CN109539216B - Combined power generation system integrating garbage incineration boiler and coal-fired boiler - Google Patents
Combined power generation system integrating garbage incineration boiler and coal-fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN109539216B CN109539216B CN201811547315.2A CN201811547315A CN109539216B CN 109539216 B CN109539216 B CN 109539216B CN 201811547315 A CN201811547315 A CN 201811547315A CN 109539216 B CN109539216 B CN 109539216B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/02—Arrangements of regenerators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and relates to a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal burning boiler. The system combines a steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler with a heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit, and combines a primary air preheating system and a secondary air preheating system of the garbage incineration boiler with the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit, so that the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is coupled into the coal-fired power generation unit; part of water supply and condensed water are heated by utilizing superheated steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler so as to reduce the steam extraction flow of the regenerative system; meanwhile, part of feed water and condensed water are extracted from the heat recovery system to preheat the primary air and the secondary air of the garbage incineration boiler so as to ensure normal combustion in the garbage incineration boiler. The water supply parameter of the coal-fired boiler can reach the design value by controlling the flow of the water supply and the condensed water heated by the superheated steam of the garbage-burning boiler. The invention provides a more efficient and economical idea for improving the utilization efficiency of heat generated by garbage incineration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal burning boiler.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the increasing of national living standard, the dilemma of 'garbage surrounding city' is increasingly prominent, and how to treat huge amounts of household garbage becomes one of the serious problems facing China at present. At present, three treatment modes of household garbage are available: compared with landfill and garbage compost which is difficult to sell and is easy to cause secondary pollution, direct incineration, sanitary landfill and composting are becoming the main stream mode of domestic garbage treatment. In the garbage incineration process, a large amount of heat can be generated, and the heat is used for power generation, so that waste heat recovery and resource maximization can be realized. The waste incineration power generation mainly utilizes the heat released by the combustion of the waste to heat water so as to obtain superheated steam, and the superheated steam expands to do work to push a steam turbine to rotate so as to drive a generator to generate power. For the garbage incineration power plant with the daily garbage disposal amount of more than 330t/d, the efficiency of the rest heat boilers is about 70-78%, the efficiency of the steam turbines is about 28-30.6%, the efficiency of the generators is about 97%, the total power generation efficiency of the garbage incineration power plant is 18-23%, and is far less than the power generation efficiency of 43% which can be achieved by a large-capacity coal-fired power plant. Therefore, the garbage incineration power generation system is coupled with the conventional coal-fired power generation system, so that efficient utilization of heat generated by garbage incineration is hopeful to be realized, and the problem of low efficiency of a garbage incineration power plant is solved.
The existing garbage incineration power plant has small scale and low power generation efficiency, but the power generation system has high completeness and complete equipment configuration, and is provided with a series of equipment such as a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, a flue gas treatment device and the like, so that the investment cost of the garbage incineration power plant is high, the unit investment is about 1.8-2.2 ten thousand/kW, and the operation and maintenance cost after the construction is huge. The conventional coal-fired power generation is a large-scale, large-scale and high-efficiency power generation mode, the unit capacity is large, the unit efficiency can reach more than 43%, the unit investment cost is low, and the unit investment of the waste incineration power plant is about 1/4 of that of the waste incineration power plant. Therefore, the system integration is carried out on the garbage incineration power plant and the conventional coal-fired power plant, equipment such as a steam turbine, a generator and a chimney is shared, investment and operation maintenance cost of the equipment such as a steam turbine generator set and the chimney of the garbage incineration power plant can be saved, and the utilization efficiency of heat generated by garbage incineration can be improved, so that obvious economic benefits are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal-fired boiler, which is characterized in that a steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is combined with a heat recovery system of a coal-fired power generation unit, and a primary air preheating system and a secondary air preheating system of the garbage incineration boiler are combined with the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit, so that the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is coupled into the power generation system of the coal-fired power generation unit; the combined power generation system is characterized in that a coal-fired boiler economizer 2 and a coal-fired boiler air preheater 24 are arranged in a flue of a coal-fired boiler 1; the flue outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with an electrostatic precipitator 25, a desulfurizing tower 26 and a chimney 27 in series; the