CN109538666B

CN109538666B - Electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads and micro-rail vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN109538666B
Application number: CN201710862858.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李化明; 张新永; 杨永勤; 许红梅; 谢春杰; 刘政; 王东星; 尚礼明; 李茂林; 吴桐
Original assignee: CRRC Tangshan Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Tangshan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-22
Filing date: 2017-09-22
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-22
Also published as: CN109538666A

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic brake capable of quickly replacing a brake pad, which comprises a brake disc part, a fixing plate, an armature and an electromagnetic adjusting part, wherein the electromagnetic adjusting part is arranged at a preset interval from the armature and the fixing plate and is fixedly connected with the fixing plate; when the electromagnetic adjusting part is electrified, the armature is attracted to leave the brake disc part, so that the friction force disappears, and the axle recovers rotation; at least one brake pad is detachably arranged on the brake pad part, so that the brake pad can be replaced under the condition that a wheel, a bearing cover, a bearing, a guide pillar bolt and a fixing plate are not dismounted, the complexity degree of work is reduced, and the work efficiency is greatly improved; according to the invention, the disc body of the brake disc part is provided with a plurality of lightening holes, so that the problem of noise in the braking process is effectively reduced. The invention also relates to a micro-rail vehicle comprising the electromagnetic brake.

Description

Electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads and micro-rail vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of brakes of rail transit vehicles, in particular to an electromagnetic brake capable of being used for a micro-rail transit vehicle and capable of quickly replacing brake pads and the micro-rail vehicle. The micro-track of the application refers to: the track width is the suspension type transportation system below 600 mm.

Background

The electromagnetic brake is an electromagnetic brake mechanism using an electronic device, and changes a braking force by controlling a parameter such as a current. The traditional electromagnetic brake is generally arranged at the tail end of a shaft, and the brake pads of the brake disc can be replaced by detaching the fixing plate at the outermost side. For the electromagnetic brake arranged on the two wheel intermediate shafts, the brake disc is an integral disc, and the electromagnetic brake can be arranged only by passing through an axle during installation. Along with the wearing and tearing of brake disc brake lining, when needing to change the brake disc brake lining, need dismantle the wheel, withdraw from the axletree and just can take out the brake disc brake lining. Because the brake lining is the consumable piece, change more frequently than other, adopt this kind of dismantlement mode greatly increased the loaded down with trivial details degree of changing the brake lining, consumed a large amount of time. Therefore, it is particularly important to design an electromagnetic brake with a new structure and capable of rapidly replacing brake pads.

Disclosure of Invention

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the electromagnetic brake with the brake pad capable of being replaced quickly, so as to solve at least one technical problem.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an electromagnetic brake capable of quickly replacing brake pads comprises a brake disc part, a fixing plate, an armature and an electromagnetic adjusting part,

the brake disc part is arranged on an axle and is linked with the axle to rotate; the fixing plate is arranged on one side of the brake disc part, and a preset distance is arranged between the fixing plate and the brake disc part; the armature is arranged on the other side of the brake disc part, and a preset distance is reserved between the armature and the brake disc part; the electromagnetic adjusting part is arranged on the outer side of the armature; the fixed plate and the armature are fixed on the electromagnetic adjusting part through a fixing piece; and at least one brake pad is arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate and/or the armature close to the brake disc part.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows:

preferably, the electromagnetic adjustment portion includes a yoke, a plurality of springs preset with elastic force, and a coil:

a preset distance is arranged between the magnetic yoke and the armature; the side face, close to the armature, of the magnetic yoke is recessed towards the inside of the armature by taking the axis of an axle as a center to form a first annular groove; a plurality of first mounting holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the inner edge of the first groove;

the springs are in one-to-one correspondence with the first mounting holes in the same number, one ends of the springs are mounted in the first mounting holes, and the other ends of the springs are mounted and pressed on the armatures;

the coil is arranged in the first groove and is electrically connected with an external power supply.

Preferably, a plurality of second mounting holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the outer edge of the first groove;

the second mounting hole is provided with an internal thread matched with the guide pillar bolt, and the guide pillar bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and the armature to be screwed with the second mounting hole.

Preferably, two second grooves are arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate close to the brake disc part; the two second grooves are symmetrically distributed on the fixing plate;

a first mounting boss is arranged between the second grooves, and a first through hole for a guide pillar bolt to pass through and a second through hole for relieving the bolt from passing through with threads are respectively arranged at two ends of the first mounting boss;

a brake pad is arranged in the second groove, the shape and the structure of the brake pad are matched with those of the second groove, and the brake pad is detachably fixed on the fixing plate through a fixing piece;

the first through holes and the second mounting holes are identical in number and correspond to one another.

