CN109539548A - One kind is spurted the husk hot-blast stove that burns - Google Patents

One kind is spurted the husk hot-blast stove that burns Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109539548A
CN109539548A CN201811349591.8A CN201811349591A CN109539548A CN 109539548 A CN109539548 A CN 109539548A CN 201811349591 A CN201811349591 A CN 201811349591A CN 109539548 A CN109539548 A CN 109539548A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
furnace chamber
husk
pipe
feed pipe
flow tube
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Granted
Application number
CN201811349591.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109539548B (en
Inventor
蒋维银
夏芸
李广泽
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Jiangsu Jin Man Sun Agriculture Development Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Jin Man Sun Agriculture Development Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0494Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using solid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0052Details for air heaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1877Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/189Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/20Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2092Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using solid fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

One kind is spurted the husk hot-blast stove that burns, including cylindrical furnace chamber 10, a first coaxial feed pipe 70 is fixed in its bottom end, first feed pipe 70 protrudes into furnace chamber 10, its one end being located at outside furnace chamber 10 is connected to pneumatic carrier 61, and first feed pipe 70 is located at one end in furnace chamber 10 and is connected to inversed taper platform shape spray rotation 71 bottom end of slow flow tube;It further include cyclone pipe 72, cyclone pipe 72 is tangentially connected to spray rotation slow flow tube 71, the top of spray rotation slow flow tube 71 is connected to the base ring 11 of an inversed taper platform shape, multiple second feed pipes 80 are arranged in the top of base ring 11, multiple vapor delivery pipes 90 are arranged in the top of second delivery pipe 80, and furnace chamber 10 is interior to fix a blocking material ring 13 in the top of vapor delivery pipe 90.The hot-blast stove can be improved efficiency of combustion, reduce hot wind furnace volume.

Description

One kind is spurted the husk hot-blast stove that burns
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of using husk as the hot-blast stove of fuel.
Background technique
1, cavings is in burning comprising once process: being dehydrated;2;Organic volatile matter decomposition combustion;3, coke burns. Gas burn rate is far longer than solid combustion rate, when such combusting rice hull length of time depends mainly on the burning of coke Between.Rice husk volatile matter content is high, and fast, the enough oxygen of completely burned needs in the short time, the coke quilt after Volatile is precipitated It is wrapped in centre, blocks its reacting with oxygen, therefore the burning of rice husk coke is more slow.There are four types of can for the reaction of charcoal and oxygen Can:
(1) carbon reacts completely with oxygen:
C+O2=CO2
(2) oxygen generates CO in carbon surface deficiency:
C+1/2O2=CO
(3) quickly, under the conditions of reacting 2, the CO of generation reacts rapidly generation to the burn rate of gas near carbon with oxygen CO2:
C+1/2O2=CO
CO+1/2O2=CO2
(4) oxygen is blocked, and can not reach carbon surface, in the CO2 that carbon surface only has gas phase diffusion to come, generates C and CO2 Also primary answer:
C+CO2=2CO
CO+1/2O2=CO2
Rice husk ash fusion point is lower, and ignition temperature general control in practical applications is at 800~900 DEG C, combustion reaction Mainly carried out by reaction 3.The husk fuel that the husk hot-blast stove of actual use uses is in the majority with pneumatic conveying, and husk is in furnace chamber Interior to be burnt with suspended state, the ash content of lightweight enters flue with air-flow, and heavies are fallen and are discharged in the form of lime-ash.
By taking the charging of strength eddy flow as an example, husk is completed to undergo following process to burning from furnace chamber is entered: with air-flow along furnace chamber Inner wall area rotation, heated fast, a small amount of moisture evaporate at this time, and volatilize combustion by evaporation therewith, and husk quality reduces at this time, particle Become loose, with air-flow gradually to flowing in the middle part of furnace chamber, coke starts to carry out two reactions such as above-mentioned reaction 3.Last lightweight Particle enters flue with air-flow, and heavies fall to forming lime-ash.This process is theoretical imagination process, in actual production, A certain proportion of husk is had after completing volatile matter volatilization, coke is not sufficiently reacted, and reason is oxygen and coke not It can mutually effective contact in place.