top of the flue of the coal-fired boiler is respectively connected with a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4, and the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3, the steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4 and the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 5 are connected in series with a generator 6; the extraction steam of the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a condenser 7, a 8# low-pressure heater 9, a 7# low-pressure heater 10, a 6# low-pressure heater 11 and a 5# low-pressure heater 12; the condensate pump 8 is respectively connected with a condenser 7, a 8# low-pressure heater 9, a waste incineration boiler primary air preheater 23 and a waste incineration boiler secondary air preheater 22; the extraction steam of the middle pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a deaerator 13 of the coal-fired boiler and a No. 3 high-pressure heater 15; the coal-fired boiler feed pump 14 is respectively connected with the coal-fired boiler deaerator 13, the third auxiliary heater 19, the garbage incineration boiler primary air preheater 23 and the garbage incineration boiler secondary air preheater 22; the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 is respectively connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater 16, a No. 1 high-pressure heater 17 and a coal-fired boiler economizer 2; the first auxiliary heater 21, the second auxiliary heater 20, the third auxiliary heater 19 and the fourth auxiliary heater 18 are respectively connected with the 1# high-voltage heater 17, the 2# high-voltage heater 16, the 3# high-voltage heater 15, the 11-6# low-voltage heater and the 12-5# low-voltage heater in parallel; the waste incineration boiler 28 is respectively connected with the first auxiliary heater 21, the flue gas purification tower 33, the waste incineration boiler economizer 29 and the waste incineration boiler feed pump 32; the flue gas purifying tower 33 is connected with the chimney 27 in series through a bag-type dust remover 34; the waste incineration boiler feed pump 32 is connected with the fourth auxiliary heater 18 through the waste incineration boiler deaerator 31 and the high-temperature water through the pressure reducing valve 30.
The combined power generation method of the combined power generation system of the integrated waste incineration boiler and the coal burning boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of; the method comprises the steps of combining a steam circulation system of a garbage incineration boiler with a heat recovery system of a coal-fired power generation unit, and simultaneously combining a primary air preheating system and a secondary air preheating system of the garbage incineration boiler with the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit respectively, so that the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is coupled into the power generation system of the coal-fired power generation unit; on the basis of a regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit, superheated steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler 28 is conveyed to the first auxiliary heater 21 and used for heating part of feed water at the outlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 16, the feed water is mixed with feed water at the outlet of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 17 after reaching the design temperature and then enters the coal-fired boiler economizer 2 for heating, and likewise, hot fluid at the outlet of the first auxiliary heater 21 sequentially passes through the step heating part of feed water and condensate water of the second auxiliary heater 20, the third auxiliary heater 19 and the fourth auxiliary heater 18, and each heater feed water or condensate water outlet reaches the design temperature and then is returned to the regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit; extracting part of feed water and condensed water from a regenerative system of a coal-fired power generation unit, heating waste incineration boiler I and secondary air in a waste incineration boiler primary air preheater 23 and a waste incineration boiler secondary air preheater 22 respectively, sending the waste incineration boiler I and secondary air to a waste incineration boiler 28 after reaching a design temperature, heating the waste incineration boiler primary air by using condensed water at an outlet of a 5# low-pressure heater 12 and feed water at an outlet of a 2# high-pressure heater 16, heating the waste incineration boiler secondary air by using condensed water at an outlet of the 5# low-pressure heater 12 and feed water at an outlet of a 3# high-pressure heater 15, heating the exothermic feed water to an outlet of a coal-fired boiler feed pump 14 after reaching the design temperature, and heating the exothermic condensed water to an inlet of an 8# low-pressure heater 9 after reaching the design temperature; therefore, the superheated steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler is used for heating part of water supply and condensate in a stepped manner, the steam extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder 3, the medium-pressure cylinder 4 and the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam flow for power generation is increased, the electric quantity output by the generator 6 is increased, the utilization rate of heat generated by garbage incineration is further improved, and the power generation of the superheated steam produced by the original garbage incineration boiler is increased. The integration mode ensures that the boiler water supply parameter can reach the design value and ensures the normal combustion in the garbage incineration boiler; meanwhile, the garbage incineration boiler can also be used as a starting boiler of the coal-fired boiler, qualified auxiliary steam is provided during starting after the coal-fired boiler is completely stopped, and a pipeline, a cyclone separator and the like of the boiler are heated uniformly, so that the boiler reaches the standard of starting the boiler.
The flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 24 of the coal-fired boiler sequentially passes through an electrostatic precipitator 25, and enters a chimney 27 for discharge after passing through a desulfurizing tower 26; the outlet flue gas of the waste incineration boiler 28 sequentially passes through a flue gas purification tower 33, a bag-type dust remover 34 and then is mixed with the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 1, and then enters a chimney 27 for discharge.
When the coal-fired boiler 1 is in a special operation mode such as start-stop and accident treatment, auxiliary steam provided by the waste incineration boiler 28 can be treated by overheat steam at the outlet of the waste incineration boiler 28 in a mode such as temperature reduction and pressure reduction to reach the required parameters of the auxiliary steam; for example, when the coal-fired boiler 1 needs to be started, the waste incineration boiler 28 can provide auxiliary steam with relatively stable parameters, flow and the like for heating pipes, cyclone separators and the like of the boiler, so that the auxiliary steam is heated uniformly, and the auxiliary steam can also enter a bypass system for heating a steam turbine, so that the starting time of a unit is shortened.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal burning boiler, which effectively combines outlet superheated steam of the garbage incineration boiler, a primary air preheater system and a secondary air preheater system of the garbage incineration boiler with a heat regeneration system of a coal burning unit. For the combined power generation system integrating the garbage incineration boiler and the coal burning boiler, the power generation efficiency and the coal consumption rate of the coal burning side are basically unchanged, and the main reason that the power generation power of the combined system is larger than the sum of the power generation powers of the separate power generation is as follows: based on the principle of 'temperature opposite port and energy cascade utilization', the superheated steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler is utilized to heat part of water supply and condensed water in a cascade manner, so that the steam extraction flow of the high-pressure cylinder 3, the medium-pressure cylinder 4 and the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam flow for power generation is increased, the electric quantity output by the generator 6 is increased, the utilization rate of heat generated by garbage incineration is further improved, and the power generation of the superheated steam produced by the original garbage incineration boiler is increased. The integrated mode ensures that the boiler water supply parameter can reach the design value and ensures the normal combustion in the garbage incineration boiler. Meanwhile, the garbage incineration boiler can also be used as a starting boiler of the coal-fired boiler, qualified auxiliary steam is provided during starting after the coal-fired boiler is completely stopped, and a pipeline, a cyclone separator and the like of the boiler are heated uniformly, so that the boiler reaches the standard of starting the boiler.