Preferably, two third grooves are arranged on the side surface of the armature close to the brake disc part, and the two third grooves are symmetrically distributed on the fixing plate;

the guide pillar bolt is sleeved with a sleeve, and the sleeve is arranged between the fixing plate and the magnetic yoke;

a second mounting boss is arranged between the two third grooves, sliding slots for the sleeve to pass through are respectively arranged at two ends of the second mounting boss, and the sliding slots and the second mounting holes are the same in number and are in one-to-one correspondence;

and a brake pad is arranged in the third groove, is matched with the third groove in shape and structure and is detachably fixed on the armature through a fixing piece.

Preferably, the brake pad includes:

the brake pad support is arranged on the side surface of the brake pad part close to the brake disc part;

the friction block is arranged on the inner side of the brake pad holder, and the orthographic projection of the friction block relative to the brake disc part falls in the brake disc part;

a plurality of third through holes which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer side of the brake pad support,

and a plurality of uniformly distributed heat dissipation grooves are formed in the side surface of the brake pad support, which is in contact with the brake disc part.

Preferably, the edge that first installation boss and brake lining contact is equipped with the draw-in groove towards first installation boss is inside, the inboard of brake lining is equipped with the ka tai, the card platform can block each other with the shape structure phase-match of draw-in groove.

Preferably, the edge that second installation boss and brake lining contact is equipped with the draw-in groove towards second installation boss is inside, the inboard of brake lining is equipped with the ka tai, the card platform can block each other with the shape structure phase-match of draw-in groove.

Preferably, the material of the friction block is copper-based ceramic powder, iron-based powder metallurgy material, aluminum-based powder metallurgy material or hybrid fiber; the brake pad holder is made of steel or copper.

Preferably, the friction block is in the shape of a semicircle, a circle, a sector or an ellipse; the friction block is one or more.

Preferably, the brake disc portion includes a disc hub and a friction ring, the disc hub is fixedly mounted on an inner ring of the friction ring, an installation ring plate is arranged on an outer ring of the disc hub, an installation groove is formed in an inner ring of the friction ring, the installation ring plate is matched with the installation groove in structural position, and the installation ring plate is flush with the surface of the friction ring.

Preferably, the inner ring side wall of the disc hub is provided with a spline matched with the outer wall structure of the spline housing, and the brake disc part is connected with the axle through the spline housing.

Preferably, the hub is mounted on the inner ring of the friction ring through a fixing piece, the fixing piece is a bolt or a screw, and the friction ring is provided with a plurality of mounting counter bores for mounting the bolt or the screw.

Preferably, the fixed plate and the armature are connected with a clamp spring or a connecting clamp through a connecting pin.

Preferably, the brake disc part is of a circular ring structure, the inner edge of the brake disc part is in a spline form, a spline sleeve is arranged on the inner ring of the brake disc part, the brake disc part is connected with the axle through the spline sleeve, a plurality of lightening holes are formed in the spline sleeve on the brake disc part, and the plurality of lightening holes are distributed in an array mode by taking the circle center of the brake disc part as the center.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a micro-rail vehicle to solve at least one technical problem.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a micro-rail vehicle comprises a braking system, wherein the braking system comprises the electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention comprises a brake disc part, a fixed plate, an armature and an electromagnetic adjusting part, wherein the electromagnetic adjusting part is arranged at a preset interval from the armature and is fixedly connected with the fixed plate; when the electromagnetic adjusting part is electrified, the armature is attracted to leave the brake disc part, so that the friction force disappears, and the axle recovers rotation; the armature and/or the fixed plate are/is detachably provided with at least one brake pad, so that the brake pads can be replaced without detaching wheels, bearing covers, bearings, guide pillar bolts and the fixed plate, the complexity of work is reduced, and the work efficiency is greatly improved; according to the invention, the disc body of the brake disc part is provided with a plurality of lightening holes, so that the problem of noise in the braking process is effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the armature of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a brake disc portion according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a brake pad according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a left side view of the brake pad of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective front view of a yoke according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a rear view of the yoke according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure B-B of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a front view of another embodiment of the brake pad of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a front view of a brake pad according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a front view schematically illustrating the structure of the split brake disc according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a rear view schematically illustrating the split brake disc according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a left side view schematically illustrating the brake disc of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a split brake disc according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a front view of the split hub of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a rear view of the hub of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic left side view of the hub of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the hub of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a front view of the friction ring of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic rear view of the friction ring of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic left side view of a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a friction ring of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic perspective view of a friction ring according to the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a brake pad retaining system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a brake pad retaining system according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 29, an electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads includes:

a brake disc portion 100 that is attached to an axle (not shown) and rotates in conjunction with the axle;

here, the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 may be configured to constitute a brake pad portion 300, which is disposed at a predetermined interval from the brake disc portion 100, specifically, the fixing plate 310 is disposed at one side of the brake disc portion 100, and is spaced from the brake disc portion 100 by a predetermined distance; the armature 320 is arranged on the other side of the brake disc part 100, and a predetermined distance is arranged between the armature 320 and the brake disc part 100; the electromagnetic adjusting part 400 is arranged on the outer side of the armature 320; the fixed plate 310 and the armature 320 are fixed on the electromagnetic adjusting part 400 by a fixing member;

at least one brake pad 500 is mounted on a side of the fixing plate 310 and/or the armature 320 close to the brake disc portion 100. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, at least one brake pad 500 is mounted on each of the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 near the side of the brake disc part 100.

An electromagnetic adjusting portion 400 disposed at a predetermined interval from the disc portion 300 and fixedly connected to the disc portion 300, wherein when the electromagnetic adjusting portion 400 is de-energized, the disc portion 300 is pushed to be close to the disc portion 100, thereby generating a frictional force to stop the axle; when the electromagnetic adjustment portion 400 is energized, the brake disc portion 300 is attracted away from the brake disc portion 100, so that the frictional force disappears and the axle returns to rotation;

the electromagnetic brake comprises a brake disc part 100, a brake pad part 300 and an electromagnetic adjusting part 400, wherein the brake pad part 300, the electromagnetic adjusting part 400 and the electromagnetic adjusting part are combined to form the whole electromagnetic brake; when the electromagnetic adjustment portion 400 is energized, the brake disc portion 300 is attracted away from the brake disc portion 100, so that the frictional force disappears and the axle returns to rotation; meanwhile, at least one brake pad 500 is detachably mounted on the side surface, close to the brake disc part 100, of the brake pad part 300, and the brake pad 500 can be replaced without detaching wheels, bearing covers, bearings, guide pillar bolts 600 and the fixing plate 310, so that the complexity of work is reduced, and the work efficiency is greatly improved. The micro-rail system is a newly developed rail vehicle for meeting the traveling diversification of people at present and relieving traffic pressure, has the characteristics of light weight and intellectualization, can be applied to numerous scenes such as communities, scenic spots, industrial parks and the like, provides convenience for people, is beneficial to construction and layout due to small integral occupied area and small occupied space, reduces the integral investment, and is more flexible to operate; the micro-rail system is the first creation in China all over the world as a novel traffic and has wide application prospect. Of course, the invention can also be used in other vehicle bodies and has good popularization value.

Preferably, the fixing member is a guide post bolt 600, and the guide post bolt 600 sequentially passes through holes preset on the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 to be screwed with a mounting hole preset on the electromagnetic adjusting portion 400 of the electromagnetic bar.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic adjusting portion 400 includes:

the magnetic yoke 410 is arranged at a preset distance from the armature 320; the side surface of the magnetic yoke 410 close to the armature 320 is recessed towards the inside of the armature 320 by taking the axis of the axle as the center to form a first annular groove 411; a plurality of first mounting holes 412 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the inner edge of the first groove 411;

a plurality of springs 420 with preset elastic force, the number of the springs 420 is the same as that of the first mounting holes 412, and the springs 420 correspond to the first mounting holes 412 one by one, one end of each spring 420 is mounted in the first mounting hole 412, and the other end of each spring is mounted and pressed on the armature 320;

the coil 430 is installed in the first groove 411, and the coil 430 is electrically connected with an external power supply;

when the coil 430 loses power, the armature 320 is pushed by the spring 420 and is close to the brake disc part 100, and the brake disc part 100 contacts with the armature 320 and the fixing plate 310 to generate friction force, so that the axle is stopped; when the coil 430 is energized, the armature 320 is attracted away from the brake disc part 100, the armature 320 and the fixing plate 310 are separated, so that the friction force disappears, and the axle shaft returns to rotate;

a plurality of second mounting holes 413 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer edge of the first groove 411;

the second mounting hole 413 is provided with an internal thread matched with the guide pillar bolt 600, and the guide pillar bolt 600 penetrates through the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 to be screwed with the second mounting hole 413;

the bottom of the magnetic yoke 410 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed fourth mounting holes 414, and the fourth mounting holes 414 are blind holes and used for mounting screws when the magnetic yoke 410 is mounted on a frame.