In addition, improving the reaction ratio of coke, but consequent is furnace chamber even if supplying excess air into furnace chamber Interior air pressure increases, and air-flow velocity is accelerated, if furnace chamber space does not change, then it is likely used only to happens is that, a large amount of unreacteds Complete husk is brought into flue.Narrow space in flue, the insufficient and effective reaction compartment of offer, oxygen supply speed is more It is low, so that the thermal efficiency of W-response is not improved, the load of flue and subsequent dust collection device is increased instead.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improving husk efficiency of combustion, the paddy of burning of spurting of reduction furnace chamber volume Shell hot-blast stove.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention includes cylindrical furnace chamber 10, and a first coaxial charging is fixed in bottom end Pipe 70, the first feed pipe 70 protrude into furnace chamber 10, be located at furnace chamber 10 outside one end be connected to pneumatic carrier 61, this first into Expects pipe 70 is not more than 0.3mm for conveying husk powder, partial size;
First feed pipe 70 is located at one end in furnace chamber 10 and is connected to inversed taper platform shape spray rotation 71 bottom end of slow flow tube; It further include cyclone pipe 72, cyclone pipe 72 is tangentially connected to spray rotation slow flow tube 71, and cyclone pipe 72 is no less than two, and connectivity part is located at The middle and lower part of spray rotation slow flow tube 71;
The top of spray rotation slow flow tube 71 is connected to the base ring 11 of an inversed taper platform shape, and 11 top of base ring and 10 inner wall of furnace chamber are close Sealing is fixed;
Multiple second feed pipes 80 are arranged in the top of base ring 11, and the second feed pipe 80 is tangentially connected to 10 inner wall of furnace chamber, the Two feed pipes 80 pneumatic conveying partial size into furnace chamber is greater than the husk particle of 0.3mm;
Multiple vapor delivery pipes 90 are arranged in the top of second delivery pipe 80, and vapor delivery pipe 90 and furnace chamber inner wall are tangential Connection, vapor delivery pipe convey air and vapor mixed gas into furnace chamber;
A blocking material ring 13,13 outer circle top margin of blocking material ring and furnace chamber are fixed in the top of vapor delivery pipe 90 in furnace chamber 10 Inner wall sealing is fixed, and inner circle is downwardly extending pipeline, and interior circular diameter is the 1/3-1/2 of furnace chamber internal diameter;
10 top of furnace chamber is taper top 14, and taper top center is connected to flue.
Further, a coaxial ignitron 73 is fixed in first feed pipe 70.
It further, further include husk dispersed components thereof, which includes feeding cylinder, motor, bulk cargo rake, sieve;The sieve Feeding cylinder is separated into the bulk cargo portion above sieve and the blanking portion below sieve by net, and motor drives bulk cargo rake pressure The chaff pile for shortening block into is broken up, and the husk after breaing up can enter discharging area by sieve;
A disruption elements are connected to below husk dispersed components thereof, disruption elements include shell and breaker roll;
The housing bottom of disruption elements is connected to main pneumatic carrier, and the bottom end of main pneumatic carrier and a distribution box connects Logical, distribution box is connected to by two pneumatic carriers with the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe, and distribution box is taper type, vertebra angle Within the scope of 60-90 degree.
Further, the breaker roll includes the roll surface of two relative rotation, and fixation is bonded to each other close broken on roll surface Broken tooth further includes the gap breaking tooth of clearance fit, and the gap between gap breaking tooth is less than husk partial size, and remainder is smooth Gap is not less than husk partial size between roll surface.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are using the heat of sub-material by being completed rice husk powder and the after-combustion of bulky grain elder generation The burning of bulky grain volatile matter, and coke is formed, and spray into vapor or water mist in coke formation region, water-gas is formed, Benefit 1, improve coke reactant amount, and then improve its reaction complete ratio, that is, improve coke quantity combusted;2, it mentions The high combustion heat value of the husk of unit mass, reason is first is that husk burning is more abundant, second is that water-gas burning increases heat; 3, the volume of hot-blast stove is substantially reduced, the speed for burning of spurting faster, and is clearly talked about each process of burning, be greatly improved Efficiency of combustion is not needing huge space to allow the reaction of husk slowly, to substantially reduce the volume of hot-blast stove.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that spray rotation slow flow tube and cyclone pipe cooperate schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is husk processing feeding assembly schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is surface structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, one kind is spurted the husk hot-blast stove that burns, including cylindrical furnace chamber 10.Its bottom end fixes one together First feed pipe 70 of axis, the first feed pipe 70 protrude into furnace chamber 10, are located at one end outside furnace chamber 10 and pneumatic carrier 61 Connection, first feed pipe 70 are not more than 0.3mm for conveying husk powder, partial size;
First feed pipe 70 is located at one end in furnace chamber 10 and is connected to inversed taper platform shape spray rotation 71 bottom end of slow flow tube; It further include cyclone pipe 72, cyclone pipe 72 is tangentially connected to spray rotation slow flow tube 71, and cyclone pipe 72 is no less than two, and connectivity part is located at The middle and lower part of spray rotation slow flow tube 71;On the one hand the effect of spray rotation circulating pipe 71 is the axial movement for reducing material in the first feed pipe On the other hand speed is that material rotation is allowed to rise, spreads out.