The invention provides a scheme with less influence on the transformation change and safety of the existing unit aiming at the combined power generation system integrating the garbage incineration boiler and the coal burning boiler, solves the problem of low garbage incineration power generation efficiency, reduces the investment of equipment such as a turbine, a generator, a chimney and the like for garbage incineration power generation, reduces the occupied area, and provides a more efficient and economic thought for the integrated power generation of the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler and the coal burning boiler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal-fired boiler
Description of the reference numerals: 1-a coal-fired boiler; 2-coal-fired boiler economizer; 3-a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; 4-a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder; 5-a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; a 6-generator; 7-a condenser; 8-a condensate pump; 9-8# low pressure heater; 10-7# low pressure heater; 11-6# low pressure heater; 12-5# low pressure heater; 13-a deaerator of the coal-fired boiler; 14-a water supply pump of the coal-fired boiler; 15-3# high pressure heater; a 16-2# high pressure heater; 17-1# high pressure heater; 18-fourth auxiliary heater; 19-a third auxiliary heater; 20-a second auxiliary heater; 21-a first auxiliary heater; 22-a secondary air preheater of the garbage incineration boiler; 23-a primary air preheater of a garbage incineration boiler; 24-an air preheater of the coal-fired boiler; 25-electrostatic precipitator; 26-a desulfurizing tower; 27-chimney; 28-a garbage incineration boiler; 29-a waste incineration boiler economizer 29; 30-a pressure reducing valve; 31-a waste incineration boiler deaerator; 32-a water supply pump of the garbage incineration boiler; 33-a flue gas purifying tower; 34-cloth bag dust remover
Detailed Description
The invention provides a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal burning boiler, and the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler with a coal-fired boiler.
The combined power generation system of the integrated waste incineration boiler and the coal-fired boiler as shown in fig. 1 effectively combines the outlet superheated steam of the waste incineration boiler, the primary air preheater of the waste incineration boiler, the secondary air preheater system and the heat regeneration system of the coal-fired unit; a coal-fired boiler economizer 2 and a coal-fired boiler air preheater 24 are arranged in a flue of the coal-fired boiler; the flue outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with an electrostatic precipitator 25, a desulfurizing tower 26 and a chimney 27 in series; the top of the flue of the coal-fired boiler is respectively connected with a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4, and the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3, the steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4 and the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 5 are connected in series with a generator 6; the extraction steam of the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a condenser 7, a 8# low-pressure heater 9, a 7# low-pressure heater 10, a 6# low-pressure heater 11 and a 5# low-pressure heater 12; the condensate pump 8 is respectively connected with a condenser 7, a 8# low-pressure heater 9, a waste incineration boiler primary air preheater 23 and a waste incineration boiler secondary air preheater 22; the extraction steam of the middle pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a deaerator 13 of the coal-fired boiler and a No. 3 high-pressure heater 15; the coal-fired boiler feed pump 14 is respectively connected with the coal-fired boiler deaerator 13, the third auxiliary heater 19, the garbage incineration boiler primary air preheater 23 and the garbage incineration boiler secondary air preheater 22; the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 is respectively connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater 16, a No. 1 high-pressure heater 17 and a coal-fired boiler economizer 2; the first auxiliary heater 21, the second auxiliary heater 20, the third auxiliary heater 19 and the fourth auxiliary heater 18 are respectively connected with the 1# high-voltage heater 17, the 2# high-voltage heater 16, the 3# high-voltage heater 15, the 11-6# low-voltage heater and the 12-5# low-voltage heater in parallel; the waste incineration boiler 28 is respectively connected with the first auxiliary heater 21, the flue gas purification tower 33, the waste incineration boiler economizer 29 and the waste incineration boiler feed pump 32; the flue gas purifying tower 33 is connected with the chimney 27 in series through a bag-type dust remover 34; the waste incineration boiler feed pump 32 is connected with the fourth auxiliary heater 18 through the waste incineration boiler deaerator 31 and the high-temperature water through the pressure reducing valve 30.
The combined power generation principle of the combined power generation system integrating the garbage incineration boiler and the coal-fired boiler is that on the basis of a regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit, superheated steam at an outlet of the garbage incineration boiler is utilized to sequentially heat partial water supply and condensate water through steps of a first auxiliary heater 21, a second auxiliary heater 20, a third auxiliary heater 19 and a fourth auxiliary heater 18, and the water supply or condensate water outlet of each heater reaches a design temperature and then is returned to the regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit; extracting part of feed water and condensed water from a heat recovery system of the coal-fired generator set, heating primary air of the garbage incineration boiler in a primary air preheater 23 of the garbage incineration boiler, and feeding the primary air of the garbage incineration boiler into the garbage incineration boiler 28 from the lower part of the fire grate for drying and combustion supporting after the primary air of the garbage incineration boiler reaches a design temperature; part of the feed water and condensed water are extracted from the regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit, the secondary air of the garbage incineration boiler is heated in the secondary air preheater 22 of the garbage incineration boiler, and the secondary air of the garbage incineration boiler reaches the design temperature and is sent into the garbage incineration boiler 28 for improving the combustion effect and maintaining the temperature of the combustion chamber.