In an embodiment of the present invention, two second grooves 311 are disposed on the side surface of the fixing plate 310 close to the brake disc portion 100; the two second grooves 311 are symmetrically distributed on the fixing plate 310;

a first mounting boss 312 is arranged between the second grooves 311, and two ends of the first mounting boss 312 are respectively provided with a first through hole 313 for the guide pillar bolt 600 to pass through and a second through hole 314 for the release bolt 800 to pass through;

a brake pad 500 is arranged in the second groove 311, the shape and structure of the brake pad 500 are matched with those of the second groove 311, and the brake pad is detachably fixed on the fixing plate 310 through a fixing piece; the fixing member is a screw or a bolt, and the fixing member of the present invention is not limited to these two.

The first through holes 313 and the second mounting holes 413 are the same in number and correspond to each other one by one.

Two third grooves 321 are arranged on the side surface of the armature 320 close to the brake disc part 100, and the two third grooves 321 are symmetrically distributed on the fixing plate 310;

the guide pillar bolt 600 is sleeved with a sleeve 700, and the sleeve 700 is arranged between the fixing plate 310 and the magnetic yoke 410;

a second mounting boss 322 is arranged between the two third grooves 321, two ends of the second mounting boss 322 are respectively provided with a sliding slot 323 for the sleeve 700 to pass through, and the sliding slots 323 and the second mounting holes 413 have the same number and are in one-to-one correspondence;

a brake pad 500 is arranged in the third groove 321, the shape and structure of the brake pad 500 are matched with those of the third groove 321, and the brake pad is detachably fixed on the armature 320 through a fixing piece; the fixing member is a screw or a bolt, and the fixing member of the present invention is not limited to these two.

After the release bolt 800 passes through the second through hole 314, a predetermined distance is provided between the bottom end of the release bolt and the second mounting boss 322, when the coil 430 is de-energized, the armature 320 is pushed by the spring 420 to move toward the brake disc part 100 to the bottom end of the release bolt 800, and the bottom end of the release bolt 800 presses the armature 320 to move in the opposite direction, so that the brake disc part 100 is separated from the armature 320, thereby releasing braking.

The brake pad 500 includes:

a brake pad holder 510, wherein the brake pad holder 510 is mounted on the side of the brake pad portion 300 close to the brake disc portion 100;

a friction block 520, wherein the friction block 520 is installed at the inner side of the brake pad holder 510, and the orthographic projection of the friction block 520 relative to the brake disc part 100 falls in the brake disc part 100;

a plurality of third through holes 511 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer side of the brake pad holder 510,

the side of the brake pad holder 510 contacting the brake disc part 100 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed heat dissipation grooves 512.

The edge of the first mounting boss 312 contacting the brake pad 500 is provided with a clamping groove towards the inside of the first mounting boss 312, the inner side of the brake pad 500 is provided with a clamping table 530, and the clamping table 511 and the clamping groove are matched in shape and structure and can be mutually clamped.

The edge that second installation boss 322 and brake lining 500 contact is equipped with the draw-in groove towards second installation boss 322 is inside, the inboard of brake lining 500 is equipped with ka tai 530, the shape structure phase-match of ka tai 511 and draw-in groove can block each other.

Preferably, the material of the friction block 520 is copper-based ceramic powder, iron-based powder metallurgy material, aluminum-based powder metallurgy material or hybrid fiber; the friction block 520 made of the materials has light weight and good wear resistance;

the brake pad holder 510 is made of steel or copper. The brake pad holder 510 made of the material has good heat dissipation.