The top of spray rotation slow flow tube 71 is connected to the base ring 11 of an inversed taper platform shape, and 11 top of base ring and 10 inner wall of furnace chamber are close Sealing is fixed;The sub-material of first feed pipe burning disperses to rise, and uniform high-temperature region is generated above base ring.
Multiple second feed pipes 80 are arranged in the top of base ring 11, and the second feed pipe 80 is tangentially connected to 10 inner wall of furnace chamber, the Two feed pipes 80 pneumatic conveying partial size into furnace chamber is greater than the husk particle of 0.3mm;Material is sprayed into high temperature by the second feed pipe 80 In area.And be tangential flow, it can be further ensured that the uniform of temperature, and material is allowed to keep rotation.
Multiple vapor delivery pipes 90 are arranged in the top of second delivery pipe 80, and vapor delivery pipe 90 and furnace chamber inner wall are tangential Connection, vapor delivery pipe convey air and vapor mixed gas into furnace chamber;Vapor can be boiling water vapour, can also To be water mist.
A blocking material ring 13,13 outer circle top margin of blocking material ring and furnace chamber are fixed in the top of vapor delivery pipe 90 in furnace chamber 10 Inner wall sealing is fixed, and inner circle is downwardly extending pipeline, and interior circular diameter is the 1/3-1/2 of furnace chamber internal diameter;The effect of blocking material ring 13 It is to prevent imperfect combustion husk from entering flue, since the granular mass after coking or coke are reacted is lighter, in eddy flow The lower middle part that can focus on furnace chamber can be kept off using blocking material ring incomplete particle is reacted, it is known that and its quality is light enough, It could pass through from the pipeline at blocking material ring center after namely having reacted.
10 top of furnace chamber is taper top 14, and taper top center is connected to flue.
First feed pipe 70 conveys rice husk powder, and since partial size is small, burning velocity is fast, and burning is complete, with this part rice husk powder The heat of generation completes the volatilization and burning of fugitive constituent to the husk that the second feed pipe 80 conveys, as the rotation of air-flow rises, Coke is formed after fugitive constituent burning at vapor delivery pipe 90 with, air and the contact of vapor mixed gas, completes 1, C+1/ 2O2=CO, C+H2O=CO+H2;2, CO+1/2O2=CO2, H2+1/2O2=CO2+H2O, this two groups of reactions.It is anti-due to carbon The amount of object is answered to increase, the extent of reaction increases accordingly, in addition, the burning of the hydrogen and CO gas that are formed, improves combustion The calorific value of burning.
A coaxial ignitron 73 is fixed in first feed pipe 70, ignitron is lighted a fire using natural gas or gasoline, Furnace chamber is preheated.Convenient for the progress with sustained combustion of igniting.
Cavings is usually the shape paddy pile that cuboid is formed after being overpressurized, Yao Tigao production efficiency, just to the processing of cavings It is extremely important.Therefore, increase husk dispersed components thereof 30, which includes feeding cylinder 20, motor, bulk cargo rake 31, sieve 32.It is described Feeding cylinder 20 is separated into the bulk cargo portion above sieve 32 and the blanking portion below sieve 32 by sieve 32, and motor drives Bulk cargo rake 31 is broken up blocking chaff pile is compressed, and the husk after breaing up can enter discharging area by sieve.
A disruption elements 40 are connected to below husk dispersed components thereof 30, disruption elements 40 include shell and breaker roll 41.
The housing bottom of disruption elements 40 is connected to main pneumatic carrier 50, main pneumatic carrier 50 and a distribution box 60 Bottom end connection, distribution box is connected to by two pneumatic carriers with the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe, the pneumatic conveying Pipe 61 is uniformly distributed on the longitudinal direction of distribution box 60, and distribution box 60 is taper type, and vertebra angle is within the scope of 60-90 degree.