Specifically, the waste incineration boiler outlet superheated steam is delivered to the first auxiliary heater 21; the water supply at the outlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 16 is divided into one water supply, the water supply absorbs the heat of the superheated steam at the outlet of the waste incineration boiler through the first auxiliary heater 21, the water supply is divided into one water supply, the heat of the water supply is absorbed through the No. 1 high-pressure heater 17, and the two water supplies are mixed after reaching the design temperature and then enter the coal-fired boiler economizer 2 for heating. The first auxiliary heater 21 outlet steam is delivered to the second auxiliary heater 20; the water supply at the outlet of the No. 3 high-pressure heater 15 is branched into one water supply, absorbs steam heat through the second auxiliary heater 20, and then is pumped back to the inlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 16; and then one path of water is separated, the water absorbs heat through the No. 2 high-pressure heater 16, and the water enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater 17 after reaching the design temperature.
The outlet high temperature water of the second auxiliary heater 20 is delivered to the third auxiliary heater 19; one path of water supply from the outlet of the water supply pump 14 of the coal-fired boiler absorbs high-temperature water heat through the third auxiliary heater 19, and the other path of water supply absorbs heat through the 3# high-pressure heater 15; both the two paths of water supply reach the design temperature and then are mixed, and enter a No. 2 high-pressure heater 16 for heating.
The outlet of the third auxiliary heater 19 is used for delivering high-temperature water to the fourth auxiliary heater 18; one path of condensed water at the outlet of the No. 7 low-pressure heater 10 sequentially enters the No. 6 low-pressure heater 11 and the No. 5 low-pressure heater 12, and the other path of condensed water is mixed with the previous path of condensed water after heat exchange by the fourth auxiliary heater 18 and then enters the deaerator 13 of the coal-fired boiler; the high temperature water at the outlet of the fourth auxiliary heater 18 is depressurized to the rated pressure required by the deaerator 31 of the garbage incineration boiler through the depressurization valve 30, deoxidized by the deaerator 31 of the garbage incineration boiler, enters the water feed pump 32 of the garbage incineration boiler to be pressurized, enters the economizer 29 of the garbage incineration boiler to be heated after reaching the design pressure, and extracts the extraction steam of a part of the regenerative system of the coal-fired boiler to be used as the heat source of the deaerator 31 of the garbage incineration boiler so as to ensure the stability of the deaerator 31 of the garbage incineration boiler.
The condensed water at the outlet of the No. 5 low-pressure heater 12 is heated by the deaerator 13 of the coal-fired boiler, the other condensed water is discharged by the first heating section of the primary air preheater 23 and the secondary air preheater 22 of the garbage-fired boiler, and the discharged condensed water is pumped to the inlet of the No. 8 low-pressure heater 9; the water fed from the outlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 16 is split into one path, is released by the second heating section of the primary air preheater 23 of the garbage incineration boiler, is pumped to the outlet of the water feed pump 14 of the coal burning boiler after reaching the design temperature, and then sequentially enters the high-pressure heater for heating; the water fed from the outlet of the No. 3 high-pressure heater 15 is split into one path, is released by the second heating section of the secondary air preheater 22 of the garbage incineration boiler, is pumped to the outlet of the water feed pump 14 of the coal burning boiler after reaching the design temperature, and then sequentially enters the high-pressure heater for heating.
