CN109539548A CN109539548A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109539548B true CN109539548B (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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