By containing tiny particle, medium particle and more complete particle in broken husk, particle is in sub-material It can suspend at various height since the gentle power effect of gravity is lower in case 60.Tiny particle is located at top layer, and particle is maximum Part is located at the bottom of distribution box.
For the ratio being accurately controlled between the broken rear granular size of husk and large, medium and small or more particle size ranges Example accurately controls furnace chamber combustion process and ignition temperature.Breaker roll 41 includes the roll surface of two relative rotation, roll surface The close crushing teeth 411 that upper fixation is bonded to each other, further includes the gap breaking tooth 412 of clearance fit, between gap breaking tooth Gap is less than husk partial size, and gap is not less than husk partial size between the smooth roll surface 413 of remainder.In this way by adjusting close broken Broken tooth 411, gap breaking tooth 412 and smooth roll surface 413 account for the size of roll surface, can adjust fine grained, medium grain And whole grain accounts for the ratio of husk.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modifications in spirit of that invention and principle, made are equal Replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

  1. The husk hot-blast stove that burns 1. one kind is spurted, including cylindrical furnace chamber 10, which is characterized in that its bottom end fix one it is coaxial First feed pipe 70, the first feed pipe 70 protrude into furnace chamber 10, and the one end being located at outside furnace chamber 10 is connected to pneumatic carrier 61, First feed pipe 70 is not more than 0.3mm for conveying husk powder, partial size;
    First feed pipe 70 is located at one end in furnace chamber 10 and is connected to inversed taper platform shape spray rotation 71 bottom end of slow flow tube;Also wrap Cyclone pipe 72 is included, cyclone pipe 72 is tangentially connected to spray rotation slow flow tube 71, and cyclone pipe 72 is no less than two, and connectivity part is located at spray rotation The middle and lower part of slow flow tube 71;
    The top of spray rotation slow flow tube 71 is connected to the base ring 11 of an inversed taper platform shape, and 11 top of base ring and the sealing of 10 inner wall of furnace chamber are solid It is fixed;
    Multiple second feed pipes 80 are arranged in the top of base ring 11, and the second feed pipe 80 is tangentially connected to 10 inner wall of furnace chamber, second into The pneumatic conveying partial size into furnace chamber of expects pipe 80 is greater than the husk particle of 0.3mm;
    Multiple vapor delivery pipes 90 are arranged in the top of second delivery pipe 80, and vapor delivery pipe 90 tangentially connects with furnace chamber inner wall Logical, vapor delivery pipe conveys air and vapor mixed gas into furnace chamber;
    A blocking material ring 13,13 outer circle top margin of blocking material ring and furnace chamber inner wall are fixed in the top of vapor delivery pipe 90 in furnace chamber 10 Sealing is fixed, and inner circle is downwardly extending pipeline, and interior circular diameter is the 1/3-1/2 of furnace chamber internal diameter;
    10 top of furnace chamber is taper top 14, and taper top center is connected to flue.
  2. 2. the husk hot-blast stove that burns according to claim 1 that spurts, which is characterized in that fixed in first feed pipe 70 One coaxial ignitron 73.
  3. 3. the husk hot-blast stove that burns according to claim 1 that spurts, which is characterized in that it further include husk dispersed components thereof, it should Component includes feeding cylinder, motor, bulk cargo rake, sieve;The sieve by feeding cylinder be separated into bulk cargo portion above sieve and Blanking portion below sieve, motor drive bulk cargo rake to break up blocking chaff pile is compressed, and the husk after breaing up can pass through Sieve enters discharging area;
    A disruption elements are connected to below husk dispersed components thereof, disruption elements include shell and breaker roll;
    The housing bottom of disruption elements is connected to main pneumatic carrier, and main pneumatic carrier is connected to the bottom end of a distribution box, Distribution box is connected to by two pneumatic carriers with the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe, and distribution box is taper type, and vertebra angle exists Within the scope of 60-90 degree.
  4. 4. the husk hot-blast stove that burns according to claim 2 that spurts, which is characterized in that the breaker roll includes two opposite The roll surface of rotation, the fixed close crushing teeth being bonded to each other, further includes the gap breaking tooth of clearance fit, gap breaking on roll surface Gap between tooth is less than husk partial size, and gap is not less than husk partial size between the smooth roll surface of remainder.
CN201811349591.8A 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Spurting combustion chaff hot blast stove Active CN109539548B (en)

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