As shown in fig. 9, 14 and 15, the friction block 520 has a semicircular, circular, fan-shaped or elliptical shape; the friction block 520 is one or more. The brake pad structure of the whole die-casting and sintering of the semicircular friction block 520 and the brake pad holder 510 adopted by the invention is taken as an example for illustration, the structural dimension of the brake pad 500 can be changed according to the actual requirement, the simple optimized design is locally made, and the structural dimension and the form of the friction block 520 are changed, for example, the friction block 520 does not adopt the semicircular structure, adopts a structure that a plurality of small blocks (polygons, circles, small sectors, ellipses and the like) are arranged and die-cast and sintered on the brake pad holder or the structure that a groove is designed in the middle of the semicircular friction block, and the like, and the design of the simple optimization and the like of the brake pad heat dissipation structure is also in the scope of the. The friction block structure with the small blocks is adopted, so that not only can the weight of the brake pad be reduced, but also the heat dissipation can be increased, the braking capacity can be improved, meanwhile, the thermal cracking of the friction blocks 520 can be reduced, and the service life of the brake pad can be prolonged. Of course, the shape of the friction block 520 in the present invention is not limited to the above.

Preferably, the brake disc portion 100 includes a hub 120 and a friction ring 130, the hub 120 is mounted on an inner ring of the friction ring 130 through a fixing member, an installation ring plate 121 is disposed on an outer ring of the hub 120, an installation groove 131 is disposed on an inner ring of the friction ring 130, the installation ring plate 121 is matched with the installation groove 131 in structural position, and the installation ring plate 121 is flush with a surface of the friction ring 130.

The inner ring side wall of the hub 120 is provided with a spline matching with the outer wall structure of the spline housing 200, and the brake disc part 100 is connected with an axle through the spline housing 200.

The fixing member is a bolt or a screw, and the friction ring 130 is provided with a plurality of mounting counter bores 132 for mounting the bolt or the screw. Bolts or screws are inserted through mounting counterbores 132 and mounting through holes 122 in hub 120 to connect the two together, and when installed, the screws or bolts are flush with the surface of friction ring 130.

The fixed plate 310 and the armature 320 are connected with a clamp spring 920 or a connecting clip 940 through a connecting pin. Specifically, as shown in fig. 28, the connecting pin in the naming drawing is a first connecting pin 910, the first connecting pin 910 penetrates through the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 to fix the fixing plate and the armature 320 together, and simultaneously fixes the brake pad 500 on the armature 320 or the fixing plate 310, a groove for installing a snap spring 920 is formed on the first connecting pin 910, the groove is close to the brake pad 500, and the snap spring 920 is installed on the groove to fix the first connecting pin 910 between the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320; in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 29, the connecting pin is named as a second connecting pin 930, the second connecting pin 930 penetrates through the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320 to fix the fixing plate and the brake pad 500 to the armature 320 or the fixing plate 310, the second connecting pin 930 is provided with a through hole for installing a connecting clip 940, the through hole is close to the brake pad 500, and the connecting clip 940 penetrates through the through hole to fix the second connecting pin 930 between the fixing plate 310 and the armature 320;

preferably, the brake disc portion 100 is a circular ring structure, the inner edge of the brake disc portion 100 is in the form of a spline, a spline housing 200 is arranged on the inner ring of the brake disc portion 100, the brake disc portion 100 is connected with an axle through the spline housing 200, the spline housing 200 is sleeved on the axle, the brake disc portion 100 is sleeved on the outer wall of the spline housing 200, a plurality of lightening holes 110 are arranged on the axle of the spline housing 200, and the lightening holes 110 are distributed in an array shape by taking the center of the circle of the brake disc portion 100 as the center. As shown in fig. 8, is distributed in a circular array.

The invention also relates to a train comprising a braking system comprising said electromagnetic brake with quick-replaceable brake pads.

In conclusion, the brake pad 500 can be replaced quickly, and manpower is effectively saved; in order to reduce the noise during braking, the brake disc part 100 is provided with a plurality of lightening holes 110, the brake pad 500 has novel and practical structure, the brake pad holder 510 has good heat dissipation and is easy to install and disassemble, the friction block 520 has various structures and forms, and the friction block 520 is made of copper-based ceramic powder, iron-based powder metallurgy material, aluminum-based powder metallurgy material or hybrid fiber; the invention changes the prior complicated structural mode of replacing the brake disc, the electromagnetic brake with the structure can complete the replacement of the brake pad without disassembling parts such as an axle and the like, has simple and convenient operation, can be more suitable for vehicles, and widens a new field of electromagnetic brake structure and use.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic brake capable of quickly replacing brake pads is characterized by comprising a brake disc part, a fixing plate, an armature and an electromagnetic adjusting part,