In order to avoid great influence on safe operation and economy of the system after the steam circulation system of the waste incineration boiler is coupled with the coal-fired power generation system, the water supply parameter of the coal-fired boiler can reach a design value by controlling the flow of water supply and condensate heated by superheated steam of the waste incineration boiler and the water supply and condensate flow for preheating primary air and secondary air of the waste incineration boiler.
The flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 24 of the coal-fired boiler sequentially passes through an electrostatic precipitator 25, and enters a chimney 27 for discharge after passing through a desulfurizing tower 26; the outlet flue gas of the waste incineration boiler 28 sequentially passes through a flue gas purification tower 33, a bag-type dust remover 34 and then is mixed with the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 1, and then enters a chimney 27 for discharge.
After the coal-fired boiler 1 is completely stopped, qualified auxiliary steam is provided by the garbage incineration boiler 28 at the starting time, and pipes, cyclone separators and the like of the boiler are heated uniformly, so that the auxiliary steam reaches the standard of furnace starting.
The effects of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
The coal-fired power generation unit with the unit capacity of 1000MW is combined with the garbage incineration boiler with the daily garbage treatment capacity of 500t/d, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power generation system integrating the garbage incineration boiler and the coal-fired boiler. And under the condition that the power generated by burning coal is basically unchanged by taking the THA working condition as a reference system, compared with a conventional garbage incineration power station with the same scale, the combined power generation system improves the flue gas energy utilization rate of the garbage incineration boiler by more than 30 percent.
Claims (2)
1. The combined power generation system integrating the garbage incineration boiler and the coal-fired boiler is characterized in that a steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is combined with a heat recovery system of a coal-fired power generation unit, and a primary air preheating system and a secondary air preheating system of the garbage incineration boiler are combined with the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit, so that the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is coupled into the coal-fired power generation unit; the combined power generation system is characterized in that a coal-fired boiler economizer (2) and a coal-fired boiler air preheater (24) are arranged in a flue of a coal-fired boiler (1); the flue outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with an electrostatic precipitator (25), a desulfurizing tower (26) and a chimney (27) in series; the top of a flue of the coal-fired boiler is respectively connected with a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3) and a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder (4), and the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3), the steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder (4) and the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (5) are connected in series with a generator (6); the extraction steam of the low-pressure cylinder (5) of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a condenser (7), an 8# low-pressure heater (9), a 7# low-pressure heater (10), a 6# low-pressure heater (11) and a 5# low-pressure heater (12); the condensate pump (8) is respectively connected with the condenser (7), the 8# low-pressure heater (9), the waste incineration boiler primary air preheater (23) and the waste incineration boiler secondary air preheater (22); the extraction steam of the middle pressure cylinder (4) of the steam turbine is respectively connected with a deaerator (13) of the coal-fired boiler and a No. 3 high-pressure heater (15); the coal-fired boiler water supply pump (14) is respectively connected with the coal-fired boiler deaerator (13), the third auxiliary heater (19), the garbage incineration boiler primary air preheater (23) and the garbage incineration boiler secondary air preheater (22); the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3) is respectively connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater (16), a No. 1 high-pressure heater (17) and a coal-fired boiler economizer (2); the first auxiliary heater (21), the second auxiliary heater (20), the third auxiliary heater (19) and the fourth auxiliary heater (18) are respectively connected with the 1# high-pressure heater (17), the 2# high-pressure heater (16), the 3# high-pressure heater (15) and the 6# low-pressure heater (11) and the 5# low-pressure heater (12) in parallel; the waste incineration boiler (28) is respectively connected with the first auxiliary heater (21), the flue gas purification tower (33), the waste incineration boiler economizer (29) and the waste incineration boiler feed pump (32); the flue gas purifying tower (33) is connected with the chimney (27) in series through the bag-type dust remover (34); the waste incineration boiler water supply pump (32) is connected with the fourth auxiliary heater (18) through the waste incineration boiler deaerator (31) and the high-temperature water through the pressure reducing valve (30).