the brake disc part is arranged on an axle and is linked with the axle to rotate; the fixing plate is arranged on one side of the brake disc part, and a preset distance is arranged between the fixing plate and the brake disc part; the armature is arranged on the other side of the brake disc part, and a preset distance is reserved between the armature and the brake disc part; the electromagnetic adjusting part is arranged on the outer side of the armature; the fixed plate and the armature are fixed on the electromagnetic adjusting part through a fixing piece; at least one brake pad is arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate and/or the armature close to the brake disc part;

two second grooves are arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate close to the brake disc part; the two second grooves are symmetrically distributed on the fixing plate; a first mounting boss is arranged between the second grooves; a brake pad is arranged in the second groove and detachably fixed on the fixing plate through a fixing piece;

two third grooves are arranged on the side surface of the armature close to the brake disc part, and the two third grooves are symmetrically distributed on the armature; a second mounting boss is arranged between the two third grooves; a brake pad is arranged in the third groove and detachably fixed on the armature through a fixing piece;

the brake pad includes: a brake pad holder and a friction block; the brake pad support is arranged on the side surface of the fixed plate or the armature close to the brake disc part; the friction block is arranged on the inner side of the brake pad holder, and the orthographic projection of the friction block relative to the brake disc part falls in the brake disc part;

the edge of the first mounting boss, which is contacted with the brake pad, faces the inside of the first mounting boss, and a clamping table is arranged on the inner side of the brake pad, and the clamping table and the clamping groove are matched in shape and structure and can be clamped with each other;

the edge of second installation boss and the contact of brake lining is equipped with the draw-in groove towards second installation boss is inside, the inboard of brake lining is equipped with the ka tai, the card platform can block each other with the shape structure phase-match of draw-in groove.

2. The electromagnetic brake with brake lining capable of being replaced rapidly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic adjusting portion comprises a magnetic yoke, a plurality of springs with preset elasticity and a coil:

3. The electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of second mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the first groove;

4. The electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads as claimed in claim 3, wherein both ends of the first mounting boss are respectively provided with a first through hole for passing a guide pillar bolt and a second through hole for relieving the bolt from passing through a thread;

the brake pad is matched with the second groove in shape and structure;

5. The electromagnetic brake with rapidly replaceable brake pads as claimed in claim 4,

two ends of the second mounting boss are respectively provided with a sliding open slot for the sleeve to pass through, and the sliding open slots and the second mounting holes have the same number and are in one-to-one correspondence;

the brake pad is matched with the third groove in shape and structure.

6. The electromagnetic brake with rapidly replaceable brake pads as claimed in claim 5,

a plurality of third through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the outer side of the brake pad support;

7. The electromagnetic brake with the brake lining capable of being rapidly replaced according to claim 6, wherein the material of the friction block is copper-based ceramic powder, iron-based powder metallurgy material, aluminum-based powder metallurgy material or hybrid fiber; the brake pad holder is made of steel or copper.

8. The electromagnetic brake with rapidly replaceable brake lining as claimed in claim 6, wherein said friction block is in the shape of a semicircle, a circle, a sector or an ellipse; the friction block is one or more.

9. The electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brake disc portion comprises a disc hub and a friction ring, the disc hub is fixedly mounted on an inner ring of the friction ring, an outer ring of the disc hub is provided with a mounting ring plate, an inner ring of the friction ring is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting ring plate is matched with the mounting groove in structural position, and the mounting ring plate is flush with the surface of the friction ring.

10. The electromagnetic brake with brake lining capable of being replaced rapidly as claimed in claim 9, wherein the inner ring side wall of the disc hub is provided with splines matching with the outer wall structure of the spline housing, and the brake disc part is connected with the axle through the spline housing.

11. The electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads as claimed in claim 9, wherein the hub is mounted on the inner ring of the friction ring by fasteners, the fasteners are bolts or screws, and the friction ring is provided with a plurality of mounting counterbores for mounting the bolts or screws.

12. The electromagnetic brake with brake lining capable of being replaced rapidly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing plate and the armature are connected with a clamp spring or a connecting clamp through a pin.

13. The electromagnetic brake capable of rapidly replacing brake pads as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the brake disc portion is a circular ring structure, the inner edge of the brake disc portion is in the form of splines, the inner ring of the brake disc portion is provided with a spline housing, the brake disc portion is connected with an axle through the spline housing, the brake disc portion is provided with a plurality of lightening holes, and the plurality of lightening holes are distributed in an array with the center of the brake disc portion as the center.

14. A micro-rail vehicle comprising a braking system, characterized in that it comprises an electromagnetic brake with quick-change pads according to any one of claims 1 to 13.