2. A combined power generation method of a combined power generation system integrating a garbage incineration boiler and a coal burning boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of; the method comprises the steps of combining a steam circulation system of a garbage incineration boiler with a heat recovery system of a coal-fired power generation unit, and simultaneously combining a primary air preheating system and a secondary air preheating system of the garbage incineration boiler with the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit respectively, so that the steam circulation system of the garbage incineration boiler is coupled into the power generation system of the coal-fired power generation unit; on the basis of a regenerative system of the coal-fired power generation unit, superheated steam at an outlet of a garbage incineration boiler (28) is conveyed to a first auxiliary heater (21) and used for heating part of feed water at an outlet of a No. 2 high-pressure heater (16), and the feed water is mixed with feed water at an outlet of a No. 1 high-pressure heater (17) after reaching a design temperature and then enters a coal-fired boiler economizer (2) for heating; similarly, the hot fluid at the outlet of the first auxiliary heater (21) sequentially passes through the second auxiliary heater (20), the third auxiliary heater (19) and the fourth auxiliary heater (18) to heat part of water supply and condensate in a stepped manner, and the water supply or condensate outlet of each heater reaches the design temperature and then is sent back to the heat recovery system of the coal-fired power generation unit; extracting part of feed water and condensate water from a regenerative system of a coal-fired power generation unit, heating waste incineration boiler I and secondary air in a waste incineration boiler primary air preheater (23) and a waste incineration boiler secondary air preheater (22), and sending the waste incineration boiler I and secondary air to a waste incineration boiler (28) after the waste incineration boiler I and secondary air reach a design temperature, wherein the waste incineration boiler primary air is heated by condensate water at an outlet of a 5# low-pressure heater (12) and feed water at an outlet of a 2# high-pressure heater (16), the waste incineration boiler secondary air is heated by condensate water at an outlet of the 5# low-pressure heater (12) and feed water at an outlet of a 3# high-pressure heater (15), and the discharged feed water is beaten to an outlet of a coal-fired boiler feed pump (14) after reaching the design temperature, and beaten to an inlet of an 8# low-pressure heater (9) after the discharged condensate water reaches the design temperature; therefore, the superheated steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler is used for heating part of water supply and condensed water in a stepped manner, so that the extraction flow of a high-pressure cylinder (3), a medium-pressure cylinder (4) and a low-pressure cylinder (5) of a steam turbine is reduced, the steam flow for generating electricity is increased, the electric quantity output by a generator (6) is increased, the utilization rate of heat generated by garbage incineration is further improved, the power generation of the superheated steam generated by the original garbage incineration boiler is increased, and the integration mode ensures that the boiler water supply parameter can reach a design value and the normal combustion in the garbage incineration boiler is ensured; meanwhile, the garbage incineration boiler can be used as a starting boiler of the coal-fired boiler, qualified auxiliary steam is provided during starting after the coal-fired boiler is completely stopped, and pipes, cyclone separators and the like of the boiler are heated uniformly, so that the furnace starting standard is achieved; the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater (24) of the coal-fired boiler sequentially passes through an electrostatic precipitator (25), and enters a chimney (27) for discharge after passing through a desulfurizing tower (26); the flue gas at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler (28) sequentially passes through a flue gas purification tower (33), a bag-type dust remover (34) and the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler (1) are mixed and then enter a chimney (27) for discharge; when the coal-fired boiler (1) is in a special operation mode of starting and stopping and accident treatment, auxiliary steam provided by the garbage incineration boiler (28) is treated by overheat steam at the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler (28) in a temperature and pressure reduction mode to reach the required parameters of the auxiliary steam; when the coal-fired boiler (1) needs to be started, the garbage incineration boiler (28) provides auxiliary steam with relatively stable parameters and flow for the auxiliary steam to heat pipes and cyclone separators of the boiler, so that the auxiliary steam is heated uniformly, and enters a bypass system to heat a steam turbine, so that the starting time of a unit is shortened.
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| CN110397481B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-04-12 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | Garbage incineration power generation device capable of improving main steam parameters |
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